Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 7 February 1938 — Page 9

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From Indiana == Ernie Pyle

Duke Kahanamoku, Once a Famous Swimmer, Now Is the Sheriff of Honolulu and the Hero of Hawaii. (Editorial, Page 10)

ONOLULU, Feb. 7.—For years 1 have wondered what ever became of two oncefamous people whose roots were in the

Pacifie. They were Sessue Hayakawa, the Japanese movie star of some 20 years ago, and Duke Kahanamoku, the great Hawaiian swimmer. Well, I still don’t kngw what's become of Sessue. But I can tell you about Duke. For he has remained one of Hawaii's distinguished eitizens. There is something almost of reverence in Hawaii's attitude toward him. His character and his conduct have been so near perfection that he has become almost symbolic of the greatness of old Hawaii. Duke Kahanamoku was one of the greatest swimmers ever known. At 20 he was a world-wide hero of sports. He has attended four Olympic games. For a quarter of a century he has traveled and been acclaimed. But he has kept his balance. He has never made a fool of himself. He has never stooped, nor lost his dignity. And of the many types of dignity, 1 believe none can surpass the simple serenity of the pure Hawaiian. Duke Kahanamoku has never married. He is 47 now, big and well-kept and handsome. He towers above you, and in his 210 pounds is no fat. His once coal-black hair is now a steely gray. His face has an utter calm about it. He can say “pooh” to middle age. Duke is now sheriff of Honolulu. I had luncheon with him at the county jail. He's on his fourth year, and it's likely he can be sheriff for as long as he wants. No one could beat him. He is quietly cordial, and reminisces enthusiastically when you're alone and get him started. Although his schooling wasn't extensive, his English is good.

Wanted to Become Aviator

His greatest ambition was to be an aviator, He missed out by getting double-pneumonia in Washington in 1018, just when he was all set to get in the Army. He was a close friend of Capt. BEd Musick, recently lost with the Samoan Clipper. Duke and Earl Thacker believe they are the only men in Honolulu who have crossed from California all possible ways—ocean liner, sailing yacht, and airlane. P Once, coming home, Duke jumped off the liner for a swim in mid-ocean. They had to back up to get him. He couldn't keep up. He is conscientious about his job. He says the old 1904 jail is terrible, and he works hard to make things better. Everything is spotlessly clean. Duke calls some of the prisoners by their first names, and jokes with them as he walks through. Duke was in the Olympic games of 1812, 1920, 1024 and 1932. At one time he held practically all the world swimming records in existence. A few of his marks still stand. His house is full of cups he has won, and others are scattered around town in the offices of friends. His medals are stored away. But he still swims or surfboads at Waikiki almost every afternoon. “I guess you can still step right along in the water, can't you?” I asked. * “Well I manage laughed.

My Diary By Mrs. Eleanor Roosevelt

First Lady Appalled at Amount of Space Given Hair-Bobbing Report.

YDE PARK, N. Y, Sunday.—Here I am at Hyde Park spending two days exclusively in sleeping, eating and taking the air. I will be on the midnight train bound for Washington, and very grateful for the time I have had up here. It was just as well, however, that I cannot stay too long a time, for I am afraid I should begin to feel that cities were never meant to be permanent habitations for man. I have had a little time to look over some of the clippings which have been sent to me in the past few days. I am appalled at the amount of space newspaper writers have filled with nothing more important than the possibility that a woman might bob her hair! I did not bob it and when that was discovered, my reasons for not doing so also were given. I received letters commending me for cutting off my hair and letters berating me for being so undignified. I thoroughly enjoyed an anonymous postcard with the following poem: “Who? Eleanor? Nerve you've got To say her hair is bobbed. That knot 1s needed on her head like that To help hold down Eleanor's hat, For there are times when she must go A-riding where the winds do blow. And oh! She knows, most gasping sirs, If bobbed, you'd steal a hat of hers.”

Recalls New Yorker's Story

This furore reminds me of a story which a lady in New York told me the other day. Her husband had been at a dinner and his neighbors told him

to keep afloat” he said, and

‘some rather astounding things which I was sup-

posed to have done. She repeated them all to me and when I said rather mildly, that I heped he had denied the tales, she said, “He did tell them that it didn’t sound much like you.” Of course, the tales had less foundation than the story of my bobbed hair, for I did cut off a little hair on the sides, whereas I had done nothing faintly resembling the gossip which had been told the gentleman at the dinner. I couldn't help being amused, however, at the thought of a world filled with beauty and tragedy, happiness and sorrow, all to be recorded in our daily papers and conversation, and then we fuss about such little things—the way a woman wears her hair, and: “My dear, did you hear that Mrs. So and So has just done . . .”

