Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 11 November 1938 — Page 20

PAGE 20 ~The Indianapolis Times

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Give Light and the People Will Find Their Own Way

FRIDAY, NOVEMBER 11, 1938

ARMISTICE DAY HE Unknown Soldier being honored today at Arlington died in vain trying to make this a warless world, safe for democracy. He failed because nations simply will Tot risk war in defense of abstract principles, however high. They will fight only when their own interests are immediately and directly involved. But this we owe to the Man of Arlington and his 130,000,000 American kin: We should do all we can to carry forward the American ideal of peace which was in the air on that first Armistice Day two decades ago. Meanwhile, we must mount vigilant guard over the Western Hemisphere that it, at least, shall remain a sanctuary for hu-

man liberty.

THE ‘SECRET SEVEN’ REPORT

T is interesting to know that the municipally owned Citizens Gas & Coke Utility reported a net loss of $40,000 during the third quarter. We know that to be a fact, because the board of directors says so in a nicely bound folder containing six pages of a financial statement. (If they wanted to be economical, they might have saved three pages by writing on both sides of the paper.) But whether the company should have lost money or made money, whether it is efficiently or inefficiently operated, whether it is spending too much or too little on equipment—those things are not clear. We don’t know. No other ordinary citizen does. Nobody, that is, except the Secret Seven on the board who draw the blinds, lock the door, plug the keyhole and play Fu Manchu or something in those mysterious star chamber huddles they hold.

For, unfortunately, the Citizens Gas & Coke Utility does not operate with the public as a publicly owned utility. Most Indianapolis residents still regard it as a private concern. - And so they should. For its meetings are not open to the public. All of its books are not open to inspection. Its plans are secret. Its operations are hedged about with all the mystery of a new military secret.

The public would understand better and care more if the City’s utility were to bring its business out in the open. : The public owns that . mcern—not the seven directors.

THE ELECTIONS AND LABOR THE C. I. O. will hold its first national convention in Pitts- — burgh next week, under the shadow of election returns showing its failures in politics to have been almost as spectacular as its achievements in union organizing.

Governor Murphy’s defeat in Michigan is directly traceable to the C. I. O. auto union’s sit-down strikes. There were virtually no issues other than Governor Murphy's patient tolerance of the many unauthorized interruptions in the auto factory schedules, some of them in defiance of State laws and many in violation of union contracts. The revulsion against what had happened was mot confined to the so-called upper and middle classes. Some election districts almost wholly populated by dues-paying auto union members went against the C. I. O. choice.

In Pennsylvania the C. I. O. was twice defeated, first in the Democratic primary, and again last Tuesday. There, too, surprising returns came in from districts where hituminous coal miners are predominant. At the Pittsburgh convention the C. I. O. leadership will have an opportunity to reorient itself in line with the desires of rank and file workers, whose primary interest is in better wages and working conditions and more regular employment. They dislike seeing their organized energies dissipated in political struggles and in controversies between rival union leaders. When the American Federation of Labor was holding its convention in ITouston last month, President Roosevelt sent a warning message, in which he said: “If leaders of organized labor can make and keep the peace between various opinions and factions within the labor group itself it will vastly increase the prestige of labor with the country and prevent the reaction which otherwise is bound to injure the workers themselves.” It is almost true that the same message, worded in the past tense, could be sent to next week’s C. I. O. convention. Almost—but not quite. While Tuesday’s conservative sweep is proof that the reaction has started, the swing has not yet gone far enough to injure the workers. There is still time for the leaders of the C. I. O. and the A. F. of L. to bury their differences and unite on a program which American workers and the general public will support.

