Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 26 January 1938 — Page 11

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Second Section

: From Indiana = Ernie Pyle

City of Hilo Expects Destruction By Volcano Within 20 Years, but Now It Makes Money From Eruptions

ILO, Hawaii, Jan. 26.—This city lives in the delightful atmosphere of knowing that one of these days it’s going to be covered up by a volcano. In fact, the day may not be far away. Dr. Thomas Jaggar, the great volcanologist, says flatly that Mauna Loa will erupt and flow toward Hilo within 20 years. He says it positively, without qualification. He says it's as certain as the sun coming up tomorrow. He has made statements like that before, and they've always come true. At Dr. Jaggar's insistence, Hilo has organized itself for an eventual evacuation. The National Guard, the police and fire departments, the AY _ Chamber of Commerce—all are EB. "% . Y trained and instructed. The evacusg ation machine will start clicking . 4§ { the minute danger becomes acute. 3 There is no likelihood of any loss of life. For the destroyer will come Mr. Pyle as a slowly flowing river of lava, rather than a sudden fiery explosion. But if the lava does flow over Hilo, there will be no city left. These 20,000 people will be without homes and businesses; $51,000,000 worth of property will be wiped out; and the only decent harbor on the Island of Hawaii filled up and destroyed. Dr. Jaggar thinks all this can be averted. He has a plan, I heard him explain his plan at an official hearing before the U. S. Army Engineers.

pos

Dr. Jaggar explained to them how the scientists |

can figure out, from the dope sheets of a hundred

years’ past performances, just about when and where |

the next flow will be. He says it will be on the Hilo side of Mauna Loa. He says that past flows have built up such a network of ridges and embankments that there is only one valley left for the lava to flow in—and this valley goes directly down to Hilo. > So Dr. Jaggar's idea for saving Hilo is to build artificial walls, or dikes, to divert the lava flow. There would be three of them. Two would be way up near the top of Mauna Loa, placed to divert the flow shortly after it came out of the cracks in the mountain slope. The third would be right behind Hilo. This would be the ace in the hole, the last barrier just in case the two others didn't work.

Large Crowds Attracted

These dikes would be thick walls built of old lava

rock—more like earthworks than walls. Just something bulky, to shunt the slow flow of the molten lava.

The longest of the two up on the mountain would be | five miles long and 15 feet high. The other would be |

a mile long and 20 feet high. The ace-in-the-hole dike, right behind Hilo, would be 18 feet high and seven miles long, starting right behind Hilo and running obliquely down to the sea. You might think the people of Hilo would go around in constant horror of Mauna Loa. Just the reverse. They're in constant hope that Mauna Loa will spout off. There are two parts to such a philosophy: 1. While recognizing danger, they trust Dr. Jaggar to save them somehow. 2. Whenever Mauna Loa or Kilauea starts throwing fire, people rush from all over the islands to see it. And how the money jingles! People flock in by airplane and boat.

crowds of sightseers were so great. brings business—sort of like a World's Fair. most pray for eruptions in Hilo.

My Diary

By Mrs. Eleanor Roosevelt

Underprivileged Farm Youth Is in |

Need of Early Vocational Guidance. ASHINGTON, Tuesday. —TIt is curious how one’s |

early loves remain the most alluring! As I recognized familiar faces at the National Youth Admin-

istration meeting yesterday, I found myself wishing I | were back in New York State all the time and really | own |

able to work on some of the problems home.

in my

That being out of the question, T listened with the |

greatest of interest to the plans which were being formulated to help underprivileged rural vouth obtain . better training along specific lines. This will make

living at home pleasanter and getting a job much more |

possible than under present circumstances where a great many young people have no real skill to offer. I still feel, of course, that rural youth, not only in the mountains and less populated areas, but right in New York State, needs guidance long before high school age is reached. The number of country boys who leave high school in the first year or two, greater than the number of girls.

Visits Mrs. Lehman

I* think that the reason is that their work in schools holds little real interest for them. They have a little more confidence in their own ability and strength than have the girls, they fling themselves into the arena of life and land in the group of unskilled labor which usually offers them a dead-end job and causes them to be the first to be unemployed. After the meeting I went over to call on Mrs. Lehman. It was very pleasant to find myself walking in the old executive mansion and being greeted with cordiality by Mrs. Lehman, Col. and Mrs. Frederick Stuart ‘Greene and all the household whom I remember so pleasantly. Mrs. Lehman has done over the dining room and made it so much lighter and more cheerful than it was when we were there.

