Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 1 April 1938 — Page 17

Vagabond

From Indiana —Ernie Pyle

Ernie, Ill With Something, Has Time to Wonder Why Window Panes In the Desert Don't Turn Purple.

AS VEGAS, Nev., April 1.—Since 1 at | ‘an extremely frail child, subject to the slightest draft or change of season, I suppose it is only natural that I should be, once again, down flat with the miseries. It is my impression that I have pneumonia. My traveling partner calls it flu. The hotel maid refers to it as the grippe. The doctor says it is just a common house cold. At any rate I am in- * eapacitated, and there seems noth- . ing to do but lie here for a few days “With my last few breaths I will try to give you an item or two, The first is a rather incomplete one about the late Arthur Brisbane's ranch. The great columnist owned a ranch on the Mojave Desert in i south central California, a few miles from the little town of Victorville. : Well, we drove several miles beMr. Pyle yond Victorville and didn’t see any ranch, so I thought I'd better inquire. We came to a little settlement and pulled up in front of a garage, where two men were working on a car. One of them wiped his hands and came out, and I said: “Can you tell me where the Brisbane ranch is?” He said, “Who?” I said, “Arthur Brisbane’s ranch.” He looked puzzled, and then went back to the man under the car and said: “Arthur Brisbane. Do you know him?” The other man got out from under the car, wiped his hands and said: “Arthur Brisbane? Yes, it's six miles on up the highway, on the right-hand side.” The first fellow still looked prodigiously puzzled. Six miles down the road we did pass a ranch house, which I can only assume was Brisbane's. Somehow I didn’t have the nerve to drive in and ask questions. The place sat about a quarter of a mile off the highway, and looked more like a bunch of homesteaders’ buildings.

Wind Blows Moarnfully

And why Brisbane ever picked that spot I can’t figure out. The desert there seems to me very thirdclass.: It isn’t pretty; there is no magnificent long view; the wind just seems to blow mournfully over dull flatness.

There is a strange custom on the Mojave Desert. -It is glass-coloring. It seems that if you leave a piece of glass out in the sun a few years, it will furn blue, or purple. The desert sun has a violet-ray effect. Apparently you don’t know which color it will turn, but purple seems to be the most common. , Nearly every desert dweller has a stack of candlesticks, ash trays, doorknobs, bottles and dishes lying out on the ground, coloring. They bring good prices. One fellow said he turned down $5 for an ash tray. One woman sells broken-off battle tops for 50 cents apiece. One house where ve stopped had a glass doorknob that had been coloring for 50 years. Of course I forgot to ask the most important question—and that is how they keep their window panes from turning purple. over that for months. I haven't told you about my rocks. Af one house where we stopped, ther man got out his hammer and broke off half a dozen pieces of various desert rocks, and made me put them in the car. -. I don’t know why it'is, but people are always giving me rock. I must look rock-conscious. I've got samples of rock all the way from Guatemala to the Bering Sea. People give me rocks and I always intend to throw them away around the next bend, but I never do. In my trunk at home I'll bet there's 50 pounds of rock. That's one reason I've never made a will. If the executors found my trunkful of rocks they'd tell the judge I was crazy and the will would be thrown out.

My Diary By Mrs. Eleanor Roosevelt

President Enjoys Auto Trip, but Firsé Lady Finds It Uncomfortable.

ARM SPRINGS, Ga. Thursday.—At 2 o'clock yesterday afternoon, Governor Rivers, the President, and I left the cottage in an open car for Ft. Benning, near Columbus, Ga. This is a remarkable military ‘ institution where officers of the United States Army are trainéd in practically every branch of their work. I believe there is no cavalry school there, but the size of the reservation and its topography make it possible to do very good work in nearly all branches of military service. On our way, we passed through a number of towns where everyone seemed to be out to wave to the President. In Columbus we stopped for a few minutes so he could speak to the citizens and personally greet a few old friends. I am afraid I am getting soft, for I can remember the time when having my hair blown to pieces and holding my hat on during an 80-mile drive would ‘hardly have been a matter for comment. But I have

