Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 15 December 1938 — Page 21

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Vagabond

rs From Indiana = Ernie Pyle

Grass Grows in Principal Streets Of Paraguayan Cities; Its People, Mostly Indian, Are Kind, Loveable.

| a A SUNCION, Paraguay, Dec. 15.—The per-

| Herlechinus the

sonality of the Paraguayan people, like so many of the Mexican people, is wrapped _up in the personality of the Indian, In the other South American countries

we have visited the Indian still exists, but those who run the country do not consider him, except as a work horse. Neither do they consider the part-Indian, he : The countries are dominated and controlled by the descendants of the Conquistadors and European pioneers; who have kept their blood pretty pure. But in Paraguay, that honeyed little group of Spanish aristocracy does not exist. From highest to lowest, the people of Paraguay are at least part Indian. And that's why, I believe, they are so loveable. In other South American countries, the better-off classes travel to Europe or America, and come back burning to imitate, to put in new things, to modernize. But Paraguayans don't. They go out and see the world, and are glad to be home again. And they are content. “New York has paved streets? Yes. Well, Asunsion has paved streets. So?” And they speak the truth, Asuncion does have paved streets. Paved with great irregular cobblestones, like driving down the dry bed of a rocky stream. But it is pavement. You sure can't deny that. . Mr. Hoover should visit Asuncion. He. would see his grass growing in the streets. Right downtown, too. Along each side, in a strip three or four feet wide, small grass grows up between the cobblestones. The personality of the people is even apparent in their speech. I am now enough accustomed to hearing Spanish that I can tell the difference between countries. Here they run their words together in a soft flow that takes out all harshness. In the romantic twistings of my ' mind, I had visualized the Paraguayans as an infinitely sad people; saddened irrevocably by war and death and destruction and poverty. : I asked friends if these two terrible wars had not left their mark on the national personality. The answer was no. The people are not sad. They have taken war and wholesale death as they take heat and famine, They just tdke it. It's the Indian in them.

The Military in Control

Paraguay's Government is now in the hands of the military. They reached pre-eminence during the war and have held on. The Army runs the country. They keep the Army big. They spend vast amounts on the military. Paraguay cannot afford it. There isn't enough money. There is considerable feeling against it. Even now, there are men actually in the Cabinet who say, “We must send the Army back to the barracks.”

Mr. Pyle

' Cabinet{ ministers last only a few days.

Paraguay is a natural country for dictatorships. ple like to be led. They almost have to be.

The Paraguayans worshiped even the dictator who |

destroyed the country. It is a great country for hat-tipping. The men tip to each other on the street. It started, I believe, in the time of the first dictator, a hundred years ago. He was a pretty good dictator, but he demanded absolute obeisance. People had to uncover in his presence. And since nobody wore hats, he made a law that they had to, so they'd have hats to take off when he came around. : You have to take off your hat in thé police station even today. A Paraguayan friend took me there to arrange for our permits to leave. We removed our hats as we went in. But coming out, I put mine on out in the lobby, half a 8ozen paces from the open front door. That quick, a policeman signaled my friend. He nudged me and motioned. I took off my hat for the remain-

ing two steps. :

My Diary By Mrs. Eleanor Rooseveii - Lauds Society Which Finds Work For Cured Tuberculosis Patients. ASHINGTON, Wednesday—The weather was in-

deed kind to me yesterday. I don’t know what 1 should have done if I had not been able to fly, but

. as it was, I actually found myself at the airport with

10 minutes to spare. I had lunched at the Men's City Club, in New York City, and the chairman had asked me to give briefly some of my impressions of the country as a whole. That seemed to me such a tall order, that I decided to confine myself to one or two stories from different parts of the country and then answer questions. . : This meeting, as well as the meeting run by Mr. James McDonald on Monday evening at the Brooklyn Institute of Arts and Science, proved the fact that properly trained audiences, under properly trained chairmen, can carry on a most satisfactory “question and answep period.” I like this, because I feel that my audierfce is actually having the subjects which interest them discussed. * While in New York, a very interesting institution was brought to my attention. It is the Altro Workshops in New York City. This institution is operated for the purpose of returning to society cured tuber: culosis patients who have learned to do some kind of work which is suited to their capacity, even though they will not be able to carry on the same occupations which they were engaged in before their illness.

