Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 15 March 1939 — Page 3

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. dependent” state of Slovakia, am-

. “free corps” were reported to have

- Cottage,

i5y EH

ITALRNUGE

Hifler on Way to Join Troops

In Czech Areas After Official

~ Explanation

Chancellor Takes, Train For Praha to Enter In Triumph.

(Continued from Page One)

to German troops, for a triumphal

But it was a triumph tinged with

potential tragedy. The German soldiers were booed and ‘hissed as they entered Praha. " Herr Hitler also sent German troops into the new and “in-

putated from Czechoslovakia, on the ground that Premier Josef Tiso had appealed for his aid against Polish troops who, it was said, had enterzd the country. :

Orders Mobilization |

Dr. Tiso ordered general mebilization of the Hlinka guards on receipt of reports that Hungarian troops, as well as Poles, were entering . Slovak territory. Serious clashes were reported between Hungarian troops and members of the | Carpatho-Ukrainian Separatist Sitch Guards. Two Slovaks were reported killed, two. wounded and six captured in the first clash between Slovaks and Hungarian irregulars. 2 Foreign armies, ready for a feast or a fight, thus were marching across all provinces of the now nonexistant Czechoslovak republic. Chancellor Hitler assumed his protectorate over the Czech provinces on the anniversary of‘ his triumphant entry into Vienna a year ago, when he formally proclaimed his absorption of his native Austria. \ Army Gets Orders

He ordered his- Army to smash any resistance immediately with every means available. When the order was announced, German troops already were swarming over former Czech territory and soon after they entered Praha. Herp Hitler announced his action in three historic pronouncements: 1. A communique signed by him and President Emil HacHa of Czechoslovakia announcing that President Hacha had placed the fate of the Czech people and state “trustingly into the hands of tae German Reichsfuehrer.” 2. A personal order to the German Army as Fuehrer and supreme commander of the armed forces, to start entering Bohemia and Moravia, the remaining portions of the Czech state, to end “terrorism” and “secure life and property of all residents indiscriminately.” 3. A proclamation to the German people announcing the march of his troops “to disarm terroristic gangsters and the military "forces protecting them.”

Czech Nation Wiped Out

In his proclamation to the German people Herr Hitler announced that Czechoslovakia had ceased to exist, and that his army would “execute the basis for introduction of a new fundamental settlement which will do justice to a thousand years of history and to the practical needs of the German and Czech people.” .It was reported that Rumanian

troops had crossed the Carpatino-|.

Ukranian frontier at its eastern end to insure that Rumania got a minority area embracing about 20 villages. Irregular bodies of the Polish

entered Carpatho- Ukraine from the Polish side. ee ‘ Czech areas of the dismembered republic were in a state of terror.

UL S.-Europe Relations in

New Tangle’

WASHINGTON, March 15 |. P)- rmany’s march into Czechoslovakia today threw the United States’ diplomatic and trade relations with Central Europe into further confusion. United States relations with Germany have. been strained: for months, and now Germany seemed to take over coptrol or guidance of the new state of Slovakia and the remnant portion of old Czechoslovakia. That would complicate United States relations with those regions. German absorption of Czech affairs means the almost certain wreckage of the trade treaty recently signed between Czechoslovakia, and the United States. . :

occupation Herr Hitler had forbid-|

den travel of any kind until further notice into or out of areas which were put under German protection. Dr. Paul Joseph Goebbels, Herr Hitler's Propaganda Minister, in a 6 a. m. broadcast to the German people, ordered all Germans to fiy flags from their homes in celebration of the entry of German troops into Bohemia and Moravia. : President Hacha ‘and Foreign Minister Frantisek Chvalkovsky of the Czech state had arrived here last night at Herr Hitler's. order. They first talked to Joachim von Ribbentrop, Herr Hitler's foreign minister, and then with him went to see Herr Hitler at 1:10 a. m. today. They conferred with Herr Hitler, Field Marshal Hermann Goering, his right-hand man, and Rudoif Hess, Herr Hitler’s deputy as leader of the Nazi Party, for three hours. Hacha Pale After Talk -Czech legal experts were called into the conference. Nazis spread werd iat President Hacha had asked Herr Hitler to assume _a protectorate over Czech territory and that Herr Hitler had agreed. President Hacha came out-of the conference at Herr Hitler's ornate new Chancellery with his face drawn and pale. He refused to talk He went to his hotel to consult advisers. : Herr Hitler was to have been in Vienna today for a gala celebration

Whose Fault? It’s FDR's, Nazi Asserts

BERLIN, March 15 (P. P.). —A German Government official asserted today that President Roosevelt really was responsible for carving up of, Czechoslovakia.