New Books Today

Public Library Presents—

EAUTIFUL illustrations and a text which re B peatedly stresses the fact that the secret of Paris is not to be found in its night life characterize THE SPIRIT OF PARIS by Paul Cohen-Portheim (Batsford). The author, first led to Paris through his talent for painting, depicts the streets, squares and vistas; the cities within a eity; the parks and gardens: the city as an art center and in its relation to the theater; the city by day and by night; Paris as the capital of France and as a world city. The book has a special appeal for the prospective visitor who appreciates definite statements as to the location of places and the felative significance of similar points of interest. The visitor who understands that no amount of money and no guide can show him the real Paris any better than he can see it for himself will find here corroboration of his belief as well as valuable aid in discovering and enjoying the real spirit of Paris. sa = 8

HE story of Roanoke is one which Americans and English alike remember with vride and sorrow. After two unsuccessful attempts to carry out Sir Walter Raleigh's dream of an English colony in Virginia, it seemed that the dream might at last become a reality when in 1857, Eleanor Dare and John Borden made & brave attempt to found a permanent settlement at Roanoke, The tragedy of their failure is the theme of THE LOST COLONY (University of North Carolina Press), a stirring drama in which Paul Green tells with dignity and pathos the story of one of the most heroic e es in the history of

Vagabond!

By Theodore Andrica

Times Special Writer

Rivers on the other.

1,200,000.

counts a Jewish population of 400,000. The rest are scattered throughout the other countries of the world. The earliest Jews were half peasant, half nomads. Today most of them are engaged in commerce and industry although there are a surprisingly large number work-

ing on farms, s ” .

FTER the split of the early Semitic group into various tribes, the most important being the Bne Israel, or the Children of Israel, a large number settled

between the Nile and the desert, under Egyptian rule. This was 1600 years before the Christian era. Disliking the possibility of being treated as slaves a number of the Semitics followed the advice of their leader, Moses, who induced them to seek the land of Canaan. After 40 years of wandering, during which time Moses died, the tribe of Judah reached the present site of Jerusalem. Others crossed the Jordan and settled in Transjordania. The Jews' defense against their hostile neighbors was directed by a succession of Jewish leaders. David

kingdom numbering 6,000,000 subJects. His son, Solomon, gave the Hebrew religion a permanent shrine when he built the Temple in Urusalim. Following his death the unity of the country was destroyed. First Assyria, then Babylon, delivered crushing blows to the Jews. When Babylonia emerged vietorious from a war against Egypt the kingdom of Judea, occupying the present site of Palestine, became the vassal of Babylonia. ” ” 8 HE Judeans revolted against the Babylonians and the latter destroyed Jerusalem and the Temple in 586 B. C. More than

30,000 Jews were carried to Babylonia. If the Jews in Babylonia adopted some of their captors’ customs they did it to make life easier. In their mind Judea remained their homeland. Beginning in 537 B. C. the Jews were allowed to return to Jerusalem. Comparative peace reigned for several centuries. The Jews had time to crystalize the forms of their worship. The Torah, constituting the law of the Jewish people, took its final form during his period. When Greece tried forcible Hellenization in Judea, about 170 years before the Christian era, the Jews revolted, but unsuccessfully. Their temple was consecrated to the Greek god, the Olympian Zeus, Only after Judas Maccabeus defeated the Greeks in 165 B. C. was the temple reconsecrated for the use of the Jews. Rome celebrated the defeat of the. Greek army and the entry into Jerusalem by a massacre of more than 10000 Jews, 63 years before Christ. Thousands of Jewish slaves were sold all over the growing empire. During Herod's rule almost 100,000 Jews were killed. But throughout all these violent altercations between the Romans and the Jews, the latter still enjoyed a certain amount of religious autonomy.

made Urusalim the capital of a.