THE ATATURK PASSES

: MUSTAPHA KEMAL ATATURK GHAZI, President of the Turkish republic, is dead. We of the West, prone to measure the rest of mankind by our own standards, are likely to skip lightly over this news. But the Ataturk was a most remarkable man. name will live in history and deservedly. From one of the most despotic sultanates known to history, he and the men around him converted Turkey into a relatively modern republic. They wrote a constitution and set up a national assembly. They gave the vote to women as well as men. They abolished polygamy and slavery, reformed the church, made civil marriage obligatory. Sunday, instead of Friday, the traditional Mohammedan sabbath, was made the weekly day of rest. The Gregorian calendar was adopted along with a 24-hour clock. The metric system was introduced, also a simplified language with a new, streamlined spelling using a Latin alphabet. And, last but not to be ignored in this day and. time, the rights of minorities were recognized without regard to “ race or religion. : All things considered, therefore, Turkey’s new deal en~eompassed what had required centuries of reforms and revolutions in Western civilization. He did so well that his people bestowed on him the title which Americans so proudly gave to. Washington—father of his country. That is to say, Ataturk.

His

Washington

By Rodney Dutcher

Wallace Talks of Mattresses But His Mind Is on Boosting Milk Sales; New York Market Plan Studied.

ASHINGTON, Nov. 11.—Secretary /of Agriculture Henry A. Wallace sticks doggedly to his espousal of a “two-price” system for agricultural products with which poor people are inadequately supplied. He talks mostly about cotton mattresses, but his mind concentrates on “two-price” milk, From the beginning of the New Deal there has been vague discussion in AAA and the Department of Agriculture of making milk a “public utility.”

Mr. Wallace's ideas don’t carry him that fag, but he does contemplate cheap distribution ior fags which can’t buy at regular prices—plus a larger! market for farmers who often peddle their surplus milk for a fourth that price. It was on Mr, Wallace's order that the Department press service significantly mimeographed copies of a Consumers’ Guide article on operation of the New York system through which poor families buy milk at 8 cents a quart. . ® ” » VIDENCE is indisputable that low income families don’t get enough milk and that with each reduction of a cent a quart these families buy more, The nutritionists say adults should have a pint a day, children nearly a quart. (Including equivalents such as cheese and butter.) All surveys have shown consumption far below

this standard. In one city 50 per cent of the families.

bought more milk when sales in gallon jugs began to cut the price from 10 to 7% cents a quart. In another a 2-cent price cut meant a 14.5 per cent increase in consumption by low income families, 11.1 per cent in the intermediate group and 6.2 per cent in the top group. A Boston survey showed half the families on relief buying no milk. When milk was given them the relief families bought just as much milk as before but increased their consumption from 13,000 to 39,000 quarts a day. 2.8 =n : EEKING to define “professional” employees, as required under the wage-hour act, lawyers of the Wages and Hours Division agreed the word was “impossible of definition.” Nevertheless, there was the law and definition were made the omission would be equivalent to saying there was no such thing as a “professional.” For protection of employers who hired “professionals,” a definition must be made. The job of drafting it was handed to 27-year-old Joe Rauh, brilliant Harvard Law School graduate who served the late Supreme Court Justice Cardozo as secretary.

Mr. Rauh protested on grounds of extreme youth |

but was overruled. (Another lawyer, asked to define “areas of production” as required by the act, struggled with it a few days and resigned.) : The result was a four-part “definition” which in effect said a professional was an employee qualified as to knowledge—including something beyond academic education—and doing work not entirely of a routine nature. At a conference of employers and labor representatives called by the Business Advisory Council the employers said this was fine and the labor people said it was “too ambiguous.” Mr. Rauh and his associates promise further separate definitions for various classes of employees.

Business By John T. Flynn

Revolution Laid to Fiscal Woes of . Rulers, Not Peoples, in New Study.

