Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 7 December 1938 — Page 4
America,
that trend toward equality throughput the Americans. There have been
economic if no other reasons the
1
GI
. S. Begins Job of
Uniting Americas;
~ Hull Reache
Conference Viewed as ~~ Bold Test in Midst Of World Chaos.
By JOE ALEX MORRIS (Copyright. 1938. by United Press)
The United States today began a ‘bold test of whether the Americans ‘can stand together in a‘ chaotic " “world: : The test was inaugurated with “Secretary of State Cordell Hull's arrival at Lima for the eighth PanAmerican Conference. This meet’ing may be the most difficult and possibly the most important American foreign problem in many years
‘—the first real test by fire of Presi“dent. Roosevelt’s good neighbor
policy.
The objectives of the United States have been outlined in a broad way: Burial of the “Colossus of the North” idea and creation of a family of 21 American republics, ‘aligned with Canada, for mutual economic and cultural benefits and ‘for defense against any aggression ‘from abroad. "In a general way and without ‘written committments the confer‘ence appears almost certain to in“dorse that main objective.
German Trade Immense But there is much more to the picture to be painted at Lima. * The issues are vast. They may “mean success or failure for men and
"nations far removed from the West-
ern World. ° Por instance, German trade under ‘the Government-subsidy and bart‘er system has boosted ‘Nazi commerce with Brazil to equal- status with that of the United States. In event of war in Europe, the ‘governments in power in South if friendly toward one side or the other, could be a deciding factor in the outcome because of
“their control over vast supplies of
raw material and foods. : It is primarily for these reasons “that the representatives of every world power are busy at Lima; that the diplomatic struggle ahead is of] fhterest in Europe as well as in our wn _ country. !
4 Suspicion ‘Is There
There is another side to the picture. What Latin Americans broaddy call “Yankee imperialism” has “éreated deep-rooted suspicion south
“of the Rio Grande; cannot be easily “laid aside. Argentina has given an example of this coolness toward
¥
- United States plans. There are sub-
stantial reasons for that attitude. . Th great South American republics have large German and Italian populations. Their cultural centers have been Rome, Paris, Madrid—not ew York and Washington. . Their ae with Europe means prosperHy or depression as much and sometimes more than does their trade
“i
BT .with the United States.
- 1h Washington, President Roesevelt “speaks of hemispheric defense ‘against the infiltration of totalitarian political theories from Europe. Many Latin Americans are suppor t‘ting a homegrown totalitarian dictator or would-be dictator. Many * ‘others fail to distinguish between ‘the Yankee and Nazi varieties of friendship. — ~The view of what is good for the Americas is much different, from below the equator than from-above it.
Backsliding Fehred
. Thus, suspicion of the United States’ ultimate aims, the necessity ‘for maintaining trade relations - ‘with Europe, jealously of sovereignty and fear that the “good ‘neighbor” to the north may backslide into imperialism guide the ‘attitude of the South American republics. . There is still another side to the picture. The United States is a great economic power and market, ‘potentially a great military power, ‘pledged to fight any foreign nation seeking a foothold in this hemisphere. Recent years have seen ‘a marked diminution in ZXatin American fear of Yankee imperialism in general. Mr. Roosevelt's ‘most impressive gain was sponsoring a treaty of nonintervention at the 1933 conference. The good neighbor policy has sought to accelerate and “sell”
instances of backsliding, but for general movement has been forward. : Two Main Objectives
It is under such circumstances that the United States now sends its “forces to Lima for the real test; a ‘test that can be clarified only in the ‘light of Mr. Roosevelt's general for-
eign policy. : - + In effect, the President has two lines of foreign-policy: The first, a ‘shifting line that reaches out: to Europe and the Orient where Amer‘jean and democratic interests are t stake; the second, a firm and traditional line around the two
The d line Mr. Roosevelt ake impregnable and, ‘by making it 50, to give greater strength to the first line. The United States cannot and will t try at Lima to make written treaties for mutual defense. It cannot interfere with South American trade with the totalitarian states. It could not, if it tried, scare the tin American republics by pointwith alarm to totalitarianism.
t the conference will ap_resolution to be sponsored 1 indorsing a policy of unity foreign aggression. = - 2 ‘United States is favored in relations with most of the ther American republics and the informal work of the American ~ delegates is expected to prepare the ’ for some concrete achievements.
s Lima
Principle of Solidarity Is Expected to Win Indorsement.
