Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 11 July 1938 — Page 10

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PAGE 10

The Indianapolis Times

(A SCRIPPS-HOWARD NEWSPAPER)

LUDWELL DENNY MARK FERREE

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ROY W. HOWARD President

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Give Light and the Pcople Will Find Their Own Way

MONDAY, JULY 11, 1938

MR. JUSTICE CARDOZO WHEN Benjamin Nathan Cardozo died the people of the United States lost a friend who was kind and good and just, and their Supreme Court lost one of the gentlest and at the same time one of the ablest judges who ever sat upon the bench of that tribunal. Of himself, Mr, Justice Cardozo once wrote: “In truth, I am nothing but a plodding mediocrity— please observe, a plodding mediocrity—for a mere mediocrity does not go very far, but a plodding one gets quite a jov in that success, and a distinction

distance. There is

can come from courage, fidelity and industry.”

As always, he was too modest in his self-appraisal. Mediocrity had no part in his make-up.

character that his modesty could not conceal. But courage, fidelity and industry—these he had in highest degree. When he was appointed to the Supreme Court by President Hoover in 1932, he took his place with what was then and what had been for many years the liberal minority. Philosopher as well as judge, he knew that “the great generalities of the Constitution have a content and a significance that vary from age to age. The method of free decision sees through the transitory particulars and reaches what is permanent behind them.” He held faithfully to that method of free decision, interpreting the people’s Constitution as the charter of their true liberties, civil and economic. Despite frail health, he did more than an average amount of the Court's work, and his opinions were as notable for the beautiful clarity of their language as for their legal force. It is matter for great regret that his long illness kept him from being an active member of the new liberal majority.

Mr. Justice Cardozo was appointed as successor to |

Oliver Wendell Holmes. We hope that President Roosevelt can find as worthy a successor to Mr. Justice Cardozo. NEEDED: A SANATORIUM JTS a dark picture the Indiana Tuberculosis Association has drawn of the tubercular problem in southern Indiana. South of Marion County, it is explained, the annual death based on a five-year average, is 62.4 persons 100,000. In southern Indiana outside of Vanderburgh and Knox Counties, which have sanatoria. there

10Y

every

are 1192 known cases of tuberculosis which are neither segregated nor receiving hospital care. This area is included in the zone having the highest tuberculosis death rate in the country, Moreover, the migration of infected persons is creatIng a serious problem in the northern half of the state. It 3 estimated that 27 per cent of Marion County's tubercuar deaths in 1937 were of persons coming from the southern counties,

1 1 1 1c

Governor Townsend and the Legislature for the construction of a 150-bed sanatorium to be financed with State and PWA funds. Thurman Gottschalk, State Welfare director, and Dr. Verne K. Harvey, State Health Commissioner, joined in emphasizing the need for such an institution. Obviously the project is worthy of early consideration by the Legislature.

TRIAL AND ERROR

ERE’S some elementary arithmetic on the “trial and | error’ passenger-fare increase authorized by the Interstate Commerce Commission for an 18-month period on |

Eastern railroads: One hundred passengers, 100 miles, at 2 cents a mile,

200.

One hundred passengers, 100 miles, at 21 » cents a mile,

ohty passengers, 100 miles. at 215 cents a mile, $200 Eighty passengers, 80 miles, at 21 » cents a mile, £160, The experiment will be successful if the railroads carry

as many passengers as many miles at 2'5 cents as thev | But if, as a result of the 25 per |

have been carrving at 2. cent fare increase, they lose 20 per cent of their passengers, they'll be no better off, net.

per cent they'll be worse off.

Perhaps our arithmetic is oversimplified. We notice,

however, that even the ICC members who voted for the | fare increase were far from positive that it will help the | railroads. And we notice that Commissioner Porter, who |

dissented, was very positive that the railroads will defy

economic law by raising the price of transportation during | millions of ' d | Ss of us nowadays.

a depression and in the face of automobile and bus competition. Certainly the railroads need more revenue, and the ICC says the only way to find whether higher fares will produce more revenue is to try them out. But even the steel industry has come arouna to the idea that the way to increase volume of business is to reduce prices. Increased volume, it seems to us, is about the only hope for the railroads. If their higher fares cause more people to travel by private autos or busses, or not to travel at all, the experiment they have been authorized to try will have to be written off as an error.

