Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 5 December 1938 — Page 14
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Give Light and the People Will Find Their Own Way
MONDAY, DECEMBER 5, 1938
FIVE YEARS OF REPEAL pn [VE years ago today Utah became the 36th state to ratify repeal of the 18th Amendment, and the Federal Government’s 13-year-long attempt to impose nation-wide prohibition on its people was ended. ~ We believe that the net result of repeal has been all to the good, as the net result of prohibition was all to the bad. | , : ; The dire predictions made by many sincere people five . years ago have not come true. There has been no such * national debauchery as they feared, no such slaughter by . drunken drivers, no such wave of crime. It is fair to say ~ that the promises made by advocates of repeal also have not ~ been fully realized. : ; But there is’ less bootlegging, less gangsterism, less “defiance of law. The Federal Government has collected “more than $2,700,000,000 in taxes and import duties on legal liquor. Last year the Federal, State and local governments shared more than a billion dollars of revenue that, under prohibition, would have gone to bootleggers. Sale of legal liquor, having reached a postprohibition peak in 1937, now seems to be declining. Per capita con- _ sumption of legal intoxicants has fallen to about two-thirds what it was before prohibition. We hope, as do the prohibitionists, that this means the country is becoming more ‘temperate. We suspect, however, that it is at least partly due to high-priced liquor, with high liquor taxes as a factor, ‘encouraging bootleggers to renewed activity. Many people are shocked by the plentiful evidence that there is a great deal of drinking among women and young persons. What they fail to realize, we think, is the extent to which this condition grew up under the cover of prohi-
é ‘bition. Repeal has merely brought it, and other abuses,
into the open. In Indiana the next Legislature, in response to widespread public sentiment, must revise the State liquor control laws. The liquor industry, as a whole, is showing more respect for decent public opinion than .it did before it was outlawed. But in one way or another, and in many parts of the country, representatives of the industry are inviting trouble by meddling in. politics, employing antisocial methods of advertising and selling, defying legal controls,
1 ey even wise and necessary restrictions on their
usiness. As a result, a good many areas have voted themselves
J dry again, and there is a measurable resurgence of local
option and state prohibition sentiment. But we believe that only a small minority of the American people would now ‘be willing to return to national prohibition. If the liquor business will behave itself, we think there will be small likelihood of that disastrous experiment being repeated.
ERNEST C. M'ILVAIN
HEIR names are never signed to stories. They are /seldom known to the public. Yet the Ernest C. MecIlvains of the newspaper world are the very heart of any newspaper's operation. Mr. Mcllvain, long news editor of the Indianapolis Star, was such an individual. We join his colleagues at The Star in mourning the passing of a capable
. and respected newspaperman.
SUBSTITUTES FOR STRIKES
N the last seven years Dr. G. W. Taylor, a professor in
oo the University of Pennsylvania’s industrial research
department, has been instrumental in settling more than 1200 labor controversies without a major strike. He is one of the busiest practitioners of what he calls “almost a new profession in the making”—the work of arbitration between employers and employees. He is named as impartial chairman in union contracts under which some 330 hosiery mills, clothing factories and other plants are now operating. Each contract binds the union not to strike and the employer not to enforce a lockout while the terms
are in force. ; sc “If there are ‘no strike’ clauses in agreements between
union and employers, there must be a substitute for strikes,” Dr. Taylor says. An impartial chairman, or a ‘mediation board, called into action whenever a dispute arises under such an agreeemnt, is an admirable substitute.
Holding to the belief that “on the basis of facts the parties |
never are far enough apart to justify a strike,” Dr. Taylor enters each hearing armed with all the facts he can assemble. ‘The result is true collective bargaining instead of “collective
arguing.” : Peace between workers and management on American railroads is maintained by mediation machinery set up by Federal law. The agreements under which Dr. Taylor pperates are purely voluntary, but they seem to produce qually desirable results. ; The success of this method justifies the hope that it 1 be extended throughout all American industry. The Government now guarantees workers the right to organize and bargain collectively. The essential step beyond that is pward mutual recognition that bargains must be kept
ithout fighting. WAY FROM THE STARS :
HE Nazi Educational Department—and what an ironicaily named department that is—has listed eight songs t the German people must “do without.” One is that best known of German folk songs, “The relei.” Its author, Heinrich Heine, who died 82 years , embraced Christianity when he was a young man. But was the son of Jewish parents, and so his beautiful ng, loved by Germans and non-Germans alike for more han a century, is to be heard no more in his native land. Another of the songs that Germans must not sing is ndelssohn’s “I Raise Mine Eyes Unto the Stars.” And that ban, pronounced as it is by Nazi leaders p have turned a nation’s eyes downward toward a black s of cruel hatred and injustice, is most appropriate.