. become so accustomed to being comfortable, that I murmured quite resentfully over my dishevelment and .

the fact that my eyes felt as though plenty of Georgia clay had settled in them. My murmurs, however, were under my breath, for

I realized that my husband was entirely oblivious. to

any discomfort, and I decided that if he could enjoy it, I/at least ought to be able to stand it. He kept up a continuous flow of conversation with the Governor as long as he was with him. When Col. Hunt of the Marine Corps, who is stationed in Warm Springs, took the Governor's place for the last part of the drive home, the two gentlemen launched forth in a conversation on military subjects which seemed completely engrossing. Perhaps I am getling old. Anyway, I was much ashamed of myself for finding ¥ the ride uncomfortable.

Praises Two Books

We were back at our cottage by 7 o'clock. Mrs. Scheider was our only supper guest. After dinner, while Miss: Le Hand and Miss Tully worked with the President, Mrs. Scheider and I worked in my room I have just finished a book which I hope many people will read. If is called “Uncle Tom’s Children,” by Richard Wright. If is beautifully written. What impressed me most is the tragedy of fear portrayed. If only there had been no fear, the outcome of these

stories might have been so very different. The very |

first one stands out in my mind. There would.have been no shooting if the woman had controlled her fear long enough to listen to the boy’s explanation. - Another book ‘which I have had an opportunity to read down here, is Elizabeth Hawes’ “Fashion ‘Is Spinach.” What an inferesting person she is and how it shines out through this personal tale. When I began it, I meant to skim through it and send the publishers -a perfunctory comment, but I ended by reading every word and enjoying it. I feel I have met an original and interesting human being and I hope I may know her better.

Bob Burns Says—

rOLLYWOOD, April 1.—I think one of the reasons

why lawlessness is allowed to get such a head |

start over in this country is because we're too busy to concern ourselves with anything that affects us only indirectly. We don’t give it any thought until it actually hits home. It’s like the time a young lawyer down home went to my uncle and says, “Mr. Hink, I came to you to find out if I can depend upon your supporting me.” .- Uncle Hink says, “Well now—that depends a whole : Jot 0 Whether JOU Ate TunRing for ome or if you are i figuring on marryin’ = gaughise.

So I suppose I'll be worrying

e Indianapolis °

imes

Second Section

FRIDAY, APRIL 1, 1938

Entered as at Postoffice, |

F. D.R’s Own Story of the New Deal

( Contained in an authorized advance publication of his notes and comments to “The Public Papers and Addresses of Franklin D. Roosevelt”) Article No. 9

On Neutrality

(When Italy entered upon an armed campdign against the African Empire of Ethiopia in 1935, many observers expected this spark to set off a general European war. Popular agitation was strong for legis- . lation that would keep the United States out of the war at all costs.

The President signed a neutrality resolution on Aug. 31, 1935, although he was not satisfied with the discretion it granted to the

Executive.

needs before the resolution expired in February, 1936. “that . . . the inflexible provisions

ceivable,” said his statement,

He recommended further consideration of neutrality

“It is con-

might drag us into war ihstead of keeping us out.” Following is President Roosevelt’s own story of the neutrality legislation assembled from his notes to his “Publis Papers,” - and

never before published.) # ” ”

2 s =

HE Senate Joint Resolution approved on Aug. 31, 1935, was the most comprehensive neutrality law which had ever been passed by the Congress of the United States. It provided that, upon proclamation by the President that a state of war existed between two or more foreign countries, it should thereafter be unlawful to export arms,

munitions and implements of war to the belligerent coun- .

tries and unlawful for American vessels to carry arms to belligerents. It also provided that if the President so pro-

claimed, American citizens should travel at their own risk on the vessels of belligerent nations. The resolution also set

up a thoroughgoing system of national supervision and control of the manufacture and traffic in arms and munitions. The latter provision was an enactment which the Administration had been seeking for some time for

the United States, and one which it had urged the Disarmament Conference at Geneva in 1934 to ‘adopt for the nations of the world. The arms control section of the resolution established a National Munitions Control Board consisting of the Secretaries of State, Treasury, War, Navy, and Commerce, with supervisory powers over the traffic in arms.