COCK-A-DOODLE-DOO! T'S all right with us if John D. M. Hamilton, the Republican national chairman, wants to claim that his recent speeches in Alabama and Virginia frightened President Roosevelt into calling that conference on the economic conditien of the South. We hope it will be all right with Mr. Hamilton if we are reminded of Chantecler, the rooster, who bragged that his crowing was what made the sug rise.

outside of Indiana, 65 |

Distinction came | to him because of a brilliance of mind and a strength of |

| collapse.

| industrial machine.

| to hold them down. | port trade has declined because high prices at home |

» - - - ' And if, in addition, the aver- | age remaining passenger cuts his travel distance by 20 |

‘Washington

By Raymond Clapper

Here Is a Half-Page Advertising Essay That Might Well Be Framed Over All Calamity-Howlers' Desks.

(Westbrook Pegler Is on Vacation)

ASHINGTON, July 11.—We have been hearing little from businessmen except gloom and predictions of defeat for so long that it is a relief to see some businessmen trying to change the tune. There is the man who writes advertising for John Wanamaker. He does himself a half-page advertising essay which could well be framed not only in every business office but over the desk of every salesman, every editorial writer, yes and every newspaper columnist, for we're probably the loudest calamityhowlers of all. Wanamaker's has published a better column than I can write on the subject so here is part of it: “In the early 1600s some people started colonies in what is now the United States. They landed seasick, scurvy and full of hope. Crops failed, many starved, many died. The Indians swooped down on them to scalp and torture and burn. The first settlers faced the horrors of sickness, hunger, sudden death, loneliness. They did not lose hope. They dreamed of a great America. They began to build it. ” = » i “YN 1783, after the Revolutionary War, this America was an exhausted little handful of states, despoiled of many brave sons, with stripped treasury, valueless bills—practically bankrupt. The people did not lose hope. They believed in a greater America. “In 1865, after the Civil War, this nation was a ruptured conglomeration of states. Things did not mend. In 1873, overexpansion, depression and panic ended railway building, prostrated the iron industry, stagnated business. The people did not lose hope. They believed in a greater America. They built it. “In 1938, the United States is a mighty nation, with the greatest resources in the world, with the highest standard of living in the world. It has enough automobiles to take every one of its 130,000,000 people riding. America grows 23 per cent of the world’s wheat, produces 70 per cent of the world's oil. It operates 50 per cent of the world's telephone and telegraph facilities. With 7 per cent of the world’s population it carries 70 per cent of the world’s life insurance. But it has problems. And it has the Jitters. “Don’t let us forget the Indians and all the titanic struggies our forefathers won. Remembering them, our problems don't loom so large. Remembering them, we are spurred to win our own fight. We, too, believe in a great America.”

» ”

Te is considerable beefing about the coming antimonopoly investigation. dermine confidence. So we are told.

We have this tremendous growing plant, standing half idle or else producing goods and food that lie unused because so many people are out of work and can’t afford to buy. Any child can see that something is wrong. Nobody knows exactly what it is. So we are setting up a joint Congressional and executive investigating

| committee to see what we can find out and what we

can do about it. That is like a middle-aged man. who suspects the old pump isn't what it used to be. going to his doctor to be checked over. But there are people afraid to have their doctors look them over. They might have to cut down to five cigars a day in order to live longer.

Business By John T. Flynn

Japan Will Whip Herself Before Whipping China, Observers Hold.

JEW YORK, July 11.—A year ago economists were pointing out that Japan, Germany, Italy itarian states—were floating along upon economic

blood transfusions and artificial respiration and that | sooner or later these would cease to be effective and

that these dictatorships would go down from internal Yet the dictators go on. Why, asks the man in the street, do they not collapse? The answer is simple enough. No one predicted they would collapse in a year or in any given time. All it is possible to say is that a national economy

| supported in the manner used by the dictators can[he association presented these data in appealing to

not go on indefinitely, The course of events in Japan could have been predicted by any economist who understands the internal mechanisms of the capitalist system. Japan, unlike Germany and Italy, got herself into an external war. Having done so she had to accelerate the peace of her war-time industries. For decades Japan has struggled and saved and worked to build up an But with the coming of the war she has slowly shifted her energies from this machine to war industries. As the workers have been gradually moved over to war industries the production of peace-time goods —the goods which supply the needs of the people—has declined. They have become more scarce. But at the same time purchasing power has risen, because everybody is working.

