Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 30 August 1938 — Page 10

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The Indianapolis Times > (A SCRIPPS-HOWARD NEWSPAPER) i

ROY W. HOWARD LUDWELL DENNY MARK FERREE President Editor Business Manager

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Er Riley 5551

. @ive Light. and. the People Will Find Their Own Way

" B SCRIPPS = HOWARD |

TUESDAY, AUGUST 30, 1938

‘ PEACE IN BLOODY HARLAN ; FoR MORE than 20 years Harlan County, Kentucky, one of the nation’s richest coal fields, has been the scene of bitter warfare between union miners and mine operators. Over ‘the nation, “bloody Harlan” has been a by-ward for industrial strife, for violence. The name has been symbolic of the very worst relationship between labor and capital. Dozens of lives have been lost directly and indirectly as the result of this warfare. Hundreds of thousands of dollars have been poured into an endless fight that got nowhere, dollars that brought only more strife and made conditions surrounding the working of the mines more unsettled. Hatred and violence have grown in the last few years, giving little indication that peace would ever come to Harlan County. . Attention of the nation was focused on Harlan County by the La Follette Civil Liberties Committee investigation in 1937. And this year Harlan County became the scene of the Government’s biggest battle over the right of labor to - organize when 69 defendants—mining companies, individual : operators and law-enforcement officials—were indicted in ° Federal Court on a charge of conspiracy to violate the :- Wagner act. : The trial lasted three months and brought into the

open all the bitterness of the many years. The trial con-

gervatively cost more than $300,000 and yet ended in a stalemate. The jury was unable to agree and a mistrial "resulted. 25 Apparently Harlan’s troubles were as far as ever from ~ ‘being settled. ; ~ But here common sense stepped in, unheralded and =! unexpected. The leaders of the two sides were persuaded “to the belief that calm discussion conceivably might prevail "where bullets and litigation had failed. So leaders of the ® United Mine Workers and the principal mine operators— * men who had been at each other’s throats for years—met . around a table in a Tennessee rural resort hotel, and sud- - denly discovered they weren't so far apart in their thinking . after all. ® What seemed to be impossible happened. In exactly. "seven days an agreement was reached, bringing an end to ~ 20 years’ warfare. And each side apparently i8 completely convinced of the good faith of the other side. :, William Green, president of the A. F. of L., is the only = one who has publicly expressed displeasure. ‘In the mine " union’s withdrawal of complaints and the National Labor > Relation Board's dismissal of charges against the mine * owners, which attended the Harlan armistice, Mr. Green © has professed to see a “conspiracy” to violate the Wagner act and deliver the miners into John L. Lewis’ C. I. O. ~ union, But our correspondent from that section of the : country reports that the Progressive Miners of America, = Mr. Green’s rival A. F. of L. group, has never had a stake + in the Harlan controversy. Our correspondent reports also .. that there is nothing in the agreement or in the contracts ~ signed which would prevent the A. F. of L. union from entering the Harlan mines. ia So for the present, at least, the future looks bright for peace and prosperity in Harlan County. And Harlan ~ points the way to other communities torn by employeremployee strife. Certainly if Harlan can end its troubles there is hope for the settlement of any similar difficulty ~ anywhere.

PARENTS AND TRAFFIC DEATHS

: RS. WALTER FERGUSON, in her column on this ~. page today, has a timely warning for mothers of the estimated 3000 Indianapolis children who will go to school - for the first time next week. : : “The mother who watches her 6-year-old leave home :. for the first time is numb. with fear—not for his mental . and spiritual welfare, but fear for his life,” she says. But + in spite of the average pavent’s concern, she does very little, Mrs. Ferguson declares, to make sure her child gets safely through the traftic to school and home again. & The columnist explains that children should be so instructed that at 8 or 9 they will be able to catch a bus . or streetcar, read traffic signals and stay out of highways and streets except at places designated for crossing. Pe Schoolboy patrolmen from most of the schools in the + city ‘are in camp this week receiving instruction in patrol . problems and leadership. Theirs is the responsible task of 5. seeing children across those streets near the school. . Parents of new pupils can co-operate by taking the time

