Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 11 February 1939 — Page 9

]

/ if equal

agabon dl

Yes ; i + From Indiana=—Ernie Pyle

He Renews Old Friendship With Oll Staats, Dana, Ind. Farmer, Now: 93, but Still in Fine Fettle.’

ST PETERSBURG, ‘Fla., Feb. 11.—There

was a message at the hotel to call a Mr. Staats. * Who could that be, I wondered? The only Staats I ever knew lived down the road from us in Indiana when I was a boy, and he must have been dead for years. SE But I called the number and the voice on the other end said-right away, “Are you the boy who

used to live at home?” Then I knew that Oll Staats wasn’t dead. For who but somebody from Dana, Ind., would say, without even identifying himself, “Are you the boy who used to live at home?” So I said I sure was, and then I got in the car and went out to his address. He was sitting in the yard under a tree. I recognized him right away. He got up and walked out to meet me. We shook hands and he said: “Ernest, I'd a knowed you anywhere in the world.” : I don’t think I had seen ‘him for 20 years. He lived a mile and a half east of us, and owned a big fruit farm. He always had “J. .O. Staats” on his fruit boxes, but his name was Oliver and everybody called him Oll Staats. He was considered rather a gay fellow. He was pretty well-to-do, and being a fruit farmer he didn’t 80 around in overalls and gum boots. He owned the first automobile in our part of the country, a one-cylinder Ren. He always wore a linen cap when he drove, and I believe he was one of the few men in our parts to drive in gloves. “Mr. Staats,” I said, “youre sure, looking mighty good. How old are you now?” -- Oll Staats beamed under his sportish gray hat. “Next week I'll be 93. Theyre going to give me a:big birthday party out on a boat. There'll be about 50 people there. Doggonit, I wish you could stay over.” x ; - Oll Staats was always a sort of modern fellow around home, and I guess he still is. At 93 he sees and hears as well as I do. His speech is firm, and his mind doesn’t jump. He isn’t sick, and he has no aches. He enjoys living. His wife, Em, died 20 years ago. ‘He has been coming to St. Petersburg for five winters. He has a room on the first floor of a house, and walks the 10 blocks or so downtown most every ay. “Do you like it here?” I asked him. ; ~~ “Oh, I sure do,” he said. “Seems like I know nearly everybody in town. Half of them I don’t even know their names, but I talk to them all the time. And every time I see an Indiana car on the street I80 up and talk to them.

.He Has a Swell Time

“I go down to the park and listen to the band concerts. And I belong to the Three-Quarter-Century Club, and once in a while I give ‘em a funny speech and they like it. I'm the only man in the club who can spell his name the same forwards or backwards. ..“One day the chairman got up and waved a $5 bill and said he'd give it to anybody who can guess my age. And do you know what the highest guess was? It was 85.” Oll Staats said: “Ernest, how are you doing in your work?” I told him I guessed I was doing all right. And. then he said: “You know, I've been reading about that South American trip every day, but I never once looked at the name to see who it was. I never would ‘have found it out if I hadn’t seen your picture in the paper today. “So I told ’em out here I knowed that boy when he was born. They said aw, you've got him mixed up with somebody else. So I said no I haven't, I'm Just gonna call up the hotel and see. So I did.”. - --“I sure do like it down here,” he said. “But oh I tell you, along about May I just get so homesick for Indiana I can hardly stand it.” : So then he packs up and goes back to what has been his home for nearly a century—the J. O. Staats Fruit Farm—just, down the road a ways from us,

My Day By Mrs. Eleanor Roosevelt

Correction of Physical Conditions Aids Farm Rehabilitation Average.

