Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 18 November 1938 — Page 11

L

Second Section

GALLUP INSTITUTE

DOUBTS SWING TO

THIRD U.

S. PARTY

‘Studies Reveal Democrats and Republicans

Appeal to Widely Divergent Groups, Dimming La Guardia’s Prospects.

By DR. GEORGE GALLUP ' American Instiute of Public Opinion Director

. NEW YORK, Nov. 18.—The éfforts of New York's Mayor La Guardia

and other liberals toward forming

a national third party in politics

come at a time when the public is not particularly receptive to the third

party idea.

The Mayor ‘has started a series of conferences with other likeminded progressives, as he calls them, and word comes from Wisconsin that the La Follette brothers are undaunted in their efforts to shape a

National Progressive Party. But there is abundant evidence from the public opinion surveys of the Institute that such third party movements have relatively little chance of success at the present time. As “balance of power” parties which in a close election might cast the deciding vote for a candidate of one of the major parties, they

_ may achieve political importance. - But it is unlikely that any wide

popular swing toward a third party will take place the near future. Like Present System The Institute’s studies show that the voting population is on the: whole satisfied with the two-party system and believes that the present major parties are more adequate vehicles for the expression of the popular will than anything yet pro-

posed. The latest of| these studies asked voters throughout the nation whether they thought the time had come to give up the present Republican and Democratic Parties and have two new ones—one for conservatives, the other for liberals. The vote was 70 per cent “no,” 30 per cent “yes.” This vote, which would indicate that no majority dissatisfaction exists with the present party labels, is not surprising in view of the fact

“| that Institute studies show more

real difference between Republican and Democratic Party sentiment today than has probably existed in many years. The difference lies in the fact that the two parties are today serving as vehicles of expression for widely divergent income groups. The Institute’s studies show, for example, that the lower-income voters, particularly in the: North, now look upon the Democratic Party as their vehicle for political expression, while the upper income groups fall in with the Republican

Party. This was true in 1936 and is}

true today.

1936 Today Upper Income Group 42% 28% Middle Income Group 59 49 Lower Income Group 76 73 So long as the two parties con-

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tinue to appeal to widely divergent groups of voters and express divergent points of view, the prospects for a third party are not bright. If the two major parties were to draw together in their viewpoint and philosophy so as to become almost indistinguishable, then it is possible that a third party with a wholly different point of view might grow successfully. The La Pollette brothers believe, according to reliable sources, that both major parties will fail to improve business conditions and that, according. to Raymond Clapper, “the Democratic Party is now bent upon competing with the Republicans as the conservative party.” For these reasons: they have hores of success for their National Progressive Party. .

One of 11 Interested When this © organization was launched early ‘in this year, the Institute conducted a survey to test its popular strength. Only about one person in 11 who had heard of

the movement showed a desire to join it—a reliable indication that no great | dissatisfaction -existed with the present two-party: system. But the! Institute study also showed that the National Progressive Party drew many more voters from the Democrats than from the Republicans. The same was true of Huey Long's old Share-the-Wealth Party which, according to Institute surveys at the time, drew twice as heavily from the Democrats as from the G. O. P. It is likely that any third party movement if successfully launched would be -a threat Shisfly to the Democrats.

HOLY NAME PARTY SET Members of Holy Name Parish, Beech Grove, will hold their annual turkey dinner and party Sunday, in the school | | auditorium. Dinner will be served from 11:30 a. m. 10.2 p.. m. and a luncheon from

5:30 to 7 the evening.

LOCK Co.

What Price Tn Insurance?

FRIDAY, NOVEMBER 18, 1938

Second

Entered as Second-Olass Matter at’ Postoffice, Indianapolis Ind,

U. S. Can Guard All Americas Without Colossal Spending Expert Says

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This map shows why a strong navy and a small, mobile army can protect both the United States and the New World as a whole. force could get within striking distance without first overwhelming the United States

By Bruce Catton

Ng£A Service Staff Writer

MERICA is going to rearm.

President Roosevelt has

urged it; polls show a majority of citizens favor it. But no one yet has explained just how much rearmament is needed or how expensive it is going to be. Now, however, there comes a military authority to declare that no very stupendous program is necessary; to say that America can protect herself fully against invasion, can guard the South American continent from conquest and can defend all of America’s vital interests in the Pacific without either ending colossal sums of money,

building an unwieldy military machine or undergoing any degree of regimentation. : This authority is Maj. George Fiélding Eliot; his findings are presented in a book, “The Ramparts We Watch,” just published by Reynal & Hitchcock.