. “The President’s speeches about democracy.and armaments and his criticissa of the authoritarian states encouraged the Czechs to believe they could oppress the Slovaks without interference | from Germany,” he said. * “They were mistaken and

To prepare. the way for his troop

Here Is the Traffic Record

County Deaths | Speeding .... 22

(to Date)

1939 ......00. 1938 .........

Reckless

12| driving ....

3 22 i Running preferential streets Running red . lights ..... 9

Drunken driving sess: 3

March 14 Injured ...... Accidents Dead ... Arrests ....

MEETINGS TODAY dianapolis Council of Social Agencies, PR Institute, Hotel Lincoln, 7:50 p.m. Indiana Sate > og C. in Sete contra . . GC. A, 2 ay. Ye Oi Club, luncheon, Columbia Club, Bo ions Club, luncheon, Hotel Washington,

10 1 tase 0 «so 51

Others 6

DoPurdue Alumni Association, luncheon, |,

Hotel Severin, noon Young Men’s

.C. A, , ‘Twelfth District American Legion, lunch- , Board o rade, noon. 0 Es Alpha Epsilon, luncheon, Board Trade, noon. TL Real Estate Board, Property Management Division, luncheon, Canary

n. Delta Theta Tau, luncheon, Seville Tav-

everage Credit Group, luncheon, Hotel

Association,

, noon. u: Commerce, luncheon, Canary Cottage, noon.

MEETINGS TOMORROW

Indiana lis Real Estate_Beard, lunchashington, noon. oO eo Conference of Bank Auditors, dinner. Hotel Washington, 6:30 % m. Federal Businessmen, luncheon, otel shington, noon. Wah ising Club of Indianapolis, lunch-

. Columbia- Club, roon. $0Sigma Chi, luncheon, Board of Trade,

on. American Business Club, luncheon, Combia Club, noon. WS luncheon, Board of Trade, noon. .‘Sigma Nu, luncheon, Hotel Washington,

oon. : B Caravan Club, luncheon, Murat Temple,

noon. Radio Engineers’ Guild, meeting, Hotel Antlers. 8 p. m. ~ @il Club, luncheon, Severin Hotel, noon. Construction League Indianapolis,

: gue of * funcheon, Architects and Builders Build-

, noen. 1 lis Camera Club, meeting, 110

E. Ninth St., 8 p. m. va Beta Theta Pi, luncheon, Canary Cottage, noon.

MARRIAGE LICENSES

(These lists are from official records ‘In the County Court House. The Times. therefore. is not responsible for errors in names and addresses.) ! )

William Granger, 55. of 2210 Madison; Florence Higgins. 47. of 130 W. 18th. Walter Hamilton. 28. of 143 W. 21st Martha Kafader. 27. of 216 N. Oakland. James Long. 20. of 1642 Arrow: Geraldine Ayres. 17. 1

621 E. 18th. » Carl Wechsler, 3 of 1729 Spruce: Lqrotta Kuebel. 35. of 1544 Linden. . Cyrus , of 1702 E. 42d: Lillian

C Maore. ; ovey. : Charley Reynolds. 73, of 819 Beville: th Ormandv. 43. of 1238 Thompson

ad. ~ Marion Summers, 28. of 362% Massa-~ ¢husetts; vs Deckard an St RS ahuci Lasiter. 35. of ls

J AMV,

Discussion Club, dinner.| . J

Roosevelt is to blame.”

