Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 26 February 1938 — Page 9
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‘From Indiana =Ernie Pyle " Ernie Joins a Disney Animator in The 'Sweat Box' and Learns More Of the Mysteries of Donald Duck.
HOLLYWOOD, Feb. 26.—There are some 400 artists in the Disney studios whose work appears in the finished pictures. But only 45 of these are “animators.” The animator is the man who puts life and character into the cartoon characters. : An animator is a genius in a way. He is author, playwright, actor, creator. He is highly paid; his time is too valuable for details; consequently only. a few
the screen. Suppose we have a scene of Donald Duck getting out of his chair, ng to a table, picking up a book, putting it down, and then sitting down in another chair. That would take, roughly, 250 separate drawings.- : *- The animator doesn’t draw all these. He hits only the high action —rise from chair, handling of book, © sitting: down again. Maybe 50 rough drawings at the most. -When the animator is finished, 50- sheets go to the photo room. - Here they are ph phed, one at a time, on movie film. When shown on the screen at this stage, they
Mr. Pyle
- come out merely as -white lines on a muddy back-
- sense out-of it. -
ground. And since the in-between steps aren’t there, the Duck flashes invisibly from chair to table, very Jjerkily,- and only -those trained to it can make any
-- Now comes the “sweat box” session. It’s called this ‘because the animator has to sit in a small studio and watch these hideous black-and-white embryos jump around on the screen while the director gives him the devil. The presence of an assistant . director and a stenographer doesn’t help him out a bit. : This first test run may be only a few feet, and they’ll run it over and over, maybe two dozen times. I sat through one of these sessions for about an hour. During that time they had in four different .animators, who had drawn various paris of a sequence. - : . One of them had just been promoted to animator, and it was his first “sweat box” session. The director
: commented on it when the youngster came.in, and
‘laughed to put him at ease. His part was all right, except for a couple of changes (he didn’t have Donald’s cap as big as the others, for one thing. They have scale models to go by, but he apparently had forgotten it).
Everybody Is Friendly Nothing happened while I was there to justify the name “sweat box.” The director was friendly, and the “animators argued . back, everybody called everybody else by his first name, and a couple of ‘times the stenographer put in her two-bits! worth on changes she thought should be made. | If the director is satisfied with this preliminary ‘showing he says “0. k. for cleanup,” and the stenographer puts down “Scene 38-0; o. k. for cleanup.” All right, the original drawings now go back to the animator’s room, and are turned over to his
_ assistant.
All he does is erase all the hundreds of super-
fluous lines the animator has put on. That’s “clean-
+. My
+ ered upstairs in the Oval Room for
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up.” And then he-draws some pictures that aren’t worth the animator’s time, but may, be too difficult for the lower-bracket artists who will finish the series. - : Then when he’s through, everything is turned ove to that batch of 150 young artists known as “inbetweeners.” The name comes from the fact that they are the ones who'll draw all the simple “inbetween” pictures, showing Donald walking from chair ‘to table.
Diary By Mrs. Eleanor Roosevelt
Representatives of Thiel College Plan Memorial to Amelia Earhart.
"ASHINGTON, Friday—A group of representative men and women met in the East Room today to hear the proposition made by the president of Thiel College, Dr. Rudisill, and the head of the Lutheran Synod, Dr. Bagger, under whose auspices Thiel College is run, for a memorial to Amelia Earhart.
