Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 20 April 1938 — Page 9

Vagabond

From Indiana— Ernie Pyle

: Life Flows Gently in Lincoln, N. M., Which Still Has Dreams of the Day When Billy the Kid Ruled the Roost.

INCOLN, N. M., April 20.—At 12:30 noon you find only Senor Miranda, the postmaster, stirring in the village-of Lincoln. It is siesta hour. : And Senor Miranda isn’t really stirring. He's just sitting in his postoffice window, looking out the door. But he comes out from behind his mailboxes and stands on the porch. > . No, says Senor Miranda, there isn’t any place in town to eat lunch. There was a cafe, but it closed. - Well, how about the grocery store? . Yes, that’s it, the grocery store. So from Senor Romero, who is back from lunch now, we buy bologna, cheese, crackers. We walk up the gravel street, for there are no sidewalks, to where it says “Bar.” The door is locked, but from a nearby house a man comes running. He is smiling and gracious, and unlocks the door and invites us in. He fixes us chairs and a bench. With a pocket-knife I carve the bologna and the cheese. We sit and eat, and Senor Roman Maes—proprietor, bartender and. as his sign says, “expert mixerologist’—stands and talks with us the whole lunch through. Senor Maes owns the only bar in Lincoln. It is right across the road from the Lincoln County Court House, from which Billy the Kid escaped and killed two men. Is your bar very old. Senor Maes? Oh, very old, as old as the town. Billy the Kid has stood there. And Sheriff Pat Garrett. All the bad men have stood there. ~ The people of Lincoln don't go very far away, or do very much. Senor Maes has never been past Roswell, 80 miles east. There are grown men here who have been only a few miles down the road. Lincoln has been delightfully asleep for 60 years, ever since Billy the Kid's guns stopped barking. As in deep Mexico, the people are friendly, quietly hospitable, and eager to tell you anything you want to know.

McSween’s Store Still Here

Lore of Billy the Kid is in every building here, indeed, in nearly every mind. Billy the Kid was a hero around Lincoln. Most of the people here are descendants of the deadly Lincoln County war of 1878-80. McSween's store (with sheets of steel in the doors to stop bullets) is still a general store. People live in Juan Patron’s old saloon, where McSween’s Killers used fo gather. Francisco Maes owns the house where Billy the Kid carved' his name—the only personal remnant of his career left behind him in Lincoln. 3 There are still many people in New Mexico who remember Billy the Kid, but only one of them is left around Lincoln. That is Francisco Gomez, 84 years old, short and bow-legged and spry as a cricket. He speaks no English. He has a little farm just out of town, and was sprinting down the road carrying a sack of beans when I saw him. We talked, through ‘an interpreter, for quite a while. Senor Gomez lived at McSween’s when the Kid lived there, and he remembers the Kid as a good guy. Lincoln just dreams nowadays, and it dreams mostly about its hero—Billy the Kid. The place enchants me. It is among the 1001 spots where I shall retire when I do retire.

My Diary By Mrs. Eleanor Roosevelt

First Lady Is Determined to Find Origin of White House Egg Rolling.

"ASHINGTON, Tuesday—Last night the Presi- . dent returned in time for dinner from the bali game, which he had enjoyed in spite of the rain. The rain had wet the children playing on the White House lawn, but- we had ceased to worry because we could do nothing about it. I was told in a perfectly matter of fact way, that 140 children had been lost and found during the day and a number had been treated at the first-aid stations for minor injuries. My New York guests were responsible for a hunt which I am now instituting into the origin of egg rolling on the White House lawn. It must have started somehow and somebody must have been responsible, but like so many things which we all take for granted, I never even asked how it began! It is such a beautiful day today that the bridle path along the Potomac saw three of us cantering at 7 o'clock. Whenever I get up early, I realize how foolish I am not to do it more often. The air is cleaner and fresher and you feel the world belongs to you. A selfish feeling, but rather a pleasant one. We only met three other people riding and-came back feeling very virtuous and invigorated by the exercise and the enjoyment of a beautiful world. I-love Washington in the spring when everything is fresh and green and the blossoms are out. Tulips of every color are blooming around the fountains in front and back of the White House. Later it will be ‘ hot and dusty and the sun will burn things up, but now nature is at her best everywhere, <

