Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 25 January 1939 — Page 9

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From Indiana—=Ernie Pyle

~~ Behind the Wheel Again! And It's A Grand Sensation as Car Travels The Overseas Highway to Key West.

EY WEST, Fla., Jan. 25.—We have just

driven over that much-publicized new Overseas Highway to this much-publicized * town of Key, West. So 1 shall tell you

about it.

- To be thoroughly chronological, I must first describe the joy of getting behind the wheel of an automobile again. Of course the sensation isn’t the same for you,

because you drive all the time. But our car has been in storage three months, and we've been traveling exclusively by airplane, cable railway, ox-cart and dugout canoe, to put it mildly. \ Now I love to drive automobiles. I never get tired of driving. And these times when I sit again at the wheel of our car, after being away from it for months, are very close to being the high points of my whole year. . I think one reason we love the car so much is that we are isola- : ¥ tionists at heart. Once in that car and under way, we don’t have to talk fo anybody, keep up with events, worry about Hitler, answer letters, remember things, or grudingly fit ourselves into other people’s worlds. We are alone, and free. Of course we love our fellow man. . .. But! . At any rate, it is 173 miles from- Miami to Key West. . It takes about four hours. On the last half of the trip you are over, or very close to, water all the time. The last half is across a string of keys. A Key, you know, is a small island. They form stepping stones, you might say. Key West is on the end of the string. : © For many years a railroad connected the mainland with Key West. But much of the railroad was blown and washed away in the big hurricane of 1935. They decided ' not to rebuild it. Instead, they used the

Mr. Pyle

bridges, and built a highway across them.

I have read, and no doubt you have read, a lot about this new highway. “Going to Sea on Wheels,” and things like that. It is supposed to be one of the 1000 Wonders of the World. Well, such. a highway seems fo me a perfectly logical thing. Ana I am sure we all -have seen ‘engineering accomplishments more difficult and more astounding. . And yet, I recommend that drive in a loud and pleading voice. Not because it’ is spectacular—but because it is so peaceful. : Longest Bridge Seven Miles ‘ We have made a quick week-end trip to Miami and back. That means we have driven this road three times. We fell more in love with it each time. 1 ‘don’t know how many islands or keys there are on this road. A couple of ‘dozen. or maybe more. Some are so big you can’t see across them. Others are so little you could throw a stone clear around them (if your wing is that good). Across the islands, the road is laid on the ground, like any other road. Between islands, it runs on pridges. Some are old wooden ones, and the boards

rattle as you drive across. Others are new, with bright

fresh concrete railings and excellent, surfaces. You actually drive on land much more than you do across water. 2 . ; The longest bridge is seven miles. Out in the middle, you are almost out of sight of land. You can steamers on the horizon. And many fishing boats. : But you, E at least I, never have that feeling that you're far out at sea. No sinking feeling, as though you might fall off the bridge and drown. iin The new part of the road, totaling about 40 miles, is toll. It costs a dollartfor car and driver. And a

+ Quarter for each additional passenger.

This new road was epened last, July. Before that, you. had to make long ferry jumps, and it took you all day to get from Miami to Key West. But now you can drive down here, look around this Southern-most city in the United States and be disappointed, and drive back to Miami, all in one day. Such is progress.

My Diary

By Mrs. Eleanor Roosevelt

Peace Parley Sets Record for Attendance Despite War. Threats

ASHINGTON, Tuesday—It is a great tribute to Mrs. Carrie Chapman Catt and Miss Josephine schain that the Cause and Cure of War Conference this ‘year is better attended than ever before. One might expect women to feel that the world was so filled with wars it would be useless to discuss ways and means for preventing them in the future. Lady Ldtham, whose English organization corresponds to our group, made a courageous speech, and a representative from France, who is allied with Lord Robert Cecil's peace group, also spoke with great ardor. I fear, however, that in some cases his de-

sire for a hopeful outlook outran his real basis of"

facts, but that is apt to happen to us all. I went to bed fairly early last night and read the last installment of Mrs. Woodrow Wilson’s- memoirs. 'I find the editor’s notes, which skip over what you lfeel. must be interesting reading, a little disconcertling. I suppose this is done to keep more of the interest for the book, which will appear later. In this last installm-nt, Mrs. Wilson describes some of the most interesting events in the history of our times. It must be a temendously stirring thing to go over these éxperiences and try to describe them so that the things of real significance stand out.