She was interested in this college because her family was connected with it for many years, her father and aunt graduated there. She received her first honorary degree from Thiel and wanted to help them, when her plans were cut short by her last flight :
- These plans now include a dormitory and social ~ center at the college, and scholarships granted in the . field of social service and science to graduates of any * accredited college in any part of the country. The trustees may also iwiden the scope of the memorial to include other things whic keep her memory In bringing together representative people who touch many sides of American life, the idea is to have this memorial be the expression of a great number of people who wish to honor Amelia Earhart’s memory. I would far rather see 500,000 people give a _dollar each, than have a few people raise a large sum of money. It is. Amelia’s spirit and life we want to keep as a living influence, and the more people who have a share in the memorial, the more successful we will be in reaching the objective. ‘Last night “we held our last “state reception. It was .a large one, but because the Army, Navy and Marine Corps know how to move with precision and rapidity, the guests went by the President quite rapidly. After the President went upstairs, I talked with a number of friends and then a few of us gatha chat, but by 11 o'clock all our guests were gone. tr
a. New Books Today
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: EPRESENTATIVE PATMAN'’S book, THE ROB‘AN. INSON-PATMAN ACT, (Ronald Press) will clear up much of the misunders that exists about that law. He says it “is not a ‘reform bill,’ but rathér a long forward step toward the arming of business with effective weapons against the relatively few outlaws who will not play fair.” . “Essentially,” he explains, “the present act provides that when a man sells a product to two .or
+4 more customers who are in competition in the resale
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‘of that product, he must not discriminate between them in such a way that one is given an unfair advantage over the other.” . ° ~The Robinson-Patman Act increases immeasurably Federal control over commerce between manu‘facturers, wholesalers, chains and retailers. It affects policies such as setting of prices and discounts, fixing sales territories, location of warehouses, selection of wholesalers versus use of manufacturers’ sales‘men, determination of basing points, , extension or contraction of delivery routes and granting of ad-
_yertising allowances. Public Library Presents—
YF you are interested in the life stories of men who +& have succeeded in the face of apparently insurmountable difficulties, if you would like to glimpse
® «., .- that integral part of our country’s history which his-
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‘torians have overlooked, if you thrill to the adventure er -yead the new Benjamin Brawley, entitled NEGRO BUILDERS (University of North Carolina ~~ Tts scope is wide, including Negro leaders from the tim began the journey from Africa to the press ‘ent the féw characters who are generally ‘such as Booker T. Washington and Paul e Dunbar, there also are included leaders in ‘and ‘banking, science and invention, explora-
are so fascinating that they
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of his actual drawings appear on
The photographs
show how
the sunspot curve. Above is a photo of the sun made in 1929 showing many spots. Below is the solar telescope at Mt. Wilson, California.
1925 (Last of a Series) By David Dietz ® Times Science Editor HY do women wear small hats one year, large hats another? Why are skirts long enough to sweep the sidewalks one year, short enough to expose the kneecaps another? Can the answer be sunspots ? Before you respond by saying “Ridiculous,” give thought to a few facts. It is not enough to say that fashionable dressmakers of Paris think up styles and persuade a few important society figures. to wear them, whereupon everyone else copies them. Conflicting styles are launched .every year. One style catches on, another doesn’t. And each style, which appeals to us at the moment looks ridiculous five. years later. Today we get a huge laugh out of the hats of five years ago. What do you think our reactions will be in five years to the present hats the ladies are wearing ? No, the world is still waiting for an adequate explanation of the subtle, psychological forces that
control and dictate women’s styles. And while were waiting, ‘let's
skirt-lengths have fluctuated with
The Indianapo
AS
What About Su nspots?