LIMA, Peru, Dec. 7 (U. P)— The eighth Pan-American Conference appears certain to indorse the principle of President Roosevelt's program for solidarity of the Americas against foreign aggression, authoritative sources said today upon the arrival in Peru of the United States delegation headed by Secretary of State Cordell Hull. After a series of informal conferences preliminary to opening of the formal sessions on Friday, it was learned that Brazil is expected. to introduce a resolution indorsing the United States’ viewpoint generally. Well-informed leaders in the conference preparations expressed confidence that the resolution eventually would be adopted unanimously, although preliminary opposition is expected. . 3%
No Binding Pacts
At the same time, it was emphasized that there would be no written commitments in regard to plans for mutual defense, if necessary, against a foreign aggressor. It is not expected that the United States will seek any written accords, which would be strongly opposed by Argentina and other nations. The action of the conference would not be binding on the governments represented, but it would be an expression of attitude in which all of the 21 republics represented would be likely to join. Furthermore, some sources viewed plans for the resolution as offsetting the activities of the representatives of non-American nations at Lima. The German, Japanese and Italian representatives have been closely following preparations for the conference, especially in ‘connection with that part of the program: calling for “organization of peace.” The totalitarians recently have increased lecture and other propaganda efforts in South America to counteract the efforts of the conference. Given Welcome - Mr. Hull, Alf M. Landon and other members of the United States delegation were greeted at the port of Callao by high Government officials of Peru and drove at once to Lima to inaugurate informal conversations in preparation for the first conference meeting. Mr. Hull, upon his arrival, issued a statement calling on the American republics to consolidate the gains made in building up in the Western Hemisphere an .international order based on ‘peace, confidence and a consideration for the welfare of all its peoples.” yon “I return to Peru as a friend visiting friends,” he said. “It was my great good foxtune during January of 1934, while on the way home from the Inter-American Conference at Montevideo, to visit Callao and Lima. To anyone who knows this great center of American culture and history, the opportunity for more intimate acquaintance with it is especially welcome. - In coming again to your hospitable shores I bring you the friendly greeting and expression of best wishes from the people and government of my country.”
Mrs. Roosevelt
Asks for Tolerance
NEW YORK, Dec. 7 (U. P).— Mrs. Franklin D. Roosevelt, addressing a meeting to promote a colony for 1000 Jewish refugees in Palestine, appealed for religious and racial tolerance last night. “It seems unnecessary,” she said, “to emphasize the need for us Americans who believe in freedom, lin justice and tolerance, to help those anywhere who are oppressed and, therefore, it is in the American tradition that we meet . . . in a cause which is to help human beings who are in dire need.”
CHICAGO, Dec. 7 (U. P).—Dr. Gaetana. Salvemini, Italian social scientist, an avowed anti-Fascist, said last night in an interview that “Premier Mussolini's current colonial demand is just an act and Italy won't fight.”
Jewish Plans Reported Upset
BERLIN, Dec. 7 (U. P.).—Machinery set up by German Jews to pu emigration on an orderly basis has been thrown into confusion by demands of the German secret police that Jews who had been arrested leave Germany within a short time after their release from concentration camps, it was reported today. Reliable sources said that nearly all of the hundreds of Jews now releaséd daily from camps are required to sign a promise that they will emigrate at once. In some cases the time limit has been set at three weeks. $ : At least 2000 Jews have signed emigration promises.
9 OFFICERS, BANDIT SLAIN IN GUN FIGHT
Had Served Two Days.
BURLINGTON, N. C, Dec. 7 (U
convicts robbing a filling station “but the
were:
a four-year term Monday.
liceman of 20 years’ service.
was Roy Kelly.