HE Jews is the general name for the Semitic people who inhabited Palestine from early times. Their history began 3000 years ago in the area lying between the Nile on one side and the Euphrates and Tigris Much of the Jews’ early history is learned from legends and from the Old Testament. There are more than 16,000,000 Jews living today in the various countries of the world, 4,500,000, live in the United States. Poland follows with 8,200,000, Russia with 3,100,000 and Rumania with

The largest number,

There are 730,000 Jews living in the territories of the British Empire, 600,000 in French possessions, 400,000 in Germany, 360,000 in Czechoslovakio, 450,000 in Hungary, 250,000 in Austria, 215,000 in Argentina. Palestine, itself

N 70 A. D. the Romans destroyed the Jewish temple in Jerusalem. It was shortly after this period that Jewish scholars passed resolution that if a Jew were asked under threat of death to deny his faith he might do so or at least pretend to do so. When Emperor Constantine became converted to Christianity, in the early part of the Fourth Century, Judaism became a forbidden creed and Christianity, which was until then an outlaw religion, be= came a lawful creed. The grows ing cleavage between the Chris= tians and the Jews became larger. In the middle of the Seventh Century the followers of Mohammed, known under the collective name of Islam, conquered Babylonia, Persia, Syria, Egypt and the north coast of Africa. For the first time the Jews, living in these various countries were brought under one authority, that of Islam. The Jews were the most impor= tant representatives of internastional trade between Asla and Europe, from Bagdad as far west as the Frankish empire. The Jews helped the Arabs with money and men in conquering pres= ent day Spain. In exchange they were granted religious liberty. Spain became the intellectual center of Judaism. Here the Hebrew language was standardized and such great philosophers as Maimonides and Judah Halevi were born. From Spain the penetration of Jews into western Europe began as early as in the Second Century. This penetration of Jews in masses, however, was halted early in the Eighth Century, although in southern France and Germany the Jews were granted full liberty to settle down in exchange for heavy taxes. ” ” » URING the Crusades to the Holy Land the Jews in Europe suffered greatly when over-zealous soldiers marching toward Jerusalem massacred thousands of Jews encountered along the way. Jewish communities in Germany and France paid heavy contributions to their rulers in exchange for protection. Jews moved into England after the Norman conquest, in the latter part of the 11th Century. In exchange for a high percentage of their profits the Jews were permitted to settle down in England. Religious and economic causes brought increased pressure against the Jews during the 12th and 13th Centuries in Germany, England, France and Spain. As the Hapsburgs increased their power in Austria, persecution of Jews on religious grounds became more acute in that country, too. The Jews were ordered to leave England in 1290. They took refuge in France and Germany and some in Spain. But the French compelled them to leave the country in 1306. In Germany, Bavaria and Austria their lot grew worse when false charges of ritual murder were made against the Jews. Thousands of Jews were burned in Germany when they were accused of causing the black plague, which killed 25.000,000 people. The largest part left Germany for the more moderate parts of Austria, Bohemia and Poland. 8 8 ” HEN came Spain's “war” against the Mohammedans and the Jews. On March 31, 1492, the year of America's discovery,

-

napolis

MONDAY, FEBRUARY 17, 1938

Jewish Destiny

In 3000 Years Semitic People Have Spread Throughout World

(First of Five Articles)

S——

SO ECE a—— Ota

a

Bt Li

Entered a at Postoffice,

“In quietness and confidence shall be our strength.”

Spain ordered the Jews to leave the country. More than 300,000 Jews fled eastward, to Poland, Turkey, Egypt, Palestine and Rumania. Poland has been a place of refuge for Jews since the Ninth Century. During the Ukrainian uprising of 1648 in Poland, however, more than 200000 Jews were killed by the Cossacks. Ten years later 600 Jewish communities were destroyed in Poland and hundreds of thousands of Jews were killed. Came the partition of Poland

and the Jews’ fate grew worse. Ukraine and Lithuania were made Russian territory. Jews were not allowed to move into Russia. The cities along the so-called “pale of settlement” were overcrowded with Jews following the edict of Tsar Alexander I, which forbade the Jews to live in the villages. After the French Revolution, the Jews in England, France, Italy and Germany were granted more rights and they were given more liberty to develop their intellectual and religious life.

The first Jewish settlements in the Americas date from 1650. Jewish colonization spread over the north coast of South America, the Antilles, the British West Indies and still later to North America. The greatest number of Jews came to the United States toward the end of the 19th Century, and through the period ending with the World War,

NEXT — Search for a Home Land. The Palestine experiment.