to teach their children the fundamentals of traffic safety. ~

SILK-STOCKING SANCTIONS

* TYU PONT chemists are reported to be secretly perfecting » ~. a revolutionary textile fiber, as yet nameless. ‘The fiber is described as entirely different from rayon “or anything else now on the market, and so strong and : elastic that really run-proof stockings will presently be an - “actuality. © gs Thus, says The Wall Street Journal, the new fiber “may = replace real silk ih its one great remaining market, hosiery.” s That would be good news to Chiang Kai-shek. Silk «is Japan's No. 1 export commodity, and Japan is already + haying trouble selling enough goods abroad to finance her imports of munitions and other necessities. = Tt looks as if the laboratories might be about to steal = a march on the foreign offices by imposing economic sanc:f tions on the Orient’s aggressor.

| 5.JIM VISITS FRANKLIN

Bo .

£ *

{/HE Postmaster General of the United States stayed overnight at the home of the President of the United

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they were “in complete agreement” concerning the political situations In the several states, party purges, et cetera.

Jr vi

ernment’s business of carrying the. 2

outside of Indiana, 65 |

States, following which an announcement was made. that.

Wonder if they found time to talk any about the Gov=

Fair Enough By Westbrook Pegler

Mention Should Have Been Made of The Cronin Insurance Case When Jimmy Roosevelt Dropped Shoes.

N= YORK, Aug. 80.—Jimmy Roosevelt has dropped the other shoe in the last installment

‘ of his story in Collier's without mentioning the Cronin

insurance case in Boston. In the Cronin suit it has been shown that the American Tobacco Co. placed a deposit of $2,000,000 in the National Shawmutt Bank of Boston and that in the course of time one of the insurance firms in which Jimmy was interested received a huge insurance order from the bank.

The matter naturally calls attention to Jimmy's indignant denial that he would trade on the place which his father occupies. It also emphasizes his admission that he requested that George Washington

‘Hill, the president of American Tobacco, be given

special’ treatment on a visit to Jimmy's father at Warm Springs, Ga. bd ; Jimmy did write a $2,500,000 policy on Mr. Hill's life, but he explains that this was closed five months pefore Mr. Hill's visit to Warm Springs. On Nov. 29, 1932, he learned that Mr. Hill was to visit Franklin D. Roosevelt, and regarding Mr. Hill as “the possible source of more business (which he never got),” he sent a wire to Miss Marguerite Le Hand, secretary . to his father. 8 » ” « #~EORGE W. Hill, president American Tobacco Co. G and Vice President Paul Hahn, as you know, arrive Warm Springs Thursday morning,” the telegram said. “I am trying not to ask many favors, but will greatly appreciate it if you would take especially good care of both of them, because it is important in a business way to me.” Jimmy admits he sent this message for the purpose revealed in the telegram, put seems to resent any suggestion that it was gent. for the very pure pose stated in the message itself. He bases his resentment on the fact that the big life policy already had been written and: the fact that the further business did not develop. In August, 1933, however, the American Tobacco Co., deposited $2,000,000 in the Shawmutt Bank. And in the fall of 1934 the bank placed the big insurance order through O'Brion, Russell, with whom Jimmy Roosevelt himself states that his firm of Roosevelt-& Sergeant is associated on a 50-50 basis.

A SSorDNNG to the record, one official of the bank admitted that his purpose was to throw the commission on the insurance to O'Brion, Russell, Jimmy's associates, and take it away from the plaintiff in the suit, Arthur D.- Cronin. Another bank official finally answered the question: “Weren't you interested in having James Roosevelt. get a commission?” with the words: “Yes, sure; 1 wanted him to get the business.” Mr. Cronin is suing on his claim that he did the spade work on a very difficult job and that the business was arbitrarily given to the associates of Jimmy Roosevelt. The decision, however, may have no direct bearing on Jimmy's situation because the defense relies mainly on a simple denial that Mr.

| Cronin had a contract with the bank..

Although Jimmy scornfully denies that he would trade upon the place which his father occupies, these facts remain: : 1. He did bespeak, “especially good care” for a visitor to the President-elect of the United States “because it is important to me in a business way.” 9. The visitor did deposit $2,000,000 in the bank, 3. And the bank did eliminate from the deal a man who had worked up the proposition and gave the business to Jimmy's associates. i

Business By John T. Flynn

Incorporating Exchange. Firms Has Objections as Well as Advantages.

