Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 26 November 1938 — Page 9

agabond

From Indiana = Ernie Pyle

a Progressive Santiago, Home of a \_ Million People, Bustling and in a * Hurry Just Like American Cities.

: SA TIAGO, Chile, Nov. 26.—Like all other "North Americans, we like Santiago. It is a/ city of a million people. Downtown it )¥¢s not differ greatly from a U. S. city— except for the ever-present sealing up of all buildings at night., Stores Bere are usually just shops, one room wide. And every front has a corrugated iron-roofing door

. that pulls down like a window shade, and locks with |

a padlock at the bottom. When all stores are closed for the evening, the streets become solid : walls on each side. : Traffic is heavy. Streetcars make more noise than in any other city I've ever known. The trolleys run Nin two sections, hooked together. The rear car is smaller. It is for second class. Streetcars seldom stop. You catch them on the run. There are a number of Ameri-can-type skyscrapers. People dress exactly as we do. In fact, most people look like we do. : In all of Chile there are 1150 persons from the States, including children. Most of: them are in mining towns of the interior. Santiago itself has about 300. Only a few live here permanently. The others represent American firms, and are transferred after a few years. : i Chile is one of the weirdest shaped countries in the world. It is 26 times as long as it is wide. If you were to lay it across the United States, it would reach from New York to San Diego, and wouldn't ‘Be any wider than half the width of Indiana. In the north, Chile is a vast, utter desert. In the center, it is temperate. In the south, it is like our far Northwest. The country has about 5,000,000 people. The rich are mighty rich, and the poor are awfully .poor. x : Chile is the most progressive nation of the west coast. Among other things, it is said to have the rest beautiful race track in the world. But I wouldn’t now, : : An American friend sent his Chilean chauffeur to drive us around over the city. He did not speak a ~ word of English. I thought he might take us to the race track, but he didn’t. So when we stopped at one of the high hills to look down upon the city, I tried to get the race-track idea across. ; We had a newspaper, and looked at the sports page. We pointed to a picture of a horse. “Ah, caballo,” said the chauffeur. Sure caballo.

Police Branch of Army

Then I drew, on the. back of an envelope, a race track, grandstand and all. Then I went like a horse running, and kept saying “race track, race track,” like an idiot. “Ah,” said the chauffeur. “Coche.” “Si, coche,” I said, being an agreeable soul. So we drove for 10 minutes. We came to a huge circular plaza. The car pulled up in front of a row of old-fashioned hansom cabs, like you see around Central Park. The chauffeur beamed and pointed. “Coche,” he said. “No,” I said. “No coche. . Race track.” We drove back to the hotel. The police force here is a branch of the Army and, they say, the best-trained branch. They are men who have been through the mill, and are tough babies in an emergency. : We were here on election day. A holiday was declared, and. everything was closed. Trouble was ex- _- pecged. Twelve thousand carabineers strolled up and | dewn the streets. . , Yet when election day was over, the toll of violence for the entire nation was one dead, 30 wounded and 130 arrested. Why. one good Kentucky election would make that look sick.

My Diary By Mrs. Eleanor Roosevelt

Boy Patient Talks World Affairs With F. D. R. at Warm Springs Feast.

ARM SPRINGS, Ga., Friday. —At 6:30 last evening, the President and I drove to Georgia Hall for Thanksgiving dinner with the patients and other guests. At 7 o'clock, central time, the President went on the air and many of you may have heard his short speech in which he told the patients of the beginnings of the Warm Springs Foundation, the steps which have followed, and the situation as it is today. Every time I come down here at this season, the picture in the dining room brings home to me more vividly than ever how extraordinarily courageous these people are. Down one side of the room last night were the stretcher patients recovering from some operation, who had to be fed and yet enjoyed the show. When they passed the President to shake hands with . him, they smiled up at him with real good cheer. Next to the President sat a little boy who was as natural with him as though he had known him all his life. The conversation might have been held between two people of the same age, for I heard mention of the world situation, the progress of Warm Springs _ expansion, and just as a mere afterthought, a reference to the fact that sitting up encased in a corset was not always absolutely comfortable. It never dimmed ‘the smile on the youngster’s face, however. Next to me sat a young woman of 28 who joked about her struggles getting in and out of bed, who loved every outdpor sport, particularly skiing because her home is in Canada. She looked with lénging at the patients who were trying to ride hofseback and hoped that the day would come when her back would be strong enough so that she could walk and canter a horse, even though trotting might be an impossible achievement.