Dinner for Cabinet Members Lady Lindsay brought Capt. Anthony Eden and

'_ + § Mrs. Eden to tea with us yesterday afternoon. He has

all the charm of an Englishman of culture and diplomatic experience. She is pretty and attractive and very well suited to the difficult position of the wife of a public official. The first official entertainment of the season took place last night, the dinner given for the members of the Cabinet. Miss Stell Andersen played the new piano, Mr. Mark Harrell sang and Miss Chaney and Mr. Fox danced. It was a delightful program and one which everybody seemed to enjoy.

Day-by-Day Scienc: ° Bv Science Service ERCULES, world-famous strong man, is being investigated, scientifically. Familiar to school children as the mythical hero who performed 12 wonder tasks, Hercules intrigues scholars because he has had such a long and varied career in the minds of men. ‘ Far from being an invention of Greek story-tellers, Hercules can be traced back to about 2500 B. C. He may have been talked of long before that. But in Tell Asmar, Mesopotamia, at any rate, people of 2500 B. C. whispered the story of a hero who slew a sevenheaded dragon. Archeologists have proof: a clay

. seal bearing a picture of the hero ticking off heads

from the dragon at perilously close range, while an assistant obligingly holds the beast down at the rear. Another picture found at Tell Asmar shows the same ‘hero equipped with lion-skin, club, and bow, which traditionally belong to Hercules. Later, Dorian and Lydian Kings claimed Hercules as an ancestor, and several Roman Emperors sought to identify themselves with the glamorous hero-god. Not knowing that Hercules was nearly two thousand

years old, the Greek world accepted him as the son of | . - the god Zeus and the mortal woman Alcmena, wife

of Amphitryon. : * A British scientist traces the strong and simple hero in Britain, where, it seems, the Romans introduced Hercules along with their other hero-gods. Hercules can be identified on altars in Roman Fritain, ‘and bronze figures of him were popular. A 180-foot giant carved on a cliff in Dorset is pronounced a Hercules with club, and possibly a lion-skin. This ‘British scientist, Stuart Piggott, writing in Antiquity, points out that Hercules lost dignity and ‘became a stock figure in classic drama, and in 16th Century I comedy is found capering as | Harlequin, Meanwhile, in European folk legend,

Radio Is Used Extensively for

Propaganda

A new Pan-American conference is in scssion at Lima as reports increase of totalitarian menace at Uncle Sam’s back door. This is the last in a sqries of articles on the situation in Latin America. : .

By Peter Kihss

‘Times Special Writer "ASHINGTON, Dec. 15. —It was a beautiful program—that Italian

broadcast beamed to Latin

America, One famed star after another sang arias from Italy’s great operas. And then— “We will now have an especi treat,” the feminine voice announced. “We will now hear ‘La Donna e Mobile; by that great Italian singer, Enrico Caruso!” And €aruso dead these many years! Headlines have screamed lately of the totalitarian - short-wave broadcasts to Latin America, -the asserted radio poison seeped into the southern nations. Bills have been introduced in Congress to build Federal stations to broadcast antidotes. But a canvass of Federal departments, Congressional spokesmen and private companies indicates that both the quality and the poison in the totalitarian broadcasts have been overplayed. True, the totalitarian programs hurtled into the southern countries a full three years ago, two years before most Americen ones followed the trail. True, Germany still throws six hours of broadcasts daily into Latin America. The Italians beam an hou and a half southward; the Japanese an hour. : But Commerce Department experts estimate that there «re only 2,353,500 radio sets in Latin America, picking up short-wave. And while this is the quality segmen: of the 120,000,000-odd Latin Aniericans, by that very reason it can recognize and-evaluate propaganda so much the more. One irritant here is that the totalitarian broadcasts impinge so closely upon the harsher facts. Thus. a confidential Federal memo reported one recent German commentator’s broads to Latin America, discussing’ foreiin’ réaction to the anti-Jewish :neasures in Germany: : “He ridiculed the hypocrisy of the democracies and recalled that the British had used barbarous methods against the Sepoys during the Indian mutiny. He did not mention that this had taken place in 1857. # 2 2

