Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 23 January 1939 — Page 8

ublic Opinion Surveys S = ajority in America R ~ Congress Battle Agai

By DR. GEORGE GALLUP ! Director, American Institute of Public Opinion NEW YORK, Jan. 23.—The determined drive in Congress to take

politics out of relief—a drive which

began the very first day of the ses-

sion—is overwhelmingly approved by the nation’s voters, the majority of ‘whom have never been wholly satisfied with the Administration of relief

undet the New Deal. :

Those facts are revealed in a series of more than 15 public opinion surveys on the relief question conducted in recent months by the Amer-

ican Institute of

nent Government

AMERICAN INSTITUTE PUBLIC/OPINION

The testimony

the revival of the

however, public dissatisfaction with months. Almost a year ago an

jority of voters—about eight in every

of Harry Hopkins, the reports of the

Sheppard and Byrnes committees on relief abuses, and

Hatch amendment have all focused

attention on. the relief issue in recent weeks. Actually,

relief methods dates back for many

Institute survey found that a large ma-

10——had become convinced that

| politics colored the handling of relief in their communities. There was a

In the course of testing opinion on the relief issue, the Institute collected the public's views on many specific plans for eliminating politics from the WPA. Its latest study, just completed, measured sentiment on a number of the proposals made by the Sheppard Committee which investigated abuses in the last election. Other surveys have covered the principle of the Hatch amendment reintroduced at this session, as well as other aspects of the problem. From all these studies a composite picture of public sentiment can be drawn about as follows: 1. A large majority of voters believe that all relief officials should be put under civil service as a means of eliminating politics and favoritism in appointments. This vote 1s a reflection of widespread public faith, often noted in Institute surveys, in the civil service system as opposed to the spoils system. 2. Nearly 9 in every 10 voters favor a drastic law against allowing anybody to influence the vote of persons on relief either through coercion or promise of reward. The , Hatch amendment, which failed to pass in the last session, sought to accomplish this reform. 3. By a vote of more than 7 to 3 the public believes that neither persons on relief nor relief officials should be allowed to contribute money to a political campaign—two of the recommendations of the Sheppard Committee. The voters also support 6 to 4 the Committee’s proposal that all Federal employees be prohibited from contributing money to campaigns.

Party Lines Cut

4. A large majority of voters (73)

per cent) feel that relief would be better administered by a bipartisan board than by a single administrator as at present. This plan, sponsored by Senator Bailey of North Carolina, is favored Woy voters chiefly because they think that control by a bi-partisan board will help to eliminate graft and political preference. Even Democratic voters approve the plan. . One fact emphasized by the survey results is that attitudes on the

~ | virtually unanimous vote that such®—

| abuses should be eliminated. relief question cut across party lines.

The pattern is not one where the rank and file 'of Democrats think one way and the Republicans another. Instead the surveys find that both camps are equally anxious to see politics and graft purged from relief. For example, large majorities of both Democrats and Republicans think it should be considered a crime for a relief official to try to influence the vote of persons on relief. Bringing relief officials under civil [service is favored by more than 70 per cent of both Republicans and Democrats, who also agree the reliefers should not contribute money to political campaigns, and that relief funds should be administered by a bipartisan board. Thus there is every indication that | New Deal senators and congressmen who advocate reforms in relief are carrying out the wishes of their own party members in addition to forestalling criticism from their| Republican foes.

| ‘Relief Government Job’

In the early days of the New Deal ther¢ was much debate as to whether it was the Government’s responsibility to take care of needy persons out of work. Recent Institute studies show that this principle is now a definite part of the social philosophy of our times. Approximately 70 per cent of voters declare that the Government should take responsibility for the jobless. About the same number think that fie relief problem is no temporary phe-

nently. The majority also feel, however, that the Government is doing enough for the unemployed. When the Institute asked voters recently “Do you think that people on relief in your community are getting as much as they should?” a majority of 71 per cent said “yes.”

And other surveys indicate that the dominant pull of public opinion at the moment is more in the direction of reducing relief appropriations than in the direction of raising them.