INDIANAPOLIS

Edgar (Klain, 26. of 2931 Park: Sadie Novikoff, 22. of 2918 Central. : Luther Bell. 48. of 2112 Arsenal: Virginia Anderson. 20. of 21 Eugene Boone, 24, of

. 23, of 2051 N, New Jersey: Juanita Maxine Smith, 21. of 765 N. Wallace. ’ Robert B. Smith. 34. of Bellefontaine: ohn D. Tate, , of 348 N. Douglass Margaret Alice Beecher, 23. of 1304 N. abama. Raymond Schoefer. 22, of 2816 E. Michi-

8 gan: Vera Bernice Rozzelle, 23. of 242 N. Rural. : ;

BIRTHS

Girls

Ralph, Lulabelle Doak, at Methodist. Clarence, Daisy Moffatt, at 2202 Guil-

ford. . Alberta Cogill, at 254 Bakemeyer. Dominic. Ruby Giordano. at 15 8. East.

Boys y Lawrence. Marv Goetz. at St. Francis. Charles, Florence McKay. at City Raymond. En

ora Maguire.

an. M. E., Sarah Skinner, at Coleman. ames. Doris Miller. at leman. Fred. Ruth Elev. at Colefhan James, Mary Croslev, at 1223 Folk. Richard, Evan Tunstill, at 1724 Martin-

ale. na Bernice Jarrett. at 1145 S. TreRussell. Mildred T.ambert. at 1130 Evison.

DEATHS

Martha Jane Vaughn. 68, at 617 8. Missouri, bronchopneumonia. :

Archie 8. Brown, 62. at 1815 Westview Drive. coronary occlusion. Mary M. Aue. 58. at 1932 W. Vermont. lobar pneumonia. John H. McCreary. 71, at 333 . - ridian. carcinoma. 5 Me Agnes Bevel. 78. at Meth prunes Bev ethodist cerebral Pollvanna DeAlveroz, Washington, acute myocardi Joseph D. Robinson, 76, at Long. uremia. Marcele Condo. 26. at Methodist, lobar PO Holdi 54 omer Henry _ Holdier, : Canitol myocardisly, 4 asa st 24 N rown, a Coronary occlusion, 9 53 Martindale. a. 5 2 a . 3 Hospital. arteriosclerosis, at Veterans va Jones. 67. at 923 N. Jefferson. bronchooneumon

onia. Morgan - Miller, 76. at 524 Leon. in0 Jiola’ Wilt, 67. at Long. coronary occlu-

n. | Anna L. Belford, 70, at 1014 Lexin . acute myocarditis. Rion Benjamin P. Garrison, 63, at Methodist. cerebral Demorthage, John Morris Lee, 81. at 3231 Park. car-

cinoma. Conrad Rippenger, 84, at Methodist. |

myocarditis.

INCORPORATIONS

Indiana Saddle Horse Association Indianapolis; amendment of articles Tn Co., Kentuck: porati enry Vogt Co., Kentucky corporation; admitted to Indiana to sell and erect boilers and other equipment. Sproul & Koenig, Inc. Illinois corporation; admitted to Indiana to engage in building business.

tion; and sell structural iron and steel. Lowell Recreation Parlor, Inc., 214 Commercial Ave., Lowell; resident agent, Louis H. George, 1448 Broadway, Gary. capital stock, 100 shares of $10 par value; operate restaurants: Louis H. George, Peter Bellos, Nick Diamond. Cloverdale Motors, Inc., Cloverdale; resident agent. Estill Meek, Cloverdale: capital stock, '10" shares of $100 par value; to deal in new and used motor veh accessories, etc.; Estill Meek, Lesl Char! Bi Ellis

of Armed Invasion

‘of the anniversary of his formal absorption of Austria. It was announced at Vienna last night that

he had canceled his visit and that.

the military parade which he was to have reviewed had been called off. Troops which were to have par=ticipated had marched through the streets of Vienna last night on their way to the Czech frontier. It was notable that the Czechoslovak situation roused comparativelittle interest among Germans in Berlin except those in official life.

The people seemed to consider it a}

third-rate sensation, perhaps not realizing its real significance. It might be assumed that people in mining areas took more interest in an announcement that Field Marshal Goering, as Four-Year : Plan dictator, had just ordered that underground work for miners should be increased by three-quarters of an hour to not exceeding 8% hours a day. Working hours above ground in mining areas are to be increased

_|“according to requirements of the

company.” Workers will get time and a quarter for overtime work.

