Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 3 February 1939 — Page 5

SCIENCE HOPES FOR RELEASE OF + ATOMIC POWER

Physicists Assure Public Tests Will Not Blow World to Bits.

' By WATSON DAVIS (Copyright, 1939. by Science Service)

{ ‘WASHINGTON, Feb. 3.—Is the : world standing on the brink of the

‘ * release of atomic power? ‘This question is paramount inj

| scientific circles, following confirma-

* tion in several laboratories of the,

extraordinary release of atomic energy from the splitting of the uranium atom. Perhaps these experiments are more important than even the discovery of radioactivity itseif. First of all, the physicists are anxious that there be no public alarm over the possibility of the - world being blown to bits by their experiments. Writers and dramatists (H. G. Wells’ scientific fantasies, the play “Wings Over Europe,” and J. B. Priestley’s current novel, “Domsday men,”) have overemphasized this idea. While they are proceeding wilh their experiments with proper caution, they feel that there is no real

danger except perhaps in their own|

laboratories. What is the new experiment that is so exciting?

Uranium, Energy Released

Uranium, heaviest of stable elements and a sort of granddaddy among the radioactive elements that slowly disintegrate spontaneously, has been split with great re-

lease of energy. And the atomsplitting agency is the neutron, the electrically neutral particle discovered only seven years ago, itself a part of the hearts of atoms. Bombard uranium with neutrons, even those with only a fraction of an electron-volt of energy, and its nucleus will split and give off millions upon millions of eltron-volts . of enery, up to 100,000,000 volts in actual ‘experiments and some 200,000,000 volts theoretrically. Of course, it is not nearly ‘so simple as this sounds, for their is the matter of producing the neutrons and arranging it so they hit frequently enough to make the Process efficient, which it is not as ye But the energy release is astoundingly high, nevertheless, since the greatest release of tomic ‘energy hitherto achieved consisted of 20,000,000 electron-volt gamma rays, obtained when deuterons, hearts of heavy hydrogen atoms, are smashed into lithium, a light metal. Incidentally, neutrons are given off at the same time and it is these ‘neutrons that can be used to split uranium.

Credit to Berlin Professor

Neutrons slide into the nuclei of elements easily and for that reason the energy-releasing bombardment ‘to be sufficient would probably need to be performed upon very pure substances, such as seldom exist now. This is probably the reason why the ‘effect was not discovered accident-| “ally, perhaps through a laboratory explosion. This latest chapter of physics began in its immediate phases with researches in Berlin by Prof. Otto Hahn. He observed the strange action of uranium under neutron bombardment but could not quite account for it. Dr. Liese Meitner, long associated with Prof. Hahn, and Dr. R. Frisch of Copenhagen, suggested the idea of uranium splitting into other elements, which although unheard of previously proved to be the case. Ironically, Dr. Meitner is now an intellectual refugee from Germany. She is temporarily working in Stockholm, Convinced of the reality of the energy release from uranium, there will be a great rush to complete science’s - current mystery problem. Neutrons will be turned—are being turned this moment—upon other heavy elements. Perhaps some even cheaper element will yield such engev. But urnaium costs only a ew dollars a pound.

ONE HURT IN THREE TRAFFIC ACCIDENTS

Bedford © Doctor Remains In Critical Condition.

One person was slightly injured in three auto accidents reported to police in the last 24 hours. During the same period police ar"rested 42 persons on charges of traffic law violations. Charles Fruits, 58, of 2129 Conrad Ave., was injured when his car collided with one driven by Thomas Bailey, R. R. 9, Box 47B, in the 4700 block Southeastern Ave. Margaret Kelley, 12, of 1236 Cen.tral Ave., was uninjured when she was knocked from her bicycle at 10th and Pennsylvania Sts. Police were told she rode her bicycle into the side of a car.

The condition of Dr. John Wool-|

ery, Bedford physician, remained critical at Methodist Hospital. He was injured when his car struck a truck Wednesday night near Indiapolis. The condition of Herbert eorge, 19, his driver, was described 3 serious serious at City Hospital.

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“Dr. Frank D. Slutz of Dayton, O., author and educational adviser, will speak Sunday at the Y. M. C. A. Big Meeting at Keith’s Theater. The meeting will start at 3 p. m. Dr. Slutz will speak on “What a Country. » The Arthur Jordan Conservatory Brass Choir will present a half hour concert as a part of the program. Robert Harper will be director.

AF. L. WOOING TEXTILE GROUP

Considers Re-establishing Charter for Unit Ousted Year Ago.

MIAMI, Fla., Feb. 3 (U. P.).—The Executive Council of the A. F. of L. may not act today on plans for a membership drive in the textile industry. William Green, president, said the council would consider the question of re-establishing a textile wn charter. The impetus for such action was a_ Rhole Island court decision which NJeld the C. I. O. Textile Workers Organizing Committee improperly constituted. The United Textile Workers, an A. FP. of L. union until expelled here a year ago by the council for joining John L. Lewis’ C. I. O. was taken over by two in the C. I. O. After the Rhode Island court ruling, Francis Gorman, president of U. T. W. called on his membership to return to the A. F. of L. Mr. Gorman claimed the court ruling meant the U., T. W. affiliation with C. I. O. was invalid, T. W. O. C. ousted Mr. Gorman from its Advis-~ ory Council. Mr. Green did not indicate what the council’s approach to the textile question might be. He said merely that the council would consider “re-establishing a textile workers charter.”

Federation Planned However, a group of southern A. F. of L. leaders are here with plans completed for a Southern Cotton Textile Federation to seek membership - among textile employees in the Southern states if the A. F. of L. charter is issued: There still remained before the council,” Mr. Green said, a number of hearings involving jurisdictional questions. . But its docket of secondary matter was gradually being cleared for action on Major problems, including a discussion of the A. F. of L.-C. I. O. strife and possibly a study of peace moves. Suggestions also have been made to organize a strong A. F. of L. union in the auto industry; where C. I. Os United Automobile Workers Union has been experiencing dissension.

11 ON DISABLED TUG AND SCOW RESCUED

FRANKFORT, Mich., Feb. 3 (U. P.)—Coast Guardsmen ‘rescued the 11 crew members of a disabled tugboat and a runaway scow on Lake Michigan late last night after they had battled mountainous waves and heavy gales more than 30 hours. The cutter Antietam was pushing through pounding waves early today toward Manitowoc, Wis., with the tug in tow. Aboard were nine of the crew members. Two others were rescued three miles south of Frankfort after the scow had carried them onto an ice-coated breakwater. One of them was being treated for a fractured ankle.

FOUR ACCUSED OF FRAUDS KANSAS CITY, Mo., Feb. 3 (U. P.) .—Four officials of the James K. Walker Real Estate Co. were indicted today by the Federal grand jury on 12 counts of fraud in which they allegedly took money from persons seeking FHA loans, then failed to secure the loans.

WORKER FACES DEATH

MOSCOW, Feb. 3 (U. P.).—S. V. Morosev, worker in an artificial

leather factory, was under sentence|

of death today for beating his foreman with a tool when the foreman discharged him for infraction of labor discipline rules. The foreman was injured severely.

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