National Debt Rises

As purchasing power has risen and consumers goods |

have become scarcer the prices have risen. They have As they have risen Japan's ex-

make for lower sales abroad. But the export vales bave decreased for another reason—because the nation’s machine energies were needed for war production. While her exports slump, her power to buy abroad the absolutely essential war materials she needs also grows feebler. Meantime to do all this Japan's national debt rises. Before this vear is out it will probably be as large as Japan's national income—that is it will be as if our national debt were 60 to 80 billion dollars. This is the reason which economic observers give for the belief that China will win this war. Japan will whip herself before she whips China.

A Woman's Viewpoint

By Mrs. Walter Ferguson

- ANA'LL be off to college this fall,” said Julia, “and then what happens to Mother?” Dana is the baby of Julia's flock of three. The older boy is married, the girl works, and when Dana takes off the nest will be empty, The question “What happens to Mother?” troubles For Julia is by no means an old woman. A college graduate herself, vital, energetic, intelligent, she has worked minor miracles bringing up her family. You could almost hear the budget crack under her stretchings. She has made over clothes, served palatable leftovers from the larder, and somehow managed to keep up with current affairs, In short, Julia is one of those amazing creatures— a thoroughly sensible, modern mother, Fifty years ago, at her age, Julia would have been through—finished, washed up. She might even have been dead. At best, hard work and childbearing would have transformed her into a crone. If her luck had held, she could have played the usual Grandma role, knitting in the chimney corner, but that is all. Certainly, according to standards of the past, Julia's real job in life is done. And unhappy indeed

| at this point is the modern mother who finds her

work over before her energies are used up. The business woman toils at full speed until the age of retirement. Not so lucky are today’s mothers, who at the very prime of life, find themselves facing an existence of inertia. So what happens to mother? Mother herself is the last person who can make a correct guess. Although her service has been the finest of all contributions to the country, many a wakeful night she hears the echo of an ironic reply, “Who gives a care?”

It is going to un- |

industrial food- | le trial and food- | VES HIS REASONS

| less we make it possible at the ex-

| publican

| business is | Government

total- | | about

| tion

| for the WPAer, stagnation for sav. | | | poor

| credited before the bar of common

| spent for education, very few people { have yet learned the cause of this | national { sion, and they who do know were | compelled to learn entirely outside much | | tutions, | tion by our present and past social | | set up,

THE INDIANAPOLIS TIMES Just a Couple of Other Fellows !—By Talburt

MONDAY, JULY 11, 1938

| ; WOULDN'T gd KNOW- \ JUST CAME

8 ALONG FOR THE 0

F 3 r

The Hoosier

I wholly disagree with what you say, but will defend to the death your right to say it.—Voltaire.

Forum

FOR FEARING G. O. P. By Hiram Lackey Republicans praise PWA but condemn WPA, Still they use all their influence to curtail large Congressional appropriations, the only thing that makes PWA possible, un-

pense of human suffering. New Deal opposition complains that WPA is not useful labor, but works to limit the range of WPA activity and the materials with which it works, The chief concern

of the Republican Party is to prevent Government employees from entering productive industry. Thus | TVA and Federal housing are Re- | nightmares. It fails to] realize that lack of courage, initia- | tive and fair play on the part of | the only reason that ever entered these fields, New Deal opposition complains Government spending, but refuses to invest its hoarded money, | the only alternative to Government | spending. Openly or secretly, as expediency dictates, it fights to repeal

| everything New Deal, ignoring that,

laws

if prosperity returns, 1929 i | | |

would again run us straight another 1930, Republican

candidates advocate

| reducing taxes, balancing the bud-

get, paying off the national debt

| and repealing New Deal regulation

on business. This means a basket

| ness, unemployment or virtual slav-

ery for millions now privately employed, eventual civil war, destrucand insecurity for rich and alike.