New Books Today

Public Library Presents—

HIRTY-FIVE contributions from economists,

sociologists and statesmen have been gathered by | Findlay MacKenzie in the volume entitled PLANNED | SOCIETY, YESTERDAY, TODAY AND TOMORROW |

(Prentice-Hall), Beginning with a discussion by Margaret Mead of the simple economic planning of primitive societies, the reader finds here essays on ancient society, the medieval guild system, the nationalistic mercantilism of the post-Renaissance era, and the Jsissez-faire theory with its practical modifications of 19th Century industrialism. Parts IIT and IV, which constitute the greater portion of the book, cover the questions, from many different points of view, of economic planning in the societies of the present and future. The consideration of the planned use of land, the control of industrial relations, the regulation of public services, and credit control, leads to the discussion of general economic planning, the methods by which it may be attained, and the conditions under which it may be operated successfully. » = "

CHOLAR and literary critic, an exile from his native Italy, G. A. Borgese writes in imaginative and analvtical temper of GOLIATH, THE MARCH OF FASCISM (Viking Press). Seeing in the fascism of Italy more than the phenomenon of one brief hour, he traces its roots in the long history of Italy—back to Dante, who longed for the authority and unity of the Roman Empire; back to Machiavelli, who glorified the state and the ruler and justified cruelty and treachery for the sake of their glory; through the later years of warring factions to the unification of the country in the 19th Century; and to the 20th Century with its poverty, humiliations and psychological attitudes which made possible II Duce and his black-shirted soldiers. As the author surveys Italy's present position, from which she has been able to threaten successfully her European opponents, he is pessimistic as to the immediate future, He foresees, if fascism is permitted to spread unchecked, an age blacker than the darkest vears of medievalism. His one hope he finds in the fact that possibly the Italians themselves may awake to realize that Mussolini's power is after all theirs to confirm or to deny, and once more may declare themselves a free and civilized people.

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But the truth is |

By Milton Bronner

Times Special Writer

toreign spectators.

Versailles, after the war, with an advanced case of inferiority complex and his political clothing in tatters. For five years ago Chap-lin-moustached Adolf Hitler strode from the Brown House in Munich, waved a magic swastika-headed wand, and made of his adopted country one of the world’s most potent forces for good or for evil, for war or for peace, The debit side of his career has been stated repeatedly; his persecution of the Jew: his attacks on the church; his abolition of a

free press, free assembly, free speech and free political parties; his destruction of the labor-ruled trades unions and of Free Masonry; his debasement of the courts to party ends; his prisons and concentration camps filled with men whose chief crime was pacifism or socialism or opposition to his policies. 2

» »

UT. at least from the standpoint of most of the 68 million Germans themselves, the credit side is enormous. What post-war German republicans did not dare to attempt, Hitler the dictator did. He tore the Treaty of Versailles into tatters. And he defiantly took Germany out of the League of Nations. On March 16, 1935, he boldly announced that he would reintroduce conscription despite the Treaty of Versailles, and that he would proceed to build a huge

There have | been times when you couldn't get a place to sleep, the | So an eruption | They al- |

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army. And this army has been built. In June, 1935, he gave the world another surprise when it was learned Great Britain had signed with him a naval agreement making another big rent in the Versailles treaty. Germany, the nation which was to have a small navy, was now by British sanction to have 35 per cent the total strength of the navy of England. In that same year Adolf Hitler saw the Saar triumphantly brought back to Germany as a result of a plebiscite in which an overwhelming vote was cast in favor of return to the Reich. ” n ”n N March, 1936, he sent shivers down French, spines when he reoccupied the Rhineland and stationed abundant troops in a hitherto demilitarized area, proceeding to make it impregnable from attack from the west. In November. 1936, he reassumed control of the international rivers insofar as they flowed through Germany. In January, 1937, he forbade foreign warships going through the Kaiser Wilhelm Canal unless by specific German permission. In 1937 he also perfected the famous Berlin-Rome axis, a strong pact between German and Italian dictators, and sealed it by having Mussolini come to Germany for a triamphant reception in September. What Hitler said in his famous book “Mein Kampf” proved to be true. He predicted a strong Germany would be listened to. With a mighty army, a big air force and a growing navy. Europe listens when Hitler speaks. o = »