Lunches With Senate Ladies

A group of Girl Scouts from New Jersey came in to shake hands with me at 10 o'clock. Then there were a few individual appointments and I reached ’ the capitol in time for lunch with the Senate ladies. I had not seen Mrs. Garner in some weeks and she looks very well and very young. Before luncheon was over, I discovered several very good reasons. In the first place, she eats judiciously and carefully and, in the second place, was up and walking about this neighborhood, she told me, at 5:30 this morning. This is really an early hour and means your day is started so much ahead of everybody else that you “probably never have a hurried feeling. How fine to be able to spread a sense of inward calm over all those who work with you! I have always been told that everybody felt it a privilege to work with Mrs. Garner in the Vice President's office. Now I know

why.

Mr. Pyle

‘New Books Today

Public Library Presents—

read an account of the life of John Knox, that fiery, stern, and ruthless supporter of the Protestant faith, is to read also the political and religious history of Scotland in the 16th Century, for to a great extent the religious wars then prevalent over all Europe determined the governmental policies of the nations. Throughout his life John Knox was in the thick of the long struggle in Scotland. His was a sincere and honest belief, and he was determined that everyone should share it, even if it meant persecution and death to nonbelievers. A recent biography, JOHN KNOX (Hodder) by Lord Eustace Percy, gives a clear and fair account of the life of this fanatical partisan, whose prejudices and beliefs were misinterpreted in his own day and ‘are even now hard to understand. ® = 8 HER John James Audubon was really the Lost Dauphin or the son of Captain Audubon has never been satisfactorily settled. In AUDUBON, AN INTIMATE LIFE OF THE AMERICAN WOODS‘MAN (Harmason), companion volume to Peattie’s “Singing in the Wilderness” and Constance Rourke’s «Audubon;” Stanley Clisby Arthur canvasses the probabilities as thoroughly as ‘possible in the light of in-

formation available. - This life of Audubon is a sympathetic and enthus-

3 iastic retelling of the always romantic story of the |

, merchant, wanderer, woodsman, naturalist, and artist who became famous for his life-like paintings of American birds. It«is a tale well calculated to stir the imagination—the tale of a genius who could not be bound by conventional ideas of success, and of the fhe faith and lov of Is wite, Ley. |

The In

lanapolis

Second Section

WEDNESDAY, APRIL 20, 1938

F. D. R's Own Story of the |

( Contained in an authorized advance publication of his notes and com-

- Article No. 25 On the Good Neighbor Policy (1)

(A Good Neighbor is “the neighbor who resolutely respects himself and, because he does so, respects the rights of others—the neigh-

bor who respects ‘his obligations and respects the sanctity of his ;

agreements in and with a world of neighbors.” The definition is the President's ewn, uttered in that momen-

tuous inaugural address of March 4, 1933.

On that day the United

States was sadly contemplating bankless business, jobless workers and sagging spirits. The world was equally absorbed in vague disquiet over international affronts, distrusts and jealousies. Not long after inauguration, the Administration ‘encountered the first test of its new Good Neighbor policy in Latin American affairs. In four articles beginning today, comprising his notes to his “public papers,” President Roosevelt describes in his own words, never be-

fore published, the philosophy. )

4 s ‘2

events of the: period and their underlying

” » s :

HE Democratic National Platform of 1932 contained

this provision:

“We advocate a firm foreign policy,

including peace with all the world and the settlement of international disputes by arbitration; no interference in

the internal affairs of other nations;

the sanctity of

treaties and the maintenance of good faith and of good will in financial obligations: . . . International agreements for reduction of armament and co-operation with nations: of the Western Hemisphere to maintain the spirit of the

Monroe Doctrine.”