We have worked for a basket

| or for f[lop-house meals. We have | seen what bombs, bullets and star- | | vation have done in | know | herence, inconsistency and injustice | means.

We inco-

Spain. what such intellectual

We fear the Republican |

Party. 5 ” » SAYS SERIOUS STUDY OF

: . | SOCIAL SCIENCE NEEDED risen despite the attempt of a dictatorial government | | By M. B. Hetrick, Elwood

the educacountry of stands dis-

It seems to us that tional makeup of this boasted civilization With billions

sense and reason.

and international confu-

instiopposi-

of our so-called educational and in spite of

which held the power to

(Times readers are invited to express their these columns, religious controversies excluded. Make your letter short, so all can have a chance. Letters must be signed, but names will be withheld on request.)

views in

govern the physical, mental and moral activities of the masses who are kept ignorant for some specific selfish purpose. Smoother and spacious is the road that leads to ignorance and lethargy, the road of vanity and bliss, a general carousing by those who are able to pay the bill, and a sad imitation by the underworld, but at the end of the road are debts, death and destruction of the

| products of labor and natural re- | sources.

We are now and have been for many years living under an economic dictatorship, which is fast evolving toward a one-man, crack-of-the-whip, iron-heel dictatorship which will teach the people how to do all the latest stunts.

A serious study of social sciences is all that can possibly save the nations of the earth, but you cannot learn social sciences from a whisky bottle, a dance hall, a card party, baseball or basketball games, pugilistic heroes, wild west stories or nudist colonies. The press contradicts itself, giving miles of reading but rarely mentioning the cause of all this trouble on earth. Step on the gas, hurry up and get there before the fun is all gone. We have just exactly what the majority of the people want. If they didn’t want it they wouldn’t have it, and

TRIBUTE By MAUD COURTNEY WADDELL Her fingers deftly place Each lovely petaled flower Within a fitting vase. Never grew a bower More beautiful in bloom Than bouquets my mother Fashions to adorn a room, Always of another Her thoughts of love entwine In graceful fower design.

DAILY THOUGHT

So we thy people and sheep of thy pasture will give thee thanks for ever: we will shew forth thy praise to all generations.—Psalms 79:13.

RAISE is the best auxiliary to prayer.—Melville.

that is democracy, Let the timid quiet their fears of Socialists and Communists. If there is a violent revolution in this country it will be made by an outraged, starved and homeless people, regardless of political affiliations. It doesn’t make any difference who robs you, whether a Democrat or Republican, atheist, infidel, or some religious person, or an unseen thief system of unearned income.

With your money and credit all gone you can buy nothing. Try it once and be thoroughly convinced, ” ” 5

SEES FEW FAULTS IN

JOBLESS INSURANCE SETUP By Unemployed

Being one who receives benefits from unemployment insurance, I have my own views on the matter discussed in this column, I rarely miss any of the letters in this | column, but it seems I've missed the first of a series on this insurance discussion about discourteous officials. I will sav now that I have been treated with courtesy. And, observing every week as I go in, I find everyone is treated alike. Even when I hear some people's questions and explanations that are so rude that those in line have to laugh at them, the girls and men at the desk answer without a smart crack or laugh. I say this not be{cause I have friends working there. I know no onc in the building, nor have I any political connection. I just collect what I or other are entitled to under this act. I do think that the act is not thoroughly explained for everyone— as to how it works or as to the term of waiting. The system of applicants reporting was all wrong, as anyone who stands in line can see. They have improved it some, but it does not work right yet. One has a chance to see how his fellowmen act under some circumstances. Some are greedy and unconsiderate; some wise-crack and laugh it off, and others are polite and considerate of the ladies who have to stand in this crowd along with the men, These ladies have to stand and listen to politics, profanity and railing. You say they can come later. Well, it's wait then outside an hour or come later and wait three, This seems to be the oniy thing

| about jobless insurance that is hard

to take. I'm receiving benefits and I am really glad when the check comes. It helps keep my head up when

employment is down,

LET'S EXPLORE YOUR MIND

By DR. ALBERT EDWARD WIGGAM

THE STORY OF HEREDITY

} 090

SYS RY.