Scientists Conduct Experiments With Air

To Learn What Constitutes a Draft

By Science Service EW YORK, Feb. T—Jack Sprat, who ate no fat, and his wife, who ate no lean, have nothing on family arguments which arise over drafts. A draft for one person may not be a draft for another and so the American Society of Heating and Ventilating Engineers has ap-

pointed a research committee to investigate the scientific bases of temperature and air movement which constitute a draft. The report of F. C. Houghten, Carl Gutberlet and Edward Witkowski, working in the Pittsburgh laboratories of the Society, states: “Drafts are probably the source of more complaints directed against ventilating and air conditioning systems than any other defect. Notwithstanding this fact, the engineer has no way of evaluating what constitutes a draft other than his own personal feelings. There is even a lack of understanding of just what is meant by a draft.” The sensation commonly called a draft, explain the scientists, is feeling of local coolness in one part of the body while the rest of the body feels warm. Arguments about drafts arise because it Ws almost

impossible for the average person to tell whether the local sense of coolness is caused by a stream of air (a real draft) or by local contact with air that is cooler than the rest of the air in a room. A person also may get a sense of local coolness because of radiation from the body to a cooler surface, like a cold wall or window. This feeling may be interpreted as a draft. ou ” ”

DRAFT, then, is any one, or all three conditions: excess movement of normal air, contact with cooler air, or radiation of a part of the body to a cold surface. A draft, while literally a movement of air, has come to mean a local coolness in the body and it is this mixed use of a single word which causes confusion. To determine what combinations

Heard in Congress—

Rep. Coffee (D. Wash.) : Mr. Ford is a collector of early American furniture and a student of early American folk dancing. But he appears to have little fondness for that earliest of American treasures —the belief that all men are equal before the law.

of temperature and air movement constitute: a draft the research committee has been using test subjects in the laboratory. To test a draft on the ankles the subject sits with his feet in separate cardboard boxes into which pours air of known temperature and humidity. Tiny thermo-couples enable investigators to know, at any time, the temperature of the ankles while the subject marks on a chart his feeling about the “draft.” Or, in another test, the stream of air may be directed at the neck of the subject. Two findings already have been obtained. An air velocity increase of 15 feet per minute usually is equivalent to a drop in temperature of one degree. And the ankles stand a much lower temperature before a feeling of coolness is noted. This latter is expiained by the fact that one’s feet really dwell in a quite different temperature environment than the rest of the body. In a room where the temperature is 70 degrees at the waistline, the floor—and the feet and ankles—may be subjected to a temperature of 66 degrees.

Side Glances—By Clark

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et to know my husband better you'll find he hasn't o slightest idea what he's talking.ebout.

4

A WOMAN'S VIEW,

By Mrs. Walter Ferguson

Wis the men get into jams, having to admit failure, they generally make the gallant gesture of inviting the ladies to help. Thus we find ourselves urged to keep the nation out of war and out of debt, educational standards, to encourage the arts, improve politics, strengthen moral standards, start a more sane spending program and crusade against syphilis. There's plenty of work, no doubt of it, but for the sake of getting a little of it done well I wish we would tackle one thing at a time. Nobody is going to rise up and announce himself in favor of syphilis. That would be news; however, it seems to me it would be smart for women to confine their fighting to the home ground. Parents could do brave work in the campaign if they insisted upon seeing a medical certificate from every young man who came proposing for a daughter's hand. Clubwomen could perform near miracles if, instead of holding conferences to discuss campaigns, they would investigate health conditions in their own cities. The other day I talked to a doctor who said if the money provided by the taxpayers could be put into the hands of the county medical societies—and this is done already in many places—the expense of caring for the indigent sick could be cut almost in half. So if we're going to fight let's not do it entirely over nation-wide hookups or in the ne or committee meetings. Let's the

ve battle to the menace in

Jasper—By Frank Owen

Second-Class Matter ndianapolis,

Second Section

PAGE 9

Ind.

By Anton Scherrer

Benton Murals, Prepared for the Worlds Fair, Won't Do Anyone Any Good Stored on the Fair Grounds.

A COUPLE of years ago I had occasion to wonder about the future of the Benton murals—the ones Indiana so proudly sent to the Chicago Worlds Fair to help make it the significant thing it was. Remember? Acclaimed by critics at the time as tops, these murals now lie stored away somewhere on the State Fair Ground§. For all I know, they may be in good condition, and then again maybe not. Let's sup-

pose they are. Even so, of what earthly good are they to anybody as long as nobody can see them? The situation is just as fantastic as if somebody were to take Booth Tarkington’s books out of circulation because of lack of shelf room. Certainly, the Benton murals desevre better treatment. To prove it, I cite the number of disappointed people who stopped off in Indianapoiis last year to have a look at them. There were more than you think. I'm told that three out of five visitors to the State Library ask about them, and on the occasion of the scientists’ convention here recently, any nume-

