Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 29 July 1938 — Page 11

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/agabon : From Indiana —Ernie Pyle:

7 : Ernie Brushes Up on His History

On" a Visit ‘to Put-in-Bay, Where

1 Commodore: Perry Met the Enemy. "in" Olio. “But it ist’t where the rest of -Ohio is. It’s on an island, in Lake Erie.

net RR NP a pn my Foo op oe te

"A few weeks ago I wrote to a friend of | |

‘mine in ‘the West that we intended visiting the Lake Erieislands. = This friend has been ‘sil;around and knows nearly everything, but he wrote ‘meek: Yes ' i “+! “sire glad you're going to cover those islands. Ra Personally, I never heard of them.” And probably most people out-’ side of ‘Ohio never did either. It’s funny how" little we know .of © own. history or geography. For these islands form: a high point in the chronology of America. ~ The French priest Matquette .touched here in the early days of America’s settlement. On. one of :' these! islands was the biggest Civil War prison for Confederate officers. It was ‘here that Commodore ’ % Oliver Hazard ‘Perry defeated a -- ‘Mb, ‘Pyle , ~~ British fleet in 1813. And .it was nk : from Put-in-Bay that Perry. sent ‘his message, “We have met the enemy and they are ours.” EX ‘ : Te : A dg “There are about a: dozen and a half of these islands. They are at the west end of Lake Erie, about halfway between Cleveland and Toledo. : The nearest ones are but a jump from the Ohio shore, and they stretch on across the lake into. Canadian waters. In fact the biggest one of all, Pelee (pronounced ‘Peely”), is on the Canadian side. . The smaller of the islands are’ mere hunks - of ‘tock, uninhabited and covered by- a few stubborn ‘trees. The. larger ones are eight. to ten miles long, and people have been. born on:them, grown old and died, -almost . without: knowing there was a world outside. -*- ; : ; You: tan stand on top-of the Perry. Memorial -and see every island in the group, and even Canada. This ‘memorial is 352; feet high. It. was ‘built in- 1913, on the 100th anniversary of the Battle of Lake Erie. The ‘elevator trips to the top. costs 25 cents, and it is

‘worth’ it. ~~ Up until 'a month ago I didn’t know who said, “\¥e' Have met the enemy and they are jours,” and 1 didn’t know whether Perry fought in Cuba, Manila; or Charleston, S. C. : ; : : "Well, it was all during the War of 1812, between the U. S..and the British. John Bull had six ships in Lake Erie. The U. S. hastily built nine ships out of green timber at Erie, Pa. and Perry was put in command.

They Battled All Afternoon

‘He sailed them over to Put-in-Bay and. heard that the British fleet was near. So he sailed out and mét them. The battle started about 10 miles north of Put-in-Bay. Perry’s flagship was sunk, and he. moved over to another one.’ The. battle lasted all

Liternoon. . Finally the British surrendered. That

evening Perry sent his famous message to Washington. ° A good many men were killed in the battle, including three. officers on each side. ‘The men. were buried at sea. The six officers were brought: ashore, and both. sides joined in the funeral services. - When the Perry Memorial was being built 25

years ago, .they decided to dig up these bones and put them in the memorial. There is a story around here that a couple of townsmen ‘dug and dug, and kept refreshing their spirits with frequent nips of the plentiful island wine. And finally toward evening, having found nothing, they threw their shovels down, went to a butcher shop and bought some cow bones, and took them: to their - new. resting “place under the memorial. The" guide at the memorial says the story isn’t true. But regardless, these bones and this memorial mean alot more than just the commemoration of a victory of a few little wooden ships over a few others. * For; ever since ‘that victory, for 125 years, there has Stretched between ‘these two countries 300 miles of border, absolutely unfortified and unprotected, and there has never been the slightest hint of war. By Mrs. Eleanor Roosevelt

Discussion on Status of Women . AMracts 500 in Spite . of. Heat.

By David. Dietz :

Times Science Editor

. thousands of men a

" This, strange -and amazing situation arises from the fact that these people are living on diets containing, inadequate amounts of Vitamin A.