BRANCH MANAGER NAMED
‘Répu Marshall County r-elect died early today at here illness of
t Wabash. Sh
Murdered Virginia Sheriff
P.) —A sheriff who had been in office only two days and a veteran police officer of the Burlington City force. were-'shot and killed today when they surprised two escaped
One ‘convict was killed by a third other escaped. Dead
“M. P. Robertson; 45, Alamance County sheriff :who took office for
S. W. Vaughn, 55, Burlington po-
‘Roy Huffman, Greensboro, who escaped Oct. 22 from Anson County prison camp. The escaped convict
. {Samuel Dickstein (D. N. Y.), chair-
Mrs. Carrie M. Goebel today was appointed manager of the State Motor Vehicle Bureau's branch ofa sh. She succeeds Ross
INOPEN DEMAND FOR GERMAN AID
Anti-French Marches Are Held by Students in Principal Cities.
(Continued from Page One)
north of Paris near Compeigne, where the Armistice was signed. Herr Ribbentrop’s assurances to M. Bonnet yesterday were not regarded by the French as a final answer to the question of Germany's
Count on Pressure
French | leaders were optimistic that as the result of Herr Ribbentrop’s visit it would be possible to exist in co-operation with Germany, and they seemed to be counting on discreet pressure on Italy by Fuehrer Hitler to terminate Italy's campaign, . French-German economic negotiations are to be started here Saturday. It was understood that one point raised by Herr Ribbentrop in his talks with M. Bonnet was the possibility of [removing unfriendly inscriptions from French World War memorials. Some of these inscriptions refer to Germans as barbarians. : : Hundreds of policemen guarded the Arc de Triomphe area today as Herr Ribbentrop placed a wreath before the tomb of the French unknown soldier. Six policemen remained to guard the wreath, which bore the German Nazi swastika.
Report U. S. Ship Target of Rebels
HENDAYE, Dec. 7 (U. P.).—The Spanish Rebel newspaper Unidad of San Sebastian intimated today that Rebels had bombed Barcelona harbor six times in hope of sinking the American | relief ship, Erica Reed, which reeently arrived there with 5000 tons of food, 25 pounds of hicotine to be used in curing pellagra and two ambulances,
Army Leader
Checks on Forts
ROME, Dec. 7 (U. P.).—AntiFrench demonstrations were held in several big Italian cities today as newspapers disclosed that Gen. Alberto Pariana, undersecretary of war and chief of staff of the army, had started an inspection of military bases and the military establishment generally in Sardinia. Demonstrations were held at Turin, Florence and Naples as well as other cities. At Naples hundreds of students marched through main streets sing-
“Long live Italian Tunis!” Join With Germans
In the principal square of Naples, the “students joined 1000 excursionists of the German Nazi labor front and marched with them to the German consulate where they cheered Herr Hitler. A consular official appeared on |a balcony to acknowledge the cheers. Then the students marched in silence past the French consulate, restraining their hostile cries until they had passed it. Students and Fascists demonstrated at Florence. Reports received here said that all demonstrations were orderly. There was no indication whether Gen. Pariani’s visit to Sardinia coincided only by chance with mounting anti-French feeling. In any event Sardinia is of great military importance and it is separated by only the 10 miles of the Strait of Bonifacio from French Corsica. Newspapers published conspicuously reports of student demonstrations against France yesterday in Rome, Milan, Turin and Genoa, with their shouts for acquisition of Corsica and French Tunis.
Charges Flag Incident
Feeling against France was stirred further by| a Tunis dispatch in ‘the newspaper| Popolo di Roma today, charging serious anti-Italian outbreaks. It was alleged that anti-Italian demonstrators tried to force Italian laborers to lower the Italian flag, which had been hoisted over the newly completed Italian hospital, but failed. : ’ Fifty Italians were attacked and injured in isolated incidents, including a physician of the Italian hospital and his wife and daughter, the newspaper charged. It was asserted that 10 Italians had been arrested, even though they were victims of aggression, while Frenchmen and Jews arrested during weekend anti-Italian demongstrations had peen released. : Popolo di Roma, said that French newspapers of Tunis demanded severe measures against the Italian newspaper| Unione, and incited Jewish against it. ;
French president of the ItaloFrench League in France had resigned in protest against Italy's at-
ian members of French rotary clubs decided to| resign en masse.