Armament Control

The resolution (as amended May 1, 1937) requires all manufacturers, exporters and importers of arms, munitions and implements of war to register with the Secretary of State, and to keep open for inspection certain records pertaining to their business. Licenses are required for the export and import of arms to and from all countries, and are made public. This Government has for several years observed a definite policy of refusing to promote and encourage the export trade in arms, and of forbidding its representatives abroad from taking any action which might be construed as an effort to increase the sale in foreign countries of .implements of war manufactured here. This policy has been in marked contrast to .that followed by several other powers. Ethiopian Oil | (Editor's Note: Immediately after the Neutrality Resolution was signed, American fears of involvement in the Ethiopian war seemed realized when an American oil concession in that country came to light. Asked about it by the press, the President said: “Since the 4th of March, 1933, dollar diplomacy is no ‘longer recognized by the United States Government.”) The Standard-Vacuum Oil Co.

through a subsidiary had obtained

an extensive oil concession in Ethiopia. The State Department informed the chairman of the board and the vice president of the company, who visited the Department of State to seek advice on the situation created by the grant, that the granting of this concession had been the cause of great embarrassment not only to the United States, but also to other nations which were ‘making efforts to preserve peace. The concession, which had been negotiated with the Emperor of Ethiopia - through . a British promoter without any consultation

with the Department of State or

any Government agency, was thereupon abandoned by the company.

Side Glances—By Clark

Contraband List

On Sept. 24, 1935, the National

Munitions Control Board held its first meeting and recommended a list of the articles to be considered as arms, ammunition and implements of war, for the purpose of the neutrality-legislation. (Editor’s Note—On Oct. 5 this list of lethal articles was put to work. The President proclaimed “that a state of war unhappily exists between Ethiopia and the Kingdom of Italy,” that export of arms to them was prohibited, and that Americans traveled on belligerent vessels only at their i own risk.)

War Profits

As I said in my statement’ approving the. neutrality resolution; the resolution .did not deal adequately with all phases of, the neutrality problem. I, therefore, did not limit our neutrality efforts to the actions prescribed by the resolution. On the same day on which I issued these proclamations, I also issued a statement to the country, declaring, “In these specific circumstances, I desire it to be understood that any of our_ people who voluntarily engage in/ transactions of any character with either of the belligerents do so at

- their own risk.”

Although the Secretary of State on Oct. 10, 1935, emphasized and amplified this statement, it soon

became apparent that these decla-"

rations of the Administration’s

Need For Local Reform

Greater Each Year

A Comment of President Roosevelt from His Forthcoming Se (As Governor of New York) 1 pointed out the need for improvement in local government in the interest of efficiency and economy, not only in the State of New : York, but throughout the United States. Repeatedly I urged the Legislature to take def-. inite steps toward reform along these lines. The need today becomes greater each year as the functions of Government increase. The American form of local government has come down practically unchanged. from the days when rural communities were sparsely settled and when communication and transportation between communities were slow and cumbersome. The telephone, | telegraph, ‘steam engine | and automobile have ren- | dered wholly inadequate | and obsolete the machin- | ery of local government | which has persisted through the years.

nfornatio 1938; ernational Cop rights reserved

ight under | pyrigh Union;

By Franklin: 0S€ | thbuted Spiked, Feature Sync: .

* ‘several groups:

This is the ship Mar Cantabrico that won a dramatic race with Congress when she sailed from Brooklyn, N. Y., on Jan. 6, 1937, two days before a hastily framed bill was hurried to passage by Congress and signed by President Roosevelt, placing an embargo on war shipments to Spain, The ship was

policy were not sufficient to dis-

courage some private persons and firms from taking advantage of the tempting trade opportunities in war materials. I issued a further statement on Oct. 30, 1935.