|. "MOTHER T! TOSCA

HO RE NoT INHERITED" ' NLY-YOU SEE PLENTY OF eee LIKE THAT DOT." qe NOUR OPINION ¥,

Fane MOST PEOPLE MORE WILLING TO EAT THIRD RATE FOOD THAN TO WEAR THIRD

RATE CLOTHES GE nitive YOUR OPINION

——

3 3 When an AUDIENCE APLAUDS | ASPEAKER 8 TN e

RIGHT? YES ORNO ee

Po ves ~-

1 I KNOW nothing of Toscanini’s parents or of his wife's talents or the talents of her parents but the studies of Drs. Seashore, Stanton, Metfessel and others show not only that musical talents are strongly inherited but also that “musical talent” is made up of at st 30

separate talents and each seenis

to be inherited independently of the others. Thus one may inherit fine pitch but poor tonal memory or keen sense of harmony and discord but poor rhythm. So, without all these together, one is not likely to be “musical.” Probably Toscanini's children have inherited some of these elements and not others hut

he inherited them all in high degree. » » ” | A SURVEY by the Home Economics Department at Washington revealed that whereas $100 per person per year would purchase an entirely healthy diet, yet many | families expending that amount | were on a starvation ration because they selected foods with so little real nutrition in them. Many families who would not think of buying second or third rate clothes or furniture were expending $130 a person for food that looked fine but was third rate and therefore they were woefully undernourished, due to their ignorance of the health and energy values of the foods they purchased.

» » ” IT IS a pretty sure proof he is wrong. Crowds never applaud a new idea; they applaud only the old ideas and prejudices they already possess. Of course some of these are right but more often than not they are vague, emotionalized opinions—often profound hatreds. Crowds are usually organized around something or somebody they hate, so they can all hate more abundantly together. The independent, thinking, tolerant person who bases his actions on intelligence is not much of a crowd person. He likes to do his own thinking and is neither radical nor conservative, but is what I call a scientific liberal— man who wants to be guided by

t one thing—truth,

Gen. Johnson Says—

The Third New Deal's Summer Show Is Going to Be More Spectacular Than Anything Under the Big Top.

ETHANY BEACH, Del, July 11.—Is the third New Deal uneasy over the elections? If its polite ical pants were swarming with the ants of appre= hension, it couldn’t squirm more violently. Ringling= Barnum & Bailey may have been forced back to Florida but the public is going to see a circus more spectacular. There are no two-headed boys but the President Is off on a scintillating swing across the continent featuring his new dual-personality, or Jekyll-Hyde act. As Mr. Hyde, a party leader, he will stick political stilettos into the midriffs of opponents of his fair-haired favorites in an act which, as Dr. Jekyll, a President, would be utterly impossible. WPA has projects for puppeteers—Punch and Judy shows—but these will not take the road—small time stuff. This circus is to make a puppet show— first out of the Democratic Party and next out of Congress, » n » J FARLEY, who had intended to go into cold storage in Alaska to keep out of this cowboy and Indian concert battle, has been drafted to make 11 canned speeches en route, fading out against the aurora borealis in a blaze of Michelson’s fireworks, Mr, Aubrey Williams’ wholly nonpolitical flying trapeze act with Dave Lasser and his WPA union of the unemployed-—suggesting that they vote to keep the Williams-Lasser ilk in power—has just gone into its swing with Mr. Lasser indorsing Senator Elmer Thomas in Oklahoma as one of that ilk. Dave may not be a Communist but he makes a noise like one and trails with the Reds—forcibly occupying state legislative chambers and pulling strikes against WPA itself. If Elmer is of that ilk, Oklahoma sioesn't want him. But it is all just part of the summer circus, I don’t know whether the sudden snapshot, inquiry Into the miseries of the Southland rates as one ring under the big top or just a side-show. I think the latter because there are plenty of other rings like the midsummer monopoly witch-hunt. Mr. Paul Mal lon, who is a careful reporter, says that the commit tee selected to diagnose Dixie was hand-picked to give the third New Deal a benediction for its blesse ings on the South. ® 8 =»