A Peaceful Morning

This has been a rather peaceful morning, broken only by a press conference. at 11 o'clock at which Miss Erna Ferguson was present. She told me something of the plans for the festival to be held in New Mexico during the summer of 1940. This festival will celebrate the establishment of the first white man’s settlement and there should be much of great interest to everyone in the country. Another lady ‘came to lunch to discuss ways and * means of giving more people a sense of security in the air. A number of people will say to you: “Oh, no, 1 have never flown. I wouldn't dare leave the ground,” and I always think of the people who undoubtedly felt that way about their first train trip. The other day I saw all the dire prophecies which were made about what would happen to agriculture because of the speed of those terrible first trains which traveled at 20 miles per hour! There was a similar feeling about automobiles. Accidents arc bound to happen in all transportation.

f V

Day-by-Day Science By Science Service oi | HE Nile flood of 1938 was exceptionally high. It 1 is believed the highest in 40 years. The curious thing about that—if you pause to con-

‘sider—is that there should be doubt as to what is a

record-breaking overflowing of the Nile. Why, for thousands of years, the rise of the Nile has been the greatest reality in Egypt's welfare, No records? Incredible! . Actually, there have been records. : Even in ancient Egypt, certain priests had Nile‘meters in their mysterious precincts. This Nile-meter building had a reservoir in a central court. As the Nile began to rise in July, priests recorded the height of water in the reservoir for two months, so as to report to the wondering people the revelations fram the river god. > ~ A strange incident occurred at this Nile-meter, when Christians in the fourth century A. D. took refuge there during religious strife. They left inscriptions and drawings on the walls. And they took over, apparently, the duty of forecasting the flood. They remained nearly a century. ; : of available records indicate that in the last 70 years the Nile has had a high term of 30

“years followed by 40 low years. But, scientists point : do not know whether the Nile is entering Ei [10 B ] ’ from |

Section

Jew, Catholic And Protestant

Feel Lash of Nazi Scorn

(Monday is the sixth anniversary of Adolf Hitler's rise to power in Germany. Following is another of the dispatches prepared by members of the United Press staff in Berlin designed to clarify what has happened in the Reich. This dispatch,” the third, concerns the Nazi attitude toward Protestant, Catholic and Jewish groups.)

By Edward W. Beattie

United Press Staff Correspondent

ERLIN, Jan. 25.— Fuehrer Adolf Hitler has been’ in conflict with Catholics, Protestants and Jews during six years of Nazi rule in Germany. These conflicts are still in progress as the Nazis approach the sixth anniversary of their rise to power in the Reich, and, because of international repercussions, form a major

world problem for 1939. The Nazi anti-Semitic program is designed to.control more than

prevent them from transferring their wealth abroad. It has re-

migration of thousands of Jews, the imprisonment of others and in the formation of an interGovernmental refugee committee which is negotiating “with Germany for permission for emigrants to remove a greater amount of property. Conflict between Nazis and the Protestant Church has resulted in a series of decrees placing church finances under Government control’ and church administration under a Government “chancellery.” : The Nazi Government: has dissolved Catholic youth organizations and Catholic confessional schools in parts of the Reich. Pope Pius protested against these acts as contrary to the spirit of the concordat which the Vatican signed with Hitler in 1933 estab‘lishing the rights of the church in Germany. All of the gbove was not done without a struggle conducted with varying success on both sides. Protestant churchmen, for instance, vigorously protested "against the Nazis’ attempt at remodeling teaching and worship in the Evangelical Church to conform’ to Nazi Party doctrine.

a8 8 =

IRST, the Nazis claimed .a triumph by an election in which Hitler and the Nazi Party sided with the “German Christians.” The Army chaplain, Ludwig Mueller, Hitler's friend, became Reich Bishop. \Orthodox Protestant churchmen organized resistance. A section of the Protestant clergy, united: -in | the “Confessional League,” regused to recognize Bishop Mueller’s authority. Bishop Mueller never was able to control the church and was later dropped. Nazis, however, proceeded to put into effect laws and decrees, placing financial control of the church in the hands of a “church ministry,” headed by Hanns Kerrl. The administration of the church was intrusted to a “church chancellery,” controlled by Kerrl’s ministry, in December, 1937. Since then, Kerrl has been in a position to dismiss any Protestant minister. The Nazis acted against the Rev. Martin Niemoeller, minister in Dahlem-and the leader of the confessional movement in Berlin. He was outspoken in his defense of Protestant tradition. In June, the Rev. Niemoeller was tried for alleged misuse of

propaganda. The court passed a nominal sentence on him and or-

600,000 Jews in Germany and to:

‘sulted in acts of violence,. the

Entered as Second-Class Matter at Postotfice, A Indianspolis. ind.

the pulpit for antigovernment

dered his release. . Nazi secret police, however, sent him to a

concentration camp, where he has remained. :

‘Further illustration of how the

decrees operate came last autumn when about 20 ministers were suspended from office for holding services for peace during the September crisis in Europe. Subjugation of Jews is one .of the aims of Nazi policy: Jews have been opposed in Nazi propaganda as an “alien race” and as exponents of “world bolshevism.”