OFFERS COURSE IN REAL ESTATE

I. U. Extension Center Here To Give Certificates After Two Years.

A two-year course in real estate business will be offered at the Indiana University Extension Center here, beginning Feb. 8, University officials announced today. Certificates will be awarded to ‘students completing the course by the University and the Indianapolis Real Estate Board. Dr. Arthur M. Weimer, real estate professor in the University’s School of Business, will direct the program which will cover four .phases of the real estate business. . The study will include realty financing, property appraising, merchandising and management of real estate. Dr. Weimer will be assisted in the course by Urban K. Wilde, executive secretary of the Real Estate Board. “To those expecting to enter the real estate business, the course will present, in the brief period of two years, information that could be obtained only after many years of actual experience and practice,” Mr. Wilde said. :

M’KESSON LOSSES MAY BE 20 MILLION

NEW YORK, Jan. 23 (U, P).— Total assets of McKesson & Robbins, Inc., may have to be written down more than 20 million dollars as result of the Coster-Musica operations, William J. Wardall, trustee for the firm indicated today in an “unaudited, unverified, tentative” statement. In the first report of the company’s financial status since it was driven into reorganization by the bizarre operations’ of the CosterMusica ring, Mr. Wardall estimatsd total assets of the 105-year-old drug firm, “eliminating those asset presently believed to be fictitious” at $66,115,001, as of Nov. 30, 1938. That was $21,067,765 below the * total assets of $87,182,766 reported in the firm’s “official” balance sheet as of Dec. 31, 1937.

SAMARITAN UNIDENTIFIED

MITCHELL, Jan. 23 (U. P).— Awakened by an unidentified youth as their five-room house burned, - Mr. and Mrs. Art Nicholson escaped the blazing structure. The house was destroyed. |

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FIREBUG BLAMED IN

ROCHESTER, Jan. 23 (U. P).— An investigation of the $100,000 fire which destroyed the Fairview Hotel and gardens, popular Lake Manitou summer resort, and an adjacent summer home was started today by the State Fire Marshal's office. The blaze, which swept through the 50-room, two-story, frame structure yesterday, was. the second within three months at Lake Manitou. In October thg Colonial Hotel on the north shore burned at an estimated loss of $125,000. Fire Chief Oscar Smith said both conflagrations were “the work of a fireburg.” There was evidence, he declared, that someone deliberately planned the fire yesterday. Fanned by a 50-mile-an-hour gale, the flames nearly had consumed the Pairview before firemen arrived. Firemen saved several summer homes from becoming ignited by sparks. Among them was the home of George Hilgemeier, Indianapolis meat packer.

FOWLER, Jan. 23 (U. P.) —-Loss from a fire which destroyed the Carroon Packing Corp. plant yesterday was estimated by officials today at $150,000. Origin of the blaze was mot determined.

TWO ARE CHARGED IN ‘ERROR’ DEATH

PHILADELPHIA, Jan, 23 (U. P.). —A - Philadelpnia: physician and a young woman pharmacist were charged with homicide today in the “prescription error” death of a 15-year-old girl, Dr. John Raftery, released in $5000 bail, told Magistrate Jacob Dogole that he assumed full blame for accidentally specifying 20 grains of strychnine in the prescription instead. of a half grain. He said he had been “in a hurry” to leave his office. Isabelle Fratz, a grammar school graduate whose jobless father had to borrow money to have the prescription filled, died after taking a tablespoon dose ot the medicine. Pearl Borrow, 26, testified that while filling the prescription she thought the amount of strychnine was unusually large, but that “Dr. Raftery was used to making strong prescriptions.”

nomenon but that relief appropria-| tions will have to continue perma-

SECOND HOTEL FIRE

Piblic Opinion. The latest soundings, as well as earlier | | surveys, indicate a widespread desire for changes in the technique of relief administration, a belief in strong laws and policies to stamp politics out of relief, and a conviction that relief must be looked upon as a perinaproblem. . The campaign in Congress |' for reform of the relief administration finds the public in a most receptive mood.