EW YORK, Aug. 30.--When the Securities Exchange Act was being prepared in 1934 an attempt was made to put into the act a provision prohibiting stock exchange firms from incorporating. The reason was plain. There is nothing in this world which is so much in need of regulation as a stock exchange member. There is nothing in this world so difficult to regulate as a corporation. Some of those interested in effective regulation foresaw that as soon as regulation was attempted exchange firms would seek through incorporation to render that regu~ lation difficult. :

Now the exchange has received from a committee headed by Mr. Gayer Dominick a report suggesting the incorporation of member firms. It is easy to see that certain advantages will accrue to members from incerporation. But it is also easy to see that certain grave objections can be made on the score of public policy. First of all a modern corporation is equipped with all sorts of corporate gadgets for doing things which individuals cannot do so successfully. For one thing a corporation is recognized in law as an entity separate from its stockholders. A corporation may be forbidden by law to.do certain things. But its stockholders may organize another corporation—then do the things. th first corporation cannot do. :

Chance to Pick Up Bad Habits

The means by which this is accomplished are well known. A corporation may own other corporations. Our whole banking structure became enmeshed in all sorts of evil practices through this means, It is now proposed to launch the brokerage business upon this corporate sea where it will promptly pick up and duplicate all the vicious habits of the banks and, indeed, of other kinds oi enterprise. : One of the great reforms which the exchange faces is the segregation of brokerage functions. If the exchange came to me and asked my advice as to how it might circumvent any rules respecting segregation which the SEC might make, I would advise the incorporation of member firms. Regulation will become

doubly difficult, segregation will become a mere name

if this is permitted. There is another reason against this. The whole brokerage function is a fiduciary one. This feature should be made plainer, more emphatic, not more obscure. The way to do that is to make exchange members and partners personally and by name re-

. sponsible before the community for their acts.

A Woman's Viewpoint By Mrs. Walter Ferguson

T won't be long now until the children start to school again—and we'll be digging more little graves in our city cemeteries. For going to school is a hazardous proposition these days. The mother who watches her 6-year-old leave home for the first time is numb with fear—not for his mental or spiritual welfare, but fear for his life.

Strange how maternal frets have changed in the last two decades. The parent who used to worry over the moral delinquencies of her children now lies awake at night or stands listening through the day to any unusual noises, fearful lest a broken body be carried ‘into her front®door. : i

And what, if anything, are mothers doing about it? ‘To tell the truth—very little. Those who can afford it hire drivers to run their children to school;

those who can’t, and who own cars, chauffeur the

family themselves; and those who have no cars—well,

1 suppose they just worry. - In many cities traffic officials, co-operating with the press, are putting on educational campaigns. Near the schools, at least, pupils are taught how to cross the streets, but so far their mothers have | | taken only slight interest in the movement, .

48 a

Yet learning how to get through question of paramount importance to the modern C. . SE * It seems to me every mother ought to consider it a maternal duty to teach to alone. At 8 or 9 he should be able to cafch a bus or streetcar, read traffic signals and stay out of motor highways except at: 5 :

Pay y . crossing S. % Nowadays the self-reliant person must be taught to | walk—as it is, there's many an adult who hasn't

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her child to go to school |-

|sengers killed

The Hoosier Forum 1 wholly disagree with what you say, but will defend to the death your right to say it.—Voltaire,

LIKES AMERICA FOR ITS REVOLUTIONARY TRADITION By American Worker ! May 1 answer a letter in the Forum of Aug. 24, by Plain American? The Soviet Union does not have communism. It does have socialism. They have a democracy that is based on capitalism. In other words they believe in human rights over property rights. They believe in production for use, and not for profit. ‘Their government is a Constitutional government of the people, by the people; and for the people. Their Constitution guarantees them a job, freedom of the press, and of speech.

mean the printing of untrue statements and facts. Mr. Plain American, I love:Amer= ica. I love America for its revolutionary tradition, and I want to see the men, women and children tories, etc.—the people who built America—own America, not the ‘coupon: clippers. Lincoln. said, “This country, with its institutions, belongs to the peo‘ple who inhabit it. Whenever they ‘shall grow weary of the existing government, they can exercise their Constitutional right to amend it, or their revolutionary right to dismember it or overthrow it.” When the American people decide that they want socialism, there is no power on earth that can stop them from getting socialism.