EW YORK, Friday.—The meeting of the farm security people on Wednesday was interesting to me for a special reason. Only the day before one of our Democratic leaders who has years of experience and of wisdom behind him, made the statement to me that he thought 20 per cent of our population could never be rehabilitated. ; : __ This struck me as extraordinarily high, so I asked these men who are dealing with a group which undoubtedly has such a hard time that one would not expect much idealism or initiative to survive what their percentage of failures had been. They told me that about 10 per cent do not make good. On reexamination of that 10 per cent they frequently found that physical conditions are such that it would be impossible for them to make good and when these conditions are remedied they frequently rehabilitate five out of the 10 per cent. : One man told me the story of a family where the total value of everything the family owned, including their clothes, was $5 when they were first taken on.

| . At'the end of two years they were worth more than

$400. The significance of this should be recognized by the country, for it isn’t just one family which is salvaged, it means that our national income is raised and the increased buying power will help the industrial worker as well as the farmer.

Young Southerners Meet:

On Wednesday evening I had the Privilege of at- . fending an organization meeting of the Council of * Young Southerners. To this meeting they had invited many of their Southern Senators and Congressmen and other leaders. I think all of us who belong to the older generation were impressed by the clear thinking and courage of this group of young people, but I kept thinking to myself how easy it would be to carry out plans and programs if one could always meet together in the spirit in which the meeting was conducted on Wednesday night. I felt there was no antagonism there, but a great desire to co-operate. I came up to New York City yesterday afternoon . with my brother by plane, and am returning on the night train after dining with the P. E. N. Club, and attending the New York newspaperwomen’s ball.

Day-by-Day Science

By Science Service . : : “g\NE man is just as good as another—and sometimes more so.” This famous Irish bull is ' brought to mind by a 10-year research just completed by Dr. F. L. Wells of Boston Psychopathic Hospital in which he found how different men are, one from another, in ability to profit by experience and in ability to transfer learning from one sphere to another. Equal opportunity by no means insures equal “|achievement, Dr. Wells concluded from his study hich is summarized in the forthcoming issue of the ‘American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, Comparing intellectual endowment with money in savings account, Dr. Wells said: “Let pupil A have $10 on deposit; pupil B, $20. Alhough each account has the same ‘opportunity’ B’s account will increase twice as fast as A’s. The longer his equality of opportunity operates, the greater will

2 the disparity. “Similarly, if B has a superior intellectual ‘endowment’ he mush, given equal learning conditions, increase it faster nh A. Just as his learning would ccelerate if starting equally, he learned at the higher interest-rate of a better school. | “Equality of opportunity can mean‘equality of de_yelopment only if the endowments at the starting. point are the same. . That they are mentally far from ng so ‘when school years are reached is common ledge. How far this difference would level out ‘opportunities’ existed from birth, is much disy extremists have claimed, in effect, that

nel 5 ai

SATURDAY, FEBRU

What Next for Spain?

ARY 11, 1939

Powers Jockey for Advantage in War-T orn Peninsu la

‘By E.R. R. THE fall of Barcelona to Gen. Franco's Rebel forces and the seizure of

all of Catalonia has de--

prived the Spanish Loyalists of a great industrial stronghold and is the pre,lude, most observers believe, to the Government’s

final collapse. While Madrid

“and a considerable section of territory extending from the center of Spain to the Mediterranean remain in

the hands of the Loyalists,

it is thought they lack the supplies and materials to hold out much longer against the Rebels.

As the Spanish Civil War thus appears to be drawing to a close,

there . are general fears: that Eurepe is about to be confronted “by a new crisis precipitated by .