Skirt-Lengths Fluctuate With Intensity of Solar Unrest and
a, compare skirt-lengths with sunspot fluctuations. The spots rose to a maximum in 1928, dropped to a minimum in 1933 and then started climbing again. (You will recall that in the first article of the series I called attention to the fact that the Dow-Jones stock market averages for the same period show approximately the same ups and downs.) » » 2 URNING now to the world of fashion, we find that women’s skirts were down to the shoetops in 1925. Between 1925 and 1828, when sunspots were getting more and more ‘numerous, skirts grew shorter and shorter. By 1928 and 1929, skirts were kneelength. Then" the sunspots began to diminish and we find that skirts grew longer. By 1931 skirts had again become so long that they touched the sidewalk. : : And then as sunspots turned into the upswing again, skirts began to grow shorter once more. Ankles were once more on display in 1935 and in 1938 we find skirts still shorter though not yet so short as in 1928. ‘So, if you wish to blame styles on psychology and psychology on sunspots, there you have the data. But remember that I'm only call-
“Just take a look at that diamond and ell
Side Glances—By Clark
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ad
1932
ing attention to the data. Nobody has yet demonstrated the truth of this thesis. fae Rana
» » » UPPOSE we turn to another field where we may measure | cycles. Let us take the level of : the Great Lakes and in particular ' the level of Lake Erie. A study . of the correlations of the level of Lake Erie with the sunspot cycle
was made by .Dr. J, J. Nassau, | director of the Warner & Swasey | Observatory of Case School of . Applied Science, and ene of his associates, William Koski. The two investigators found
| that apparently there was a cor-
respondence between sunspot cycles and the behavior of Lake Erie. somewhat involved. Apparently there is a two-year lag between sunspot fluctuations and the fluctuations in the level of Lake Erie. But, as Dr. Nassau says, “where there is a variation ‘in the period of sunspots thére is * a corresponding variation in. the period of lake levels.” A sunspot maximum occurred in 1928. Two years later, in 1930, the waters of Lake Erie were so high that lake front property owners found not only their beaches, but their lawns being washed - out. After 1928 sunspots began to decline in numbers. After 1930 the lake level began to fall. Dr. Nassau and = Mr. Koski carried their examination of the records back to 1860.
: ® = » / HE records for those years revealed the following facts: Lake levels lag behind the. sunspots by two years. ? Sunspot maxima are followed by either a high water mark or a low water mark. ; Sunspot minima are followed by a secondary low water mark which is ‘not so low as that which sometimes follows a sunspot maximum. Dr. Nassau points out that the fact that sometimes a sunspot maximum brings high water and sometimes low water may be in
some way the result of the intensity of the sunspot maximum. He
1908 when the sunspot maxima were not very intense, they were followed by high water levels but
low water. The lake level must be the result of a balance between rainfall and evaporation. Dr. Nassau suggests that this balance may be
sunspot maxima. Lake Erie reached high water marks in 1862, 1868, 1908, 1918, and 1930. Each of these were two years after a sunspot’ maximum.
_and 1925, In each case these sec
The relation, however, was
points out ‘that between 1860 and
that when the maximum was an intense one, it: was followed by -
controlled by the intensity of the
The low level of 1896 was also two | years after a sunspot maximum.
ECONDARY low levelsoccurred | “in 1868, 1880, 1892, 1901, 1011 |
SATURDAY, FEBRUARY 26, 1938
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trees and other crops is best at sunspot maxima, the Hudson Bay records show just the opposite, Most pelts are obtained at the time of sunspot minima and fewest at the time of the maxima. One naturally would expect furbearing animals to be most numerable at the times of, sunspof maxima, judging from the other evidence. Dr. Stetson suggests that perhaps the enemies of these animals are more numerous at times of sunspot maxima. In other words, if the rabbits had more ‘enemies to contend with, their numbers might actually decline.
To is also the possibility 4 that disease germs thrive better and are more virulent at the times of sunspot maxima. As Dr. Stetson points out, disease germs might be more responsive to changes in the sun's ultraviolet radiation than complex animals like rabbits. : 3 The whole question of the effect of ultra-violet light on life
processes. deserves further consideration. And now, what shall we say in conclusion? We must be careful and not permit speculation to run away with us. - : Pirst of all, there is the well-
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established fact that the sunspots-
do go through regular cycles and that these cycles are accompanied by changes in‘ the electrical condition of the: sun as evidenced by changes in the solar corona. There are also changes in the amount of ultra-violet light radiated by the sun, the amount growing larger at the time of sunspot maximum. © ~ There is-every reason to believe that sunspots are only one mani-
, festation of gigantic cyclical
Entered. as Second-Class Matter at Postoffice, Indianapolis, Ind.
gg» 1938
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processes deep within the sun.