About-Face Pondered

rt . Norma Faye Phillips. 21. of 9132 College. 4; Joh: T f

. olis, & Lo

a J at, Coleman. | Ruenen. Catherine Winchester. at Cole- |

74. at J tis. 4863 E

Ine. | , Station of Bismarck

New City Iron Works, Illinois corpora-|, glona admitted to Indiana to construct|Kan

In diplomatic quarters there was

| considerable niterest in Herr Hit\ler's about-face in consenting to Hungarian occupation

of Car-patho-Ukrainian territory. It was suggested: (1) That he believed that this little area could not exist ag* an independent state with Czechoslovakia finally dismempered; (2) That Germany's opposition to Hungary absorbing the territory and thus getting a common frontier with Poland had annoyed Italy, Poland and Hungary alike; (3) That perhaps because of deepening German - Hungarian friendship, Germany was not likely to be put at a disadvantage in its drive eastward even if Car-natho-Ukrainia were dominated by Hungary. Herr Hitler's assumption of a protectorate over Czech areas meant the end of the Czech Republic, in fact, though he planned to grant a .certain measure of autonomy to the Czechs with per-

haps a loose form of nominally in-

dependent Government centered at Praha. Otherwise it was anticipated that the country would be completely under German domination and would be really a provincial part of the Nazi Reich, sharing its economic and political fortunes.

RUMANIA MASSE 6 RESERVE GLASSES

BUCHAREST, Rumania, March 13 (U. P.).=—It was understood today that six classes of Army reserves had been called up, as a precaution, in western Rumania, bordering on Hungary and CarpathoUkreinia.

"It was understood also that the

Ciovernment had commandeered a large number of automobiles and motor trucks in these districts.

QUIT HUNT FOR MAN BELIEVED DROWNED

Times Special !

LOGANSPORT, March 15--Offi-cers have abandoned search for the body of James I. Williams, 50, who is believed to have perished in the Wabash River east of Peru when a rowboat upset. His 27-year-old son Elmer, drowned. Miami County authorities ceased search because of high waters.

no capital stock; to promote Interests_of chain stores; Walter S. Greenough, Edward P. Warfel, Mary Louise Barnhart.

Northern Indiana Camping Association, Inc, 325 Warren Building, Michigan City: no capital stock; summer camp for children; Charles H. Jones, C. F. Humphrey, Paul M. Carnahan and others. Russell Avenue Savings & Loan Associaon No. 4, Indianapolis; dissolution. . Madison Avenue Savings & Loan Association No. 16, Indianapolis; dissolution. ‘St... Indianapoli it BD Fra . apolis; resident agent, C. Gale, 3329 N. C f {sr capital stock, 100 shares of $100 par value; to deal in automobiles, motorcycles, etc.; W. H. Albersmeier,

Roy Gale Motors,

Dorance Rodenberg, LeRoy C. Gale.

Marshall County Rural Electric Membership Corp., Plymouth; amendment of articles of incorporation.

Union Federal Savings & Loan Association, Indianapolis; merged with New Progress Building Association, Indianapunder name Union Federal Savings an Association. ’ Northern Indiana Co-operative Association, Mentone: amendment increasing capital stock to 3600 shares common and 400 shares preferred of $25 par value, and other amendments.

OFFICIAL WEATHER

or te U. S. Weather Bureau.

INDIANAPOLIS FORECAST — Fair toaight. and tomorrow: much colder tonight; owest temperature 29 to 25 degrees; rising temperature tomurrow.

Sunrise ........5:57| Sunset ...... 15:51

TEMPERATURE ’ =—March 15, 1938— a.

7 a. m......29.82

recipitation 24 hrs. endin Total precipitation since 3&n’ Excess since Jan, 1

MIDWEST WEATHER Indiana — Fair tonight and fomorrow, colder. Much colder in east portion tobight, rising temperature tomorrow after-

x colinoie—Pair tonight and t fomorrow, 2 ast and extreme south portions tonight; rising temperature tomorrow.