‘ ‘Let us step into Police Cour for a moment and listen to the testimony. A ‘well-dressed man is. seated on the witness stand. Everything about him stamps kim a substantial citizen who takes his responsibilities in life’ seriously. But his face is pale and beads of perspiration stand -upon his forehead. : : “It was. very 'dark,” ‘he says, clutching the: arms: of the chair tightly enqugh to drive the nlood from his fingers. “I was driving at a“moderate rate of speed, Your Honor.. Suddenly this boy .icomed up .in ‘the road on his_bicycle. . I

r TYDE PARK, N. Y. Thursday—The luncheon in |

1 ‘midsummer, yesterday at Delmonico’s,. for Miss Kirsten Hesselgren, would: have done credit to any committee in the depth of winter. To have 500 women come into New York in the heat was a tribute to the committee and Miss Kenyon, as well as to the guest. of honor: Miss Hesselgren has a lovely face and the difficulty which she has experienced with some of our

English words ohly added to the charm of her speech,

intriguing everyone to pay deep attention while she was talking. The subject itself was very interesting, for the legal status of women is coming to be recognized as a.question ‘of much -importance the world over." . ’ ¢ i : ‘We,-here in. America, with our varied state laws,

" have:a small idea of the difficulties entailed in getting

any. kind of uniformity in countries that operate’ unger many different types of law. I had realized. of

. course, that the committee of the League of Nations

would have to study the question under common law and the Napoleonic code, but I had entirely forgotten that ‘there would be Hindu and Mohammedan law, as well ‘as a variety of ‘tribal customs, to be considered. 1 loved Miss Kenyon’s story of the ever-cheerful, learned English memper of the committee who casually ‘mentioned that one of his ‘acquaintances had gone. into central ‘Asia to study the tribal laws in regard to marriege.. The committee never obtained any information because: the gentleman had never returned. It looks as- though, if this. committee were to stay intact, they would have to do: without certain kind of knowledge. Mrs. Catt as usual made a great contribution to the meeting and everyone was deeply appreciative of her presence. Awaits Grandchildren : eh 1 had time yesterday to go fo the thrift mart at 15 'W. 56th St., New York City. This is run by the women’s division of the 1938 Greater New York Campaign Joint Distribution Committee. They have made two floors of a house resemble an attractive first-class specialty shop, It seemed to me they had acquired much really good merchandise which, with a little effort by the buyer, could be made most serviceable.

The lady ‘who showed me around told me that it was |

run on volunteer basis. ‘That is an achievement for any committee. : ’ 1 congratulate the committee in charge and particularly its chairman, Mrs. David M. Levy. 1 was. back in Hyde Park in time to see my grandchildren .before supper and have a swim, which was most cooling after a hot day. ‘Today is clear and not too, warm and I am waiting for my grandchildren to finish their ride and come. over for a swim before This afternoon, Mrs. Scheider and I are planning to take a short motor trip, the first she has taken since her illness: . Two. of our friends who live in Westbrook, Conn., asked us to spend the night and we hope to be over there enjoying their cool ‘breezes late this afternoon. I feel as though this were quite an

adventare. =

Bob. Burns Says—

FOLLYWOOD, July 20.~In' the. old days. show |

1 vusiriess ‘was, 8 sorta ‘world of mystery and the jayman didn't unde” "and anything at. all about it, put ‘today the radio has educated the. people so that actors: Xhea

y- Unt Eid. she was afraid we was late, my

talk the ‘jargon of ‘the theater like seasoned | Sunday ‘we Wes all going to. church ‘and f°

jammed on the brakes with all my might, but it was too late.”

HE failure of that motorist to °

| see-the boy on the bicycle may

have been ‘the result of nyctalo-

pia, ‘or. night blindness. His eyes did nat see the ‘boy -on the darkened road where the. eyes of a normal = individual “would have picked him out at once. : Do _you know :some :child who clings tightly to your hand when walking ‘through a darkened room? ' He may ‘not necessarily

be afraid of the dark. He may

be ‘unable to see. in: the dim light that is sufficient for: your eyes because he is suffering from night blindness.‘ ¥ + © of Total night blindness is a rare condition. + ~ But partial - night blindness, in degrees ranging from: very: mild to extremely. severe, is

far more widespread than was

formerly imagined. ° And its cause, medical men have found, is shortage of Vitamin A in the diet. It is the first symptom to develop ‘when there is & Vita-

Medical men are just finding.. out .that among the principal causes of night auto accidents’, * with their frightful toll of -deathand serious injury is a Vitamin: . A’ deficiency. - ;

seen in it.