Mr. Scherrer

ber of visitors went to the Herron in the hope of

seeing them. Maybe it isn't too late to do something about it. Properly housed in a simple, substantial structure designed for the purpose, the Benton murals would be turned into a benefit instead of the burden they now appear to be. Treated with the respect they de=serve, they might even turn out to be the object of pilgrimages from all parts of the State; indeed, from all parts of the country. Only two things stand in the way: The initiative to do something about it, and the matter of money. Certainly, we have somebody around here who can get things going. As for the money, the price of a half a dozen miles of concrete road building, which nobody would miss, would do the trick. It’s a cheap price to pay to save Indiana from the ridicule of future generations. The Benton murals aren't the only thing I have on my mind today. There is also the matter of the studio audience, quite the ghastliest thing to come out of the radio field thus far,

They Applaud Anything

Time was when a broadcast had the unexpected= ness of an adventure. Now, with audiences of their own choice in their own studios, it becomes more apparent every day that a broadcast is as predictable as the Fourth of July, or anything else that's fixed. Nobody—neither the radio people nor anybody else—can make me believe that any good can come of it. For two reasons: (1) Because of the uniform=ly good temper of the picked audiences, and (2) be= cause of the uniformly bad judgment of the radio people. Studio audiences cheer, applaud and giggle at everything handed them, with the result that it's going to the heads of the radio people. It ends up with the radio people believing that every program is a knockout. Why, just the other night even the Ten Toe Tapping Terpsichorean Twins got a hand and today I learn that they are signed up for next year. In the meantime, 10 million of us, blind as bats, is groing our radios wondering what all the clapping 3 about.

Jane Jordan—

Believes Average Wife Wants One Man Able to Conquer His Rivals.

EAR JANE JORDAN-—I am 24 years old and have been married three and a half years. We have two children. My husband and I still love each other and our children. He is 29 years old and is a good provider. He doesn’t smoke, drink or use foul language, and I am the only woman in his life. He

is just a good sport. But the trouble is that recently I met another man whom I also love and he loves me in return. We don’t feel right in loving each other when I love my husband, too. We are trying so hard to forget and just be pals. He doesn’t want me and my husband to sacrifice anything for him but wants us to go on loving each other and keep our home and family together. My husband knows all about this other man but he isn’t jealous of us. He says if we can’t forget he will leave everything with me and give me my freedom, but he loves the children, and I love him too much to let him sacrifice everything that is near and dear to him. Do you think we could forget quicker and easier if we kept apart all the time or if we were together more? We have promised each other to forget but it breaks my heart to hurt him. Do you think there is such a thing as loving two people equally? UNHAPPY. o ” ”

Answer—It may be possible to love two people equally but it certainly isn’t practical. The marriage 9f three has no potentialities for success in our culture as your signature of ‘“Unhappy” indicates.

No matter how nobly eager the people involved are to grant each other freedom, in the majority of cases the unconscious self doesn’t want it after all. Some consider it quite sophisticated, wise and broad-minded for married people not to resent the intrusion of a third into their union. Perhaps it is an intelligent attitude to assume where the ine trusion is temporary, for it gives the new affair a chance to die of ennui without being kept alive by the stimulant of opposition. But when two men contrive to love the same woman without feeling jealous of each other, I sus=pect both of being deficient as men. If I were the woman I would wonder if either man knew what 1t was to be whole-heartedly in love. For centuries the male has had a strong feeling of possession toward his women, particularly toward the mother of his children. Every male has its exceptions, of course, but I still think that the average woman wants one man strong enough to hold her and has a sneaking contempt for the man weak enough to let another encroach on his territory. Reactions built into the race do not vanish at intellectual command. If you are honest with yourself I think you'll admit that you wish one of these two men would beat the other over the head and settle the situation once and for all. You are like a woman with two sons or two brothers or two friends rather than two lovers. Don’t you secretly look upon their toleration of each other as slightly sissy and long for a conqueror to claim all of you instead of just half? JANE JORDAN.

Put your problems in a letter to Jane Jordan, who will answer your questions in this column daily. J

Walter O'Keefe—

OLLYWOOD, Feb. 7.—~The New Deal may be giving business the, jitters, but it’s driven the State of Georgia to drink. After 20 years of total abstinence they have repealed their laws against liquor. Maybe they figure that an occasional snifter may dull the edge of the news from Washington and Wall Street. In other words, they intend to serve red wine with the meat course—that is if they can find the money somewhere to buy the meat, With the New Deal philosophy saying “You can’t take it with you” and “You can’t have it here,” the Southerners feel that a fellow is entitled to a split= ting headache from other sources from the

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