ianapolis Times
Fair Enough By Westbrook Pegler
Hutchins Fumbled in His Attack on Football Because College Education Itself Is Guilty of Overemphasis.
EW YORK, Dec. 5.—The best mark I can give Mr. Bob Hutchins, the president of the Uni-
versity: of Chicago, on his football paper in the
Saturday Evening Post is about a lower-case “d.” You -can foul a writer by pretending to report in a single utterance or paragraph all that he has said
in 3000 words of carefully prepared copy, but I hope |
I am not unfair in saying that his piece is largely a repetition of many old complaints against football and that he misplaced the overemphasis. Mr. Hutchins has ideas on education which have been expounded at great prominence and still are
widely misconstrued, unappreciated or justly rejected. |
He makes the very topic of education such a gaseous subject that one feels overawed and in need of a special course of study even to approach it. i But I would accuse him of. flippant overstatement where he says that, now at the end of the season, “the last halfback will receive his check” because that obviously intends to say that all football players or, certainly, most of them, are mock amateurs or sneak professionals, and surely he must know it isn’t as bad as that. We do have pro teams in Chicago, to be sure, and the shame of that is two-fold. First, it is muckerism in sport and education for an institution which pretends to mold the character of young students to hire players and conspire with them to live out a lie. 2 ” ”
SECOND, it is contemptibly cheap to pay such coolie wages as are paid to the football pros for drawing enormous gate receipts, and the fact that a kid gets four years of schooling thrown in is one which Spologists for the system should be ashamed to menion. But I could contend, on the basis of long association, that the professionals—or, let us say, paid, or, better, underpaid, players—are comparatively few. This is a foggy subject, because nobody ever really OWS. Mr. Hutchins also says that “everybody” deplores the “overemphasis on athletics” and in the same paragraph knocks himself for a loop in saying that nothing has been done about it because “nobody dares to defy the public, dishearten the students or deprive alma mater of the loyalty of the alumni.” 8 ”
“Pg~NHE trouble with football,” he says, “is the money
that is in it.” He should have said that the trouble with education is that it has taken in too
‘much territory and is attempting to teach book learn-
ing to everybody, including a large element of human beings who are suited to learn skills rather than lessons. Naturally, with such a large element of juveniles and knowledge-proof students, the colleges have to find amusement and distractions, and football not only fills this need but draws students and pays for itself and many other frivolities of the extended children’s hour. - Abolish football, | or de-emphasize it, as Mr. Hutchins suggests,ca would slump sharply toward that point where only students capable of “3 uorun would remain in school,
or slightly less than a quorum for the Yale Bowl.
Business
By John T. Flynn
Protests Pour in Criticizing Stand On A. F. of L.'s $4000-a-Year Plan.
EW YORK, Dec. 5—A number of letters of protest have come to me in reference to what I wrote about the erican Federation of Labor's proposed goal of $4000 a year for every American family. : The protests take| the form of lashing out against anyone who thinks a laborer should not try to improve his condition jor anyone who opposes labor’s efforts to organize to do that. Why, they ask, should not a workman try to earn $4000 a year. Of course, there is no reason why a workman should not want to earn $4000 a year and every reason why he should organize in a union to advance the interests of himself and his fellow workers. No one is more for| that than I am. : What I called attention to was the proclaimed goal of the A. F. of L. to establish an income of $4000 a year for every American family. And I did so not because I would not like to see all American families enjoy such |good fortune but because American workers who have so many serious and important objectives to achieve are merely diverted from them by these futile objectives. But there is another reason for calling attention to it. I did so because I thought this announced plan was characteristic of the greatest weakness of the A. F. of L. That weakness is found in the fact that the A. F. of L. is not interested in every American family, but only in the small group of families which belong to the A. F. of L. ‘The only way to get $4000 for American workers now is at the expense of other American workers.