A 8

Does politics color the handling of relief? A majority of voters in Institute of Public Opinion surveys

they think it does, and favor drastic measures to wipe it up.

| | | |

(Survey taken May, 1938.)

May, 1938.) | None. .16%

What the Public Thinks

Following is a summary of Institute-surveys touching various Bipecis of the politics-in-relief issue:

1. Would you favor a law prohibiting any person on relief from contributing money to a political campaign? | :

Would you favor a law prohibiting any relief official from contributing money to a political campaign?

. Should employees of the Federal Government be prohibited from contributing money to political campaigns?

. Would you favor a law making it a crime for a relief official to attempt to influence the vote of persons on relief?

. Do you think officials in charge of relief should be under civil service? (Survey taken November, 1938.) +

. How large a part does politics play in giving relief in your community—none, a little or quite a bit?

A little. .31% Quite a bit..53%

(Survey taken

FIVE LOGAL BANKS AMONG 300 LARGEST

| Ft. Wayne Institution Also On| Trade Journal List. | ere

Five, Indianapolis banks rank among the 300 largest in the United States,| according to the banking trade journal, American Banker. They are the Indiana National Bank, standing 54th on the list; the Fletcher Trust Co., 157th; the American National Bank, 163d; the Merchants National Bank, 182d, and the Union Trust Co., 277th. The Lincoln National Bank and Trust Co., Ft. Wayne, is the sixth Indiana bank to pe included in the

list. of 300. In the first 100 banks of the 300 largest | institutions, the journal says, the total deposits “again reveal rowing concentration of funds.”| Deposits in these banks, as of c. 31, 1938, totaled $27,630,

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EX-DIPLOMAT IS DEAD LONDON, Jan. 23 (U. P.)—Sir Reginald Tower, 78, retired British diplomat, died on Saturday, it was announced today. He had served in Washington, Buenos Aires. and

YEAR-AROUND FIGHT ON PARALYSIS SET

The Marion County Chapter of the National Organization to Combat Infantile Paralysis will operate throughout the year, Wallace O. Lee, chairman, said today. In a letter to Booth Tarkington, enlisting the mnovelist’s continued aid in the fight against infantile paralysis, Mr. Lee said that instead of simply staging President’s

Birthday Balls on Jan, 30, “other events will be held, throughout the entire year, to raise funds for the cause.”

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CITY INSPECTS ALL THEATERS

Building Operators Ordered To Maintain Even [ Temperatures.

The City Health Board today ordered its inspectors to see that all theaters, office and public buildings are ‘kept well ventilated and proper temperatures maintained.

The order was issued after inspectors reported that most buildings and theaters were “overheated and did not maintain sufficient humidity,” Dr. Herman G. Morgan, Helath Board secretary, said. A city-wide inspection of heat-ing-and ventilation in public buildings was ordered three weeks ago. In a notice issued to building and theater managers, Dr. Morgan said “improper ventilation and overheating favor the high rate of respiratory diseases.” ; He prescribed temperatures of 68

to 70 and a humidity ratio of 30

per cent. “Public gatherings in the presence of overheated and impure air favors a spread of pneumonia, bron-.

chills, influenza snd: the common cold by lowering resistance,” Dr. Morgan said. : oh eR “When the humidity is about 30 per cent, temperatures from 68 to 70 degrees are comfortable. But when it is low, high temperatures of from 72 to 80 degrees are neces sary for comfort." : . “The higher the temperature, the more rapid the evaporation from the skin surface of body, which brings about a chilly sensation followed by lowered resistance to cold and infections.” gibi Proper ventilation and temperatures also are necessary in the home, he declared.

COLUMBIA EDUCATOR AT TEACHERS’ SCHOOL

Times Special fis TERRE HAUTE, Jan. 23 — Dr, Thomas Alexander, founder of Columbia University’s New College for Teachers, begins a week as visiting professor at Indiana State Teachers College today. pi

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