Still Thinks Life Is Good

She was taken ill some months before an epidemic struck in Canada, and so she has written articles to

Mr. Pyle

{ YS tell other people that if you get infantile paralysis,

life can still be made worth living. She doesn't sleep very well and finds that she sometimes wakes up at night with bright ideas which might be ex‘panded into an article, and so she writes them on the

wall paper—which, she says, isn't very good for the wall paper! I agree that it might be more economical to keep a pad beside one, but think of the courage that makes her write at all, that makes her laugh at her infirmity and still think that life is good. The patients, themselves, with the aid of the newspapermen, put on a very good show after dinner. Wheel-chairs and crutches were completely ignored and patients and visitors were all “kidded” in friendly fashion. I know no place where you can end the day with more reasons for being thankful. We woke this morning to blue skies, but cold weather. I am going down to the pool, but I am not quite sure that I will have the courage to go in!

Bob Burns Says— OLLYWOOD, Nov. 26.—When I first mentioned that I might go to Honolulu all my friends - ‘that'd ever been there started callin’. me up and tellin’ me what to do and what not to do and they got me so mixed up and worried I come pret near not going.

I felt a whole lot like Grandma Snazzy did when |

she .took her first train ride. She went up to the conductor and says “Which end of this thing is the engine on?” The conductor says “Well, there's one on the back to help push us over the mountains” and she says “Is there one on the other end too?” and he _ says “Yes.” Then she says “Oh, dear, now I don't know what to do! They told me if I sat with my back to.the engine, I might get sick. 3 :

v

a ————

ow

Second

South

Our Latin Neighbors Fascist, but Not Pro-German, Is Claim

Though the present'Vargas regime in Brazil is itself ‘Fascist in principle, it was called upon this year to crush a revelt of “Green Shirt” Fascists. Here Vargas troops (left) are pictured as they made

prisoners of rebellious sailors.

(Last of a Series)

(Mr. Flynn's Regular Column, Page 10) !

By John T. Flynn

Times Special Writer HE trade drive of the Fascist powers ih South America has become seriously mixed up with the question of the drive of

fascism and naziism there.

Travelers go to Brazil, Chile, Peru, Ecuador and come back with: what seems to be wholly differing reports. One, assures us these countries have not gone Fascist. Another tells us with emphasis that they have. The contradictions arise entirely out of a failure of the several reporters to under-

' stand what fascism is.

Most people imagine that it is an essentially German or Italian product and that going Fascist means teaming up with Germany or.Italy. Therefore one writer tells us that these countries have not gone into a German gang agreement, hence they are not Fascist. The idea that a_country may go Fascist and yet be utterly hostile to Germany does not seem to occur to them.

‘First, therefore, we must know - what fascism is. Fascism: is a °

form of economic nationalism organized to control and direct the capitalist economic system with the object ot making it work, under the domination of a dictator. All the dramatic excesses—the mob scenes. the marching shirt brigades, the swastikas, the hounding of Jews, the militaristic jingoism—are merely the external trappings. _ The central core of fascism is an attempt to make the economic system work by controlling it. This of course is what socialisin attempts. Buf socialism abolishes profit and private property. Fascism seeks to preserve profit and private property. It divides the economic and political life of the nation into two sections. The political life it leaves to legislatures, public officials geographically arranged. The economic life it turns over to groups arranged by trades. ” ” ”

ACH industry has its governing body chosen within the industry. But this governing group is chosen chiefly by the employers. Labor has a voice, but through certain repressive policies that voice is kept very low. Over this economic life the political officials have little to say. ‘But the dictator himself is the final authority of course. : The dictator is essential to this setup. It won't work in a democracy. It attempts minute regulation of the conduct of every business. It is impossible to get compliance unless there is a ruthless dictator. And where you have a dictator you have appeals to the basest prejudices and to violence until the dictator has killed off all opposition. By this standard there is no