EW YORK, Nov. 11.-Prof. Crane Brinton of Harvard has written a book in which he attempts to trace the origin and symptoms and causes of revolutions.” One would have to check rather minutely on his history to evaluate his conclusions. But they are certainly interesting. He examines the economic causes which are sup-

posed to lie at the bottom of most revolutions. H decides that the so-called economic distress of th population is not the usual cause. Revolutions do not originate in countries whose people have been sunk in the deepest poverty and who rise up to cast it off. Such populations are disposed to go on suffering the poverty to which they slowly grow accustomed. But he does not cast aside the economic origin of revolution. He merely finds it in a different spot. Bevolutions come, he insists, to countries whose gov= ernments, rather than/the populations, get into economic difficulties. If we dre to look for the scene of future revolutions we should look, according to his theory, in countries which answer the following description: 1. A population having advanced prosperity. 2. With a government chronically in need of money and resarting persistently to oppressive taxation. 3. And with a powerful class which believes its economic interests are threatened by the government’s policies.

Symptoms Found in England

His theory corresponds with that of Prof. Merriam who examined six revolutions in Europe in the 18th Century and found them all to begin with war on taxation.

There is, of course, a good deal of plausibility in

the argument. The French revolution is supposed to have been caused by the great poverty of the people. But France was not a poo. country by the standards of that time; indeed it was a rich country. The story of the French Revolution frequently is told in chapters marked by the successive efforts of finance ministers to make ends meet. Obviously Prof. Brinton had his eye on some modern nations. All of them have now run into the seemingly inescapable suffering of rising, taxation. The most seriously affected in this respect is England. Also there is a lesson for us in the story. We are now embarked upon a career of taxation which is certainly not too high now, but would be enormously too high if we paid our bills. :

A Woman's Viewpoint By Mrs. Walter Ferguson |

never imagined I'd get to the pessimistic state of believing it didn’t much matter whether babies were saved or not. Yet I feel no embarrassment in confessing that such is now the case, Before Dr. Paul De Kruif proved that the breast fed baby is the healthiest baby, I was committed to the theory, often at the risk of being called an old fogy. For years in this column I have ding-donged about the high maternal death rate in our country. For most of my mature life I have talked about and thought about and prayed for babies. I take no credit for this. It is natural and right that women should be concerned about child welfare, Yet, of late, the question, “Why keep them alive?” slides as easily into my consciousness as: the one which asks, “Why let them die?” I believe Mr. Henry Mencken raised his voice to good purpose when le pointed out that the increase in the birth rate of

syphilitics and morons endangers our society and that until we face the fact we must consider ourselves coerced by maudlin sentimentalism, : Also, as we well know, millions of healthy women in the United States do not bear their quota of children because they are afraid of the future. They rebel at the thought of bringing babies into a world where there is so little economic security and small

.chance for them to escape being bombed to bits.

To most of us the idea of undergoing pain and worry and heartbreak in order to increase the supply of bombers is also repellent. No woman likes to think of herself as mothering murderers. And so that is why I have come to my present mournful mood. i : As it is; the world is not a fit place for babies and at our hands the gift of life is a sorry boon,

it was further agreed that if no

_ THE INDIANAPOLIS

The Sun Rises in th

1Gen. Says—.

Johnson

We Can Still Celebrate Armistice With Thanksgiving Despite Tragic

EW YORK CITY, Nov. 11.—This is the twentieth anniversary of Armistice Day. Armistice is an awkward word. In its strictly military sense, it used to mean a temporary halt in hostilities with an agree= ment that neither side would take advantage of the breathing spell to strengthen its position. What happened on Nov. 11, 1918, was no armistice in that sense. It was & surrender. If largely dis armed and partially despoiled Germany. ; A moral obligation of the armistice promptly

was

evaded. German.arms were laid down on the: basis

of Mr. Wilson’s Fourteen Points. These were designed

Mistakes of Peace That Followed,

~| with an eye to world peace in the distant future.

1 wholly defend to

The Hoosier Forum

disagree with what you say, but will the death your right to say it.—Voltaire.