Called ‘Spontaneous’
Semiofficial Fascist sources described yesterday's anti-French demonstrations in Italian cities as “spontaneous protests against offi-
Tunis and| Corsica.” An official of the French embassy said that no protest was planned against the demonstrations because none of those involved reached the embassy building or damaged French property. : Foreign |diplomats,. while admitting that the anti-French demonstrations iy an ugly light on
Italian-French relations, said they :|did not helieve that the situation was likely | to become more serious. They interpreted the demonstrations ds a reprisal ‘against antiItalian demonstrations in Tunis and Corsica. |
Charges Propaganda Smuggled Into U. S. NEW YORK, Dec. 7 (U. P.).—Rep.
man of the House Committee on Immigration, asserted last night that “tons of German propaganda” was being
ITALY REPORTED|
attitude toward the Italian issue. °|
ing Fascist anthems and shouting:
Sees U. S. Envoy
JAPAN INVITES GREW TO TALKS
British Ambassador Also Calls for Discussion | of Protests.
The State Department revealed today that the Japanese Foreign Min-
to confer with him, presumably re-
tests alleging Japanese violation of
Mr. Grew informed the State Department that the British Ambassa-
at a different time. Cabinet’s Fall in Belgium Expected
BRUSSELS, Dec..7 (U. P.).—The Cabinet of Premier Paul Henri Spaak is expected to resign shortly, well-informed political sources said today. The Cabinet crisis developed
partly as a result of the Premier's recent decision to send a representative to the Spanish insurgent government, : It apparently was brought to a climax when the Labor Party headquarters this afternoon decided that the Socialists must resign from the Cabinet. Mr. Spaak is a Socialist.
BISHOP HUGHES ON ‘Y’ PROGRAM HERE
Bishop Edwin H. Hughes, former president of DePauw University, will speak on “Are You Really a Brother?” at the Y. M. C, A. Big Meeting at 3 p. m. Sunday in the Keith Theater. ; : The “Third Christian Church Junior Choir will give a half-hour concert and the combined youth and chapel choirs will present a Christmas program. Bishop Hughes is resident bishop of the Washington, D. C., area of the Methodist Church.
division of the American-Jewish Federation to Combat Communism and Fascism, Mr. Dickstein declared there were 3500 foreign spies now in this country. - Recent German arrivals, he said, were “just propagandists sent here by the Hitler Government.”
German Political
Purge Is Denied
LONDON, Dec. 7 (U. P.)—The Daily Express, quoting well informed sources, asserted today that a “fairly extensive” political purge was under way in Germany, involving high army officers, civic leaders and civil servants. According to the story, secret police had arrested about 40 army
patches denied the reports. 1
WASHINGTON, Dec. 7 (U. P.).—
ister, Hachiro Arita, has invited American Ambassador Joseph Grew
garding recent United States pro-
the Nine Power Treaty and discrimination against this country’s trade.
dor to Japan also had been requested to call at the Japanese foreign ministry on the same day but
officers, including generals; some important foreign office officials, and high civil officials of Leipzig, Duesseldorf and Vienna. German dis-
EKE LIVELIHOOD “INPOLISHTO!
6000 Huddle Together in Any Kind of Shelter - They Can Find."
By RICHARD C. HOTTELET United Press Staff. Correspondent
town on the Polish-German frontier. i They are the remaining ones of 10,000 Polish Jews who on Oct. 28 and 29 were summarily taken from their homes in Germany by the secret police, herded onto trains and dumped across the border into a “motherland” which many had never seen and whose language most of them were unable to speak. Huddled together in the poor little town of Zbaszyn, which itself has a population of 5700, these people can neither return to Germany to liquidate their businesses and settle their affairs nor proceed to the interior of Poland. Polish police, polite but firm, with bayoneted rifles slung across their shoulders, restrict them to the town limits. They live in abandoned buildings, one an erstwhile dance hall with paper streamers still hanging from the ceiling, and in private homes where conditions are hardly better.