~

President Vargas Brazil and President Benavides of Peru. :

doubt that South American countries are on their way to fascism. "In Peru, for instance, Benavides suspended: the constitution, surrounded himself with storm troopers, subjected the country to minute economic regulation, adopted numerous social laws—old-age insurance, collective bargaining, three months’ notice to workers before dismissal with severance pay, restaurants for: the poor, model villages, huge public works programs, military preparation. In Brazil Vargas, by a coup d’etat, overthrows the constitution and writes his own, proclaims the corporative state, goes mili-

tary in ‘a ‘big way. Because of

this Some writers said he had led Brazil to fascism. But because he took measures against German propaganda and their antics, others said he had not gone Fascist. These latter made the mistake of supposing that going Fascist means teaming up with Germany or Italy. Beyond a doubt Brazil is going Fascist as are most of the other countries with the possible exception of Co-

lombia. 2 » o

pues is opposition to it. In

Chile the popular front has just won an election by a slim majority. The defeated candidate, Don Gustavo Ross, leader of the rightists, however, would have given the State a complete Fascist

regime had he won. But he is violently anti-German—anti-foreign, in fact. Indeed, this is the key to South America. Her countries suffer from serious economic disintegration. They are commodity countries like many of our states are commodity states, The dislocation of the world’s. commodity markets has seriously hit countries - like Brazil with her coffee, Chile with her nitrates and copper, Argentine with her wheat and beef. In seeking tn repair their economic life they turn to the Fascist pattern. They do not call it that. Indeed many do not realize it. But the Fascist pattern means nationalism. South Americans ‘are intensely nationalist. They are suspicious of foreigners. They dislike German penetration or American penetration, or English exploitation. They are Fascist but not pro-German. Of course the Germans carry on

Side Glances—By Clark

> “

"Our. canary. is

1938 NEA SERVICEIAL. PEG U.S MY OPP

(left) of

American

‘ grams interspersed with prop-

SATURDAY, NOVEMBER 26, 1938

rade

inds

Entered as Second-Class Matter at Postoffice. Indianapolis Ind.

PAGE 9!

Our Town By Anton Scherrer

Some Belated Thought Is Given fo Our French People Which Recalls "Colony" Founded by Gerard Many.

OU don’t know how badly 1 feel about being so late in getting around to the Many family of Indianapolis. And as for

make up our society—Sacre Dieu, I don’t dare look them in the face. Well, ‘all I can say is that I have been so busy looking up the Irish and Germans around here that it wasn’t until last night that I thought of Gerard

| Many who founded a French colony

in Indianapolis in 1853. Before Gerard Many turned up you could count the French in Indianapolis on the fingers of one hand. As a matter of fact, I know

#8 of only two—Father Gueguen who

As “good neighbors,” delegates from all the Western Hemisphere will gather in the handsome Con- | gress Building in Lima, Peru, when the Pan-American Conference meets to cope with problems of inter-

American relationships.

oy IT TI EA ST

Peruvian President Oscar Benavides has surrounded himself with a strong army to maintain what

amounts to a fascistic dictatorship.

intensive propaganda. There are Nazi parties. They operate a powerful short wave station which floods - every country with pro-

aganda. The Transocean News Service—a German corporation— operates as a domestic South American concern. Professors are furnished to schools free. Literature, magazines, books, lecturers swarm over the country. In spots, such as Santa Catherine province in Brazil, where Germans are congregated, they turn the schools into Nazi propaganda hives, teach the children to drill, sing the Horst ‘Wessel song and “Heil Hitler” instead of “Viva Brazil.” 2 8 =» UT most level-headed Americans in South America say the best answer to all this is to let the Germans alone. Already South American countries have become indignant at this. In Brazil laws have been adopted to break up German population clusters

and to limit immigration, while propagandists have been expelled. South Americans are allergic to drilling, saluting, singing Nazis. The sum of all this is that South America is going Fascist but not Nazi or pro-German. But how is the United States faring amid all this? Two problems face us in South America. 1. A trade problem. 2. The problem of living beside Fascist and semi-Fascist nations. At first, the trade problem. For years Britain and the United States exploited South America. We have about $3,100,000,000 in-

"vested there; Britain about $4,-

500,000,000. Of our investments: $1,500,000-, 000 are direct investments—that is, money invested ' in plants,

mines, ships, factories, etc. The balance are bonds—loans to states and. industries there. In this we differ from the Germans. They

- seek trade, exchange of com-

modities. We have acquired

lands ‘and natural resources. Of this $1,500,000,000 of direct investments about one billion belongs to a handful of companies. Here they are: American & Foreign Power, $290,000,000; Anaconda Copper, $220,000,000; International Telephone & Telegraph; $130,000,000; Swift, Armour, Wilson, $95,000,000; Kennecott Copper, $90,000,000; W. R. Grace & Co., $60,000,000; Standard Oil of N. J, $42,000,000; Cerro de Pasco, $41,000,000; Patino Enterprises