‘HE then referred to the concentration camps curing the Boer war, when fine German stock, including women and children, had died as a result of the harsh measures applied to them by the British. . . . “He also adverted to the war against the Arabs whose only crime is to defend their homeland. He emphasized the hypocrisy of the democracies in giving lip sympathy to Jewish minorities without, however, offering them any concrete help.” The United States received its meed with the statemert that “the United States was trying to impose its will upon its neighbors to the south, but that it ‘was finding much “esistance from certain of the sighbors to these plans, esp ly in Argentina.” The memo asserted the speaker intimated “that the recent plea of the President for a solid defense ‘front in the Americas really covered an intention of the United States to dominate Laiin America economically. “He quoted the Commanding General at West Point as stating that there were more Communists in the United States at present than there were in Russia in 1917, and he wondered wether Earl Browder would be a welcome substitute in Latin Amecica for the fascism which the United States

perhaps 500,000 capable of:

in Palestine,

ndianapolis Times

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THURSDAY, DECEMBER 15,1938

Brazilian folk sing liner on NBC’s shortwave broad-

casts via W3XAL to Latin America.

News programs { States to South America are broadcast by America Lugo Romero (right) over CBS's W2XE.

Upper Right—Lineman at work on one of two NBC short-wave ters at Bound Brook, N. J. These stations, and CBS's W2XE at Wayne, N. J, beam programs to Europe. and

South America.

desired to remove from the countries to the southward.” Most of the broadcasts, however, are considerably less likely to disturb. A typical Italian broadcast for Latin America picked up by Ted Rogers, New York WorldTelegram short-wave expert, on Nov. 22, said in part: I “We have a report from Addis Ababa that the local hunt club held its first meeting and recep- - tion. A good time was had by all of the many members Who attended. : EJ t J ® “x X.JE are pleased to announce that the Eritrean Alpine Club; which was formed to scale the heights of the Eritrean Mountains, will be given 50 per cent reduction on railroad fares to and from the members’ homes to the meeting spots. “The little theater movement 1s being well received in Ethiopia. . . A mining com .which has undertaken to a the Dplatinum resources of Ethiopia is confident that by the end of this year it will have mined 120 kilograms of platinum, the quota set by Ii Duce.” The totalitarians are not the lone propagandists. Another broadcast the same night, thrown here first and then pounded into Latin. America, said: “The Nazi Germans are deliberately threatening the democracy of every American country. They are seeking to establish in South America and North America dictatorships such as Hitler now operates in Germany. “© “You have listened to the Voice of Republican Spain. We urge you to give our schedules to your local newspapers and radio stations. We urge that you organize groups of listeners, short-wave clubs

among your. friends, to sit and lis-

ten before your receivers to the Voice of Republican Spain.” The totalitarian radio hopes are high. At hand is a German announcement of a new short-wave policy. In German and Spanish ¢in a yellow-backed pamphlet sent to Latin America, it said in part (translating from the Spanish): “In the future, five are the missions which will be taken for its own by the German shortwave stations— “1. Cultivation by word and music of the eternal values of German culture. “2. Guardianship of the nation-.

al heritage and customs, especially those of the regions which have sent forth large masses of emigrants to all parts of the world. “3. Presentation of the Germany of today in all the totality of its reorganization. : “4. Consideration of Germans overseas as the object and ‘also the eolisborters of special broadcasts. : “5. Laying down of bridges of friendship from people to people.” “The broadcast of Oct. 13 German effort which conquers the world’ introduces a series of radio

dramas” the announcement con-

tinued. “Anton Betzner wrote the first of these manuscripts: ‘Cotton —the victory of science”

t J tS 2 latest Japanese program

for Latin America available

recalled that a Sociedad Cultural Latin-Americana had been started in Tokyo for foreign students. Japanese broadcasts southward turned out to be mostly musical recordings with occasional talks on “current problems.” A special feature Oct. 12 was “A Talk .in Japanese—Japan Culture Series, ‘Digestion of China Ideas,’ by Dr. Tetsuli Morohashi.” This was followed by “popular songs.” The Rome transmitter, Station 2RO, featured one talk last month, “The Failure of the Russian Revolution,” considered important enough on Nov. 7 (the Russian national holiday) to beam out in three different directions— Latin America, North America and the Middle and Near East. Nov. 8 saw a talk on “The Italian Racial Policy.” The horoscope of King Victor Emmanuel was explained to Latin Americans Nov. 22, G. Cortese spoke in Ital-

st Postoffice,

by President Roosevelt to Latin

1 station can blanket out recep-

ijan—“Problem of the Race

who migrated abroad. One school even suspects some activity of using them for information about their new countries, modest espionage. Cited in these suspicious circles are the rules of the photographic contest sponsored by the Ger-