NSIDE Germany Hitler and his A lieutenants have done everything possible to make good Nazis of the coming generations. The very babes in the kindergartens are taught legends and history from the Nazi standpoint. At 10 the boys join the Hitler Young

WEDNESDAY, JANUARY 26, 1938

Five Years of Hitlerism

ERLIN, Jan. 26.—Five years of Hitlerism—and Herr German walks again unafraid along the avenue of the world. Jan. 30 will be more than the fifth anniversary of a one-time itinerant house-painter’s fabulous rise to a pinnacle of a brutal, peril-fraught major operation for deflated ego that was beneficial to the patient but hard on the

The 1938 German no longer is the obsequious; cringing, hopeless weakling who emerged from rountain-studded

Gen. Hermann Goering has charge of the German four-year

plan, designed to make the army

stronger and stronger and to build of Germany a self-sustaining fortress.

Folks and the girls the League of German Maidens, At 14 the boys join the Hitler Youth. Later they go into labor camps for six months’ service, and still later are liable for conscription for the army. After that, they may join the Brown Shirts—S. A. organiza= tion—or may even aspire to the elite Black Shirt outfit, the S. S. German money, which is probably backed only by about one per cent gold coverage is, nevertheless, so cleverly managed that Germans call it the soundest currency in the world. Unemployment has been vastly cut down. Six million people were unemployed when Hitler came to power. Today it is claimed there are only 500,000. But Jews, Socialists, Communists and pacifists are not counted nor are the masses of men taken into the new army, or working in the labor camps. And last year it was stated the famous Winter Relief Fund gave assistance to 12,000,000 people. It is just a German paradox. t » 5

EACE is ever on Hitler's lips, but everything is being sacrificed to making the army stronger and stronger. The famous FourYear plan is designed for this purpose. Its other ultimate goal is to make Germany a selfsustaining fortress. Hence the encouragement to the farmers to in-

crease their crops. Hence the manufacture of artificial rubber and wool and the extraction of gasoline from coal. But Gen. Hermann Goering, who has charge of the Four-Year plan, has one of the hardest tasks in the world. It has been stated that there are 34 raw materials which a nation must have, if it is to be strong in war and prosperous in peace. Germany just has two—potash and coal. It partly supplies itself with six more, but must import the other 26 among which are vegetable oils, nickel, tungsten, chromium, bauxite, antimony, molybdenum, asbestos, vanadium. copper, cotton, jute and hemp. Hence arises Hitler's demand for colonies in the hope that he can thus supply part of these needs, and, secondly, the German pressure towards the east of Europe, where Russia's Ukraine and southeastern Europe could supply so much wanted materials.

Germany, Taking Stock, Delights in Reborn Pride

Eritered as Second-Class Matter

PAGE 11

at Postoffice. Indianapolis, Ind.

Portending possible new flareups of Mediterranean sea troubles and definitely strengthening the ties of friendship between Germany and Italy, three Ger-

man warships are pictured on a

visit to Naples.

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Emblazoned with swastika flags the pocket-battleship Deutschland (right), and three destroyers, typify the growing power of the Reich’s new navy. been patrolling Spanish waters.

They have

'Million-Volt X-Ray Used in Cancer Treatment Does Not Injure Skin

By David Dietz Times Science Editor { EW YORK, Jan. 26—X-ray| treatments of cancers and | | other deep-seated growths can be | | carried on without damage to the {skin with the new 1,000,000-volt | X-ray machine at the Presbyterian Hospital of New York. This is the | outstanding advantage of the high voltage equipment, according to Dr, Francis Carter Wood, famous cancer expert and director of the Crocker Institute of Columbia University. The apparatus at the Presbyterian Hospital was installed by the Crocker Institute. One of the great difficulties in X-ray therapy in the past has been the sensitiveness of the skin to the rays. Often the amount of the dose which could be used was limited by the danger of burning the skin. This danger is eliminated by the high-voltage machine, according to Dr. Wood, so that an hour treatment can be given a patient instead of the more usual 10-minute treatment. “The lack of damage to the skin is due almost entirely to the fact that at the high voltages approaching 1,000,000 volts, the electrons, which are the things that damage

the cells and not the X-ray itself, are largely scattered forward instead of in all directions,” Dr. Wood explains. “There is, therefore, .little throwback of the electrons on the inner surface of the skin and hence less damage to it than with lower voltage radiation. For example, at 200,000 volts, the back-scatter is some 45 per cent of the impinging beam while at 800,000 volts it is less than 5 per cent.” Dr. Wooa says that many persons think that a 1,000,000-volt X-ray machine must possess some uncanny power hitherto unknown, forgetting that the rays of radium are the equivalent of ‘a 2,000,000 X-ray beam. 8 ” »