"(Second of a Series)

SPEEDING along the roads of ‘America.are hundreds of | Sic who are competent and skilful motorists :in ‘the daytime. set they ‘become “a menace to.themselves: and everyone else: who must travel the public highways. i - ra

But once the sun-has

min A deficiency, and its presence is the surest diagnostic test of such a deficiency. : "To understand why this is so we must ‘realize - certain facts about the human eye not generally ap‘preciated: by the layman. ‘Actually your eye is a double instrument, with two sets of nervous mechanisms; one. for seeing in the day-‘time-or- in -bright light, ‘the.other

“for seeing at night or in dim light. : This second mec! 3

his second mechanism goes ‘out of order in’ the absence ‘of Vitamin

- A, so that while the eyes remain

normal in the daytime. they be-

* come impaired and weakened at

night. 5 » EJ g HIS happens, medical ‘men have recently found out, because Vitamin A is a constituent of the complex chemical stuff in . the retina of the eye that enables it to. function. in. dim light. If the retina of the human eye, the part upon which: the. lens. of the eye casts the image, is exam-

- ined under . the microscope,: mil-

lions of tiny nerve endings will be These are known as the rods and cones because of

- their shape. There are about sev-

en million .cones in each retina. But the rods ‘are much more numerous, about ‘130° million rods in each retina. ; Daytime seeing is accomplished by means of the cones. It is because of them that we see colors, for example. But they do not function in dim light, and that is ‘why everything looks gray in deep twilight. po In dim light we’ do our seeing by means of the much more numerous rods. Recent studies of these rods have. revealéd much - about the eyes and the importance of Vitamin A. Cy are In these rods medical" men have discovered a ‘red pigment known. as. “visual - purple” or rhodopsin. When ‘a ray of light

- strikes: the eye this visual purple .-is bleached to: a ‘yellow pigment.

This bleaching, however, releases energy and this energy constitutes the nerve : impulse which travels up the optic nerve to the the brain. Sd of nd Now the. rods do not function in

Vitamin A Deficiency Is Listed as § One of Important Causes of =~ Night Auto: Accidents:

the daytime ‘because ‘tie. ‘strong

light quickly bleaches: the visual

purple and’ keeps ‘it continuously bleached. But at night or in-dim light the visual purple is: reformed or regenerated, and so. the ‘rods begin to’ function. © “= © * “ee x EEING in dim light, therefore, is a ‘process in which. the vis - ual purple ‘is’ being" CONSINUOUSIS bleached and at the same time being - continuously : reformed: as fast as it is’ bleached. : - 2

If. visual purple fails to format all the result is total night blind- .

ness. If it forms in, insufficient amounts’ or- if it takes too ‘long to regenerate after bleaching, the

result is a partial night blindness

of varying degree. ; Laboratory : experiments -have shown conclusively that the rate of regeneration “is ‘dependent on the presence of Vitamin A .in the

system. - When there is a’ short- - visual purple °

age of Vitamin "A does not. :form., rhe ns =: ‘Within the last’ year, 'a device has ‘been developed for : testing Vitamin A deficiency by: measur-. ing the rate at which visual’ purple is regenerated in the eye. It is known as ‘the biophotometer and is now in: widespread use throughout the nation. The apparatus consists: of a box into which the person being tested peers through a suitable opening. First a bright light of measured ' candlepower is caused to shine ‘into the eyes "of the person. This ‘bleaches’ the visual purple from his eyes.” :

This light is then turned. out:

anda very dim bulb turned on in its place: The length of time

heedéd 'té reform the visual purple is then measured by the time:

lapse ‘ before’ the ‘person “is ‘able to see-by means of the dim light. : . a =

I ROM. the way in’ which - the

L' _biophotometer operates, the reader ‘will see at once why the glare of the headlights of a passing auto leaves him temporarily

blinded. ‘The glare bleaches out

the visual purple in his eyes.