(Editor's Note -——It warned profiteers that the “Government is determined not to be- . come involved in the controvesy” and was accordingly “keeping informed as to’ all

shipments consigned for export :

to both belligerents.”)

The original neutrality: Jegisla< : tion expired, so far as the pros °

visions relating to arms einbargoes. were concerned, on Feb. 29, 1936. As soon as the Congress re assembled in January, .1936, the

Administration sponsored a new

neutrality bill, known as. the Pittman-McReynolds Bill. This added a number of new provisions, chief among which were: (1) A ' prohibition against making loans to belligerent Governments; and '

(2) a provision authorizing the . - President to limit the export to

belligerents of essential war ma=

terials other than arms, ammu- ° nition and implements of war, to - “normal quantities” and that is, . |

quantities = usually exported to

«such nations, as averaged during

a given period of years before the war. The Administration. vigorously supported this legislation, and the Secretary of State himself ap- -

peared before the ‘Commities: to

urge its adoption, Opposition to Bill

There was serious opposition to the bill, however. 1t arose from From some racial minorities ‘who felt that the countries of their origin might be injured under certain provisions of the bill; from a number of international lawyers who were opposed to our abandoning certain of our so-called “neutrality rights” and from some sincere persons who conscientiously believed that it would be impossible to administer the provisions of the bill dealing with “normal quantities.” As the result of this opposition,

the bill did not pass. Instead, on

Feb. 29, 1936, the very day on which the arms embargo . provisions of the old law expired, a . new resolution was hastily enacted and approved which extended the arms embargo provisions until May 1, 1937, and added a new section prohibiting, with certain exceptions, loans and credits to belligerent governments.

Spanish War . -

The civil war in Spain broke out in July, 1936, at a time when the Congress was not in on. No provision had been made in the neutrality legislation of 1935 for civil warfare. No legal means. existed, therefore, by which the Government could prohibit the export of arms to Spain. However, the Government . soon made its policy clear ‘and definitely discouraged such exports. On Aug. 7 the Acting Secre-

tary- of State sent the following

in the situation.”

- tion.

"the law; . ‘disapproval of the conduct of the

crated planes.

loaded in secret with crated airplanes, motors and “other: equipment for the Spanish Loyalists, heading to sea before the last deckload was lashed down. She was sunk in the Bay of Biscay March 8, by the Insurgent cruiser - Canarias.

Arrows indicate the

Wh neutrality policy.

the civil war in Spain broke out in July, 1936, the State De- - partment sought to discourage exports and maintain the United States’ The Acting Secretary of State informed American

representatives in Spain to “refrain from any interference whatsoever

bombing.

instructions’ to all our: cepresenta- :

tives in Spain: “In conformity with its wile established policy of noninterference with internal affairs in oth-

er countries either in time of .

peace or in the event of. civil strife, this Government will, of course, scrupulously refrain from any interference whatsoever in the unfortunate Spanish. situa-

well-recognized. American policy.” At home the Department of State sought to discourage exports

of arms to. ‘Spain as a violation of

the ‘spirit of our neutrality policy, even though express ‘legislation had not been enacted. For several

months American munitions man- -

ufacturers respected this policy. In December, 1936, however, an application was made to export a quantity of airplanes and warmaterials. The -license, unfortunately, had to be granted under but the Government's

exporter was set forth in a state-

ment to the press.