In my first Inaugural Address I stated that “in the

field of world policy, I would dedicate this nation to the

policy of the good neighbor.”

The first opportunity which I had further to develop this thought was at a meeting of the governing board of

the Pan-American Union, at which I made an address which was broddcast’ in English, and rebroadcast in

Portuguese and Spanish.

- I sought there to express in.sim=ple terms my conception of what the relationship among the 21 republics on the Western Hemisphere should be, (Editor’s Note—In the address, delivered April 12, 1933, the President said: “The essential qualities of a true Pan-Americanism must be the same as those which constitute a good neighbor. . . . In this spirit the people of every Republic on our continent are coming to a deep understanding of the fact that the Monroe Doctrine . . . was and is directed at the maintenance of independence by the peoples of the continent. . . . The independence of each Republic must recognize the independence of every other Republic.”) The policy and conduct of the Administration has from its inception been that of the good neighbor to the other American nations. I think I can say that our neighbors: in Central and South America had formerly regarded us with resentment and suspicion—resentment - because of some of our armed activities in the past often actuated by dollar

diplomacy, and suspicion because

of our supposed imperialistic designs based upon our superior

Pan-American Road

Well Worth-While

A Comment of President Roosevelt from His Forthcoming Books

(Editor's Note—The great Inter-American Highway, plans for which were submitted to Congress for approval on- March 5, 1934, following an enthusiastic report by Secretary of State Hull, was regarded by the President as a means toward educating the people of the Americas to their mutual benefit. Here is his comment on it from his books.) A If the policy of the United States with respect to this highway has done nothing else but further and cement cordial relations between the United States and the Central American States, it will have been well worthwhile.

“~ interchanges of

size and strength. There was a

barrier between us of antagonism,

misunderstanding and prejudice.

Changed Attitude

I believe that after nearly. three years, I did not exaggerate when I stated in my message to the Congress of Jan. 3, 1936: “At no time inthe four and one-half centuries of modern civilization in the Americas has there ex-= isted—in any year, any decade or any generation in all that time —a greater spirit of ‘mutual understanding, of common helpful ness and a devotion to the ideals of self-government than exists today in the 21. American: res publics.” . . . The change between the attitude of our neighbors on this continent in 1933 and their attitude today was caused by a series of acts, treaties, conferences and views which proved to them that the United States had no desire to intervene in their affairs, that it was intent upon respecting the rights of the other nations on’ this hemisphere, and that its conduct toward those neighbors would never be anything which could not be justified under the law of nations or approved by the conscience of America. In no part of the world has this policy been carried forward more vigorously, and nowhere has it brought more gratifying results. There has resulted on the Western Hemisphere a new era among nations, characterized by confidence and mutual helpfulness.

The first opportunity which was

presented to put the word “good neighbor” into practice occurred in the summer of 1933, during the trouble in Cuba.

Cuban Revolt

When I took office, there had been continued hostility for sev-

- eral years to the Presidency of

Gen. Gerardo Machado in Cuba. This had been heightened by the prolonged depression in the sugar industry.

About 80 per cent of Cuba’s na-.

tienal income was derived from the sale of sugar in foreign markets. These markets had begun to fall off since 1924, and dwindled very rapidly during the depression. To add to that, the SmootHawley Tariff Act presented an almost insurmountable hurdle to the import of Cuban sugar to the United States. 3 Hostilities had broken out, and the state of Cuban affairs was cause for deep anxiety to the new Administration. The question. of the responsibilities and obligations of the United States Government

to Cuba involved a consideration:

of the Platt: Amendment to’ the

Side Glances—By Clark

For weeks Cuba, espenially Hata, was. torn with bitter strife following the ousting of President Gerado Machado on Aug. 12, 1933. destroyers and Coast Guard vessels were dispatched

Treaty of 1903 between the United

{ments to “The Public Papers and Addresses of Franklin D. Roosevelt”)

Several U. S.