SUGGESTS MODERNIZING HAS PROVED BOOMERANG

By Interested. ; It it possible that the wonderful results accomplished in recent years by “modernization of plants and equipment” are acting as a boomerang? Unfortunately it begins to look that way. The tremendous.sums that have been spent in this way have contributed much toward temporary relief of the acute unemployment situation, but what has been the net result? Is it going too far to say that the word “modernization” used in this connection means, literally translated, greatly increased productive capacity with greatly decreased manpower? Has not this.decrease in manpower automatically reduced the market for the output of said increased productive capacity, thereby creating an unanswerable economic problem? In an article an item appeared about a certain company, stating as I remember, that it had paid $35 in taxes to every $1 in dividends over a recent period. I have been wondering how many people realize that a very large part of this tax money was collected by the State and Federal governments to support, through relief channels, the very péople who received this money and much more in their pay envelopes before the plants were “modernized.” When they received the money on’ paydays they were good customers for the things they helped produce but. are not so while on relief and are getting, after the enormous overhead costs of the relief system have been taken care of, only a small fraction of the pay they used to earn. .

The interesting question is: Has

said “modernization of plants and|equipment” turned out to be a real}

economy or an expensive investment without producing the expected results? I am not. well enough in-

formed to answer this and would| like to know: which is greater, the| amount saved in payroll through)

“modernization” or the amount paid through taxation for the support of former employees: now on relief, However, all of this is- unimportant as there is nothing we can do about

it except to stop complaining t6o|.

hard about taxes for relief, 2 5.» READER TIRED OF BUMPY STREETS By N.T. 0. ; Now thdt the Democrats ate reelected for another local adminis tration, isn’t it about time somebody did something about our local streets—somehow. I know the answer. Money is low:

McNutt’s. bid. for national honors, as do most people who lean toward the liberal point of view. It seems to me that he is one of the most menacing figures on the national horizon, a potential autocrat more dangerous than Franklin D. Roosevelt ever thought of being. It is for that reason that I regret Mr, Willis’. failure to be elected, if by that election he would have put a severe and permanent barrier in the path of Mr. McNutt's Presidential aspirations.

2 2 = EXPECTS NEW DRIVE ON COMMUNISTS

(Times - readers are invited to express thei views in these columns, religious cons troversies ‘excluded. Make your ‘letter short, so all can ‘have a chance. Letters must’ be signed, but names will be withheld on request.)

Tax collections are bad. Budgets are budgets. Sure, but bumpy streets are bumpy streets and taxes are high and we (the poor, old public) ought to get at least a little something: out of it, instead ‘of bumps. At least they ought to fix one street. Then here would be something smooth about the town. » 2 =

Tah wna,

By ToC. 0, fel - The Républicans have made substantial gains, The New: Deal is scared stiff. : ; And so I suppose that proves the WHOE-E-E-E-E xn justice of the Red hunt and everyCALLING ALL EXPERTS! body from Mr. Martin Dies to that Sv 3.4.9 certain person in our town who goes : $ » £ ot |around making speeches will shout fas cine Hight Shoup Silly So that this is proof that America bates that seem to have no end. sie Communists wiped off The question was this: “Do pigs’ : tails curl to the right or left?” bi 1 Joohen Haves Ty Dad, But I contended they naturally curl to Shucks! y > the right. Can your farm editor y give us a positive answer—positive enough so that I can collect the bet I made?

2 2 8 CONTRIBUTES POEM FOR ARMISTICE DAY By Tony Burke. Please accept the following poem as a confribution to the memory of Armistice Day: : ARMISTICE

"Twas eleven months and eleven days, : Just twenty years ago, Through the swirls of smoky haze The doughboys won the show.

x = = i REGRETS WILLIS’ FAILURE TO STYMIE MNUTT By R. A. Weber i "While 1.have no love for the “Little Publisher” from Angola, I shall keenly regret his defeat if -that means thdt former Governor McNutt’'s chances for the Presidency will be enhanced. I feel deep concern about Mr.