NOTHER great mistake, he says, is to imagine that enormous quantities of radiation are given to the patient with the 1,000,-000-volt machine. The advantage of the high voltage is not to get large amounts of rays but to get rays of high = penetraving power which means extremely short wave-length. Only about a 1000th of the power which enters the X-ray tubg comes out in the form of rays which are permitted to reach the patient.

Much of the energy is lost in the machinery itself while lead filters are used to screen out all but the very shortest rays emitted by the X-ray tube.

| “The patient receives at a time |

but little more X-ray energy than is used in the taking of an ordinary X-ray film,” Dr. Wood explains. But instead of putting the patient close to the X-ray tube, he'is placed about six feet from it. The X-rays are concentrated in one beam of extreme ‘sharpness upon the locality of the growth under treatment, ' » Experiments are under way to test the efficiency of the machine at various voltages and to measure the characteristics of the waves at these different voltages. It is of interest to note that the standard method of measuring the effect of X-rays today is by determining their effect upon the eggs of the fruit fly or “drosophila,” to use the scientific name for the fly.

See This Page Tomorrow for "Men Against the ‘Maiming Death."

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Side Glances—By Clark

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"He's never been known to buy a book, but the manager thinks * he helps to sell them in this department.” *

A WOMAN'S VIEW

By Mrs. Walter Ferguson T last some statistical proof is

favorite contention of mine, and am | I grateful to The Ladies Home Jour- | nal! The first of a series of reports | culled from the experience of thousands of American women puts inlaw trouble very low on the list of marriage handicaps. Yet haven't we been told for vears and years that relatives act as destructively on marriage as boll! weevils on cotton? The bride who lives within visiting distance of her husband's parents is regarded as a martyr in some quarters, while the wretched jokes on the subject of a man and his mother-in-law have violated every standard of truth and good taste. The whole structure of family life has cracked and almost broken down under this pernicious doctrine, and isn't it queer that we should accept it so willingly at a time when such emphasis is put upon agreeableness, popularity and charm? We work ourselves into nervous breakdowns trying to make a hit with every Tom, Dick and Harry we meet, but the woman who is friendly with her mother-in-law is regarded as an eccentric or a superbeing, fit for a martyr’s crown. Now it seems to me that agree- | ableness, like charity, should begin | at home. I wouldn't give 2 cents for | | the sort that doesn’t function there. When adults say they dislike to as-| sociate with their own relatives or | the in-laws I instantly suspect them of a bad disposition, for the plaint certainly carries all the earmarks of an alibi, %

Jasper—By Frank Owen

offered which bears out a| H EE

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tL Copr. 1938 by United Feature Syndicate, Ine

"Hey, Jasper—come out of there! Papa'li help you with your

fencing lessons!"

Our Town

By Anton Scherrer

From Irvington Comes Support in Crusade Against Removing Hats In Elevators Laden With Ladies.

T really looks as if I'm going to get somewhere with my crusade against men tak ing off their hats in lady-laden elevators. To be sure, I haven't heard from the women yet, but the men are doing more than their part. First to come (by special delivery, if you please) was a letter from Irvington. Listen: “If I had the outlet for my innermost thoughts that you have, my column and yours would both have carried the same thought about the wearing of hats in elevators, I would probably accuse you of plagiarism. but it would probably just be a coincidence showing that great minds think of the same drivel. In any event I have witnesses to prove that I remarked about the taking off of hats on stairways the morning of the day that your column came out. “This matter has interested me for some time. You went after it from architectural and scientific angles, but I have put to use the lessons I have taken, I'm on lesson four of ‘How to Be a Detective,’ and made a thorough investigation. “Certain messenger boys must take their hats off in elevators. Several days ago we called = boy, and they sent a pretty small fellow. We had two large packages for him that took his whole strength to carry, but he walked down the stairs (two flights) because his arms were full, and he couldn’t take off his cap if he rode the elevator. “After a thorcugh study of the matter, IT have come to the conclusion that the male of the species is divided into two classes—those that take off their hats, and those that do not. The men who take off their hats in elevators are men who are self-conscious in the presence of women, and these men beat their wives, call girls ‘dates’ or ‘dames’ and their wife ‘the old lady,’ cuss in front of their secretary, read the Saturday Evening Post and your column. The men who leave their hats on in elevators are home= loving, nice to young ladies, call their wife by her first name, read the New Yorker, Better Homes and Gardens and your column,