2 2 2 NTI-JEWISH measures of the Third Reich include disfranchisement, disability to hold office or. to contribute to German cultural life, and prohibition of intermarriage between

Jews and Aryans. ) Anti-Semitism reached ‘a climax last November after a young Polish | Jew shot and Killed a German diplomat, Ernst Vom Rath, in Paris. : During the night of Nov. 9, Jewish shops and apartments were wrecked, and Jewish synagogs burned. Subsequently theusands of Jews were taken to concentration camps. . A collective fine of 400 million dollars, was imposed on German Jewry, and new laws restricted their economic activities in the Reich. The Reich's Jews and ‘“nonAryans” are encouraged to emigrate, but they face difficulties because many countries have closed

_ their- frontiers to immigrants, and

because Nazi regulations prevent emigrants from taking their fortunes with them. : ~The Catholic Church in 1933 strengthened its position by concluding a concordat with Hitler. This concordat guaranteed exist-

ence ‘of © Catholic youth ‘associa-.

tions and other reiigious organi-

3)

many. =

now in a ‘concentration camp.

ices.

religion.

1. These Germans found amusement in the. shops ‘wrecked early in November during the anti-Jewish riots which raged throughout Ger-

2. The Rev. Martin Niemoeller, Protestant churchman, who repeatedly has defied the Nazi Government from his pulpit. He was tried on charges growing out of that opposition and turned loose by the court, but later was taken in custody by Storm Troopers. He is

-3. His Eminence Michael Cardinal Faulhaber, Catholic Archbishop of Munich frequently has raised his voice in protest against Nazi pelThe Cardinal once declared that a Nazi catchword, “service: to the nation is service io God” has been used to turn Germans from

4. His Eminence’ Michael Cardinal Innitzer of Viehna whose : life

was imperiled when rioters stormed the Cardinal's palace in Vienna after the Cardinal had criticized Nazi policies in a ‘sermon. ' ?

_ zations, and Catholic religious ~ instruction” in‘ the "schools.

youth - organizations . were . dissolved and Catholic confessional schools abolished in parts of the Reich. § : : Ao

Protests by the Pope and by

the Catholic clergy in.Germany

Times Special . i

million adherents they claim,

his studies with the warning:

resources in combating it.”

erature. The most important are: SilversShirts. . : : Defenders of the Christian Faith. : 4 : Industrial Defense Association. American Nationalist Confederation. James True Associates.

The German-American Bund,

show.

+ with the church. .. “> i}; Subsequently, however," Catholic . ge

: ANY. Catholics hoped: that

J.-S. Is Advo

EW YORK, Jan. 25.—Cenfirming estimates that there are 800 definitely anti-Jewish organiza- «| tions in this country, and crediting them with perhaps half of the six Dr. Alvin Johnson, director of the New School for Social Research, sums up

“We are dunces if we refuse to face the menace of anti-Semitism, weaklings if we fail to supply our

Some of these organizations are nationwide in their operation, some are regional; but .as he puts. it, “most of them are one man shows, with a: few dues paying members and small sales of anii-Semitic lit-

Knights of the White Camellia.

Father Coughlin’s one-man

“It is: a motley array that has been waiting for years for & Hitler

further’ Strained :Nazi “relation

8 8-8

the union with Austria would improve the position of the

church, “because the number of Catholics in Germany increased

Fight Against Anti-Semitism in cated by Educ

to. come and organize them into a unified: power,” says Dr. Johnson, who, in his' anaylsis of: the motives appealed ' to by: ‘native bigotry,” «continues: rly “The methods of anti-Semitic propaganda may - be ‘simply’ classi fied. For the average: timid soul, identification of the Jews with the Reds. For the romantic moron, the grand conspiracy ‘of the Elders of Zion. For the blase : society lady, the fake. letter of Franklin. For the anti-New Dealer, 4 .catalog of Government .posts. held by Jews under the New: Deal ‘and- ‘proof’ that obnoxious New :Deal measures were devised by Jews. For the small businessman, assertions that, the great corporations destroying him are controlled by Jews. For the Fundamentalist,. blood ritual. whisperings. For the Sputhern gentlemen, identification of .the Jew with Negro domination. Nothing for the parlor anti-Semitic, who hates the Jew. on his own, to the admiration of his: women folk.” . ”