$34,000,000; Texas Corp. $13,000,-

000; Ford, $10,000,000; Firestone and Goodyear, $10,000,000; General Motors, $6,000,000; U. S. Steel, $4,000,000; making a total of $1,045,000,000. 2 2 2 Oo copper and nitrate interests—tHe largest—have suffered greatly. The nitrate industry of Chile collapsed because of the development of synthetic nitrates. The copper industry was

hit along with the world-wide copper industry. ‘ But while these corporations suffered, along with the petroleum companies, the countries themselves were. plunged into the gravest depression. They began almost confiscatory taxafion policies. In Chile; nitrate control was established in which the Government cut itself in as a partner. Export taxes were imposed on products exploited by American and British companies. Thus enormous losses have been sustained by American and British investors to the point where some invest-

Cope.

ix

ry

but for

oq

Everyday Movies—By Wortman

Work nan.

"Why, is it for my. customers.you alwa ; mark, "take in the back - seam, raise theicollar' and ’so: on until. it’ 3 other salesmen, ;

more than two dol-

international

~ advice cannot’ be

ments have been made valueless. And still further investments are threatened. { This, of course, is a serious problem for the corporations concerned. But it is purely a business’ matter, since these corporations own lands and natural resources within the territorial jurisdiction of other nationalities. We have to be on our guard that we, as a nation, be not drawn into international quarrels in South America over these interests. Second, as to the Fascist neighbors. That is indeed a serious matter. We have had a long history of getting along with military dictators of the old school. Fascist dictatorships as they now exist in South America are still dictatorships. They are no more likely to invité foreign aggression or foreign allies to enter South. America than the old dictators. Are we prepared to say that we will go down to South America to overthrow Fascist dictators? If we plan that, we must, of course, provide ourselves with a huge navy and army. If we have no such idea, then are we afraid of the Fascist dictators coming up here to attack us? That is fantastic. Our problem is on the one hand a job for the American exporters as businessmen. It is on’ the other hand a job for our National Government in the sphere of relationships. No man can think of a better plan than the behavior of the good neighbor —not just pleasant speeches about the good neighbor, but the conduct of our commercial and national relations upon a plan of absolute justice and regard for the rights of these greatly troubled 10 sisters ard a sympathetic understanding of the grave problems which beset them. (Copyright. 1938, NEA Service, Inc.)

TEST YOUR KNOWLEDGE

1—Name the capital of Georgia. 2—For what labor organization do the initials I. L. A. stand? 3—How is the first “a” in data pronounced? 4—In what year did the Charleston, S. C., earthquake _ occur? 5—In what country is Great Slave Lake? 6—For which State is “Sic semper tyrannis” the motto? 7—What is ‘the product of § multiplied by %? 8—What is zymurgy? ” 2% 8 Answers 1—Atlanta. . : 2—International Longshoremen’s Association. 3—It has the flat sound, as in

8—That - branch of applied chemistry which has to do with fermentation processes, as in wine making, brew-. ing, ete. - = » 8 ”

ASK THE TIMES Inclose a 3-cent stamp for reply when addressing any question of faet or information to The Indianapolis Times Washington Service Bureau, 1013 13th St, N. W., Washington, D. C. Legal and medical be . under-

ran St. John's Church at the time, and Joseph Parisette who ran a candy shop. And goodness only knows whether the two were on ‘speaking terms. Back in the Forties, Gerard Many was a Catholic priest operating in Champigneul Ardennes, France, and apparently he had enough time left en his hands to mix.in politics, too. Anyway, in 1848 he became a candidate for the House of Depus= ties on an Anti-Bonapartist ticket, the wonst thing he could have done. Soon as his candidacy was an= nounced, he was thrown into jail.” After an imprison=

Mr. Scherrer

\ ment of more than a year, he was given a trial, found

guilty of conspiracy and sentenced to exile, He chose America and arrived in New York in 1850. Strangely enough, he went to Brown County where, believe it or not, he came across a countryman. Then he came to Indianapolis. Things looked pretty good around here after what he had been through in France, and that prompted him to write home and invite all his brothers and sisters to come and join him, In a postscript he added that anybody outside the: family was welcome, too.