Spanish) provides: “Every picture must reflect the atmosphere in which the sender lives—that is, one must see clearly that it deals with Chile, Uruguay, Venezuela, etc. The landscape, characteristic * monuments or other typical items &¥ the country should serve as the expressive background.” = On the other hand, the Germans have been unduly suspected before. Radio executives here term

. impossible the charge that Ger-

many has drowned out broadcasts

Reports to Town

By E.R. R. "OR the investment of $104.50, the city of Sewickley, Pa. (population 6000), has installed equipment for a plete novel system of Manager to the Town: Council. This sum included $29 for a used 16-mm. movie camera ( cost

$89), $57 for a slightly used pro-|ground

jector, and $18 for a roll screen and

tripod. This equipment was bought with the understanding that one or more films would be shown monthly by the City Manager. In the first three

tion only in its own immediate vicinity. The Institute of Radio Diffusion at Brussels keeps a seismographic record of the way a station clings to its assigned frequency. ! On that record, Germans stick to the straight and narrow with a technical proficiency termed “marvelous” here. Latin Americans, with old equipment, wobble considerably. The station which wobbles all over the chart is— Moscow. sae The Germans actually can com~ plain of American interference. DJN, one of Germany's major ans on 9540 ilocycles. W2XAF of the General Electric Co., with 9530 and 9550 kilocycles, close in on DJN like a sandwich. American broadcasters, frankly opposed to a Federal-owned “antidote” station, now point to 13 short-wavers in the Latin Amerjcan field. They maintain they have ‘more than matched the totalitarians in the last few months. National Broadcasting Co. officials said Peruvian listeners told them they had stopped listening to Europe since the war crisis. “Your news broadcasts are very interesting—much more so than those from Germany,” explained a writer from Fortaleza, Brazil. | - Too many worriers forget that the Latin Americans themselves can supply their own antidotes. Radio Splendid, in Buenos Aires, for instance, has a deal for rebroadcasting short-wavers. It takes three minutes of news from a French station, three from an Italian, three from a German, three from NBC. And each broadcaster can discuss only his own country’s happenings.

City Manager Uses Movies for

Council ;. months he took 500 feet of film which: l (1) Gave the Council a vivid idea of 30 old houses which were ordered or demolished; (2) presented a zoning problem so cogently

.|that it was disposed of at a single

meeting; 3) ) exactly how a complicated “undermovement” had occurred in a concrete platform at the garbage disposal plant; (4) demonstrated the operation of sewage disposal plants in several other towns, thus elimi: -

nating the necessity of inspection trips. ’

Entered as Second-Class Matter ss 2

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Side Glances—By Clark:

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PREM AVNET |

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“Mother, will you take me to’ the toy department if | promise not . toaskfora thing but just look and wish?" |

TEST YOUR ‘KNOWLEDGE

1—For what industry is Glasgow,

R.1? i 3—What is the title of the man who has charge of caddies at a golf club? : 4—-What is the name for a female terrapin? 5—What is a gendarme? 6—To whom was Ida Lupino, movie actress, recently married? : T—How much is the head tax on

Third Section 2

Ind.

PAGE 21

Our Town

By Anton Scherrer > “Here's Solution to Three Mysteries; : ] Including, By Gosh, How Bijou Goff = That French Name From a German,

ANOTHER installment of Indianapolis mysteries which, goodness knows;

| might never have been solved had not this

department dug deep to get to the bottom of things: Te 0 wah Believe it or not, the Bijou, which was the first movie house in Indianapolis, got its French name by way of a German. One day back in 1906— the very day the carpenters were putting the finishe ing touches to the theater—Charlie Tard

wondering what in the world to name his new place when along came Charlie Truemper (the Gers man). “Where you going in such a hurry?” asked Mr. Sutherland. “By Joe,” said Mr. Truemper meaning, Uf course: Joe Schaub’s-place at the % n corner. . That's all there's to it, Mr. Scherrer . except that it also serves to explain =~ : why Indianapolis people persist in pronouncing the word ine way they do. Cl wi u No. 2: To clear up the mystery surrounds ing Albert Goldstein’s nickname of “Spurt,” you have to go way back to the beginning of the Nineties when