Thinks All Should Be Organized
At present three out of every four American workers earn less than $2500 and over a third of the workers earn less than $1000. The great goal of labor now should be to meet the grave and difficult problem of raising the wages of these forgotten groups who earn less than $1000 a year-—and this means, remember, in many cases as low as $500 a year. The only way this can be done is by organizing sll the workers, not Just a privileged few. This the American Federation of Labor has always refused to do. It has of late in particular even sought to limit the number of skilled workers who can get into their craft guilds. Laws like workmen's compensation, old-age pensions, unemployment insurance and minimum wage laws are made for the protection of the great unorganized groups more than any others. But if we have not had laws like these for years it is because the A. F. of L. was not interested in the low wage
workers. Samuel Gompers opposed even workmen's compensation for years.
A Woman's Viewpoint
By Mrs. Walter Ferguson I AM happy to report widespread disapproval of my former pessimistic suggestion that the gift of
life is a sorry boon and our world not a fit place for babies.
You should have read the angry comebacks! They
made me feel much more cheerful, for I think it's a |
healthy sign to talk about babies—whatever is said —and good to get public attention switched on them and off dogs. According to certain correspondents, I am a shirker, a coward, a cynic, a defeatist and a general all
around hellion—which exactly describes my state of
mind when I wrote the piece. Nearly everyone says
I am wrong to give way to these moods; that it doesn’t matter so much whether the world is peaceful or war torn, for when has a parent ever been able to offer security to his children? “Again,” says another, “why deprive oneself of the joy of having sons through fear they may be destined to early destruction?” “Let us not shrivel up to a barren old age because we have not the cour-
age to face what the future holds,” goes the Halla~ |
lujah Chorus, “but let’s have more children by the right people, remembering that we must hold on to our faith in God whatever happens.” Those are fine strong words, my hearties, but what worries me sometimes is how God is going to hold on longer to His faith in us; we've let Him down a good many times. On second thought, I feel I was correct in the first place. Getting the right people to have children nowadays is almost as hard as keeping the wrong ones from doing so, and whether we like to admit it or not a very large number of intelligent men and women shy away from parenthood because ! ; afraid instead of confident about the future,
d the enrollment over the land |.
(MAGINE ALS EMBARRASSMENT A
»
The Hoosier Forum
I wholly disagree with what you say, but will defend to the death your right to say it.—Voltaire.
REGARDS LIBERALISM AS DEAD ISSUE By Voice in the Crowd In reading over the Forum I cannot but wonder if the accent should be on the Bull or the Moose. I refer very directly to a writing
from Crawfordsville describing the coming ‘two-sided liberal.” What in the world is a two-sided liberal? I say to you that we are not waiting for liberals, they have already gone before. Liberalism in Government cannot exceed the teachings of Jefferson, “that men should be restrained from harming each other and that otherwise they be free, ete.” . Liberal government, which means that the governed are individually free, started to decline on the day the first special privilege was granted. Every special privilege granted puts another bureau on the backs of the taxpayer and brings forward 10 more groups that want special privilege, and more bureaus and government expense. Liberalism will start returning when you can force the politicians to close up the special privilege bureaus, so that man again can be equal in opportunity and have freedom to work and use earnings in a manner that is suited to each individual. Where is the liberalism in compelling a man to work three hours out of his eight-hour day to pay the taxes necessary to support a socalled paternalistic government? The politicians can fill you full of the theory of changed conditions and advanced civilization to make their jobs good. I claim that no change has yet come about that makes it necessary continually to restrict individual liberty. Strange indeed would it be, if after several thousand years of recorded history one generation should come into being now, that knew it all, and that all of the preceding people had been wrong. Especially is this strange, when men 3000 years ago conveyed thought without alphabets, solved mathematics without text books and made steel that we cannot duplicate. Don’t wait for liberals. Study the ones of the past. Beyond them, there are no liberals. 2 8 = BAFFLED BY STAND OF FATHER COUGHLIN By Marion Schultz It is baffling to understand Father Coughlin’s object in his radio ad-
dresses. At a time like this when the objective of all people who have
|a seed of humanitarianism in their
makeup is to try to save a group of 700,000 people from destruction he comes out with controversial matter which is not calculated to help anybody and only serves to incite hatred and distort facts. The Jews do not stand out as an
(Times readers are invited to express their views in these columns, religious controversies excluded. Make your letter short, so all can have a chance. Letters must be signed, but names will be withheld on request.)