Assuming that America wants simply to guard her own shores, defend the New World and protect her interests in the Pacific, Maj. Elio} gavserts that the job

In the Pacific, no hostile fleet or air

can be done far more cheaply than most people suppose. Such a program, he says, requires the Nation to base its defense on the following principles 1. To maintain a fleet stronger than any fleet or combination of fleets which can be assumed as possible = antagonists in either ocean,

2. To keep that fleet concentrated in one océan. 3. To maintain an Army strong enough to defend all fleet bases (both on the continent and in

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outlying possessions like Hawaii and Panama), to guard the United States’ principal seaports and to

furnish a mobile, instantly avail- |

able force which could deal with

any possible landing force or provide a small expeditionary force for offensive warfare.

meeting any. conceivable attack,

and a sufficiency of antiaircraft

units. 4. To make the Panama Canal

impregnable, and to supplement it

by construction of a canal across Nicaragua.

5. To keep our Army and Navy separate, but to make full plans) for their co-operation when necessary; and to continue the air de-| fense on its present basis rather than setting up a separate depart-

ment for it as so many air en-

_thusiasts have urged.

fleet and seizing the country’s island outposts. Sea and the Panama Canal gives the American fleet the power to checkmate any

stroke from overseas.

Included | under this heading is the maintenance of an air force capable of |

OW big a fleet would such a program involve? For our purposes, says Maj. Eliot, the present battleship program—which contemplates 18 battleships of an aggregate of 630,000 tons—is adequate. If it should develop that Japan is building the huge battleships which have been rumored, these figures should be revised upward; otherwise, they are sufficient. In cruisers, we probably need 45. We now have, built or building, 18 heavy cruisers and nine light cruisers. The addition of 18 light cruisers would fill the bill. As to destroyers, the present program—which calls for a total tonnage of 228,000—is possibly adequate but, according to Maj. Eliot, might well be revised upward to some extent. The su marine program, which calls for some 56 vessels of 81,957 tons, probably is inadequate; a total of

In the Atlantic, control of the Caribbean

80 subs is considered essential by Maj. Eliot. 8 » ”

MERICA now has five airplane carriers, with a capacity of 560 planes. The Vinson Bill provides for 40,000 additional tons in this class; when these ships are built our carrier strength should be ample. Incidentally the total of 3000 naval aircraft called for in the Vinson Bill is perhaps adequate, but certainly not excessive. As to the Army, Maj. Eliot is equally explicit—and equally reassuring. If, he says, we make up our minds that we are not going to fight in Europe or undertake to police the world anywhere else, we can have a secure defense by maintaining a regular Army of only 238,000 men. These he would divide as follows: For overseas garrisons (Pan-

PAGE 11

10PERCENT OF

COUNTY'S 1938 TAXES UNPAID

| Delinquency About Same as

Last Year; Receipts Are $17,918,149.

| A 10 per cent tax delinquency for 1938, about the same as last year, was estimated today by County Treasurer Frank E. McKinney aft-

|er tabulations of both spring and

fall collections showed $17,918,149.71

receipts. The fall collections, the deadline

667,493.31, about the same as a year ago, and collections last spring were $9,250,656.40. The collections included both cure rent and delinquent taxes. taxes levied for 1938 amounted to $18,245,792.73. In addition there is $2,122,87372 in old delinquencies

|still on the books.

The $17,918,149 taken in this year leaves $2,450,517 uncollected taxes on the books. Real estate that on Nov. 1 had been on the delinquent list longer than 15 months will be offered for sale at the annual tax auction in January.

ama, Hawaii, and so on), 44,500. For coast defense at home, 20,000. : For antiaircraft defense, 16,200. For the air corps, 23,000. For a mobile army of nine small divisions together with the neces= sary cavalry, tank regiments, headquarters troops, and so on, 135,000. If there is added to that a National Guard of 220,000 men, prop= erly organized and equipped, the: United States could, in case of emergency, marshal overnight a compact striking force of 205,000 men—and still have in reserve a force of 18 National Guard divi= sions of 4250 men each which would be a framework for such additional = volunteer . forces as might be needed. 2 2

UCH a striking force could beat off any hostile expeditionary force which conceivably could be put down on American shores. It could seize such island outposts as might be required in a Caribbean or Pacific war, or serve as an expeditionary force in any other field which a policy designed to preserve American security might

require.

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