: ~ I ® - - : Pecavse of its: importance: to

6 iia Se

x Sk

tent, gamma carotene and krypthin. The term, carotene, is usually used to mean- all four. They are also referred to as. proVitamin A. Cag a ‘The ' transformation’ of pro--

. Vitamin ‘A ‘takes places in the ‘ . liver, which ‘is also ‘the ' body's

great storehouse: of -this vitamin. Approximately 95 per cent of the ‘body’s ‘supply’ is ‘concentrated in the liver. - Certain fish, nptably the cod and halibut, have unusual

ability to-store Vitamin A. That

is’ why such fish liver. oils con-stitute-the most potent sources of Vitamin ‘A in nature. “The: most important sources -of Vitamin' A .in the diet are liver, putter, cream. whole’ milk, eggs

and ‘cheese made from ' whole

“milk, * Tt is interesting .to note + *: that ‘milk and eggs contain ‘both

' But if he is too ‘slow in‘recovering his vision, it ‘means that he is victim of. partial. night. blindness. . Tests with the, biophotometer have revealed how widespread, this condition:is. Dr. P. C.Jeans:.and

- Dr. Zelma Zentmire found-in tests -

." among -lowa- school children’ that

20 per cent of the children from farms who: were tested, suffered

_ from partial. night. “blindness.

Fifty-three per cent of ‘the ‘chil

dren tested who lived in. villages were so afflicted. | =~ © 7 An examination of 193 - school children in London, England, by Doctors M.. K. Maitra and L.. J. - -Harris,- showed that -30 :per- cent : of the children suffered. from: this condition.. Drs: Carstén . Edmund “and’'S. Clemmsensen found 50 per > ‘gent of the pregnant women ‘ad- . mitted’ to a .Copenhagen munici= - “pal hospital to be deficient ‘in Vitamin A. Meet ah 3 ‘While night blindness 'is the first sign of ‘a Vitamin “A: defi- . ciency, other symptoms develop

“in time if the shortage:is extreme.

"A chronic inflammation of: :the

| eyeballs known as xerophthalmia

may occur. Degenerative changes may also iake place in the mucous surfaces and in the secre__tory glands :and ducts. . Experi- . ments with animals have demonstrated = that neither . normal

growth nor reproduction is pos-

sible in the absence of Vitamin: A.

growth, it is. doubly ‘necessary to ‘guard infants and chil- _ dren. against a Vitamin .A defi- ~ ciency, for they will pay the pen- * alty for it all their lives in stunted growth. Pe ~ Vitamin A, sciéntists now know, . is manufactured within the bodies ‘of | animals from certain sub‘stances that occur in plants. _ Vitamin A as such. occurs, only iin

"animal tissues and products such _‘as milk and eggs. "Four: yellow |

pigments have been found in * plants from which Vitamin A: is manufactured. These have “been

. Vitamin A and Carotene, eid +“ ' While we speak of many Iruits . 2 ard vegetables as sours of Vita~ ‘ min A, we really mean: that they . ‘are Sources of | carotene or pro“Vitamin A. The most important . of _ these

are carrots, spinach, prunes, pees, tomatoes, bananas,

, broccoli, ‘corn, Brussels sprouts,

" cantaloupes, sweet potatoes, dates,

*_artichiokes and leat lettuce.

Lee

' ¥3 ECENT: studies seem to ‘show

IN. that requirements for Vita-

min A vary with body weight. The

person who weighs ‘more needs more; Vikamin A. But children, because of their extra demand for . Vitamin A for growth, need more : than do-adults. From a study of various estimates, Dr. . Booher, of the Bureau of Home Economics. of the United" States Department. of Agriculture, concludes ' that. adults * need about - 3000 units. of Vitamin * A asl. that pregnant women need. units Ray, and ' that children need from 6000. to 8000 . units daily. - eed a1 7 : ‘The - Technical - Commission of the. Health Committee . of : the .