.| Mr; Goldstein, a graduate of old School 6, was a stue

dent in the National Business College run by Lawson Duthie who was also’ the head of L. A. Duthie & Coy | stenographers and court reporters. ° x3 So much for Mr. Duthie. The rest of today’s piece has to do with a certain Mr. Hamilton, a Spencerian writer of extraordinary ability who happened to be Mr. Goldstein’s teacher in Mr. Duthie’s school. Mr. Hamilton had a head packed full of original ideas, and among them was his way of putting a student in a room all by himself when he ran off an examination,

Explaining That Yell

| Well, that’s the fix Mr. Goldstein found himself the day Mr. Hamilton gave him a problem in elt payments with varying rates of interest covering a period of 32 years. Mr. Goldstein remembers that he filled a 50-page tablet with figures without getiing anywhere with the problem. He {ried to leave the room to get more paper, but Mr. Hamilton caughb him at it. Said it was against the rules. Mr. Hame ilton was fair, though, and brought him another load of paper. Mr. Goldstein filled that, too, carrying each figure to 12 decimal places, and handed in the result. The other kids locked up in their scparate cells were still wrestling with the problem when Mr. Goldstein left the building ® whistling.’ Which, of course, accounts for his nickname. ; ty As for the résult of the examination, Mr. Gold«

‘stein missed the right answer by 3: cents. Af that,

he came nearer solving the problem than any cther d, not only that year but since the school was in tion, which ‘was a matter of eight years befcre Mr. Goldstein got into it. Mr. Goldstein says Mr, Hamilton told him so himself. : : Ri I can tell you, too, about last week’s mystery in one of our department store express elevalors (Solu= tion No. 3). The elevator was jampacked with shops pers including a rather corpulent woman and '& mother and her 6-year-old male. The corpulent wome an was standing in front of the mother and child. Suddenly between floors, the corpulent woman let ou an awful yell. “The elevator was brought to a stop at the next level and the corpulent woman got out, madder than hops. Everybody wondered what was the trouble. Well, I'm here fo tell you. When the mother asked her 6-year-old whether by any chance he had anything to do with the lady's strange be‘havior, he said: “Sure. I bit her; she was mashing the life out of me.” - :

Jane Jordan— : Girl Is Advised Not to Misjudge Father's Opposition to Her Fiance, EAR, JANE JORDAN—T am 19 years old and have

me, but my father hates him. My mother can see good in everyone. Last August my father made me quit going with this fellow. I tried to forget him by going with other fellows who had plenty of meney, but none can take his place. My father thinks he is not good enough for me and wan i one who has money, but that is RA have thought of marrying, but not this soon. How= ever, if my folks will not let| us see each other we probably will get married. He has a job and ing enough to keep us, and I have my present job for three years. M; YY | apt to see only bad in people. My boy friend is 23 years old. When he was is lor 17 he liked to play cards, but doesn’t any . I don't hold that st him as I think that is all in the past «| ward: the future. If I marry him in In my parents’ consent, can they take it to court have my marriage annuled? I 19 age when I was 18. . + WAITING.

Answer—If I could hear your father’s side of the | story, or if I knew the young man I would have & | better chance of advising you wisely. I cannot tell whether your father sees the young man more clearly than you do or whether he simply is prejudiced. . There are several possibilities which may explain his attitude, but I do not know which one fits the case, It may be that he is jealous of the young man and does not want to lose his daughter. If this is true he | would find something wrong with any young man, no | matter how much money he had or how exemplary

gle; hence the emphasis on money. ; he The third possibility is that your father is dead right and you have chosen a weak reed upon which * to lean. Your father may be acutely conscious of deficiencies in the young man’s character which are

| hidden from you. Many a girl has married agains

ever. What you have to decide is how much of 3 feeling for the young man is love, trust and admirae tion for him as a person, and how much is due tg revolt against your father. I don't know, but you cam pt of 4

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Put your problems in a letter to Jane Jordan whe wil

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