Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 24 September 1938 — Page 7

7 iit

From Indiana = Ernie Pyle

Many of the 400 Boys at Quoddy Know It's Their Last Chance To Equip Themselves for a Job.

UODDY VILLAGE, Me.. Sept. 24. All of the 400 boys enrolled in the Quoddy Work Experience Project come from New York and New England.

They must be between 18 and 25. and |

must have been through the sixth grade.

Their parents must be on relief. A good percentage of the boys have been in CCC camps. When they arrive they go through an intelligence test. An eighth of them have I. Qs below 75, which means not very bright. One seventh are above 105, which means pretty smart. The perfect I. Q. is 116. Several of the present class reach 113, which is brilliant. The class average is 85.2. On the average, the boys have been through the first year of high school, but most of them have forgotten what they learned. Nearly 63 per cent of the boys are Catholic. Protestants run 33 per cent, Jews a little over 3 per cent, and about 1 per cent no formal religion at all. There are 10 Negroes. The boys are housed in two huge dormitories, built originally for the skilled workers on the Passamaquoddy Dam project. There are no barn-like barracks with long rows of cots. Instead, the dormitories are divided into apartments—each with two

rooms. kitchenette and bath. There are five in each apartment, sleeping on Army cots. They don't use the |

Kitchenette. since they eat in a central mess hall. The boys work and go to schoo. seven hours a day. five days a week. On evenings and week-ends they may gn to nearby Eastport. or any place they choose.

Disciplinary rules are few, but nobody has the freedom |

of college.

However, there is considerable of a college spirit | They haze the smart-alecks by putting | kinds of | college sports, two dances and two movies a week: i ut out a school newspaper, and the political |

in the place.

cornflakes in their beds: they have all they

clubs flourish.

They Get $15 2 Month

The bovs have

clear. families.

a month to their

are paid 8i3 to send money home

there

men

here who are mature this is probably

25-year-oldsters who realize

are and

chance to equip themselves for anv kind of liveli-

hood

There are 22 “subjecis” from which the boys can |

choose anv

They weeks

three. and

seven

are here five months. serve a term in each of subjects. Actually, they choose only two, becomes compulsory. This is because practically everybody wants to take machine shop, garage, and electricity, leaving nobody burning with zeal

mowing lawns or painting fences. Hence the

“Painting” and “Grounds Improvement” units usually |

have to be filled by direct assignment Of course it is recognized that thoroughly trained in a skilled trade in seven weeks. The project makes no pretense of doing so. That isn't the idea. The idea is that a boy who has seven weeks of this intensive coaching in three

different crafts will know at the end which one he |

wants to go into permanently. And at the end of the five months, Well. the bov knows the fundamentals. speak the language of three trades. He goes home and tries to get inte a machine shop (which was his first choice) as an apprentice If he fails, then he tries all neighborhood, as a mechanic's turns up then, he can try somebody’s yard. If all these fail. he can go back to odd-job work in his local NYA unit, or sink back into hopelessness. cushioned by the warming fact that he ate well for five months at Quoddy, anvhow.

My Diary

By Mrs. Eleanor Roosevelt

the garages in his helper. If nothing to find a job raking

Thomas Mann's Book Makes First Lady |

Feel Need of Thinking Things Through.

YDE PARK. Friday—Thomas Mann seems to imply at times that force must be met with force, but that is what we have Been doing from generation to generation As we look back over history there has alwzvs been one great

seems as though controlling nation

which really directed. the rest of the world and allowed |

the others to have a certain amount of power. The controlling nation has shifted from time to time, and, perhaps, at the moment we are watching another It is very difficult for me to think this situation through. If we decide again that force must be met with force. then is it the moral right for any group of

people who believe that certain ideas must triumph |

hold back from the conflict? Thomas Mann's book on what he terms the coming of democracy, certainly does put certain guestions before us in a way which stirs our consciences and makes American people feel the necessity of thinking through the fundamentals of their beliefs and policies. 1 spent the day in New York City and then drove back to Hyde Park in the late afternoon.

victory

New Books Today

Public Library Presents—

“PLEASANT mixture of sentiment and thrills” makes for good reading in J. B. Priestley’s latest novel : The mystery of Andrea MacMichael. the beautiful American giri. begins on the Riviera, and that of her uncle. a famous physicist. in London. These are followed to California by romance and adventure in the persons of handsome Englishman and young scientist; and they are joined by the adventurer, Jimmy Edlin, who is seeking the murderers of his

the

brother.