8 8

‘SAYS HULL GIVEN SUPPORT BY LATIN AMERICA By Gardner Harding : :

sies in Washington were consulted by the State Department before

Ambassador Najera his sharp note about the expropriation of American lands. ‘None of them offered objection. : The fact that Mexico's stand has not been approved by responsible spokesmen for any Latin American nation is an extraordinary feather

He is probably the only American Secretary of State who ever talked

can opinion at least reserving its judgment. ; g Not even in Bolivia or Ecuador, where expropriations of American properties are now active or pend-

tured of Mexico’s course. . Secretary Hull's popularity in Latin America has given him some trump cards, and he has played them. - President Cardenas of Mexico is out on a limb, and opposition newspapers have not made it easier for him by reiterating that any

But, freedom of the press does not :

who work in her fields, forests, fac-

(Times readers are invited to express their views in these columns, religious controversies. excluded. Make your letter short, so all can have a chance. Letters must be signed, but names will be withheld on request.)

settlement with Americans or other foreigners must be accompanied by a fair deal for dispossessed Mexicans. It is Mexicans friendly to the

United: States who reiterate this position most forcefully. The serious quandary into which

it puts the whole problem is that |

Mexico has so, far made effective payment of “only about $700,000 on an agrarian debt of more than $200,000,000. » There is still apprehension in Washington that the whole basis of our case is better understood here than in Mexico. Coning the demand for, justice to small American landowners is popular here, but the omission of the oil expropriations,

‘the larger land owners, the railroad shareholders and the holders of

Mezxico’s foreign debt contains a reassurance to Mexico that Secretary Hull does not mean to convey. In 1026 Secretary Kellogg told Mexico in an official note that she was “on trial before the rest of the

world.” But there was a hung jury, | and the memory of the American

public short. Twelve years later retary Hull -has committed us

Leading Latin-American embas-|

in Secretary Hull's diplomatic cap. |

turkey to Mexico with Latin Ameri- |

‘much farther. And this time

RICH AND POOR By VELMA M. FRAME He curses aloud to be so poor,

Secretary Hull handed to Medan] VID God's greatest tr es are

~~ at-his door; ; A pitiful man is he indeed,

Whose only goal is material greed.

Though keen of sight, he’ does not

The beauty of an autumn tree, ‘Nor the billowy blue of a summer

sky, The Sgt of a bird, winging on He Hoes ‘not hear the birds that ong, The haunting peal of the church bells’ .

ring; He'll never be happy, though hard he tries :

With only the things that money ing, has any indorsement been ven- | buys. .

DAILY THOUGHT

"But the Lord is my defense; and my God is the rock of my refuge. —Psalms 94:22.

TELP thyself and God will help : thee.—Herbert.

the inescapable inference is that

‘Mexico must pay what she can, and

what she cannot pay for she must

restore.

EMPHASIZES NEED FOR

SOCIAL SECURITY By Pascal Degenhart Since America, the wealthiest country in the world, has brought mass production to its highest perfection, why should we lag behind all other industrial countries of the world in providing protection against the hazards which the machine age has created? Can society afford to handicap a substantial portion of the next generation because we have failed to eliminate the curse of short-term unemployment? We can assume that there will be economic unrest until the principles of social security are nationally ac-

‘cepted by all classes and put into

operation. After all, is it not the earnest desire for security for one’s self and one’s family that is. the mainspring of all economic effort, and also the source of all economic cleavage and: international strife? The framework of the Social Security Act is destined to, and is, taking up the slack in our economic mechanism and assuring a higher level of production and employment

“and conserving the dignity and self-

respect of our American citizens in an honest effort to maintain life,

‘health and decency, a principle by ‘right that is theirs.