8 =»

URING the last year Dr. Johnson has been carrying on special inquiries in .this field. from. the vantage ground of the famous Uni-

These incidents have not been _ followed by any general measures . against the Catholic church,’ but

. ly that laws will be issued cur-

- rights, especially in ‘Austria. :

ator

complete findings will be brought

abatement. . Nazi Germany, identi-

ing. in popularity in this country. I

ee Oe

by six million as a result. More‘over, the head of the Austrian church, Cardinal Innitzer of Vienna, expressed his sympathy for Anschluss. Ja a Later, however, Cardinal. Innitzer criticized the Nazis’ treatment of Catholics, and Nazi ‘mobs stoned his Vienna palace follow_ing a clash with ‘Catholic youth last October. beer A month later, the windows of Cardina haber’s residence in

Nazis smashed Faulunich.

many Nazis have forecast private-

tailing the church’s and the Cath-. olic religious orders’ property

| NEXT-—The

press in ‘Naz Germany. ; “3 7a

out in “Calling America,” a special number of Survey Graphic, scheduled for publication Feb. 1. Himself a leading educator and son of Scandindvian settlers of our Great Plains, Dr. Johnson has about him on his faculty outstanding scholars and experts, Christian and Jewish alike, now in exile. aa Dr. Johnson concludes: “If there are forces making for the increase in’ anti-Semitism, so. also are there forces. making for its

fied with anti-Semitism, is not gain-

have mentioned the Gallup poll with its evidence of almost universal condemnation .of the treatment of ‘the Jews in Germany. Nazi Germany will be still less popular with us when she really goes out to; get the ‘White Jews, the business men who are making money, the Henry Fords and such. She has to go after, them sooner or later, if only to meet her fiscal requirements.” The identification of Naziism with ‘American: con-

the limbo whence it came, and there-

anti-Semitism

will be much slackened.” aad

Side Glances—By Clark

| COPR. 1999'8Y NEA SERVICE. INC. 2. M. REC. 1, 8. PAY! OFF. ’ 3 1 } Yof :

f.

Eve ryday Movies—By Wortman

RT

versity in’ Exile which he heads. His

take up something:to:

1| KNOWLEDGE

. | 4—What is the unit of currency -

TEST YOUR

1—Do any living species of birds . have teeth? 2. Name the oldest. of stringed

instruments? fs 3— Which’ State is’ represented: in Congress by , Senator Barkley? ro!

of Yugoslavia? 5 . 5—Name the capital of Honduras? So, 6—Who is chairman of the Fed- * ‘I eral Communications .Com-= . mission? . ~ 7—What is the correct pronounciation of the word levant? 8—What is a third and. a half of a third of four? Raa 8 8 » ~ Answers ‘1—No. 2—The harp. 3—Kentucky. . 4~The dinar. 5—Tegucigalpa. 6—Frank R. McNinch. 7—Lev-ant’; not lev’-ant. 8—Two. ie ron ot . = 8 | ASK THE TIMES. Inclose a. 3-cent stamp for reply when addressing any question of fact or information to The Indianapolis Times 13. Ba 56

By. Anton Scherrer

dianapolis into a panic.

He died. A general vaccination was ordered. (That's

| of Health also bought a lot and entered intb contract

servative capitalism will retire into with the sinews of . propagandist|..

| again, but

someone more responsive.

PAGE 9

Our Town

Ist Smallpox Case Occurred Hers In 1830 and Village's Eight Doctors Formed Health Board to Fight It.

QOME time around the middle of May, 1830, a Negro woman by the name of Overall was taken down with a chill, followed by a fever which lasted the better « part of three days. With the passing of the fever, the pain in her back left her, too. Except for a kind of weakness, Mrs. Overall thought she was all right. She wasn’t, though, because after the fever left her, an eruption made its appearance on her face and hands. On her : body, too. Mrs. Overall thought they were flea bites. She was wrong again. It was the first case of smallpox in Indianapolis. When word of Mrs, Overalls condition got around, it threw InA public meeting was called and a Board of Health formed, the first of its kind around here. ery one of the < eight doctors practicing at the time Mr, Scherrer was a member of it. They were : : authorized to do what they could to arrest the spread of ‘the disease. As luck would have it, they didn’t have to do a thing beyond watching Mrs. Overall. Not another case of smallpox turned up which was nothing short of a miracle when you. consider that Indianapolis had 1500 people at the time. It figures out somewhere around 200 patients for every doctor. As a matter of fact, Indianapolis didn’t have another smallpox scare until 1848. It came to a. head when a prominent Indiana politician, registered at the Palmer House, was taken down with the disease.