‘ ‘League of Nations recommended

: that every child: between the ages of :2"and 14 years be given: one. quart of milk daily. one egg, servings ‘of green leafy vegetables, and

_ butter as a-means. of insuring suf-

A. -The commis=.

340f ‘three grajus of cod; liver oil.daily. The reader will do well to follow this recommendation as to- foodstuffs, but the addition

"of ‘cod liver oil or. any other con-

centrated source ‘of Vitamin A should be "at the recommendation ‘of the family physician or pediatrician. * Adults should depend chiefly on milk, butter, eggs, and. green leafy

" vegetables for -their supply of

Vitamin® A. Many authorities recommend -that the adult diet

contain a pint of milk daily and

at least three or four eggs a week. . NEXT—An Oriental Disease Hits ‘America. Teen

Err

SO THEY SAY— | seems to me the news is in. the 1 ‘paper simultaneously with what has happened. —Crown Prince Gustaf, on American newspapers.

ta Re

‘Lincoln got beat four times. I

guess. I .can take it- once—Rep. Maury Maverick of Texas, defeated for renomination. Frade ste, ; Japan's designs far exceed the boundaries of China.—Generalis-

simo Chiang’ Kai-shek of China.

: ; ss = = I haven't any use for money—I just want to go on tinkering with

airplanes.—Douglas G. Corrigan, | trans-Atlantic flyer. i

é 8 = » I definitely am not in favor. of any million-dollar streamlined trains.—Harry P. Cosgrove, announcing his platform as a candidate for the Michigan Legislature.

Side" Glances—By Clark ;

Sie

t ! i

sper—By Frank Owen

‘named alpha carotene, beta caro-

|| ASK THE TIME!

KNOWLEDGE oWhat 1s the: horizon? ,

2—Name: “the - representative . flower of Nevada. ° :

. and. Vehicular Tunnel? 4-—-What is the name for’ the "period of life extending from puberty to adulthood? . : 5==Who. won the 1938 Women’s -- singles tennis championship _ pldyed at, Wimbledon, Eng"6—In what relative positions -. should the ‘engagement and

wedding b 1~VWhat is invar? =

chan . ‘zs = ‘ 1—=The a t: eircle Fart nil the sky and earth

al Ry

3, Shing finger of ‘with the wedding ring 7—An alloy of nickel and LORS iii 8. SO

Lela E.

ends the inclu

: Tes i Peat

So Hes WL Tas f 3 “y . ”

By Anton Scherrer

Lo * Mrs. May Wright Sewall- Was Truly

oN ok ‘A Remarkable Woman’ and Teachers ..., Ask Any Indianapolis Grandmother, 'N-a cosmos like ours, the laws to cling to, : ~ really, are the ones laid down 40 years ago

| by Mrs. May Wright Sewall. Examine her

life, anyway you like, and you'll discover that she was one of the most remarkable women Indianapolis ever had. She spent all Her time holding a torch which shed light in’every, direction disclosing unexplored fields in the realms of Art, Culture and Woman's Rights, all of which assumed the importance and stature of "Capital Letters’ when she handled them. - Besides. that, she found time to run a schoel especially ‘designed to promote: the education .of . girls, .and as proof of her ary - ability as a teacher, I:cite the present ‘generation of Indiapapolis grandmothers, who 1 W don’t have to tell you are in a class - by themselves. . ‘If I were sure some smart aleck

wouldn't misinterpret my tribute, I Mr. Scherrer

| might even go so far as to say that Mrs. Sewall

deserves’ the same epitaph. which graces the grave ‘of Sir Christopher Wren: “Lector, si Monumentum quaeris; circumspice,” the Latin equivalent for “Reatl= er, if thou seekest his/her monument, look around you,” as every grandmother who had the luck to be licked into shape by Mrs. Sewall knows without ‘my telling ‘her. @ ~ : ’ ?

_. Only -once to my knowledge did Mrs. Sewall go wrong. ‘ That was when she razzed the men of Indianapolis ‘for ‘their inability to talk about anything except shop in the presence of women. Indeed, Mrs, Sewall - felt so keenly on the subject: that she even proposed- that the men wear trade signs around their necks to serve as warnings or invitations, as the case may be. One sign, suggested by Mrs. Sewall, -might read: “I talk about plumbing’; another, “If you want to’ know about pork-packing, I'm your man”; or may< be, still another: “There isn’t anything about life insurance I can’t tell you about” It was just the thing you'd expect of a woman smart enough to think up the word “Propylaeum,” as the connotation for a ladies’ club. : s

‘Why Not Talk Shop?