Much research is needed before
we understand them. Until we do,” we shall not understand the cause of the sunspot cycle. Secondly, we have definite evidence that the sunspots affect magnetic - and electrical conditions on earth to such an extent as to cause displays of the aurora borealis and magnetic storms which upset the compass needle, trans-Atlantic radio, and longYistance telephone and telegraph es.
” ” ” HE mechanisnis heTe are quite - well understood. Changes in the ultra-violet. radi= ation of the sun or in the eléctron streams from sunspots cause changes in the layer of electrified air known as the “radio ceiling.” Thirdly, we find a great many phenomena on earth which ap-
.pear to go in cycles roughly cor-
responding to the sunspot cycles. These, as I have indicated, appear to include stock market fluctuations, business activity, building contracts, automobile production, tree growth, wine vintages, lake levels, certain aspects of the weather, and certain aspects of women’s styles. Is this connection real or apparent? Nobody knows. We can postulate various theories based upon the notion that the ultraviolet radiation or the changes in the electrical state of the atmos phere affect human beings directly or affect them indirectly by affecting their food.
These theories are interesting and plausible enough to attract the attention of a large group of scientific men. many astronomers and other scientists who are extremely im-
patient wit the whole business -
and regard it as Amnjustified spec= ulation. . So, if you would heip me keep my scientific reputation, don’t tell anyone that I said- the sunspots had anything to do with the stock
‘market or the state of the nation.
Just say that I wrote. some articles about the subject which —I hopé—you found interesting.
Jasper—By Frank Owen
‘any I ever tasted. Mrs. Kolthoff, I remember, always
* knew it, Mrs. Kolthoff was a mem-
“comes to my house to
But there are
p. sistence is hard to resist, particularly if the daughter
‘Mr. K. is the father of nine children, and started marching
: organizing. the American Merchant Marine was in
Second Section -
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Our Town
By Anton Scherrer > Your Columnist Still Has Faith Mrs. Kolthoff's Sticky Pawpaws Excelled the Commercial Variety.
F all the women who helped to make my childhood what it was, Mrs. Kolthoff, I believe, stacks up as well as any. She was thé woman who brought us our winter’s supply of potatoes, and I still remember with what pride she used to announce her arrival.
Goodness knows she had reason to, because she raised the potatoes herself, and they were as good as
arrived ‘with a farmhand sifting beside her on the box of the big Studebaker wagon, but I never saw the man do any driving. Mrs. Kolthoff attended to that, too. As a matter of fact, the man didn’t have anything to do as far as I could see until it came time to carry the potatoes into the cellar. While the men was doing this, mother, I remember, busied herself with the : coffee pot, and before anybody my, Scherrer
ber of the family circle telling us the latest news of the farm in return for what we had to tell her of the city. The grandest part of Mrs. Kolthoff’s visit, how= ever, was her departure. Just before she left and after she got back on her wagon; she always made it a point to dig somewhere under the driver's box and pull out a bundle which she said was for us. boys. This wasn’t anything extraordinary because I remem--ber that most people with whom we had business dealings were awfully good to us kids. Mrs. Kolthoff’s gift was more exciting, however, because you never could tell what it was going to be, Sometimes it turned out to be a bag of hickory nuts and sometimes, a box of persimmons. Once, I remember, she gave us a basket of pawpaws which, she said, came straight from her farm.
Conducted Pawpaw Analysis
They were the first pawpaws I ever saw, and they struck me so strange at the time that I went to some trouble to analyze them. In shape and color, they were not unlike a banana, about three inches long with two rows -of large seeds inside. Years later I saw some on sale at the fruit stand at the northeast corner of Illinois and ‘Washington Sts, where I did most of my trading. : : The fruit stands in Indianapolis when f was a. kid were unlike anything we have now. As a rule, the equipment consisted of a couple: of shelves, 12 or 15 feet long, under an awning against the ‘bare wall of a building. The. shelves, I remember, were usually loaded with beautifully polished apples, jars of stick candy, figs, and packages of peanuts. At certain times of the year they also carried a line of exotic fruits, like oranges, bananas and pineapples. And once I remember seeing a basket of pawpaws. For some reason, however, they weren’t anything like Mrs. Kolthoff’s pawpaws. Hers were smeary and
_ sticky whereas the ones for sale were nothing like that.