and brings everything to light on the California desert. Then. we are glad the world was not blown to pieces by THE DOOMSDAY MEN (Harper). = = x UALIFIED to write of that once thoroughly American institution, the Chautauqua, Gay MacLaren combines in MORALLY WE ROLL ALONG (Little) history, satire, and apology. As a part of the “talent” which, orice brought entertainment and education to the small towns and the rural districts of the country and whose chief objective was to get to the next town on time, Miss MacLaren has known the Chautauqua movement as spectator, performer,

and critic. Providing the sterner portion of the popuiation with the entertainment which their moral scruples prevented their seeking on the stage, the Chautauqua also furnished the culture which was its byword. password. and “reason for being.” The series of incidents which form the book will recall to older reade:s the dave when William Jennings Bryan, his daughter, Ruth Owen Rhode, Warren Harding, and Madame Schumann-Heink were heard from the platform, and will give & younger generation a picture of an era which existed without radio, moving pictures and swing bands.

Miss MacLaren has caught the spirit of a simpler |

age in her book and unfolds the story of the movement with sympathy and humor.

Many | Al- | though most of them have the faces of youngsters, |

their last |

their three |

and the third |

for |

nobody can be |

then what? and can |

Mr. Priestley skilfully elaborates the mys- | teries with little excitements and touches of fantasy, |

e India

napo

lis Times

Second Section

Uncle Sam Gets New Merchant Navy

Undertakes Job of Replacing Dwindling Fleet

Maritime Commission

By Leonard H. Engel

Science Service Staff Writer

HERE’S a new feeling of elation running along a thousand docks and wharves, in a hundred shipyards, on half a thousand vessels that serve the United States and its flag. Uncle Sam’s merchant fleet, that once knew no peer, is on its way back again! The U. S. Maritime Commission, created two years ago to probe into the appalling fact that America’s position afloat had slipped from near the top to near the bottom in the vears of prosperity and then depression following the World War, is settling now into the task it has had to assume by default. Engineers and designers. executives and administrators are spending diligent hours paving the way for the greater fleet that is even now on its wav. The public knows a little of the story. The public has heard that shipping operators have been going broke. that subsidized foreign ships have been driving the American merchantman from the seven seas. The man in the street has read of bitter war between emi plover and employee, between worker and worker on the waterfront. He has heard that Uncle Sam's merchant navy has sunk to low estate. His newspaper has told him that the long comeback { campaign has been started—given visual reality in his mind by such projects as the $16,000,000. succes-

| sor to the S. S. Leviathan that is now under construction.

x ¥ x

O isolated construction job is this new ocean liner, however. Four shipyards are now busy constructing 20 cargo vessels | of the C-2 design, prepared under the Maritime Commission. The first high speed carge vessels (they are designed to travel at a | speed of 152 knots) to be built in the United States since shortly after the World War. they are the start of a program which contemplates replacement of the major portion of the American cargo fleet. That fleet needs replacement. Figures compiled by the Commission show that America’s 2.529.000 tons of ocean-going vessels place us fourth among the maritime nations of the world. Great Britain, whose ubiquitous steamers { and motorships add up to 13,100.000 tons, is first; Japan is second and Germany is third. | Even worse than the American | position with regard to tonnage. however, is the condition of | American vessels. Considering | only vessels whose speed is 12 or more knots, Uncle Sam's flag flies from the mastheads of only 1.363.000 tons of vessels; our merchant fleet is fifth according to this ranking.

” » » N the category of relatively new vessels (the life of a steamship is considered to be 20 vears), we rank sixth. Only 416.000 tons of American shipping can be considered to be in its prime. “In competitive power, therefore,” Commission concludes, “we stand near the foot of the list.” But the replacement job that is | being done is like none that has | ever been done before. will Uncle Sam's merchant fleet grow in the anarchic fashion in which it has existed for the past 150 years. The Maritime Commission is now engaged in one of the greatest applied science jobs undertaken—the replacement program is scientific from start to finish. Projects under way include the development of a number of type

vessels, designed not only to serve |

as model ships, but also, by mak- | Ing possible duplication of parts, | to introduce economical construci tion. Shipbuilding construction { costs are notoriously higher in the { United States than elsewhere. Five

the |

No longer |

SATURDAY, SEPTEMBER 24, 1938

Measurements are taken from a

huil plating model of the C-2. a

high speed carge vessel designed by the naval architects of the Maritime Commission, of which 20 are being built to Uncle Sam's

order.

types of combination passenger and cargo vessels; two types of refrigerator vessels for hauling perishable cargo; two types of tanker and three types of cargo vessels have been proposed.