The emphatic manner in which the electorate rejected the attacks

‘from. all political parties in the 1936

Presidential campaign is enough

‘within itself to secure us in our con- |

tention that social security was inevitable, it is here to stay, and that all political parties in the future

.| must pledge themselves to strength-

ening rather than weakening its framework. Regardless of our political affiliations, if we as individuals will join hands and work tooth and nail in promoting a cause that is to destine the future of America, we can doubtless approach a system of social se-

curity that is efficient, nonpolitical,

reasonably adequate, and equitable, that will once again move America down the path to economic dependency and social decency, ; » o # READER FAVORS FEENEY FOR SHERIFF By a Southsider What a laugh you are giving us, Mr, Hensley, when you said Mr.

Kealing’s record was clear. Do you

remember the time Mr. Kealing voted against the antipicketing ordinance in Indianapolis? Well, a lot of us in labor organizatiohs do. You just think he has a lot of streetcar friends. The wise voters of Marion County will vote for Mr. Feeney, one who is admired a lot.

LET'S

.-1936 as to the number of

per

lad pes passenger Re

1 THE FOLLOWING figures ‘for

EXPLORE YOUR MIND

Et ! / 3 By DR. ALBERT EDWARD WIGGAM

‘automobiles, 45; sc | 101,” nonschedulea

Ph)

on a Pullman car, 101 times as likely on a scheduled plane and 1622 times as likely on a nonscheduled plane. However, the safety record for scheduled planes is remarkable ~—only one passenger killed for every

‘ten million miles per passenger, and

only one real crackup out of 44,000 flights between New York and Chicago.

” 8 8 a you CAN PREDICT its mugical capacity with a high degree certainty—but you cannot predict how hard it will work at music or whether it will get a musical job or recognition. The Sea-

re Tests of Musical Talent when

proper. and interpreted are Sta in measiiriog & child

In the Capi

By Rodney Dutcher IVa

4 United Automobile Workers’

x

| a “fighting fool” when the going is rough. . . . | not an ‘able administrator and often inconsistent. . . .

{istic of sex. EA As continues, the material

AS a |

Here Are Brief Sketches of Three

|" Outstanding Personalities in Row er ae “In the Automobile Workers' Union.

7ASHINGTON, Aug. 30—War between John L. ¥V lewis and President Homer Martin of the Union is certain unless someone backs down. Mr. Lewis wants reinstated the five big union officials expelled by Mr. Martin, an

is then asks temporary C. I. O. control in utes. -Mr. Martin refuses to put the union's affairs

| diep i .| in C. E O. hands.

" Whatever the merits of the argument between U. A. W. factions, tions is obvious. Here

8&8 ao =

OMER MARTIN—A former’baptist preacher, he

regards himself as a man of destiny. ‘He is pompadoured, often boyish in manner, bespectacled and of ruddy complexion. - No liquor or smokes for Mr. Martin. .

entirely honest. ;

In southern Illinois and in Kansas City, Mr. Mar-

tin ‘preached as an ordained minister, He became

| 1abor-minded and too liberal for parishioners, the story goes, and had to take an automobile job before

leaping into labor leadership by force of oratory. Hes u

Some associates think he plays on the “Red” issue with undue fervor, but whatever part communism may take in the Martin opposition the internal fury is intensified by the fact that Jay Lovestone is an important Martin adviser and that Lovestone Come munists hold key posts. under Martin.

Richard Frankensteen—An expelled U. A. W. vice president at 31, he stands more than 6 feet, weighs 244 pounds and makes a handsome figure. Graduating from Dayton University in 1932, he expected to get a teaching-coaching job, but had to go to werk as an automobile body-trimmer instead. When unionization came he was soon elected head of a bargaining unit. A natural leader. . .. Education is obvious in him. He scoffs at Martin’s communism charges. : . = = : x YY Fipua MORTIMER—Another expelled vice president, once Mr, Martin's chief opponent for the presidency. . . . Often accused of communism, he is 54, has a wife and one child, looks and talks like a small businessman. ie He is self-educated. . . . Entered the Pennsylvania coal mines at age of 12, became a union member at

16, later was a machinist in first the steel, then the’ | auto industry. Big

Some. Communists have done fine work for U. A. W., he says. . . . But he insists charges of communism against him were invited by A. F. of L. leaders and perpetuated by Mr, Martin. ! Mr. Martin's foes say Mr. Martin is incompetent, demagogic, suspicious, and consumed with desire to build his power. Mr. Martin's friends say Mr. Frankensteen is politically ambitious, that Mr. Mortimer violated a, peace agreement by speaking against Mr,

Martin and that the opposition tried to oust Mr,

Martin by trickery.

