Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 28 February 1939 — Page 2

PAGE 2

LOYALIST CHIEF |

RESIGNS POST

OTHERS TO FLEE

French and British Warships To Evacuate Refugees From Valencia.

(Continued from Page |One)

that the Loyalist General Staff had concluded victory was mow impossible. He told Senor Barrio he had deferred his resignation hoping peace might be negotiated with Generalissimo Franco. But French and British recognition of Gen. Franco, he argued, made this hope vain. ] It was learned that Senor Azana’s letter was a result of a new effort by Dr. Negrin, acting in the name of the entire Cabinet, to persuade him to return to Madrid, presumably for the purpose of liquidating the Republican regime. | Belief in French and British Government quarters was that a Loyalist collapse was imminent. . Dispatches from the Franco side asserted that Gen, Jose Miaja, commisnder in chief of the Loyalist Armies, planned to board a ship for Mezico, on invitation of President Cardenas, and that Premier Juan Negrin intended to fly to France,

Valencia Still Bombed

"The 800-mile battle line in Central Spain was now a ghost front, dispatches from Spain said. Fightyang tifa) seased, although Valencia was st.f being bombed. Loyalist troops were planting trees in the shattered parks of the suburbs, a Madrid dispatch said, where a few weeks ago they were fighting bitterly. : - Premier Negrin, Gen. Miaja and Loyalist Foreign Minister Julio Alvarez del Vayo were understood to be in Valencia preparing their final decision. Confident that collapse of the Loyalist resistance was near, -the Franco forces sped preparations for a triumphal entry into Madrid. Food convoys were massed on roads converging on Madrid, and regiments of civil guards were waiting to March in and take over the capital’s policing. Dispatches from Loyalist territory told of appeals to the people to resist, of radio programs featured by martial music and patriotic speéches. British Deny Reports British Government sources denied all reports of British activity. But it was asserted on the highest Loyalist authority here that Great Britain had brought urgent pressure to. bear on Loyalist leaders by offering to evacuate them and their principal aids, and hinging it on immediate acceptance. : It was asserted also that this offer had been accepted by Loyalist Premier Negrin on condition * that Loyalist judicial authorities return to Spain and aid in designating those Loyalists who were to flee —those who would be regarded as “criminals” by Generalissimo Franco and thus subject to prosecution. Mariano Gomez, Loyalist Supreme Court president, and Joseph Garido, Attorney General, were said to have been named by President Azana before he went into refuge in the French Alps. | _ There were strong indications that French and British authorities already had made arrangements for warships to evacuate from 8000 to 10,000 Loyalists, leaving the others to await the occupation of Central Spain by Gen. Franco. Diplomatically Gen. Franco already had won complete victory. Recognition had been granted them unconditionally by . Great Britain end France. Recognition had been withdrawn from the Loyalists, except as constituting a de facto regime over the Loyalist territory in Central Spain. The old red and gold flag of the Spanish monarchy! flew over Spanish Embassies in thirty-four nations which have established de jure relations with the Franco regime. The United States and Russia | were the principal nenrecognizing powers. France had agreed to hand over to the Franco regime Loyalist Government gold in the Bank of ance; Loyalist warships and merchant ships in French ports; Loyalist war materials in France; livestock brought to France; art treasures, gold and silver bars and jewelry brought into France during the Catalonian retreat, and other materials. :

Franco Attacks Jews, Thanks Axis for Aid

BURGOS, Spain, Feb. 28 (U. P.). — Generalissimo franco pledged Spanish friendship-to Italy and Germany and denounced “the eternal Jew” in a victory speech to a cheering crowd before his official residence last night, after announcement of British and French recognition. There was no note of hope in the speech for those nations which may seek to alienate Spain from the totalitarian countries which aided the Franco cause while France, particularly, was charged with ‘aiding the Loyalists. | “It would be unjust in these moments of triumph, when we are recognized by even those who fought us, if we did not remember those who since the first days believed in us, those who shed their blood with ours, those who placed their honor side by side with ours,” he said. “Those strong and noble nations have conscience, virtue, spirituality and power. : “Our affection and good wishes go to our sister nations, our neighbor Portugal, beloved Italy, friendly Germany, the Latin American nations which encouraged us, as well as the heroic youth and Spanish mothers, the treasure of Spain, who gave up their sons and blood brothers, and were proud to give them up, for their faith in their country.” His reference to Jews was:

“While music is heard and our |i — flag is raised there are wandering |H throughout the world:the damned, |&# such as the eternal Jew, whom no- | & body wants because they are a lj

Communist horde which advances.”