Italian demands on France. It is expected that while Italian troops are still in Spain, in a position to threaten France's Pyrenees frontier and her communications with North Africa, Mussolini will seek to match Hitler’s Munich triumph by putting pressure on Paris to obtain concessions for Italy. The French Government, meanwhile, has indicated its determination to stand firm. ; From ' the beginning of the ‘Spanish civil war in July, 1936, there has been apprehension lest a Rebel victory result in German and Italian domination of Spain and also of Portugal. Such an eventuality would menace the empire communications of Britain and France and, by virtually encircling France with Fascist forces, tend to give Herr Hitler a free hand in eastern Europe, . Control of the Iberian Peninsula by the Rome-Berlin axis would also, it has been observed, provide the totalitarian powers with a convenient base for intensified activities in Latin America. Spain and Portugal are the mother countries of the Latin American states and the source of their culture, while the Spanish and Portuguese islands in the Atlantic are stepping ‘stones to South America. At the same time, it has been pointed out that ‘the Spanish people are strong individualists, who in the past have shown themselves little disposed to adopt foreign political ideas or ta submit to foreign “interference in their affairs. In particular, the Spanish Army, although admiring German military genius, has had little liking for Italy or Italians. Gen. Franco nevertheless must undoubtedly compensate Mussolini and Hitler for the aid they

"have extended him. Even if no

territorial concessions are asked

. or granted, Spain can be of great

economic service to Germany and Italy by supplying those countries with needed raw materials

and by aligning her economy

with theirs. The result of such a development would greatly strengthen the axis at the expense of the democratic powers. ” 2 ”

RRESPECTIVE of its interna-

tional effects, a military victory by Gen. Franco cannot be expected. to end Spain’s internal strife. Ever since King Alfonso was turned out in 1931, an active struggle has been going on in that country between the privileged classes—composed principally of the great Jandlords, the church and the ar and the masses of workers and landless peasants. " While the Rebels have had the support of the privileged classes in the civil war, even Franco has recognized that Spain must undergo a process of social and economic reconstruction. Reactionaries among his supporters may be expected to resist some of his reforms, and the reforms he undertakes will doubtless not go ‘far enough fo satisfy Left elements which, in addition, will be embittered by their loss of the war. The Left itself, moreover, is divided into numerous groups with

‘a8 Second-Class Matter

PORTUGAL

BAY OF BISCAY

GIJON

Besieged since Oct. 21, ‘36

Revolt started July 18, ‘36

BILBAO | June, ‘37

Nationalist advance: July, '36-Jan., 39 E224 Nationalist drive in Jan, ‘39 (ZZ Territory held by Loyalists:

'San Sebastian Fo

R - FRANCE

recaptured, 3 Feb., 38

nea

AFRICA

MEDITERRANEAN A :

Puivxerda rr Barcelona-| Ar . x sero Puivxerda | 31 Highwo

BALEARICS.

50 100 150

Scale of Miles

With the seizare of all of Catalonia, following. the fall of Barcelona,

Rebel control bas been extended to all of northern Spain.

The map

shows the dates of fall of major cities before the drive of Gen. Franco's

widely differing - political and social philosophies, . Virtual control of Spain by the axis powers- would menace Britain’s empire communications through the Mediterranean and France’s communications with her possessions in North Africa. Such a condition, moreover, would place a potential enemy on the Pyrenees frontier of France and enable the axis to threaten that country from three sides. : ; 8 2 =n UCH fears have persisted despite Sig. Mussolini's written pledge to Great Britain in the gentlemen’s agreement of Jan. 2, 1937, which was reaffirmed in the Anglo-Italian accord of April 16, 1938, that Italy would respect the territorial status quo in the Mediterranean. And there is immediate concern lest Sig. Mussolini, after the war is over, refuses to withdraw his “oops from Spain until he has obtained satisfaction of his current demands on France. In fact, there is general fear that : at the first opportunity Il Duce will seek to match Herr Hitler's Munich triumph by utilizing his position in Spain to press for Italian gains at the expense of France. Gen. Franco declared in a radio broadcast Jan. 6, 1939, that

he would resist any attempt by foreign powers to infringe upon Spain’s territorial integrity. Com-: pensation for the aid given him

by Germany and Italy, however, can be made in other ways no less disadvantageous to the interests of other powers. A former Madrid newspaperman has pointed out: “It is not a question of mutilating Spain by taking any portion of her territory, of attacking her economy, or robbing her of colonies and protectorates. Rather the contrary is true; it is a question of Spain being strong. The stronger she is, the more effectively can she serve the destiny which the leader will impose on her. And that destiny is none other than to dedicate her entirely to the imperialist adventure of the totalitarian countries which aim at winning the hegemony of Europe and of the world. : “The mortgage of Germany. and Italy is not on|a few mines or islands. That would be a ruinous business. Their mortgage is on the future of a whole people condemned to fight tomormdw against their me allies. That

is Franco's work. The only reason for his existence.” 2 8

ATR a recent visit to Italy, an American observer concluded:

“Itali and ‘German

‘troops. Barcelona was the key to Gen. Franco’s conquest of the heavily shaded arcas in the northeast corner complete occupation of which was

effected yesterday.

business have established themselves so strongly in Spain that their governments cannot afford to withdraw. Spain has become a necessary source of raw materials and a fruitful field of commercial development for these two states. . . .” It is reported that Gen. Franeo’s control of rich Spanish iron ore resources already has been of great advantage to Germany and Italy in prosecution of their armament :programs. . : Notwithstanding . such predictions, it has been the view of certain groups in France and Britain that the intense individualism of the Spanish people would save ‘Spain from foreign domination no matter which side won. ~ : In this connection it may be recalled that when Napoleon placed his brother Joseph on the throne of Spain in 1808, the Spaniards revolted . against the foreign monarch whom they regarded as an intruder, and eventually, with the help of the English, drove him from the country. In the first year of the present civil war, Gen. Franco had to contend with resentment among his officers over the prominent role being played by the Italians in Spain. - A Spanish commentator has observed that the Spanish army has no affection for Italy, but at the same time he points out that it has strong admiration for Ger-

. . . - : Decline in Czech Science Follows Nazis’

Seizure of Sudetenland,

ONDON, Feb. 11.—Scientific research and education in Czechoslovakia are threatened with serious damage as a result of the Nazi seizure of the Sudeten territories last fall. Paradoxically, the harm threatens to fall on the work of the German University in Praha no less

than on that of Charles University, |

whiere Czech was the language of instruction. The situation in the universities and technical institutions of the partitioned republic is reviewed in the science weekly, Nature, pub-

s Claim

The German University in Praha, which was separated from the Uni-

n for being, Dr. The. German-

joined to the Reich, so that its onetime students ar

status implies in present-day Europe. “It has been reported that the German University will continue with support from Germany,” states Dr, Druce, “but. this seems doubtful, since those professors with Nazi

sympathies have left. The others include some who cannot be regarded as Aryans,

“Another proposal is that the University should remove to Reichenberg (Liberec) or some other town in the ceded territory, but this proposal also has its difficulties.” The outlook for the 28 institutions of university rank in Czechoslovakia, as well as. for Czech scientific publications and societies, is reported as very serious. Some of them will doubtless have to suspend activities unless they can secure assistance from abroad.

. astic,

many. He accordingly concludes that “in the long run the power which a few hundred German technicians now exercise in Nationalist Spain will be much more

effective than that of the Italian

divisions which, led by their own generals, advance as conquerors over the territory of Spain.” There may be nevertheless certain impediments to Herr Hitler's utilization of a Franco victory to promote the imperialistic designs of Germany. : . ” z EJ “ NE of the strongest, perhaps the strongest, is the" antiChristian feeling of the Third Reich which grows more -accent= uated every day. Catholicism is perhaps the only thing that can

divert the Spaniards from the |

trajectory of German imperial ism. If Herr Hitler joins battle with the Vatican, his maneuvers in Spain inevitably will fail,” according to an observer. He continues: “Another obstacle for German influence would be precisely the

propagation of National Socialist

theories in Spain. If the Spanish Germanophiles came to know exactly the real nature of the Hitler regime, their Germanophilia would be decidedly less enthusiBut Germ policy in Spain is extremely prudent. Herr Hitler will not make the mistake of trying to Nazify the Spaniards.” Whether or not Germany and Italy can deal successfully with Spanish individualism, a Nationalist regime is likely to have trouble with particularist elements in Spain. Regionalism always has been strong in Catalonia, which was granted autonomy by the republican government in 1932. After the outbreak of the civil war the Cortes extended autonomy to the Basque provinces, and in

- their 13 points the Loyalists prom-

ised to respect regional liberties. Gen. Franco's Phalangists, on the other hand, have denounced regional separatism as a crime. Past history indicates that at least the Catalans will not submit meekly to dictation by a totalitarian central government.