Sleep in Clothes
In one partly furnished mill I saw the squalor in which 800 people, largely of the middle class who had been shopkeepers or professional men in Germany, were existing. Two hundred people had their “beds,” ragged, dirty straw sacks, and their few clothes laid out on each of the four bare, dusty floors. They had no sheets, no pillows. Few had blankets. They slept in their clothes. : When I saw them, these refugees were happily excited over a tiny stove which had just been installed on each floor in a pitiful attempt to heat a building which could hardly have been warmed by a blast furnace. ! It was the same story at each of the barracks—misery, dirt, despair —at the prospect of having to spend the winter here. : Children under 14 have been grouped in the gymnasium building of an old sports stadium, where they enjoy the luxury of beds, sheets and pillows. : Donations From Poor
- The Jewish central committee at Warsaw has arranged for supplies of food, the simplest necessities, and for clothing, mostly the ragged donations of Jews in Poland who are themselves poor. ; The hospital has established
clinics at several places, with Polish doctors: and‘ nurses, serving volun= tarily. : At night those refugees who have a little money gather in the poorly lit tap room of one of the little hotels and sing Polish and Yiddish songs. Mostly they are cheerful then. But on Monday night, a young woman with a throaty sentimental voice sang folk songs which peeled the veneer of gaiety off and left some" of her listeners in tears. Polish police authorities are kind. A district policeman, for instance, goes into the children’s dormitory every morning at 7 to wake the children with a cheery ‘“Dzien Dobry”’—good morning.
STARTS LIFE TERM
SOUTH BEND, Dec. 7 (U. P.)— William Krueger, 61, a tavern ownef, has started serving a life term in the Michigan City State Prison for killing his 92-year-old father-in-law, Jefferson Werner, during a family quarrel on Oct. 4. Krueger pleaded guilty to a charge of second-degree murder, and was sentenced to life imprisonment by Circuit Judge Dan Pyle. During the quarrel, Kruegér also shot two relatives by marriage, William Gafken, 65, and his wife, both of whom recovered. .
BANISHED JEWS
+ ZBASZYN, Poland, Dec. 7 (U..P.). ~—More than 6000 Jews, homeless and unwanted, are dragging out a day to day existence in- this tiny
Final
Son of Mrs. Hahn to Make
(Continued from Page One)
neys obtained Mrs. Hahn's signature to it in an early morning: visit to her cell. The attorneys also planned, if
the Governor for Oscar, who said he wanted to tell the chief executive that “she is the best mother in the world.” The Governor indicated would not alter his decision. Weighed Plea Long Time
Governor Davey had taken his tion, determined to take the respon-
possible, to obtain an interview with
he might see the boy, but said he
time considering her clemency petisibility rather than giving her a
to his successor. Yesterday afternoon he announced that he would not intervene because her murders had been “so cold-blooded, so deliberately planned and executed.” Mr. Hoodin carried this news to his client at once. She nearly fell out of her rocking chair, one of the small luxuries the penitentiary warden had permitted her, and sobbed: “Oh, my God. I didn’t think he would do that!” Oscar was waiting in the warden’s office, and he was brought into the cell. His mother shed tears over him, crying over and over again: “My poor boy, my poor boy.”
Sr
4 Mrs. Hahn fainted. Her matron
guards revived her and put her to bed. Rene Tipple, one of them, said
} her physical condition was not, good
Appeal to Governor,
antl that she would be surprised “if she holds up” tonight. : \ Mrs. Hahn, 32, made herself attractive: to old men. While serving Mr. Wagner as a nurse, she added poison to his food. ~ Her attorneys described’ Oscar as heartbroken by Governor Davey’s decision and his mother’s impending doom, but he was dry-eyed and calm when he received reporters, talke ing about his model airplanes. Oscar said he wanted to tell Governor Davey that “I don’t think she could have been a better mother to me.” Chewing his gum vigorously, he said his mother had told him ‘‘to be a good boy, no matter what happens.” : A reporter had put a burning cigaret on a table edge and Oscar
-| pointed to it and said: “Look out.
IN FAMILY SLAYING
reprieve and leaving it as a legacy | After the lawyer and Oscar left,| That cigaret will burn something.”
(chr
7
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students to exact reprisals} The mewspaper said also that the ‘
titude and that in retaliation Ital
cially organized anti-Italian riots inj .
smuggled into the United : xe)
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