individual political group. They are part and parcel of the countries in which they live, and there are as many diversities of opinion along political, economic and social phases of life among them as there are among the Gentiles with whom they live. Why single out the Jews as his particular target for criticism? For the love of everything that is just and kind, let us lay aside these irrelevant discussions and concentrate on only one thing, the most important of all just now—on how to save 700,000 people from complete extermination.
as #88 FAILS TO SEE SERIOUS LOSS FOR DEMOCRATS
By George L. Payne, Dallas, Tex.
Four years after going out of the White House Andrew Jackson saw his political enemies, the Whigs, get in complete control of the Government, but ‘not one Jacksonian law did they repeal. : U. S. Grant was. elected President in 1868 to carry on the Civil War policies of the Republican Party, yet his popular majority was only 300,000 out of 5,700,000 votes cast, losing Oregon, New York and New Jersey..It is conceivable that had it not been for 650,000 Negro votes, which Grant was supposed to have received, he would have been defeated. In the Congressional election in 1874, two. years before expiration of his second term as President—comparable to the election in 1938, two years before ex-
DREAM COME TRUE
By VIRGINIA POTTER
Since I was just a little girl I've had a vision of you, How you would come and claim me, And make my dreams come true. And always we'd be together; Sharing each other’s joys In any kind of weather— It was only a dream I guess But I only know; to me— To realize it meant a lot If it could only be!:
DAILY THOUGHT Humble yourselves therefore under the mighty hand of God, that he may exhalt you in due time —I Peter 5:6.
JUMILITY is to make a right estimate of one’s self.—Spurgeon.
/
piration of Franklin Roosevelt’s second term—President Grant lost complete control of the lower house of Congress, which went Democratic, and the Senate remained Republican by only a small majority. In the next Presidential election Tilden, Democrat, got an actual popular majority of 250,000. over Hayes, Republican, and it took an Electoral Commission, composed of eight Republicans and seven Democrats, to declare Hayes the winner with 185 electoral votes to 184 for Tilden, the eight Republicans voting for Tilden. Yet in spite of these poor showings of strength by the Republican Party and its reverses at the polls, the Southern Confederacy was not re-established, Lee didgnot march again, and Negroes were not restored to bondage.
In 1884 Grover Cleveland, Democrat, was actually seated as President of the United States, the first Democratic President since Buchanan, yet Cleveland did not undo Lincoln’s work and restore the country to antebellum status. Notwithstanding box car headlines, the Republican Party has not come back into power. It only elected 170 Congressmen against 262 Democrats; and the Republican voting strength in the lower house is now only 39.1 against 60.2 Democratic. The Republicans elected a number of new Senators, but they still. have only 23 compared to 68 Democrats. The Roosevelt Administration was no more defeated than McKinley was beaten in 1900, when he polled 52 per cent of the votes compared to 48 per cent for Bryan. In the election in 1938 the Republican vote was 47 per cent; the Democratic vote 53 per cent. The Democratic majority in both houses of Congress is as high, and in some cases higher, than the Republican majority when there has been a Republican President. » = 8
SAVE TIME BY SHOPPING EARLY, IS SUGGESTION By B. C.
Saving time is one of the best things done in the United States. A desire to save time sends us hurling along the highways in great danger. Saving time brought about many improvements in modern equipment ranging from the huge assembly lines of industry to the orange squeezers in the kitchen. It is of little importance here that no good use can be found for the time so saved. But the ambition to save time. must geherally be commended. Conservation of energy is another equally laudable ambition and both may be admirably served in the next few weeks by a few moments of thoughtfulness here and now. Sit down at once, with pencil and paper. Make your Christmas lists and then: Do your Christmas shopping early.