yar is happening and will happen there will be the presentation of a lot of hand-picked statistics by political departments to this hand-picked committee, ending in a living plaster-painted tableau of Mr. Roosevelt emancipating the “conquered provinces.” About all of a permanent nature that has been done for the South is the improvements of TVA and the progressive destruction of foreign markets for its principle export crop—cotton., The latter far more than offsets the former. A side-show that isn't doing very well is the kiss-and-make up stunt between Government and business. A Hollywood director is needed here. The artists’ minds are not on their work, They don’t put enough umph into it. Purges, probes, parades and pump-priming! I¢ is an effort so extreme as to suggest fear of defeat. That is absurd, It is a supreme attempt to create a puppet party so completely dominated by one man that he can do as he pleases to party, Government and economic system.

It Seems to Me

By Heywood Broun

We Aren't Conferring a Favor When We Welcome Courageous Refugees.

EW YORK, July 11.—It looks as if America had finally joined a league. The league of which I speak is limited in its scope, but the problem has wide ramifications. Here is the beginning of interhational co-operation, and I believe and have always believed that world peace and world sanity can never be obtained unless the nations meet, in concert. The Refugee Committee meeting in Evian, France, has just elected Myron C. Taylor as its president, and the suggestion has been made that the body should establish itself upon a permanent basis. The final vote has not been taken upon the latter part of the suggestion at the moment of writing, I hope it goes though, but I think that there should be no attempt to railroad such a settlement, It will have strength only if the people of America go into the arrangement with a clear-eyed realization of the fact that it does involve a definite responsibility, I do not see how anybody can reasonably protest that our participation in any way threatens to involve us in foreign war. However, it does mean that certain decisions of the committee may clearly cone stitute a moral rebuke by the representatives of free peoples against those countries officially fostering racial and religious prejudice, In the broadest sense this is not an innovation in American policy. On the contrary, it is a return to the basic spirit upon which our nation was founded. Once again we shall assume our traditional role as the asylum for the oppressed of the world.

There Is Stuff in Such Folk

And our active leadership rests not only upon a brave ideal but upon the substantiation of experience, I think it readily can be demonstrated that in the making of America a very vital part has been played by those who came to us with the high hope that free indeed was the land of liberty. I suppose every boy and girl was taught in school to revere the Pilgrims because they had the courage to face an unkown wilderness in their determination to worship according to the dictates of their own conscience, There is stuff in such folk. And the rule has not changed. No nation can long endure unless it keeps alive and fervent the strain of fortitude. We do not grant a boon or confer a favor when we welcome men of courage. In fact, we do more than perform a duty. We add cubits to our spiritual stature, And we open our eyes to the reality that we are of the world and in it.

Watching Your Health

By Dr. Morris Fishbein

Mes dreaded of all the infectious diseases that attack children in the summer months is ine fantile paralysis, the crippling disease. Nobody knows exactly the cause of infantile paralysis. The organism has never been seen. Most ine vestigators are convinced that the cause is a filterable virus. There are other investigators who insist that the cause is a larger organism of the type of the streptococcus, but this view does not have many fole lowers. We know that the disease is spread by an infece tious agent of this character because the condition can be transmitted from a man to a monkey by inoculating the monkey with material from the spinal cord of a human being who has died of infantile paralysis. It has not been possible, however, to transfer ine fantile paralysis to any of the other lower animals, The condition in the monkey is very much like that in the human being. From five to 20 days after the monkey is inoculated with this toxic material, it is free from any symptoms. Then, however, it passes through a period which is just like the condition that affects human beings—a period with some fever and with symptoms much like those of a severe cold. Then paralysis appears and extends rapidly. Exactly as occurs in infantile paralysis in the human being, the paralyzed muscles in some instances recover their function, but in other instances gradually become smaller and incapable of action. Therefore, without the shadow of a doubt, infantile paralysis is an infectious disease. We know a great deal about the manner of preventing various infectious diseases, but we are not yet quite certain as to exactly how infantile paralysis is spread from one hunfan being to another,

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