The Burgos radio today attacked |g

- the attitude of Britain and France on the grounds that “for centuries” those two nations were the very

powers that had threatened the in- |%

dependence of Spain.

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[

Cardinal Fossati

HE career-of Maurilio Car- : dinal Fossati, Archbishop of Turin, has embraced secretarial duties, journalism, rectorship of a famous shrine and World War service before he was clevated to the hierarchy. Of humble birth, Cardinal Fossati was bern May 24, 1876, at Arome, Italy. From the seminary at Arome, Maurilio Fossati went on to that at Novara. He was ordained to the priesthood in 1898. In 1911 he joined the Congregation of the Oblates of Sts. Gaudentius and Charles. During the World War he served as a private soldier in military hospitals at Florence and Turin. Father Fossatl was promoted to the Archiepiscopal See of Sassari in 1929. There followed his transfer to the archdiocese of Turin, and in March, 1933, the Pope raised him to the College of Cardinals. :

CHAMBERLAIN CENSURE ASKED

Loses, Confidence in Great Britain.

LONDON, Feb. 28 (U. P.)—The Labor and Liberal cpposition attacked the Government in the House of Commons foday for its recognition of the Franco Government.

reply told the House that the Government “hopes it will not be long before an armistice is reached in Spain.” : He defended his government's action by declaring that: 1. Nobody knows “how much of the Republican Government remains in Spain or where it is to be found.” ‘ : 2. The government of Generalissimo Franco has “put itself in a position where it has reasonable expectancy of permanence.” Cites Assurances 3. Repeated assurances have heen received from Gen. Franco that Spain will be independent in the future—a point emphasized by the opposition argument that Franco would work with Germany and Italy. { 4. Renewed assurances have been asked of Gen. Franco regarding avoidance of reprisals against Loyalist leaders. : Citing international law on the subject, Mr. Chamberlain said that the “answer is plain” to the question of whether Gen. Franco's Gov= ernment could reasonably be expected to be permanent. Maj. Clement R. Attlee, Labor leader, introducefl a strong motion of censure, opening a debate which undoubtedly will end tonight in a vote of confidence for Mr. Chamberlain.

Recalls ‘Traitor’ Charge

Referring to the interruptions yesterday when cries of “shame” and “traitor” went up as Mr. Chamberlain announced recognition, Maj. Attlee criticized Mr. Chamberlain’s impatience at the interruptions. “He might have been & dictator addressing the Fascist Grand Council,” Maj. Attlee declared. Maj. Attlee reiterated his complaint of yesterday that Chamberlain failed to keep his promise to inform Commons at the earliest possible moment of the decision to recognize Gen. Franco. | “It looks as if the Prime Minister has given away everything and got nothing in its place, not even a ‘thank you’ from Gen. Franco,” Maj. Attlee said. “This is not in the interests of democracy or the interests of the safety of the British Empire. The Government is thinking all the time of‘ the interests of British capital.”™ ; The Labor motion of censure read: “That in the opinion of this House the decision of His Majesty’s Government to grant unconditional recognition to the Spanish insurgent forces, which are dependent on foreign intervention, constitufes a deliberate afiront to the legitimate Government of a friendly power, is a gross breach of international traditions and marks a further stage In a policy which is steadily destroyIng In all democratic countries confidence in the good faith of Great Britain.” Navy Budget Published Navy estimates totalling

which starts April 1.

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. EN Eon Cardinal Lavitrano

.JNTRANCE of Luigi Cardinal Lavitrano, Archbishop of Palermo, into the service of ‘the

church largely was a consequence of an earthquake which leveled his ‘native city of Porto d’Ischia in 1883, leaving. him: an orphan. Born March 7, 1874, Luigi Lavite rano was ordained a priest in 1898 after obtaining degrees in philosophy, theology and canon law. Father Lavitrano became an instructor at the Institute Leoniano in Rome in 1902, the year Pope Leo XIIL'created the institufe. Later he was named rector of the institute. He was appointed bishop of Cava and Sarno in 1914 and became Archbishop of Palermo in 1928. He received the red hat of the cardinal Dec. 16, 1929, from the late Pope. He will be 65 in March.

Rome Papers Tell of War Preparedness, Rap Mrs. Roosevelt.