Lower Michigan—Cloudy, becomin i in south, snow flurries 4 north yl fa treme west portions tonight; much colder tonizht; tomorrow fair in south becoming far Jo, Jorth ortion Sine temperature 3 i and extrem in afternoon. ® West potkions

Ohio—Mostly cloudy and muc , Snow fuiries in east 2nd north portions gzht; enera, east amd central Poraons. ir, eolcer In Kentucky—Generally fair and - er dont except Mout Sol Ine colder in extreme east portion 0" fair,

WEATHER IN OTHER CITIES AT 7 A. M.

Weathe , TY .Clear ? Bers ToL. . 30.42

24 26 56 52 26

% 64 20 44

53 72 .Cloudy

Sty .Cloud

ENE

apitol Ave., Indianapolis: purp

Gen, Lev Prchala (center) today was Withdraw- | ing his Czech troops from Carpatho-Ukraine after he fought a series of skirmishes yesterday with ad-

withdrawal of Czech troops within 24 hours, Gen. Jan Syrovy (right), War Minister, and Gen. Alois Elias, Communications Minister, are being forced out of the Czech Cabinet on demands of Hitler.

vancing Hungarian troops and Hungary démanded

HUNGARY NEXT

Only Kingless Kingdom Now . Stands Between Reich And Rich Ukraine.

(Continued from Page One)

has done it in the space of a few months and the two great democratic victors in the World War —Great Britain and France—have looked the other way. The French Government made one feeble and meaningless gesture

when it asked Hitler if his inten-|.

Carpatho-Ukraine

tions , toward That gesture,

were honorable.

made because of French military|

ties with Poland and Rumania, came only after the Fuehrer had started on a triumphal entry into his new protectorate. : The great financial centers of the world were calm. The stock market suffered hardly a ripple of excitement while the Fuehrer rearranged the central European map to an extent that made the Sudetenland seizure seem like an oddlot deal. In England, even the Socialist opposition in the House of Commons looked on in comparative silence while Prime Minister Chamberlain figuratively washed the Government hands of a new power politics upheaval in an area that once was—and may still be—the key to power in all Europe. i ~ The contrast between the threat of a European war that marked the Sudetenland crisis and today’s international unconcern in the face of still more sweeping developments is in the roots of the Munich settlcment. At that time, both Britain and France surrendered Central and Eastern Europe to Herr Hitler and asked him, to keep his face turned east. : There appeared to be a period of peace and consolidation ahead -for ‘that part of the continent. Germany needed time to catch her breath and absorb the huge areas and populations she had won. It was Italy’s turn to seize some profits from the new dictatorial parinership that was threatening Europe with a loaded pistol, and the democratic front—Britain and France, with American encouragement—was arming to meet that threat. Encouraged by those developments, the Eastern European nations of Poland, Rumania, Hungary and Czechoslovakia began getting their courage back.

Halt Impossible Now '

But Herr Hitler had long ago started a revolution that he could not stop even if he desired. The Nazi expansion had to keep on—or explode. ; Almost automatically—in fact, against Herr Hitler's own desire to hold back for the time being—the revolution seeped across the international frontiers of Middle Europe and eventually the Fuehrer had to strike or it would be too late. His blow shattering the remnants of the Czechoslovak Republic had several 0S€s. 3 It cleared away stubbo interference which the Czechs had provided in Bohemia, which Bismarck —Herr Hitler's hero—considered the key to dominance of Europe. It provided a stunning example for Eastern European nations, especially Hungary whose great landowners are fearful of Nazi state socialism and whose Army is creating the most serious danger of a war (but hardly a major war) by its seizure of the eastern tip of Czechoslovakia known as CarpathoUkraine.