Proved He Was “Better Citizen”

Apparently, his family took him at his word be= cause when it came time to sail, the party consisted of 27 people, including 14 children. One-half of all the kids belonged to Bazille Lendormi who had married Mr. Many’s sister. It turned out, too, that a number of people had taken advantage of Mr. Many’s postscript for when the party arrived in Indianapolis,

Martin Turguin, for instance, and Louis Labarre, M. Failli, and Clementine Marquet. : Well, that was the start of the French colony in Indianapolis. They settled in and around N. Noble St, and got along beautifully with the Germans who, strangely enough, had appropriated that district as their own. And that recalls an old story Charlie Dennis used to tell. a : One day, Gerard Many and Carl Bergmann, an .0ld German music teacher around here, got into a violent argument as to who was the better American citizen. Finally Mr. Many asked: “When did you take out your first naturalization papers?” ... “When I had been here six months,” said the German proud= ly. . . . “I thought so,” said Mr. Many. my citizenship the same day I landed in New York, That makes me the better American.” The only thing left to tell, and possibly the ‘strangest, is that Gerard Many ceased to be a_priest and quit the Catholic Church when he came to In=dianapolis. He spent all his time here as a teacher ‘and there is a legend that he visited the City Library every day until 1879 when he was. foo. sick to go. Indeed, some people go so far as to say that he read every one of the time. .

Jane Jordan—

Girl Urged to Tell Friend to Forget Youth Who Seems Indifferent.

EAR JANE JORDAN-I have a very good girl friend who thinks a great deal of a young man whom she met recently. I shall call him A. She has had only one date with him, but we have reason to know that he likes her, His excuse for not asking her for more dates is that he is not working; yet we often see him in places where it is necessary to spend money and he never appears to be broke, My girl friend has ancther boy friend whom I shall call B. He is in love with her. She has told B that she does not love him but she admires him and enjoys his company. He has given the impression that they are going steady, but at the same time my girl friend has made it clear. to A that she is not going steady with B. When A sees her without a date he always acts very indifferent toward her until she makes the first move to acknowledge his presence. Then he is friendly. We think that perhaps his indifference is merely to cover some sort of complex he may have. Do you think she should give him a dose of his own medicine? TINY.

Answer—I should accept A's indifference as real and think no more about him. In studying a bay's indifference a girl will accept almost any reason exe

deeply interested in her.

has nothing to spend But the evening. Doubtless, this fact acts as a damper on the young man’s spirits and he doesn’t feel able to compete with another man more successful in job holding than he. I still say that his interest is weak or it couldn’t easily be masked by indifference. # . Let the girl friend continue to be pleasant and core dfal When she meets her heart's desire. Why knock his ears down if he already feels inadequate? It is useless to fancy that he is pining away with concealed feelings because the chances are that he is more come fortable about it all than she is. ” ” 2 '

EAR JANE JORDAN—I am a girl of 16. I live with my mother. I am going with a young fel= low who is married but has filed for a divorce. We want to go away and get married and keep it a secret until after he gets his divorce. He has a good jpb.—~ Anxious. :

. Answer—Your marriage will not be legal until after he gets his divorce. A man can’t take a second wif until he is divorced from first one. If you are too young to know this fact you are too young to be mare ried at all. JANE JORDAN.

Put your problems in a letter to J J answer Your questions in this column ras whe wa,

New Books Today Public Library Presents— :

\OR theater lovers and playgoers who enjoy recol XL lections of playwrights, producers, players and the old popular songs, Ernest Short and Arthur Compton-Rickett have written a colorful account English entertainment covering half a century. RING UP THE CURTAIN (Jenkins) is a pageant of the who have contributed, not to the serious drama, b to vaudeville, light opera, musical comedy and cabaret. SCRE : ! In the Sixties burlesque flourished with its nosed comedians and humor of the bar parlor ty a purely masculine institution; but with the intr duction of women, a gradual change took place. Gilbert and Sullivan operas became famous; Palaces of Variety were important for a generatic then the revue, elaborate and spec ar, was intr duced; and in recent years, the talent of the sh world been assembled for cabaret at the clubs. Today it is the feminin ence wi be amused gnd it is that

the rest of the French people who go to

it included not only relatives, but old friends like

“I declared

30,000 books the Library had at the

It is true that the lack of a job makes a boy feel inferior. Today's girl isn’t satisfied with a man who

RE ee

cept the real one and that is that he simply isn’ = = i