ROME, Feb. 28 (U. P.).—Morning newspapers here today reported that “France is hastening preparations for war in Tunisia” and is shipping large quantities of munitions there. The Tunis correspondent of the newspaper Messagero reported that trneches were being dug in the streets of Tunisia; that antiaircraft and machipe guns were being emplaced and warning sirens installed; that gasoline stations in Tunis and suburbs are guarded by soldiers, and that French troops are being sent to the frontier of Italy's Libya. A Tunis dispatch to the newspaper Popolo di Roma said that “Tunis

tary cenfer in a time of war. The civilian population notes the unusual pasasge of tanks, cavalry, infaniry and air force.”

Mrs. Roosevelt Rapped

In an article headed “Mrs. Roosevelt Writes Too Much,” the Popolo

President Roosevelt was a “bad influence” on him and that too many of his decisions were swayed by her antitotalitarian ideas. Commenting ironically on an alleged statement, in her recent book, favoring confiscation of the profits of munitions’ manufacturers, the article said that “Mr. du Pont, millionaire son-in-law of Roosevelt, certainly doesn’t agree with Mrs. Roosevelt on this point. Since 1938 he has exported over 100 million dollars’ worth of munitions and airplanes to various countries.” (The du Pont-Roosevelt relationship quoted by Popolo di Roma is erroneous. Franklin D. Roosevelt Jr. is a son-in-law of Eugene du Pont, a member of the famous mu-nitions-making firm.)

Fortune Alleged

“Mrs. Roosevelt,” the newspaper continued, “being & good humorist, continues to accumulate thousands of dollars from publications. It is celculated since 1933 that she has been able to save $500,000.” (Mrs. Roosevelt thas made it known on several occasions that most, if not all, of her income derived from her daily syndicated column and other writings is turned over to charity.) The newspaper also charged that Mrs. Roosevelt broke White House tradition by “entering the field of politics,” since it claimed that the

IOVANNI CARDINAL NA-SALLI-ROCCA, born Aug. 27, 1872, took his degree in Sacred Theology at the Pontifical Gregorian University. Zeal. ous, active, he was appointed to the diplomatic service by Pope Leo XIII," named bishop of Gubbio in 1907 by Pope Pius X. Shortly after Benedict XV was elected to the pontificate, - he ‘called Cardinal Nasalli-Rocca to Rome, named him to preside over the giving of alms in the name of the Pope and over various religious institutes supported by papal charity. In 1921 he was appointed Archbishop of Bologna. He was named a cardi-

nal in 1922. In 1927, he presided over the ninth Italian Eu-

seems to have become a great mili-

di Roma said today that the wife of

charistic Congress ii Bologna.

Tension at Tunis Reported; Poland to Stand With France

PB ——————

many as Ciano Is . Rebuffed.

WARSAW, Poland, Feb. 28 (U.P.). —Fifteen thousand marched on the Foreign Ministry, Parliament and German Embassy today, shouting, “Down with Hitler!” “Down With Germany!” “Danzig to Poland!” 5 ' The demonstrations were embarrassing to the Government because they coincide with the official visit to Warsaw of Count Galeazzo Ciano, Italian Foreign Minister. Col. Josef Beck, Foreign Minister, is understood to have told Count Ciano that Poland is unwilling to support any drive for colonies by the totalitarian powers. because she is determined to remain loyal to the French-Polish alliance.

Canada to Help

Mexico Build Planes

MEXICO CITY, Feb, 28 (U. P.).— Mexico intends to build up her air force with Canadian help, it was revealed today. : The Canadian Car & Foundry Co. has signed an agreement with the Government for construction in Mexico of 40 standard Grumann

military two-seater planes and 10 conventional-type training planes.

Soudan Seeks to Form

Cabinet for Belgium

BRUSSELS, Feb. 28 (U. P).— Eugene Soudan, former Foreign Minister, today accepted the King’s invitation to form a cabinet. The four-day-old Cabinet of Hubert Pierlot, Catholic Party leader, resigned yesterday because the Socialists, who were needed for a Parliamentary majority, refused to accept his policy of deflation or a § per cent cut in the salaries of civil servants and pensions. .

Students Riot Against Ger-|.

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as White House hostesses.”