Hungary Gains and Loses

How great the danger of a conflict in Carpatho-Ukraine will depend upon further developments as Polish and Rumanian troops mass along their own frontiers. | But in any event it is obvious that Herr

Hitler has every expectation of keeping the struggle localized, that Britain and France will go to great lengths to avoid being involved and

‘2 lthat the Nazi military might well 3.63 | prevail in the end barring the high-

ly unlikely development of a general conflict. : | Most authoritative Nazi | sources left little question that Herr Hitler had agreed to Hungarian occupation of Carpatho-Ukraine either by prearrangement or by force of. circumstances in the swift excitement of developments after he struck at the Czechs. By relinquishing his objections to a common HungarianPolish frontier, Herr Hitler might create good will in those countries and in Rumania. At the same time, Nazi power has become so great in Central Europe that Hungary—and thus Carpatho-Ukraine — can be drawn into the German net at dlmost any time, = | The Nazis have, however, moved closer to the Ukraine by this week's gains—driving the Slovakian wedge of 14,000 square miles deeply into the thin wall of neutral states dividing them from Russian soil. The thread of hatred against the Soviets that colored Herr Hitler's preview of European history in “Mein Kampf” and that has run like a red vein through the pattern of peace since Munich loses none of its symmetry as the Czechoslovak Republic dissolves into dust.

Herr Hitler can still write continued” at the end

* INHITLER PATH

New Slovak State Gets Poles’ O.K.

WARSAW, March 15 (U. - P.).—Poland has recognized the new Slovak Government, it was announced today. The Government decided to _elevate the Polish consulate general at Bratislava to a legation, in accordance with its recognition, it was announced.

HUNGARIANS SEIZE CARPATHO- UKRAINE

(Continued from Page One)

Separafist Sitch Guards as they extended | their occupation of the Carpatho-Ukraine. (It was reported in Bratislava that 10,000 Sitch Guards had opposed the Hungarian advance and that Czech soldiers had reinforced them. Gen. Lev. Prchala, Czech commander, said that there had been many casualties on both sides.) The Parliament of CarpathoUkraine was called to meet at Chust, the ‘province’s capital, to proclaim forrnally its formation of an independent state which was arranged yesterday, or to surrender to Hungary. It had been reported that both Polish legionnaires and Rumanian troops | had entered CarpathoUkrainia but this was officially denied in Warsaw and Bucharest. Hungarian troops, however, were advancihg and meeting resistance. Opposition from Czech troops had been anticipated. It was asserted that Hungarians and Czechs had clashed at various points and that the Czechs had been repulsed.

Reports Conflicting

Reports saic that members of the Sitch Guards--also as had been expected — were clashing with the Czechs, too. :

But today’s reports at Budapest also were that Sitch Guardsmen attacked advancing Hungarian troops and were dispersed. (Reports in Bratislava were that the Hungarians had been driven back from 18 villages in a big-scale battle yesterday.) The Guardsmen are for a completely independent Ukrainia, without domination by anybody. As regards Czech attacks, the Government sent orders here that if there were further attacks on Hungarian troops, the Hungarians were to ‘pursue, disperse and annihilate” the Czech forces.

Jugoslav Cabinet Orders Precautions

BELGRADE, March 15 (U. P.).— The Jugoslavian Cabinet decided today to take precautionary military measures: on tlie northern frontier in view of Central European events of the last 24 hours.

2,500,000 RUSSIANS ‘READY’ FOR INVASION

MOSCOW, March 15 (U. P). — Soviet Russia’s peace-time Army strength is more than two and onehalf million men, Defense Commissar Klementi Voroshilov told the 18th Communist Party Congress in an apparent warning against Germany’s “march to the East.” With foreign observers speculating on whether Germany is heading toward the Soviet Ukraine, the Russian Defense Commissar declared that the Soviet Army’s great -war plane fleet could carry 6000 tons of bombs in one mass flight and that it is ready “at any moment” to fight an invasion. M. Voroshilov did not refer to Germany nor did he give specific figures on the man-power of the Soviet Army but he said its size and strength fas doubled since 1934, which compares with the last published figures in 1935 of 1,300,000 men. | In view of the armament race everywhere, he said, the Soviet Army had been compelled te abandon its former . organization by territories and become entirely a professionally officered orgatlization, trained “the spirit of internationalism.”