right; Dr, Edward Jenner of England discovered and practiced smallpox vaccination as early as 1800.) Besides ordering a general vaccination, the Board

for the buliding of a hospital. Nothing came of it, however, because by the time the contractor made up ‘his mind to get started, the smallpox scare had passed away. With nobody. to put into a hospital, you couldn’t interest anybody in the project. Certainly, not enough to pay a special tax for the purpose. That left the Board of Health in a pretty predicament and to get out of it, they gave the con= tractor $225 bonus in consideration of his surrender of the contract. He got the materials, too, of course. The unused materials went into the building of a three-story frame hotel,

How City Hospital Was Started .

In 1855, Indianapolis had its third smallpox scare. Again an attempt was made to build a hospital, This time a large tract of ground on, the bank of Fall Creek at the end of Indiana Ave. was purchased. What's more, work actually was begun oh a building and continued throughout the smallpox. scare. Soon as the scare was over, however, it was the same old story. The workmen dropped their tools, and nobody gave the hospital a second thought, Nobody, that is to say, except Dr. Livingston Dunlap, He had been a member of the first Board of Health, the one organized to handle Mrs. Overall’s case. He: was now a member of the City Council. Determined not to put up with any more monkey business, he got the City Fathers to appropriate more money, In 1859, the hospital was finished at a cost of $30,000. ‘It stood idle several years and might have put Dr, Dunlap: behind the eight ball had not the Civil War

turned up. Anyway, with the outbreak of the war, |

the National Gov t took over the building and used it for an army hospital. The Government made several additions and. improved the grounds considerably, all of which came to the city as coms pensation for the four years the Government had it. And that, my children, is the story of the begin ning of our City Hospital. fi

Jane Jordan— Young Husband Seeks Advice, Fears Wife Married Without Loving Him.

D8 JANE: JORDAN—Three years ago I met a J girl at the office where I was working. After several dates I began to rush her and in six months 1 proposed to her. She refused me on the grounds that there were circumstances in her family life which would: keep her from marrying for some years. I pro-. posed repeatedly and she continued to refuse. Finally, through her maneuvering, we split up, but I couldn't get her out of my mind. For almost a year we were apart. Then after much persistence, I managed to get a date with her again, and finally, after much effort, we were married. I was very happy at first and believed her to be. But we have been married for six months now,sand I believe shi doesn’t and never has, cared for me. 1 talk to her but find her staring .off into space. When we are out together she acts as if I were a piece of furniture. I'm getting sick of it, yet I'm so crazy about her that I know my life would be miserable without her. sd a, a : Tell me, am I selfish, or childish? Did my wife marry me without loving me? - What should I de about the situation? JERRY.

Answer—Unless I’ could hear your ios version I would not feel capable of deciding whether. she loves you or not. If you had written me beforehand I would certainly have advised you not to marry a girl who required so much urging. say If ‘your wife is not happy, she needs help. It may be that she had excessive expectations of marriage

| and cherished a lot of dreams which are impossible ‘| to redlize ‘under: any conditions.

Perhaps she would have ‘suffered the same depression no matter whom she married. In this case, she could adjust to you as well as to anyone else. . - : 2 rt ae I do not know what you can do about it if she can't express herself or co-operate with you in facing her situation, whatever it is. Some wise third party who could get her confidence might help you both. 2 8 8 TEAR JANE JORDAN—Until two years ago I.w * steady with a girl whom I thought the grand girl ‘T ever had known. After we split up I ‘lost interest. in girls and everything else, mostly my J 1 lost that job and others after that. ‘I went to West Coast to get a hold on myself and succeeded. ~My aim now is to make a success of a very goe job. Old girl friends keep calling and. ‘wanting know. why. I haven't asked them for dates. I have: them that I still care for the girl I lost two years Am I foolish in assuming that we could make a go it again? Ty . : v2 I was to blame for everything. W.H.: Answer—I do not know. You might see the gi if she is reluctant to resume your frien warning: from the Jerry’s and try to

ship, take JANE JORDAN

Put your problems in s letter to June Jordsn who wi _ gmswer your questions in this column daily. ’ .

ele

Now Sage Fed.

: 3 od ’ : ; Public Library Presents— ANOTHER pictute of the Elizabethan its roughness, coarseness and given by Gwyn Jones in the book BAYS (Macmillan). It is a story of

rt Green, one of the minor dramatists and