» x » HE designs are based on s& careful survey by the Commission of the trade routes served by American steamships and on the type of cargo carried on each

particular trade. Twenty-three routes in all. important to American shipping, are listed in the Commission's report. Different shipping routes, W.G. Esmond, chief of design points out, require different types of vessels. Not only are port and cargohandling facilities different, A but the type of cargo carried on different routes varies. This variation is extremely important, for one type of cargo requires a different volume of stowage space as compared to the same weight of another type. Cargoes commonly carried in intercoastal trade require an average of 71.47 cubic feet of space per ton, for example. while those carried on the Mediterranean routes take up 93 cubic feet per ton. Because the character of trade has shifted during the past decades from almost exclusively raw materials and heavy machinery to general merchandise cargoes, the amount of space required per ton has been increasing.

These are the men who are designing ships for the revitalized

American merchant navy. Private

fill the bill.

So these men. naval architects employed by the Maritime Commission, are at work doing the job on Uncle Sam’s payroll.

Entered as Seco at Postoffice,

Indianapolis,

nd-Class Matter Ind.

PAGE 17

Washington

By Raymond Clapper

Jim Farley Doing His Level Best To Make Democrats Forget the Purge and Begin Getting Together,

VW ASHIN GTON, Sept. 24.—Shortly after the Administration’s defeat in the Maryland Senatorial primary, I reported that the play from that time on was to let the purge fade out of public memory as quickly as possible and concentrate on pulling the party together. That was Democratic National Chairman Fare ley’s idea at that time and he has now begun publicly to impress it upon party workers. Seizing as his first opportunity an invitation to ad"dress the Democratic State Convention in Ohio, Chairman Farley stated the policy which the national party organization should follow, which is, in a word, to unite behind the nominated candidates regardless of bygones.

enterprise no longer can unaided

TOTAL TONNAGE

J ESRITAI

Japan nian Germany aided Unimeo Sates andi [rary dakdade

France ining Fe

HIS, brought out in a careful study by the Commission, means that the ships they are designing will have a little greater gross register tonnage (a figure which measures the amount of inclosed space) for the same deadweight tonnage than a similar ship built 30 years ago. Uncle Sam's new fieet is thus being carefully designed to fit the cargo and passenger requirements

TRHAN TE KuoTS Germany laine Japan ‘dare France dai Uren Snares dla

[TAY ai

of the different trade routes. A primary aim is development of a fleet: that will rank high in competitive ability. Because most of the new vessels are being built to steam at speeds in excess of 15 knots—high speed for a freighter —fewer vessels will be able to carry on the same amount of business. Hence the program is intended to build about two ships for every three now in. service.

Unite States ®

E UN TDR

Germany lr Jaman ah France [Av =

These ships are being built to especially high standards of safety, economy and crew comfort, for the designs include advances in methods and materials worked out in a series of studies during the past year. For example, improved fire-resisting characteristics are being built into the vessels as a result of experiments conducted on board the S. S. Nantasket.

(Copyright. 1938)

Pri

By Martha Strayer Times Special Writer ASHINGTON., Sept. 24 — Adolf Hitler's mechanized | war machine believes it could { crush Czechoslovakia in two | weeks—and Army officers here | do not disagree. | The Army War College bristles | with expert opinions on the sub- | Ject, none of them quotable on ac- | count of present international conditions. But this month's | Army & Navy Journal quotes | the highlights of a plan for con- | quering the Czechs in 14 days, which won a prize recently of- | fered by the German Military | Academy. “Outstanding feature of an | attack on Czechoslovakia is that | the whole action must be con- | cluded within 14 days at the most { and, if at all possible, in a shorter time,” wrote the German , officer who won the prize. “After | 14 days. there should be no Czech army left.”

» » - ND here's the plan: “We must operate with enormous concentration of force, for otherwise Czechs might try, as in Spain. to form units of resistance, | and it has been proved that well | armed troops can for a long time

| army.

¢f “The entrv into Sudeten Ger-

| man territory must be accom-

| plished on a wide front. The third |

{ and fourth army divisions are | scheduled for this task. They must

successfully resist even a superior |

( ruthlessly attack with the tank |

| corps, after the strong illegal S.

| A. and S. S. troops have infiltrated |

into the area. Together with the

| Sudeten Germans they have the | task of blowing up and destroying |

enemy movement.

| the whole operation must be to

“As this would be an act of lib- | | eration and would presumably fol- | low developments in the Sudeten |

German area, it also presumably { would be preceded by no declara- | tion of war and little time would be left Praha for organization of | resistance. However, the Czechs | have made preparations; their most recent mobilization orders | call for positions within six hours.

{ in modern | plays an important part.

| ceeded was the main reason for | Italy's success in Ethiopia.