Nazi Leader to ‘Defend’ Germans in Memel

KOVNO, Lithuania, March 15 (U. P.)—Willy Neumann, Nazi leader in the Memel District, gathered the German deputies in the Parliament building today and declared that the present time requires “quick decisions.” . | : “In case of necessity,” Herr Neumann said, “I am entitled to take all the requisite steps to conduct, the proper negotiations on behalf of the 87 per cert German popula-

‘tion of Memniel.”

3 8) The Meme! District is 1099 square miles in extent, with a population of about 150,000. :

sony TILLOTSON DEAD

MICHIGAN CITY, March 15 (U.

‘P.).—John Tillotson, state police

clerk at

the Dunes Park barracks, 0 v Nn wir iti and

BRITAIN STRIKES AT REICH TRADE

Postpones Parley Scheduled For Tomorrow, Following Czech ‘Incident.

LONDON, March 15 (U. P)— Great Britain interrupted important trade negotiations with Nazi Germany today as Prime inister Chamberlain told ‘the House of Commons that “naturally I should bitterly regret” the fate of Czechoslovakia since the peace of Munich. The resentment of the British Government over Germany’s breakup of Czechoslovakia in contradiction of the agreement made at Munich was forcefully stated in both the House of Lords and the House of Commons, but the Prime Min-

ister added: “Let us not on that account be deflected from our course. |Let us remember the desire of all peoples of the world still is concentrated on hopes for peace and a ani to an

atmosphere of understanding and good will which so often have been disturbed. : [a Holds Peace Hopes : “We must suffer checks and disappointments from time to time but the object we have in mind is of too great significance to mankind for us lightly to give it up or set it to one side.” | ‘That hopes for improvement of international relations had been gravely set back by the dissolution of Czechoslovakia was made clear by Viscount Halifax, Foreign Secretary, and Mr. Chamberlain, who was greeted with a Communist shout of: “You've sold a nation into slavery.” The Government’s position was clarified in ‘much stronger terms

Britain and France had inquired of Berlin as to Germany’s plans/in regard to the future of the dissolved Czechoslovak Republic. The German Foreign Office replied that the military occupation of Czechia had been with the consent of the Praha. Government and said that full details would be given Britain and France later. ‘Slap’ at Germany | The British decision to postpone trade negotiations with Berlin, scheduled to start tomorrow, continue them with Soviet and other nations was a_/much stronger slap at the German action.

vital importance ‘to the Reich, which was told by Herr Hitler that it must “export or die.” foo Viscount Halifax, speaking in the House of Lords, said that Great Britain does not any longer consider herself bound by the four-power agreement made at Munich to guarantee the frontiers of Czeehoslovakia. That agreement was never put into effect by Germany, Britain, France and Italy, although they had promised to give the guarantee, Lord Halifax revealed tol the House of Lords that Germany had sent troops beyond the frontiers

sultation with any of the other “Big Four” powers. A specially chartered Dutch airliner landed at Croydon Airdrome last night with 11 persons believed to be officials of the former Czech Government.

France Asks Reich To Clarify Plans

PARIS, March 15 (U. P.)— France .broke the complete “hands off” policy of the European democracies today %Yy asking Germany what her intentions were in regard to the Carpatho-Ukraine. Without indicating any intention of doing mors than asking what to expect, the Foreign Office instructed Robert Coulondre, Ambassador at Berlin, to inquire concern-

will be a formal demarche. France, which enclosed Germany after the World War with “circle of steel” alliances to prevent her from ever regaining her military power, is an ally <of Rumania, which is adjacent to the CarpathoUkraine. The French also had military alliance with Czechoslovakia, and still have alliances with Poland and Soviet Russia.

DUCE STUDIES CRISIS EFFECT ON OWN PLAN

| ROME, March 15 (U. P.).—Premier Mussolini studied reports of the Czechoslovak crisis for two ‘hours this morning and then met at lo a. m. with the Council of Minisers. 2 It was reliably reported that the German embassy had kept the Italian Foreign Office informed of developments: as they occurred throughout the night and morning. Sig. Musgolini was believed to be studying the situation with relation aspirations” for Mediterranean colonies. An opinion in some Fascist quarters that Premier. Mussolini might make his expected colonial demands against France while European concern was centered on Czechoslovakia, found expression in the newspaper Popolo di Roma, which said: _ “There certainly will be work for the map makers of Central Europe,

but perhaps not even now has

the

of the European map

than had been expected after both |

ut. to ussia | 3

Improvement of foreign trade is of |&

laid down at Munich without, con=|"

ing German plans. The request|

to its effect upon Italy's “natural |

Czech Cr Sing National Anthem As Nazi Troops Enter

Curfew Ordered by Reich Army to Prevent Rioting.