States and Cuba, by which the , |

United States had been granted the right by Cuba to inteivene in

maintaining “a government ade-

quate for. the protection of’ life} property and individual liberty.” I did not believe that the con- .

Cuban affairs for the purposes of

ditions in Cuba constituted a ‘just :

basis for the exercise of our right .

to intervene. ‘Besides, intervention in. the domestic ‘affairs of other countries was decidedly contrary to the Soa neighbor ey. which I had determined upon with respect to - foreign. nations, and

particularly the “other ' American |

Republics.

I had hoped, however, that our

Ambassador, Mr. Welles; might be able to work out an agreement between the Government: of President Machado and the . political groups opposing his continuation in office, which might bring about a new free election of a President.

Ambassador Welles immediately |

upon his arrival in Cuba attempted to bring about such an agreement, and during June and July of 1933 held several “mediation conferences”. for that purpose. A message from me was read to the first of these formal meetings on July 1, 1933. (Editor’s ‘Note—The message assured all factions “that the moral support of the American people will be behind these at-

tempts at the peaceable adjust-: Cuban

ment of problems: through the orderly procedure of | constitutional government.”) Much progress was made. Poltical prisoners were released by the

Government; existing censorship

of the press was abolished; a general amnesty law was passed, and constitutional guarantees ver: restored.

Machado Flees :

Unfortunately, however, this progress toward a successful conclusion of the “mediation conference” was stopped by a series of eoncerted strikes, which led to renewed: bloodshed and to the sudden revocation of constitutional guarantees by President Machado. Finally, a conspiracy of the officers in the Cuban Army resulted in an ultimatum to the President on Aug. 11, 1933, demanding his immediate resignation. The President ‘was forced to resign on Aug. 12, 1933, and fled from the country, bringing fo a close the madidiory. 6 efforts of the Ambassaor. Continued fighting and. bloodshed in Cuba made it necessary to send several small warships and Coast Guard vessels .to. ce harbors near which American citizens were: living. The important item in connection with this action, and throughout the entire Cuban disturbances, was the fact that armed intervention by .the United States in. Cuba was unequivocally forbidden. The vessels were sent to protect American lives, if necessary; but I made it clear that there could not possibly be any

Entered as Second-Class Matter at Postoffice. Indianapolis, Ind.

to Cuban harbors to guard Americans. - An American destroyer is shown above at anchor before Havana, the dome of the capitol in the back ground center, and that of the looted President's palace at left.

Here, a member of the ABC group, student revolutionary organiza

tion opposed io the Grau San Martin government, fires a shot into .

«the offices. of the. Heraldo de Cuba, Machado organ in Havana.

Cuban secret police :lad barricaded themselves in" the offices during ._ street rioting and fighting.

intervention by us in the internal affairs of Cuba. ; This was a definite statement of our fixed policy of nonintervention since March 4, os and " it has been followed. thro my Administration in | ‘conte with all of the Ameri lics. The foregoing incident was the first of a series of acts which justified the statement made by me in my address before the Wood-

: i Wilson Foundation on. Dec.

28, 1933, that “the definite policy of the United States from row on is one opposed to armed intervention. 7

along 1938; copyright under Inter- . I Copyright Union; ‘all rights. regery od Inter-American - Copyright . 0! distributed by United Feature ‘Syndicate

Fmd

NEXT — End of the Platt

Amendment; Relations with Pa- °

nama;

the Montevideo Confer= ence.’ els i ;

World Organization for Science Being Planned

By Watson. Davis: : ctor, Science Service - TASHINGTON, April 20: — plans are being: laid by the American and British Associations for the Advancement of Scjence for the organization of international co-operation. among scientists on a wider scale than exists