HOPE

By JAMES D. ROTH © Life -ends; but yet begins, * At'Death’s sad hour. - Fargotten are our sins, ~~. We ‘bow to mystic power.

AR. sad life’s end at last, "But comfort calms the way, ‘THe storm is past. a Ther¢’ll come a brighter day. - DAILY THOUGHT And’ it shall be, if the wicked man be worthy to be beaten, that the judge-:shall cause him to lie down; and. to be beaten before his

face, according to his fault, by a |. certain number. — Deuteronomy May that hour end the chain of

HE or Se ? Do your part in that hour of prayer, To do away with the visual Mars For the boys who. were over there.

The zero hours had passed away And blue skies dawned again; It marked a national holiday The day: we brought them in,

And now we celebrate the hour In which the war had ceased And put a thoughtful memory flower or

‘On the graves of those deceased.

We bow our heads “in an hour of prayer— The hour that marked the end, And on.this day of every year Pay tribute to hero and friend.

HE seeds of our punishment are A _sown:at the same time we commit the. sin,—Hesiod.

1 NO. Every now and then you read of some man having committed suicide “because he could

not face the stigma of going to a need

LET'S EXPLORE YOUR MIND

By DR. ALBERT EDWARD WIGGAM

|- wrong. ‘Everybody needs mental

tle more about how to keep his mind healthy and his heart. at

his . body well. To help people achieve happiness and be at peace is. the business of the mental expert. We all neea help of this kind at times, and from an expert, not a friendly layman. ? » " » 2 NOT BY A JUGFUL=it is show his superiority. The ornery jcuss has been secretly hoping she would make a mistake and give him a chance to shoot in his jaw. He knows it will humiliate her to have her mistake pointed out and that if he did not call attention to the error no one would notice it, but the lowdown creature he is causes him to forget her feelings and jump into the spotlight, Such husbands are just plain ornery. ® 8 =» NO, not on this basis alone. : It: is fair to start children out on the basis of intelligence tests, and: then if the slow ones work harg they will be promoted and if the bright pnes loaf—as they often do they will be demoted. Most schools now follow this plan. Intelligence tests are indications as to what each: pupil can dona in some respects what he can’t be ed with

0, but they must coupl .8chool grades and d

‘hygiene as much or more than physical: hygiene, and at times may id a 1

-| diplomatic weapons.

peace than he does about keeping.

The Allies had no intention of accepting them in spirit. Some of their leaders had promised to hang the Kaiser and make Germany pay for the war. That was an impossibility. ; In modern war any great military nation can dee

stroy in four years more than she can pay for in 8

century,

2 #2 2

euchred out of -existence. Having obtained the disarmament of Germany through the armistice, the Allies, in the Treaty Versailles, put upon her burdens that no nation could bear. Germany could no longer fight against them with’ military weapons. But she could, and did, immediately begin fighting with financial, economic and Thus just as there was no: true armistice but a surrender, because it disarmed Germany, so also it was no true cessation of hostilities, I¢ merely changed the form of conflict from the military field to the field of economics and so-called diplomacy. In this, the war victors all have been vanquished. Also in the 20 years of war on the battlefields of finance, trade and diplomacy the whole world has suffered in a state of semiparalysis and constant apprehension and danger. Germany had been a great activator of the world’s commerce—an important con« sumer of raw materials, an important producer of hu= manity’s conveniences. Suddenly to carve her out was like the amputation of a man’s leg.

2 8 =» IF the meantime’ the war burdens on Germany cre ated Hitler and his Nazis as the only means of escape for an oppressed people—and Hitler, on all three fronts, economic, diplomatic and military, has outmaneuvered all his adversaries and now stands astride the world with a new threat of war. All those who bore heavy responsibilities during the World War will remember the ecstatic surcease when the wholesale slaughter stopped. It was an almost unbelievable relief. It was like waking from a nighte mare, Anything was. better than that—even the pres ent era of evil in international relations. So we can still celebrate Armstice Day with thanksgiving though it is tempered with so many regrets, : : There is a single cause of -all this misfortune from

and unfairness in international relations. The elimination of them, if that is possible, is the sole key to peace and prosperity in the world,

It Seems to Me By Heywood Broun

Foreign Affairs Attracting More Interest Among American Citizens.