Side Glances

lished here, by Dr. A. Gerald Druce.

1939 BY NEA SERVICE, ING. T. M..

"Gifford can't relax for worrying about whether his. |

5 - "My.

A x ie + « por > i: I 4 -

—tsud.

hushiand ‘writes 100. much: about

Everyday Movies—By Wortman

TEST YOUR | KNOWLEDGE

1—What is copra? 2—What became of the Balkan kingdom of Montenegro? 3—Has the moon an atmosphere?

. 4—Why are jewels used in

watches? .5—Where is the resting place of the British Unknown Sol-

dier? : 6—Name the last tsar of Rus-

sia, ' ’ 7—In the U. S. what is internal revenue? 2 8 =

Answers

_ 1—The dried kernel: of the coco--

nut. ; 2—1t was absorbed into the new . kingdom of Yugoslavia after the World War. 3—No. ia : 4—On account of their hardness: and resistance to wear. : SeWestninster ‘Abbey, in Lone n, 6—Nicholas II. 7—Revenue obtained by the U. 8. Government from other sources than imports. : 8 = = \

~ ASK THE TIMES

Inclose a 3-ceat stamp for

reply when addressing

any question of fact or information to The Indianapolis Times ‘Washington ~ Service Bureau, 1013 13th St, N. W., Washington, D.C. Legal and medical

1 at Washington. The trip was in

Eatered at Postoffice, Indianapolis, Ind.

Our Town By Anton Scherrer

Lincoln Arrived Here 78 Years Ago On Way to Inaugural and Received . - Great Welcome From Hoosiers

QEVENTY-EIGHT years ago today, Abra

Everybody is pretty well agreed as to that, What everybody isn’t so sure about is what he did with his time after he got here.

The question, for instance, whether Lincoln spoke from a balcony on the east or south

withstanding: the fact that the bronze tablet on the

| Claypool Hotel is pretty sure about

it. Nor is it at all certain that Lincoln uttered the words recorded on he tablet where the tablet says I's | did. This much is’ certain, however: | . Abraham Lincoln, having been | elected 16th President of the United States on Nov. 6, 1860, left Springfield, Ill, on the morning of Feb. 11, 1861, to assume his duties | | Mr. Scherrer the nature of a triumphal tour. At Stateline, a station on the boundary of Indiana and Illinois, he was met by joint committees appointed by the Legislature and welcomed to the State in a speech by Gen. George. X. Steele. ' At Lafayette, there was another stop to permit the brakemen to switch the Great Western train to the Indianapolis and Cine cinnati road. While the brakemen were busy, Line coln made a speech. Sometime around 5 o'clock that evening, the train pulled into Indianapolis. At this point, historians begin to wobble. One: version has it that coln’s train didn’t pull in at the Union Depot at all, but came to a dead stop on Washington St. and that it was there, and not at the Bates House, that Lincoln said: “I appeal to you to constantly bear in mind that with you, and not with politicians, not with Presidents, not with those seekers, but with you is the question: ‘Shall the Union and shall the liberties of the country be preserved to the latest generations?’ ” Having uttered these unforgettable words which were in response to Governor Morton’s speech of wel come, this version has it that Lincoln was escorted to a carriage drawn by four white horses decorated with plumes and Union cockades. .It headed the parade which moved east toward the Bates House. | With ‘Mr. Lincoln in his carriage were Governor Morton,

| Mayor Maxwell and Gen. Steele. Considerably peeved

the next day, The Journal remarked that “most of the carriages prepared for Mr. Lincoln’s suite were

of those who came with Mr, Lincoln, including his son Robert, to walk to the Bates House with their carpet bags.”