To this day I don’t know whether a good pawpaw ought to taste the way Mrs. Kolthoff’s did, or whether it ought to have the flavor of the ones they sold on the fruit stands. I'll go on believing, though, that the stickier they come, the better they are. Such is my faith in Mrs. Kolthoff.
Jane Jordan— Girl Seeking. Father's Approval
Of Friend Told to Be Persistent.
DEAR JANE JORDAN—I am a high school girl who has not had very many dates. I know I am shy when I am around boys, but I can’t seem to do anything about it. Lately I have been having dates with a boy whom I did not especially like at first, but now I find him very nice. I cannot understand this boy. The only time he calls me up is to ask for a date. He never tries to see me at school and he never see me. On dates he is very nice to me and seems to like me, but why doesn’t he ever try to'see me between dates? How can I get him to come to my house sometimes? HIGH SCHOOL GIRL.
_ Answer—Probably the boy is just as shy as you are and can’t think of anything to talk about if he comes to the house for an evening. Often a girl has no place to entertain a boy out of earshot of her par-
ents and the boy feels awkward and ill at ease.
If he is taking the .girl to a party or to the show he isn’t faced with the necessity of being entertaining to a shy retiring girl like yourself. I do not know why he doesn’t see you at school, but my opinion is that again his shyness overcomes him. He doesn’t want others to razz him about his girl or to couple his name with hers. It is up to you to make the boy feel more comfortable and easy in your presence. He has shown his interest by taking you places. You can afford to be more cordial and friendly than you are. cin a J 2 2
| D Jd JANE JORDAN—I am a 16-year-old high school girl. I like a boy very much who wishes to come and see me but cannot because ‘my father told him not to come back. My father thinks this boy came with the wrong intentions, but he is wrong in his judgment. I do not like any other boys and have liked this one. for almost a year. He hasn't been to my house for four months but I have met him and gone to the show with him a few times. He wants to be allowed to come to my house and I want him to come. What do you think we should do? x : % M. F. *
Answer—You aren’t very explicit. What happened to make your father think the boy’s intentions weren’t good? It is too bad that parents are often so unsympathetic with their children’s friendships. Since
I know nothing of your father other than that he
ordered the boy off the place, I don’t know how you can handle him. oi .- In general, quiet persistence works as well as any thing. A girl with the courage to insist upon her rights while trying to see her parent’s view gradually can wear down the sternest objections, just as dripwater wears down a stone eventually. Per
has some right on her side: Win your father’s favor by doing things that he likes before you bring the subject up, and do not be discouraged by the first rebuff. Drop your campaign when your father seems irritated but bring it up again when Le is in a better humor. : JANE JORDAN.
Put your problems in a letter to Jane Jordan, who will answer your questions in this column daily. | i
1 Walter O'Keele—~
OLLYWOOD, Feb. 26.—With the cheers of every body ringing in his ears, Joe Kennedy has sailed for his post as Ambassador in London; and you'll notice that that family?of his didn’t sail with him. { he figured if Mrs. K.,and the kids : down the gangplank at Southampton the English would think the Yanks: were landing again. : gi i That schoolhouse in Boston that Joe's children ate tend will probably have to close down. The non-Kene nedy kids will get lonesome. - Sop gE Of course, nobody could have better qualifications
: for diplomacy than Joe. Any father who can keep
peace among nine children is certainly able to take care of the situation in Europe. -- er 2 = reason Joe has been so busy for months re-:
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