It Seems to Me

By Heywood Broun To Say All Her Sons Have the Same

View Is No Compliment to Harvard.

EW YORK, Aug. 30—I saw the racing season .N wane and die in Saratoga, and naturally I ran

into a lot of people who don’t like Roosevelt. For the g

most part, they said that they opposed him because he was a traitor to his class. Things passed pleasantly enough, for I am inclined to reticence, and I have always made a rule to keep to ‘myself personal opinions that I think may be unpopular. But now in the solitude of my room I would like to express a brief and minor dissent upon just one

plank in the platform of the traitor-to-his-class school .

of thought. A man in Saratoga said to me, “Don’t you think that all Harvard men should bitterly resent the policies of the President?” I said no more than “No,” but my interrogator was quick to catch a hint, and with suave courtesy he asked, “What do you think of War Admiral’s chances?” ! 2 But I might have made a longer answer to the first inquiry. As a matter of fact, I object to the phrase “All Harvard men,” or even to “The Harvard man.” It smacks too much of mass production and a similarity in the hoods. -vard’s best claim to fame lies in the fact that it turns . out so many and such varied models. And that is as it should be. Once at an alumni dinner a petition on some public problems was passed around. I've forgotten its purpose and its purport, but the man next to me declined to affix his signa ture. The proponent of the blast was irritated.

Happy Minority

“Do you know,” he said, “that you're the only man _.

in all the room who has refused to sign?” The diner under attack smiled pleasantly and said, “Since when

has it been considered a disgrace for a Harvard man .

to be in a minority?” Whether Franklin Delano Roosevelt is in a minority as far-as Harvard graduates

go I do not profess to know. I assume that if his

election had been left to such a limited group the lineup would have been a good deal along economic lines as was the case with other voters, But I would hope that the relationship between income and opinion would have been less precise than

in some of the polls which took note of this circum-

stance. I do not think that anybody pays Harvard a very pretty compliment when he suggests that all

her sons are likely to see every vital problem from

the same point of view. In voicing such a theory he

seems to be talking of a mill rather than of an ine

stitution of learning. It is enough that all should rise and carry the same tune when the band strikes up “Fair Harvard.” For the rest it is better that each should write his own words and music. Franklin Delano Roosevelt is a typical Harvard man in the best sense of the word, because he is not a carbon copy of the fellow to the right of him or the man to the left.

‘Watching Your Health

By Dr. Morris Fishbein

O two of us are constructed exactly alike. The way in which we are constructed is a reflection

" of the constitution which we inherit from all of our ) | .

ancestors. The human being represents a certain contribution from each of his parents. As far as we know, the nature of each parent’s contribution is not definitely established by any law of science.’ It seems rather to depend almost wholly upon chance. : Each of the parents may contribute certain. material. Yet upon these very materials depend not only the individual's health but also his character, his

personality, the powers which he will develop later in

life—indeed his entire future. . aa It has been discovered that the number of somes from the female is different from that from the male. In the female the number of chromosomes is even. In the male the number of chromosomes is odd. THs 3) Serense of one chromosome is said to be respo: e for determining many of the differences that distinguish male and female.

e mother; the other from the The by divi into two o. 1r dg of ula Be ovelop exadiiy alike e 0 Sexes seem 4 vn but gradually there. begin to be erences depend EE DHE es Ts ai env, e lo) soccurs the. :

comes de d the 1 side, and certain glands develop which are ¢

a clash of personalities and ambi= _ : are outstanding personalities . | as seen briefly in Washington conferences: :

: . . Carries a gun for protection. He is married, has two children, 1 lives on a $5000 salary and is considered

It seems to me that Har-.

turn, divide into four, and so on into eight, 16, until a

-«

pp on