(Editor's Note—The President said: “He represents the 10 per cent or less of business that does not live up to the best standards.”) ;

Jasper—By Frank Owen

“You still think: you could lick, your voici in. wildeats—if fyour ould: ; nly. weigh:himl" -_

We believe that American . _ citizens, both at home and abroad, are patriotically observing this

2 aren

Here is a street in a Spanish city after an aerial

The new Congress which con--vened in 1937 almost immediately closed up this gap in. our’ legislation, by a joint resolution approved by me on Jan. 8, 1937, prohibiting the export of arms and munitions to Spain. Domestic control of the munitions question is now operating smoothly and satisfactorily, but international control ‘is still an unaccomplished fact, although we have made it clear, time and again, that whenever the other powers exptess a willingness to negotiate once more, we shall be ready to do all in our power to bring about a comprehensive international convention. ° I am firmly convinced that the question of the control of the manufacture of arms and munitions cannot be adequately dealt with by any nation alone. It requires the united action of the principal nations of the world; and the United States has shown its desire to co-operate. and lead in the adoption of an adequat® policy of control,

tiohal Copyright Union; all rights re- = Bh Inter- mericgn - Cop bpyrighs

evelt; Sisiribu ted by Dia Ee Feature Dyan

ET Decal of the Dollar.

SCIENCE TODAY

By Science Service

ALTIMORE, April 1.—The outlook for chemical warfare

against virus. diseases such as in-

fantile paralysis, influenza and encephalitis (popularly called sleeping sickness) is not encouraging in

the opinion of Dr. Earl B. McKin-.

ley, George Washington University Medical School dean. Attempts. by :himself and his as-

sociates, Jean - Sinclair Meck : and

Ellen Gray Acree, to destroy or check the growth of five diseasecausing viruses by three :chemicals, Prontosil, Prontylin . and sodium

_| sulphanily! sulphanilate, ‘under con-

ditions such as would be ‘met in treating patients, all failed, Dr. McKinley reported at the meeting here of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology. The viruses were those which cause rabbit myxoma, rabbit fibroma, herpes encephalitis, St. Louis encephalitis, and choriomeningitis. Two of these chemicals, Prontosil

1 and Prontylin, have proved spec-

tacular remedies for bacterial diseases "such as streptococcus : sore

throats, childbed fever and gonorsulfanilyl sulfani-

rhea. late, a chemical recently ‘reported, has been described as: both a preventive and cure for distemper in

growth of the infantile. paralysis virus i earlier SxpErients by. the

Stconii-Ciass Mat -Tndianapoits Ind.

_ people, ever kindled, too.

PAGE 17

ur Town

By Anton Scherrer

Substantial Testimony Shows Thaf | A Peg Leg, Not Mrs. O'Leary's Cow, . Was Responsible for Chicago's Fire,

Citanes BALLUFF, one of the pillars f Wiegand’s Flower Shop, is going to get the surprise of his life when he goes to “In Old Chicago” at the Indiana Theater, The picture is scheduled to start today, and

as near as I can learn it’s mostly concerned with the story of the O'Leary family. It starts on the prairie where Mr. O'Leary gets killed, leaving his widow to wrestle with life and her sons, and ends with Mrs. O’Leary’s cow upsetting the lantern on the night of Tuesday, Oct. 9, 1871. It started a blaze, the like of which the world had never seen. For that matter, I guess it’s the biggest fire the movie Anyway, I've heard it said somewhere that the fire designed by Mr. Zanuck for “Old Chicago” makes Mr. Goldwyn’s hurricane look like a drizzle of rain, | As for Nero's feeble effort, it makes him look like a piker. The reason Mr. Balluff is going to be surprised is not because the movie people handle the Chi= cago fire in a big way, but because they start it wrong. He says Mrs. O’Leary’s cow didn't have anything to do with it. Why, Mrs. O'Leary didn't even have a cow to start a fire with, says Mr. Balluff. He guesses he ought know, because his parents lived in the same house with Mrs. O'Leary. They lived upstairs and Mrs. O'Leary and her boys had the ground floor. The house was on DeKoven St. be= tween [12th and Polk near the sugar refinery west of the Chicago River. Mr. Balluff is so sure of its forded that he can take you there right now ‘blind - 0. . |

O'Leary Boys Probably .There

The fire started next door to the O'Leary house, says Mr. Balluff. To hear him tell it, a group of congenial spirits -got together that night and played pinochle (pronounced beenuckle in 1871). It's a picturesque game indigenous to Chicago and lends itself admirably to the use of marked cards. The aim of each player is to reach 1000 points before his adver sary does, and that’s why the game usually lasts far into the night.