ONES MO ES i
IscRITC! oY
THAN FROM ONE'S BOSE
oe
is true of high school pupils. In 41 schools in Iowa where they have Student Councils, which consel and criticize their members, four times
fee] |as many pupils stated the criticism
of their
classmates was more ef-
le
BELLOW LOE cine PE WION —=
LET'S EXPLORE YOUR MIND
By DR. ALBERT EDWARD WIGGAM-
i
2 ICH WOULD BE THE : y FOR A A pect
SKILLED MECHANIC OR PREACHER? YOUR OPINION —
E COAMON Be THE COMMON PRE ser ANN NTIER € LOVE LIFEP 3 YOUR OPINION coe“
because, as one pupil put it, “We don’t get sore at the criticism of our classmates, as we know it is for our own good, but with the teacher we
are likely to think we are getting it
to
tisfy a grudge. No doubt this!
is just as true of one’s fellow employees as compared with the boss. 8 2 8 THE PREACHER'S SON, because more preacher’s sons succeed in every line of life—science, art, medicine, business, engineering, etc.,, than the sons of any other
‘|group of fathers—except mission-
aries. The sons of missionaries outdo even the sons of home ministers, as Ellsworth Huntington of Yale has shown. He thinks this is partly due to the good environment of a missionary’s home—as is true of the
sons of all ministers—but also be-
cause the churches require that the wife of a missionary must be of a high type both physically and mentally. : 8.8 =» BOSH, NO! Plenty of fine women have never given marriage enough thought to have noticed that they have missed it. The notion that every woman is pining for a husband is not borne out by simple facts. Even many women who
{enjoy the company of men can't ‘|see that a husband—even a good
one—would be a profitable exchange for their present freedom. A woman who is not married has missed a good deal and escaped a good deal —and many excellent women are too busy with life to bother whether they have missed or escaped the
ll
Says— ha Administration Seems Headed for” Fourth New Deal, Defense Spending,’ And Should Watch Its Methods. :
ASHINGTON, Dec. 5.—This column first pointed out the difference between the First, Second and Third New Deals. Now Mr, Arthur Krock sees a Fourth New Deal in the proposed heavy rearmament program. WPA and PWA spending of billions for relief went political. This began to be so dangerously unpopular that in the last election the “spend and spend and elect and elect” formula failed in important instances like Pennsylvania and Ohio. The voters resented if. ; It was partial proof of a suggestion this column made three years ago, “You can’t beat four billion dollars, but four billion dollars can beat you.”
The strength of this Administration no longer rests
'| chiefly on principle, or high purpose. If rests mainly .
on spending. If the purpose and method of the spend- | ing go sour there are only two choices. Stop spending or change its purpose and method. To stop the spending would be suicide. That leaves change from an unpopular purpose and method to a popular one, In view of the world jitters over Munich, national defense is the most popular purpose imaginable. The shift of purpose is what Mr. Krock calls the Fourth New Deal. ”» ® » HE purpose is good, just as the purpose of relief is good. The doubtful point is the method. The method of relief degenerated into “playing politics with human misery.” Will this vast new spending project of rearmament degenerate into “playing politics with national defense?” It would be equally despicable. Will the program go forward with the unplanned recklessness, , extravagance and political log-rolling of relief or will it be scientifically exe= cuted for the sole purpose of defense? In the former case, I would agree with Mr. Krock that this is, in truth, a Fourth New Deal. In the latter, I think it would be a necessary act of prudent government: Sui it is too early yet to judge fairly what is being one. LT,
There is another vital question. Will rearmament spending be in place of or in addition to: present forms of spending? The intimation is that it will be = replacement. But one of the ablest of Democratic Senators told me that he thought otherwise. : For instance, he says that WPA and PWA have gone right along approving for Senators, Congress men and other local politicians projects in all parts of the country and then informing these political sponsors that—while what they want has passed all tests—the money is exhausted, alas! It is all up to Congress—to themselves alone.