- at present. : The secretaries of the two ha-

‘tional organizations are exchanging | notes on methods - of co-operation and a. conference, either of British and American representatives

alone, or a larger meeting of scientific leaders from all. countries. interested, ‘tentatively scheduled for . this. hr . Arising from the: increasing. real-

Jasper—By- Frcnk Owen

— and; you're raising five kinds of egetables tht the children. : won t eat,’ :

‘zation’ in both nations that scientists are responsible in large meas-:

ure for the effects of science on society, the present moves for formal co-operation originate ‘from a resolution passed by the ‘council of the American Asaciation for the Advancement of Science at its meeting last December. The stage for this action had been set by the emphasis upon “science and society” provided by the 1936 and 1937 ‘meetings of the British Association. The British viewpoint is that the proposed world organization essentially would be composed of national and scientific groups that uphold the: democratic ideals and mechanisms of scientific freedom.

T EST YO u R. KNOWLEDGE

1—Who wrote “The Tangle- .. wood Tales”? = ; . 2-—-What: place is known as: the Mosquito Coast? 3—Who , won the recent: Augusta Women’s’ Open | gol tournament? 4 Name the capital of west : “Virginia. . 5—~Why are U. 8: coins milled ‘around the .edges?:’ ~ 6—What is polyandry? = Tn : 7--Name the Union and’ Con- “

federate commanders ithe.

a | Datile of Charicellorsyille, SF 8. FL -

[ Anewire. is

‘eastern ‘coast of . +7 America. : 3 Helen Dettweiler. : 4—Charleston. : - §—To prevent chipping and.

also: ~ from. being’

uy re-

(1910) by Franklin D. Roosevelt;

to prevent the coins - fraudul

}tnat those home runs are worth a

PAGE 9

Our Town

By Anton Scherrer

What's the Matter With Kids Today? | They Haven't the Slightest Idea Of How Spring Should Be Welcomed. |

A° the year goes into its budding phase the | thing that most distresses me is the | ‘apathy with which modern kids welcome spring. Fifty years ago at this time of year the sidewalks of Indianapolis were packed with boys playing marbles. Thus far this year I haven’t seen a game of marbles. ‘What's more I haven't even seen a game of hopscotch. That used to be the girls way of celebrating spring, For some reason, the girls played hopscotch all through spring until it was time to celebrate the coming of summer. The boys did cifferently. After they got done playing marbles they took to SHR ning tops, juggling jackstones, d finally, flying kites. That done, it was time to celebrate Fourth of .Tuly. Be‘lieve it or not, on the Fourth the girls were still playing hopscotch. I ‘ never could figure out why. At any rate, I never could make. up my mind whether it was lack of imagination on the part of the girls, or whether it was evidence of that quality known as fidelity whieh is sometimes asso ciated with women.

I don’t remember exactly whether the girls finally crowded the boys off the sidewalks, or whether they left of their own volition, but I seem to recall that after the Fourth of July every year the boys turned to their own yards to play the summer games. They usually had something to do with a ball, and some= times with a bat. They went by the names of “bull pen,” “ante and over,” “hand-up” and “four old cat.” It took a big yard, though—something like a hundred feet—to play “four old cat” right. In the case of smaller yards we had to content ourselves with “one,” “two,” or “three old cat” depending -on whether the lot was 40, 60 or 80 feet wide.

I'm not sure. whether I remember all the fine

Mr. Scherrer

| points but as near as I recall “bull pen” was the

‘game with four bases occupied by four players who threw the ball from one to: the other till one saw a chance to hit one of the players in the inner square (“the pen”). If he missed he was out. If he hit, the boy who was hit or any one in the “pen” who g5% the ball first threw it at any of the corner play:-rs who was handiest, and if he was hit he was out. If not, the other was out. Catch on?