Like as not, the O'Leary boys sat in on the game that night, but Mr. Balluff isn’t sure of that detail. e’s positive, - though, that a man with a wooden leg did. That's the fellow the movie people should have publicized, says Mr. Balluff. Any way, it was the man with the peg leg who picked up a lantern, and went out to the barn back of the place. . ‘When the pinochle player reached the barn, his peg leg got caught in the floor or something, and he fell down taking his lantern with him. That was the way the Chicago fire really got Ms start, says Mr. Balluff. :

Mr. Scherrer

Jane Jordan— * | Wife's Antagonism Will Do Little

l 'In Winning Husband From Mother,

NEAR JANE JORDAN—I am what you call hearte broken. I married a man six years older than myself. He always has kept his mother. Now that we are married and have a baby he has not changed his insurance in my name. He has two policies, both in his mother’s name and says he won’t change them. I only ask for one. He also has land made out to her. My baby and I have nothing but a place to stay. I

work some of the time, but he is out of work. His mother does not write to me; she writes to Him and never mentions my name. She was hére in August and I haven’t been happy since. I try to’ rget about the insurance, but I just can’t. When e a letter from my husband’s mother I get so mad I c&n hardly | stand it. What should I do? BROKEN HEARTED.

Answer—Perhaps your husband has borrowed | money from his mother in the past and has taken out | insurance to protect her against the loss of her funds. | If he owes her money he is justified in keeping the policies in her name, for no mature man has a right to use mother’s money and then leave her unprotected. | Surely some such explanation accounts for the fact that he discriminates against his wife and child in favor of his mother. In that case, the fair thing to do would be for him to take out a third policy for you and the baby, but if he is out of work, how can he? Who keeps up the

payments on the policies he already has if he makes no money? His mother? If so, this is another reason why he may not feel justified in changing the beneficiary of his insurance. Pe. ‘haps if you give the man time he may be able to straighten out his financial affairs to your satisface tion. It won’t help your case any to get mad at his mother. The women who are successful in winning a husband from a mother who expects t06 much do so by making themselves so indispensable that they gradually replace a man’s first love—his mother. To stir up antagonism is apt to make your task harder. Have patience and watch for opportunities to increase your hold on him and lessen hers.

. ” 2 ”» Es | D®=% JANE JORDAN—I am a girl of 22. There is a young man of whom I am very fond. I cnly

see him occasionally and then our meetings are acci«

dental. | I have known him for about 11 years and he has never really asked me for a date. When alone with him he has repeatedly expressed his love for me yet I know he never thinks about me except when we are together. Do you believe that knowing a man since childhood retards his feeling toward you? I am certain of my own sentiments and therefore do not have many dates with others. Should I forget: him and find new interests or try to find out why he! is so disinterested? D. E, ;

Answer—1t you've waited: for 11 years tora man to ask you for a date, it’s high time you found other inter= ests. No one can explain adequately why a girl although attractive to some men, simply doesn’t click with one special man. Long acquaintance isn’t ncessarily a handicap. It is foolish to refuse dates with others simply because you have your heart set on some remote ideal. Look for a more responsive Sy | JANE JORDAN.

Put hots problems in a 1etler to Jane Jordan, who will | answer your. questions in this column daily. ed

Wa lter O 'Keefe—

OLLYWOOD, Cal, April 1.—The lovely ladies of , Vienna have been forbidden the use of cosmetics by the Nazi regime. Adolf feels that the use of powder on the face is pure waste as long as there's a gun around that can use it. He wants to make the Viennese belles so wiatirses tive that when an Austrian joins the colors it -won’s be tough for him to leave his sweetheart. Adolf doesn’t want the women of the Reich to bother about their faces. All he’s interested in is making over the map of the world. he! Ba a1 SOLE 04 1he Sao%s of the gals Hitler it m loor Seti and to further