“The blow must be so powerful |

that the enemy has no time to | pull himself togethe { x =

“YN order to force the enemy to | flee, the air army—as in | Spain—has the task of demoraliz- { ing him. Necessarily, air attacks | on Praha and other centers must | break him to pieces and destroy communications. “The so-called Czech Maginot | Line must under all circumstances be forced. and the enemy must | be prevented above all from get- | ting away with his ordnance intact. “While these attacks are taking place, the new army division, Five | Vienna, has the task of attacking | from the south toward the north, | in order to cut off the retreat of the enemy army. In the north, {| the army advancing from upper { Silesia has the same objective.

T. z

| the Franco offensive.

| Praha occupied, care and admin- | istration of the whole country | would be thrown into confusion.

| bilities of aid from Russia. It savs | the Soviet could move its armies | into | “roadless Carpatho-Russia, which

ze-Winning German Plan for Conquering Czechoslovakia in Two Weeks Is Revealed

Union of the advancing armies | from north and south, from lower Austria and upper Silesia, might lead to capitulation of the main Czech force. “One of the main objectives in

reach Praha. This should be the outstanding objective of the tank corps, and it must be reached. It has been shown that warfare psychology That the attack on Addis Ababa sucThat Madrid did not fall in the autumn of 1936 is one of the main reasons for the slow progress of

“A further point is that with

“The push, therefore, must be

carried to Praha, and the heav- | iest sacrifice must not be avoid-

ed in order to achieve this.

= = ” “ Y the time the French have mobilized. not only must all

| operations against Czechoslovakia | | have been carried out, but the

transportation of troops west

| should be virtually completed. so

that the risk France is running

| should be fel*—in case France does | not attack automatically.

The plan also discusses possi-

Czechoslovakia only ve

| ments, even if Rumania conceded

*| doubtful, and troops from Vienna { could easily block the Red line of | advance with a small force.”

{| war planes to fly over her terri- | tory, the winning officer continues, | so their only route would be over | the same Carpatho-Russia or the | Baltic Sea. | zation would take so much time | that “in the interim the fate of Praha might be decided.”

is unsuitable for large troop move-

the right of way, which is still

Poland wouldn't allow Soviet

“Once the voters of the party have spoken,” Farley told the Ohio Democratic convention, “and clear majority has been given to the party nominees, it is our duty to accept the result as good soldiers and to throw our energies behind the common cause. The success of the Democratie Party is too vital to the public welfare to be endangered by factional disputes or by the shortsighted effort to keep alive quarrels and disputes that have been already settled at the polls.” In other words, forget the purge. It is no secret in Washington that Farley sees pert to the Democratic Party in prolonging the internal feuds which have been waged during the primaries.

And with good reason. Because Republicans arse at work now. In addition to the rebuilding of the organization with younger and more energetic leaders, as described here a few days aga, Republicans in some localities are modernizing their ideas as well. That is particularly true in New York, where Kenneth Simpson, recently designated as national committeeman, is leading a liberal movement in which Rep. Bruce Barton has notably figured.

An Incidental Defeat

Simpson suffered an incidental defeat when Rep. John J. O'Connor, the Roosevelt purgee, ran as a spite candidate in the Republican primary and won over Simpson's candidate, Allen Dulles, an exceptionally able young man with a world-wide reputation as an international expert. Otherwise Simpson has shown increasing strength. These younger Republicans believe that many Roosevelt ideas were long overdue politically and that the sounder elements of his program must be adopted by the Republicans if they are to survive. Their position is that which Landon started out with—that if the Republican Party can overcome its own die-hard reactionaries, it can, as the British conservatives did in their situation which was quite similar, take the best of the improvements that have been made, slough off the impractical fringes, and go to the country as a party which would sacrifice noth- | ing desirable in the New Deal but which would shake | it down into something more practical and effective. Farley, and a good many Democrats, are aware that continuation of internal Democratic feuds, and of extreme measures which would again split the party, play into the hands of such a Republican middleground. movement.

Jane Jordan—

Two Replies to Mrs. M. E. About Unorganized Girls in Our Colleges.

Note: The two letters below were written by college students in answer to Mrs. M. E.s condemnation of sororities and fraternities. Mrs.

Mr. Clapper

And France's mobili-

2 » td “YT is doubtful,” the plan goes on, “that_in the face of a

more likely that France, unless

| threatened, would accept the fait | accompli.”

“However, one army division would have the task of guarding the west against a possible French attack. “In this it would be supported

| by Air Squadron West and the

powerful western fortifications. “Punitive expeditions in the air however, could he undertaken as a reply to French air attacks; and here a strictly defensive attitude is imperative to prevent a psy-

| chological change on the part of { France, which is todav averse to

fighting—and the same is true of England.”