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LEXIS CARDINAL ASCALESI, Archbishop of Naples, was born at Castelnuovo, Oct. 25, 1872, and was ordained a priest in 1895. He was assigned: to the parish of Montemartano, which’ he governed until December, 1909, when he was called to head the Priorate of San Bartolomeo di Montefalco. He was made Bishop of Muro Lucano in 1909. After a brief period in the : episcopal headquarters of Sant’Agata de’ Goti, he entered the archdiocese of Benevento. In December, 1916, at the age of 44, he was created a cardinal, Cardinal Ascalesi became Archbishop of Naples in 1923 on the death’ of Cardinal Prisoco. During the World War, .he was noted for his assistance to soldiers, civilians, and refugees,

BALLOTING ONCE LASTED 3 YEARS

Forecast in Present Instance; Vote Tomorrow.

(Continued from Page One)

cipal Italian sees. The method, which proved an important factor in deciding popes for the past century, is as follows: ‘1. All non-Italian cardinals are regarded as having little chance. 2. All cardinals more than 70 years of age are eliminated as being too old for the post. 3. All cardinals of the Curia (those attached to administrative or. political posts and reside in Rome) are removed from the group because it is felt that they are too closely involved in secular problems between the Holy See and national governments. 4. All cardinals belonging to religious orders are eliminated because Church circles feel that their attachment to any particular order might detract their interests from the more general good of the Church as a whole.

Five Favorites Listed

Leading candidates for the post today were said to be Their, Eminences:

However, Early Choice Is|

‘Cardinal Dalla Costa

LIA CARDINAL DALLA COSTA,. archbishop of Florence, who will be 67 on May 14, was named to the College of Cardinals in 1933. Born in 1872 at Billaverla, a little village in the province of Vicenza, he early exhibited a serious and meditative character, Cardinal Dalla Costa was ordained to the priesthood in 1895, in the Cathedral of Schio, and two years later took a doctor’s degree.in the Royal University .of Padua, where he had already made a brilliant record. As the archbishop of Schio, his first ‘major seat, Cardinal Dalla Costa gained praise and honors from the government and army high command during the World War. In 1923 he was elected bishop of Padua and in December became bishop of Florence. :

of Florence. Luigi Lavitrano, 65, Archbishop of Palermo, : Alessio Ascalesi, 67, Archbishop of Naples. Maurilio Fossati, 63, Archbishop of Turin, : Giovanni Nasalli-Rocca, Archbishop of Bologna. Of this group Cardinal Costa was regarded in many quarters as being the most favored because his evangelical career has not linked him with any rightist or leftist tendencies,

67,

U.S. EXPECTED T0 RECOGNIZE FRANCO POWER

Precedent Says Nation Has

_ No Right to Decide Others’ Rule.

By WILLIAM PHILIP SIMMS Times Foreign Editor WASHINGTON, Feb. 28 (U. P.) — The United States, there is reason to believe, will shortly follow Great Britain and France in extending recognition to the Franco Government in Spain. The rapid disintegration of the Loysalist regime leaves this country little choice. 3 The Stimson Doctrine of nonrecognition of territory acquired by force does not apply in Spain. The Spanish war was a civil war, and its fundamental character was not changed by Italian, Russian, German, French and miscellaneous international intervention.

Jefferson Set Precedent American practice in such mat-

ters pretty closely follows the policy|:

established by Thomas : Jefferson.

His rule was to extend recognition|: to any defacto government able to|:

maintain order without undue

violence and which seemed to rep-|#

resent a majority of the people. As Secretary of State in 1793, Mr. Jefferson promptly recognized the French Republic after the Revolution. “We surely cannot deny to any nation,” he said at the time, “that right whereon our own Government is founded. Everyone may govern itself according to whatever form it pleases, and change these forms at will.” : President Wilson, however, slightly altered this policy. Because of frequent revolts in Mexico, Central and South America, he determined to withhold recognition from gecvernments which had come into

’

the preceding regime, refused to recognize the Hu Government in Mexico on tha

ground. : He President Wilson, on the other hand, recognized the Governmen of Prince Lvov, at Petrograd, with=

Tsar Nicholas II in 1917. Russia Long Unrecognized Communist Russia, however, went

son, Harding, Coolidge and Hoover. It was not until 1933, under President Franklin D. Roosevelt, that normal diplomatic relations were re-established. . The chief reason cited was that the Communists were not disposed to honor international commitments. Nevertheless, and despite infree quent variations for specific reasons, the position of the United States remains today as Jefferson slated it in the days of Washington. . Briefly the kind of Govern-

is none of our business. Recogninition, of itself, connotes neither approval nor disapproval.

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