8 # =»
TT cE representatives of hundreds of districts have seen local money spent to prepare these projects and have promised them to their constituents. Their political futures may depend on making good. This realistic Senator's view is that it does not lie in human nature for him not to consult his Congressional colleagues and rush through billions in new “relief” appropriations—regardless of rearmament. That remains to be seen. One thing is certain. when Congress delivered to the executive its constitutional power of the purse, it put its foot in a steel trap from which it will be very hard to escape, Of this Congress is at last bitterly aware.
It Seems to Me By Heywood Broun
M. Daladier and Farley in Spotlight, But Genial Jim Has Fewer Worries,
EW YORK, Dec. 5—This is a day in which both France and Jim Farley are in the news. Mr. Farley has put out a book, and M. Daladier is putting on a putsch or whatever the French word is for a drive toward “dictatorship. France is moving very fast, and Mr. Farley is a fixed point in the American scheme of things, and so it will be convenient to devote more space to “Behind the Ballots” than to the Conipliented Shel of events which lifted. a middle e roa rench manufacture ior yond Bre r into the role of a Several editorial writers have blithely explai the foreign crisis as the brave effort of eine defend democracy against Red revolution. But let it be remembered that the Premier has attempted to take a temporary grant of extra-legal power and extend it. He put off calling the Chamber of Deputies into session and insisted on continuing to rule by decree. Munich has gone to the head of a small . politician who was somewhat on the timid side until he had his back slapped by Hitler and Mussolini. The so-called revolutionists in the forces of labor have Poss Qemenamg 2 rium to parliamentary procedure. is poin $ possible Farley inte the picts.” ble James A rench democracy has suffered from of parties. Ballots have not represented nee because of the existence of dozens and dozens of can-
didates, all running in differen same time. : t directions at the
Like Yale-Harvard Rivalry
When the heat was on Mr. Farley he w - times mentioned as one with Aten ren Nothing could be more contrary to fact. For good or ill James A. Farley is the stanchest defender of the two-party system which America knows today. The very fervor of his democratic orthodoxy is almost a Same Fores for the Continuance of the Republican . Not, of course, that F ; favors on the other side, Riley Would row any , is not unlike the rivalry between the Ya Harvard football teams. Harvard would be berries : to win the annual classic by a score of 105 to 0, but grieved beyond measure if such a result meant that - Jere would be no Elis left for a game the following ear. | I do not think that James A. Farley is a states man. I doubt that he is a liberal. There are many things in American political methods and practices which seem to me less than admirable. But if you - believe that American tradition is best preserved by having two opposing contenders stand up and fight it out for the Presidency every four years, then Mr, Farley is your Gibraltar.
Watching Your Health By Dr. Morris Fishbein
RTicaria Is the name given to the blisters filled with fluid that frequently come on the human body as a manifestation of sensitivity to foods, drugs or other substances. The most common manifestation of urticaria is ordinary hives. Some time ago it was established that urticaria may also occur on the body as a result of sensitivity to heat or to cold, or sometimes associated with light, : physical exertion, or emotional excitement. Some people believe that the urticaria following physical exer~ tion or emotional exeitement is the result of increased heat developed in the body following these activities. / ? In one case a truck driver found that he had hives whenever he sat in a warm room, took a hot bath, or exposed himself to the sun on a hot day, or when he was in any other manner exposed to heat. He would get religf by taking a cold shower bath or by going into the icebox of the dairy where he worked. Whenever he got excited or angry, he also developed -.
the eruptions. | a In a skin clinic in New York investigators were recently able to observe 15 people who had similar symptoms on exposure to heat. In the case of women, the eruptions came when they stood in front of a fire or over a cookstove. Two patients had the attacks * when they ate hot food, and 12 believed that their attacks came on when they indulged in games, danc- ’ ing or swimming. : | : re Some tests were made in other ways, leading finally - to the view that there are several different types of cases. iz : It seems possible that excessive cooling of the ‘skin - results in reduction of the pressure in the very small blood vessels, called the capillaries, and that this reduction of the pressure in the capillaries results in the fact that cold will prevent blisters in people who
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