Side Glances—By Clark

1 wo i

% = a ¢ Fit : CO x B BY NEA SERVICE. INC. T.M. REG. U. S. PAT. OFFS

vis =

Sure, that's the same fat girl that was here five years ago—says

i : she remembers us."

Everyday Movies—By Wortman

Wovtwaw

Mopey Dick and The Duke "Your trousers will wear out before this brand new patch, Duke, so when you throw them away, remember to save the patch. |

can use-it again some place.”

TEST YOUR KNOWLEDGE

1—Arte Noah and Wallace Beery brothers? 2—What is the nickname Oklahoma? 3—Name the horse that defeated Man 0° War in his only loss. 4—Where is the natural habitation of black swans? - 5—Name the chief body of our planetary system. 6—What is invar? 7—When is the only time that another flag can be displayed above the American flag? 8—For what college degree does LL.M. stand?

= = » Answers

for

1—Yes. 2—“Sooner State.” 3—Upset. 3 4—Australia. 5—The sun. 6—An alloy of nickel and steel. T7—When the church flag is displayed during religious services on board a U. S. man-of-war. 8—Master of Laws. =

n =

ASK THE TIMES

Inclose a 3-cent stamp for reply when addressing any question of fact or information te The Indianapolis Times Washington Service Bureau, 1013 13th St., N. W., Washington, D. C. Legal and medical advice cannot be given nor can extended research be undertaken,

It is |

| M. E's daughters, working for their tuition, are {| not able to organize, and have been given the cold shoulder by college organizations.

EAR JANE JORDAN—In answer to Mrs. M. E’s letter, 1t is certainly too bad that her daughters { were unable to organize for financial reasons. This | makes it hard on them, as many unorganized students | are unorganized for reasons other than financial, | Many of them are lacking in brains, personality, | standards, or appearance, and are therefore not con- | sidered good material. I feel that Mrs. M. E. is prejudiced and unjustified | in her condemnation of organizations. They are a luxury, and like every other luxury, cannot be shared [ by everycne. The organizations generally do have | the most popular and beautiful girls and that is | purely the reason they win contests. If her daughiers | do not drink, smoke or pet and are resentful toward | organizations, it is no wonder they do not have | many organized dates. However, there are more | unorganized students than organized students in our | local colleges. I have been in college for three years, { and if there are any of your so-called “Bluebloods” | there, I have yet to meet them. ORGANIZED.

Dear Mrs. M. E—I have attended a State Uni= versity for two and a half years and have never organized. In a fraternity or sorority the “front” is what is striven for. Slice off 50 per cent of the “front” a sorority puts up and you see the real group. The rooms on the first floor of the house are large and luxurious but often the girls eat in the basement and sleep in a jail cell sized room. No sorority gushes over a girl after they get her. She's often treated very badly afterward. I can't believe your girls were snubbed because they lacked the financial front. I was rushed by several of the best sororities. Wher I told them I was not financially able to orzanize. I retained my real friends. All the boys I dated were organized except one, and at present I am engaged to a fraternity boy. I admire you and your girls for your high standards, but don’t judge the family too harshly who live beyond their means. Many parents deprive themselves of the necessities to give their offspring the same advantage as a rich man’s child. They, too, are to be admired for their unselfishness. If we could all understand the reason for people's actions we'd be less inclined to criticize. None of us are the persons we try to make people believe we are, MISS F. E. | Answer—I appreciate the prompt response of these two young ladies to my requests for letters from col- | lege students on the subject of sororities and fra- | ternities. I feel that both of them have made good points. | In defense of Mrs. M. E.'s daughters. I would | like to say that the first rebuff mey have intimidated | them to the point where they are not themselves with | their fellow students and this may account for the | fact that they have no friends in college rather than | any lack within themselves. JANE JORDAN.

answer vour questions in this column daily.

| Put your problems in a letter to Jane Jordan. who wily | |

Bob Burns Says—

{ OLLYWOOD, Sept. 24—The other day I took 8 | trip through the San Diego harbor where the | Navy fleet is anchored and when I saw all the differ- | ent Kinds of flags, flyin’ in the breeze, I got to thinkin’ | that each one of those flags is a symbol of some sort that all the boys in the Navy understand. Symbols are great things for keepin’ people close together. | When I asked my girl cousin why she used three | different colors of writin’ paper, she says, “Well, when | IT write to Joe, I use pink paper because that means “love”; when I write to Charley I write on blue—that means “I'm lonesome for you.” and when I write to | Roy, I use white paper because that means “faithful and true.” (Copyright, 1938)