" For the life of me, I never could figure out why Mrs. .Sewall was so opposed to men talking shop in her presence. In my own case, the ‘most profitable, certainly - the most delightful conversations I have ever had were with men who kept on, talking shop to the exclusion of everything else. Given my choice, I'll. take the man -who talks shop any day to the man patterned -after Mrs. Sewall’s desire who goes through life talking about everything except his business. : : : . As a matter of fact, Iva Siven the subject enough thought to know. that the ‘trouble with conversation in Indianapolis is not that so many men talk shop, but that so many men do not talk shop. Instead, they talk about women, art, music, books and their _ babies, about none of which it is possible to add anything new or worth while.

Id -

Jane Jordan— “Wife Having Courage to Make Own Way Can Dictate Terms to Husband,

EAR JANE JORDAN—Twelve years ago, against the wishes of my family and friends, I married

| a man 18 years older. After a while part of my family

became reconciled to my marriage and learned to like my husband a little. But they didn’t like the way he treated me. After a year our son was born. When he was about a year old my husband began leaving us with my parents while he went on trips—looking for work, he said. These trips would’ last for three or four months. One time he was gone from November until May and I heard from him twice. My husband isn’t abusive to me. I worried about money matters until I got a job for two days a week and he quarreled with me because he was jealous of the man I worked for. I had to quit. He woh’t go anywhere at all. with me. He tells me that he doesn't love me but that he just feels sorry for me. When I tell him that 1.think it would be better to break up, he says that he does love me. Po i Once when he was on a long trip I met a man just three years older than I and we loved each other. I had just about decided to divorce my husband and marry him when my husband. came home and begged me to stay for the sake of the child. This man left town and I never saw him again until three weeks ago. For the sake of the child, ‘should I forget this other man, or should I leave my husband and try to take care of my baby and myself? None of my family would help me if I left him and my husband would leave the state and not help me support the child. Am I ‘entitled to happiness for my sake or should I think of the child? Parity © VIRGINIA. £8 a ®, : of Answer—I do not feel at all confident that you would find the happiness you seek if you divorced your husband: in the hope of marrying the other man: I. haven’t the least idea whether or not he wants to take care of you and your child. -T4e trouble is that s0 many sheltered and protected women are lackirg in judgment about men ‘that their second choice is no better. than their first. . “A : I can’t _help wondering why you didn’t go to work while your husband was away on one of those long trips.. Then when he came back you would -have been in a position to refuse to live with him unless he came to your terms. You've put up with his irregularities for so long that I am afraid you're lacking in. the physical stamina and moral courage to get along by yourself. Cran od : i "1 do think you eould try to get a steady job and see if you could make a success of it. If your hus band is supporting you:at present it would be foolish for you to forfeit his support before you are able to get along without help. He might make a few weak objections to.your getting a. job, but no husband ob=-

| jects very strenuously to having money brought into &

home where money-is scarce. _. In other words, proceed slowly and see if you have the courage and capacity to make your own way in life. If you have, then you can dictate your own terms and apply for divorce. You won't have to worry about what your husband does. When you've reached this point youll be more capable of choosing another partner. At present I have a fear that you'd be pretty easy to deceive. I don’t mean to discourage you, but only to caution you, JANE JORDAN.

Put your problems in a ‘letter to’ Jame Jordan, who will J ‘answer your questions in this column daily. dl

New Books Today Public Library Presents— ~~!

TC -Vachel Lindsay, writing 10 years after the death of John Peter Altgeld he was an EAGLE FORGOTTEN .(Bobbs-Merrill).' Few: people remember the name ‘of this’ sturdy, blue-eyed son of German ime migrants, who dared, as the Governor of Illinois, to issue pardons to the three surviving men convicted. in connection with the Haymarket bombing in 1886, . Politician that he was, at one time a wealthy

. | man, the: close associate of “captalists,” he is stil} - | less remembered as a critic of the contemporary penal

machinery, as a supporter of Bryan and free silver, as a critic of the industrialists and an advocate of “during the unhappy strife which raged between

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