Hardly Worth Mentioning

barn wall with the bare hand, usually on the first bounce. It wasn’t much to speak of. Maybe I shouldn't have mentioned it. “Ante and over” was .more to the point. The players stood in two groups, -one on each side of a barn or a house if it wasn't too tall. The one with: the ball threw it over tha house calling “ante and over.” I don’t know why. If the other side caught it they ran around the housa to hit some of the players on the other side. Sure,

1 the one who was hit was out.

The “cat games” were the most fun, though. They were played with ball, bat and bases. The number of bases to be touched depended on whether it was “one,” “two,” “three” or “four old cat.” When played with four bases it contained the rudiments of modern baseball. Indeed, I once heard Emil Fertig say that except for “four old cat” and the big idea’ back of it, we wouldn’t have had our hagional game ‘totiay., © 4°

| Ja ne Jordan— | Thinks Husband May Put Up Brave Front to Hide His Inadequac.es.

EAR JANE JORDAN—I have always considered men made for the great things of life and women ‘for the smaller things such as social duties. But my husband must be in complete control of everything. If we have company he monopolizes everything. If I get a message to deliver to anyone, by the time I get there he has already delivered it. I made g very nice piece of embroidery work which tcok months to finish. He asked a friend to sell it for me. I knew nothing about it and when I refused there were hard feelings toward me. Then there was a social and each family was to contribute to a supper. Unbeknownst to me he promised five cakes and said I would be glad to make them. I never knew about it until just befere time to go and I had baked only one. I made an excuse and stayed home. When we ‘are in ‘public and any kind of a contribution is to be taken I must make it. He says “I leave that up to her.” The money I have is only bill money. Then I must stretch it to cover the extras. He is always expecting praise and gets it. I do the work and he takes the praise. ~ SO WHAT. 2 ” ” . Answer—Although your husband acts big he feels little inside. I do not know what the conditions of his .life have been which make him feel unimportant, but his childish stabs at self-importance reveal that he isn’t at all sure of his personal worth. If you want to help your husband you will have to find ways of building up his self-conficence. You may think that reassurance is the last thing he needs, but in this you are wrong. To be sure his taste for praise may be well nigh insatiable, but perhaps you can help him distinguish between what deserves praise and what does not. Doubtless he has virtues which deserve your ade miration.: For example that fact that he earns a live ing and pays the bills shows that he isn’t worthiess. Provoking as it is, you have a job of re-education on your hands and it won't be easy. Your task is to teach your husband’ to gain his prestige in legitimate | ways instead of depending upon childish bluffs to impress people; After all, he only wants what all of us - want—to be significant in a world where competition is so Sough that it makes us feel mgignfeant. JANE JORDAN.

Put your problems in a letter to Jane Jordan, who will answer your questions in this column lumn daily.

Bob Burns Says—

OLLYWOOD, April 20—A lotta private citizens are out of work but a politician can always get

“I a job on one of them investigatin’ committees. They're

costin’ the taxpayer a lotta maney, but there's some - satisfaction in knowin’ that they're earning it. My Uncle Hod is a politician down home and the other day he wrote me a letter and said “I've got a job on one of them investigatin’ committees and I was never so busy in my life. When I ain’t investie gatin’ I'm busy: dodging the committee that’s investi. gatin’ me.” rae i (Copyright; 1038) : i

Walter oO eeele~"

OLLYWOOD, April 20.—Col. Jake Ruppert ree . fuses to prime the pp of the Yankee baseball team and Joe DiMaggio is still playing around witly those fish in San Francisco. The Coloriel offered Joe $25,000, but Giuseppe feels lot more. Futhere more, there's no truth in the rumor that Benito Mus-

: | solint is coming over here to make Col. Ruppert come to terms,

DiMaggio’ probably feels that his price is fair when he considers that Seabiscuit and War Admiral

= will get $100,000 for a few minutes’ work on May 30—

and all thepve gol. fo buy.is hay and eats. ‘figures he I Stadium

outs nas ‘the Taniees could

In “hand-up” the ball was knocked against a .

A En BE TE RE esa