(Continued from Page One)

thousands booing them—the first time Fuehrer Mitler’s troops have ever been ridiculed in public. -

The Germans crossed the frontier 20 miles away in a blinding snowstorm shortly before 7 a. m. (12 midnight, Indianapolis Time). Motorcycles leading the way, they entered the great Wenceslas Square in the center of Praha and drew up in formation.

The city had been in terror all Might. : About 5000 people massed so tightly at the bottom of the square that the German motorcyclists leading the advance could hardly pass. As the German conquerors entered the square, hundreds of people burst into tears. They sobbed for a few moments. Then someone started singing the Czech national anthem. . Others took up the strains. In a few minutes thousands of people, tears running down their faces, joined in the ringing anthem and sang it again and again. . They stopped singing only to boo and shout catecalls at the Germans. Many gave the clenched fist Communist salute in defiance. Isolated in the crowd at various

wearing Nazi swastika arm bands, gave the Hitler salute and threw little bouquets of violets at. the troops. Fist fighting broke out but Czech police, themselves redeyed, stopped them, The Germans imposed an 8 p. m. curfew on Praha, fearing an outburst of popular hatred. The troops carried riot guns in addition to their ordinary arms and were reported to have mounted machine guns at strategic points where .they could command crowds. But the Czechs’ attitude was one of white-hot patriotism. They gathered in the Wenceslay Square by thousands to sing their anthein. Hundreds of times, in the streets, groups of Czechs spontaneously burst into the anthem, interspersing howls of rage, jeers and cries of “phooey” at the Germans. When they saw a German soldier, some of them would put their hands before their faces in sign of horror and disgust and turn away. This was noted even in front of the German minority headguarters, where large groups

STRAUSS SAYS:

Nice Going!

points, groups of minority Germans, |

of Germans gathered and. shouted wildly in joy. By 12:30 p. m.,, two hours after the German occupation, the situation had become dangerous. : Czech police feared an outbreak. As the German troops held their riot guns at the ready, the police cleared the streets. Mounted police rode up on the sidewalks. But the streets refilled as soon as they were emptied. Those who did not join crowds climbed on top of streetcars, the better to jeer the Germans.

Crowds Seek to Flee

Then the Germans announced their curfew. Crowds jammed banks and travel bureaus, getting money and trying to arrange passage abroad. None could be obtained. Jews telephoned foreigners, begging for asylum, or sat or stood hopelessly about waiting to see what the Germans would do to them. The occupation was effected withs' out resistance. Czech troops had been ordered to offer no opposition, and the only Czech troops to be seen were une armed and walking about as civie lians. ‘The invasion began when abou 100 German Army bicyclists, with’ rifles or automatic machine-guns slung over their shoulders, rode siw lently across the frontier into the, Czech state at Melnik, nearest frone tier point to Praha. Motorcyclists: and a battery of antitank guns fole lowed. ; The last time German troops. crossed a Czech border, to occupy. the ceded Sudeten territory, cheer= ing throngs met them and pelted them with flowers. :

Reception Is Different

It was different today. The bliz~’ zard and the utter silence of the people as they entered, were appro=. priate to the death of a nation.

As the troops made their way along -the highway, women with shawls over their heads, workmen in: shabby clothes and children on their way to school with their knapsacks on their backs ran out from house$ and stood silently, in small protecs tive groups, ‘as they passed. Both men and women, occasionally, burst into bitter sobs. A few Czech sole diers, without arms, stood by the roadside. Sa r As the troops entered Praha, the city took its new defeat, and its death as a world capital, with fortitude and resignation. It has a. 1000-year history of sieges, of defeats and triumphs. At first there were signs of panic. Then, as the

troops entered, people began ta come out of their houses.

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