Cites Streetcar Problem

“The taking off of a hat in the elevator is older than chivalry. It is comparable to the audience stand= ing when the Hallelujah Chorus is sung because some English king thought the words ‘King of Kings’ ree ferred to him; and was so elated he stood up. In & like manner when the first elevator was run, the men took off their hats in silent prayer for a safe landing, but in these days when architects are intelligent and write columns, the prayer is no longer needed. “I do not think you covered the subject as minutely as you might, and I ask that you go into it further real soon. You might spend some thought on why men should stand in streetcars. It is com= plimentary to an older lady not to stand, and young ones can take it. To commit myself, I am for

standing. “If you've read this far you're tired. G’bye. “Yours, “Ernst Heberlein.”

Jane Jordan—

Fiance's Attitude of Mistrust May Be Merely Fear of Marriage

EAR JANE JORDAN-I am 20 years old and in love with a man of 29. We have been engaged for five months, but he thinks he is too old for me and cannot trust me. He was sick two months ago and I realized then how much we meant to each other; that life would be very unhappy without him. I felt that I could not go on without him as he is the first man I have really loved. I am very jealous of him and think of him so much when we are apart, We see

each other often and I am sure he loves me enough to marry me, but he has that doubt in his mind about trusting me. I know I can be true to him as I love him with all my heart and I hope that I can make him believe in me and not mistrust me. Give me some suggestions. ANXIOUS,

Mr. Scherrer

” ” ” Answer—Did it ever occur to you that the man’s attitude may merely be a defense against marriage— something he has invented to convince himself that he ought not to be tied down? Like many men he may be afraid of marriage while desiring it very much at the same time, It is hard to say exactly what pro= duces this fear in each case. With some it is the fear of the unknown, the reluctance to experience change. . With others it is financial uneasiness, doubt of one’s ability. to be content with one woman, or just ree luctance to surrender the boon of freedom. Whatever it is, we find many men struggling with anxiety over their approaching marriages. Such feelings are seldom clear to the person who experiences them. They are apt to look outside them selves for the origin of their doubts, often finding it a comfort to place the blame on the partner. I cane not but suspect your fiance of this little trick. Pere haps it isn’t you whom he mistrusts so much as him= self. At least you give me no reason to believe that there is any real reason for him to doubt your ca= pacity for fidelity, and so far as I know you have given him ncne. In vour place I simply wouldn't try to inspire trust in a man who cannot be reached by the normal methe ods of loving devotion and trustworthy behavior. You can’t spend your life trying to convince a Doubting Thomas of your integrity. His doubts give him a sort of power over you which he isn’t entitled to enjoy by this unhappy method. But how well his technique works! Here you are devoting every ounce of your energy to sell a man on the idea that you are worthy to be a wife to him. Who is the aggressor in this courtsaip, you or he? In general, people accept you at your own esti= mate of yourself. I believe you need to raise your estimate of your own worth. If you are certain of your value you won't waste time trying to placate a young man bent upon doubting it. Let him worry about his own worthiness for a while. JANE JORDAN.

Put your problems in a letter to Jane Jordan, who will answer your questions in this column daily.

HEARD IN CONGRESS—

Senator Connally (D. Tex.): The Senator from Mise souri (Mr. Clark), who is one of the bitterest pro= ponents of this (antilynching) bill, and who stays up nights trying to find out some little parliamentary quirk or quip for use in case he finds somebody dis cussing something that is really distasteful to him in his heart. Senator Clark (D. Mo.): I call the Senator from Texas to order, on the ground that he is not discussing the point of order, but is simply indulging in debate on the bill. Senator Connally: I shall not say anything further, because I have served my purpose. (Laughter), I have touched the most sensitive point of the Senator from Missouri.

Senator Clark: Mr. President, I again call the Sene

ator ffpm Texas to order.