He Held Open House

The parade having reached the Bates House, Line coln appeared on one of the balconies to address one of the biggest crowds ever gathered at the corner of Washington and Illinois Sts. Which, of course, raises two questions (1) Which balcony, and (2) what in the world did he say after he got on the balcony. The Journal,- reporting the event, said it was “a south balcony,” thus vindicating the tablet on the Claypool. On the other hand, Col. W. R. Holloway and O. W. Smith who heard every word of the speech insisted to their dying days that Lincoln stood on a balcony facing Illinois St. ~And there you are. | As for the speech delivered at the Bates House that evening, many historians believe it was one he had prepared in Springfield and intended as an address to the Indiana Legislature. For some reason, he never got to the Legislature. nici Th After supper, Mr. Lincoln received. the members of the Legislature and an hour later (8:30 p. m.), the public was admitted. Lincoln spent the night at the Bates House. Next morning when he woke up, he was 2 year older. It was the anniversary of his 52d birthe ye .

Jane Jordan— Bride Told She Needn't Put Up With

Antisocial Attitude of Husband.

EAR JANE JORDAN—I am 22 years old and have been married six months to a man two years my senior. We are buying our home and I have kept my position. I am very proud of our home and would like to have our friends visit us and share our happiness, but my husband does not like company. : At first I thought he was jealous of the young peoe ple, hut I find that he acts the same if either of our parents visit us. He has gone so far as to leave the house while we had guests and not return until after they had gone. Before we married I enjoyed dancing, but since our marriage we have been to only three dances and I had to beg him to go to all of them. He has no cause to be jealous of me as I married him because I loved him, This constant bickering and fault-finding has led me to believe that he no longer cares for me. I have lost weight and find I can’t give my work at the office the careful attention that is expected of me. . Mother has been so worried about me that she has insisted on taking me to our family physician for a tonic to build me up. I cculdn’t tell her my illness was the result of a jealous husband, as we promised each other we would settle our troubles without the aid of our parents. I am afraid to talk for fear of saying something to cause his temper to flare up. Please believe me when I say he never showed any signs of jealousy before our wedding. Do you think he will ever be any different? A WIFE.

band suffers from jealousy or not. You say he is the same when your parents, or his, are calling. Does he accuse you of neglecting him for your company? How does he account for such abnormal behavior? You mention nothing at all except his antisocial attitude. It would be enlightening to know how he rationalizes his extraordinary actions. - : ol Of course I don’t know what ails your husband, All I know is that he is a bridegroom of six months and that he doesn’t like people to come to his house, not even his parents. This is not a natural reaction but a symptom of something gone wrong in his pere sonality. My guess is that the trait didn’t bob up for the first time since his marriage, but that antisocial tendencies could be traced far back into his childhood. In other words, he has lived with his own suspicious, unfriendly feelings for a long, long: time. «5 ia Well, you can’t live like this, You must have it out with him, temper or no temper. You'll have tell your parents the facts, for this is no silly spat. It's a real menace to any sort of a normal married life. You haven't the strength to stand year in and year out, and why should you? He i the one who is wrong—not you. = JANE JORDAN, wa Serkan sant JOU Jroblems 10 3, Jenier to Jape Jurtam who

New Books Today Public Library Presents— | EMOCRACY, says Max Lerner, must move ward boldly, confident in its aims and ¥ in its advance. But to do this, democracy must : realize what, if it is to survive, these aims must k Such a definition of aims, and a discussion of way toward attainment, is Mr, Lerner’s IT IS THAN YOU THINK (Viking Press). The come, he says, when the

side of the Bates House has never been ‘settled, note

ham Lincoln stopped off in Indianapolis.

taken possession of by outsiders compelling’ many -

‘os 8 5» = \ : Answer—But you don’t know whether your huse