EW YORK, Nov. 11—In the next two years American voters are likely to be concerned with foreign as well as domestic issues. THis is said partly in the belief that there may be happenings abroad calculated to raise great interest here. But watchful waiting is already under way. Newspapers print more foreign news than formerly and the radio has developed a large audience for commentators speaking from distant lands. ; Our own metropolitan areas are no longer safe against the possibility of being cities of the front. But the city dwellers of America have always had more than a passing interest in happenings across the waters, It is in the Middle Western farm areas that there has been the greatest growth in world consciousness, The shot fired in Serbia in 1914 had almost no immediate repercussions here. And even in 1917 and 1918 there were many in the American army who had only the slightest notion of what all the shooting was about. They had reason for their uncertainty. Waiving the question of Woodrow Wilson’s rightness or wrongness, the foreign policy of America was conducted almost in secret by the President and the State Department, . That should not occur again. The American public of today is well informed. It has an opinion on the problem of Spain and China and the Munich pact.

Foreign Policy. Seems Lacking At the moment, we seem to be in an even worse position than that 6f having no foreign policy at all, We are operating under three or four policies which

| are mutually exclusive, Ambassador Kennedy enunci-

ated one suggestion on out attitude toward Munich and the President, in a broadcast a few days later, took precisely the opposite stand. I do. not see how Mr. Kennedy can .be anything but a liability from now on. ei : In his pre-election radio address, Mf. Roosevelf criticized the philosophies of both fascism and come munism, but the State Department has put na barrier against the entrance of mien known as Fascist’ propagandists while seeking out technicalities to whom it suspects of Ieft wing tendencies. no logic in this practice. John Strachey was detained at Ellis Island and ‘his Fascist cousin was allowed to come in and lecture. : carrying the gospel of the Cliveden set to’ American publicists. Frankly, I am for no barriers at sll against opinion but the next best thing would be some; evenhanded method of dealing in the same way with both ‘messengers of the Left and Right, =~

Watching Your Health By Dr. Mortis Fishbein JHYSICIANS both in this country and abroad are convinced that the refinements of life and. social comfort have not:tended to encourage mothers to feed their own babies. Indeed, the effects of our most complex civilizatich have been to the contrary, As far back as the 18th Century ‘women of the nobility and women of fashion hired nurses to take care of the baby. -In those days our modern methods of artificial feeding were unknown, Cow's milk was not a satisfactory substitute fot mother’s milk, If the mother failed to obtain & wet nurse, she either had to nurse the baby Herself of permit the child to die. SE Now we have learned so much about the feeding

of babies that we have many alternatives. We not only have cow’s milk-in- usable form, together with

that goes with artificial feeding, but also dried milk, condensed milk, ad milk substitutes.

ing should never be used if the mother’s milk is satisfactory and if she can be persuaded to under-

more mothers to nurse their babies. service in Chicago, only 48 per cent were entirely

most from the day of birth. The figures from all over the world seem. to show

that hreast-fed bablés are more frée from. disease

the so-called armistice to the present day—selfishness

Most of Mr. Wilson's Fourteen Points were gently

ie

ford Beaverbrook moves freely back ahd forth, :

feeding bottles and all of ‘the ‘other paraphernalia Most physicians are convinced that artificial feed- |

take the feeding of the child herself. Physicians are convinced that a good many of the unnecessary deaths of infants could be prevented by ‘getting more and

Among 20,000 babies listed in the infant welfare f

breast fed for nine months. It seems possible that about 20 per cent of babies are artificially fed ale

s x