Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 3 November 1937 — Page 11

. Vagabond

From Indiana— Ernie Pyle

North Platte Relief Rolls Filled With Persons of Inferior Ability; As Jobs Open Up Others Get Them.

ORTH PLATTE, Neb., Nov. 3.—With relief and employment officials, I sat down and tried to analyze the movement of men back into jobs in North Platte during the last two years. As I've said before—the existence of North Platte depends largely on farming and working on the Union Pacific Railroad. The railroad, direct part

dictable. And anyhow, few road men go on relief.

laid-off railThey either

save enough to tide them over, or

them credit, have their

merchants give they'll soon

else knowing jobs back. railroad in the movement back to jobs. There is no way to find out exactly how many men back to work in Lincoln County. The re-employment office records can't paint any definite picture. For a, man’s card may show that he has had a dozen jobs in the last year permanent. The office has placed 4500 men on Government work in the last two years—big dam projects and such things—but you can hardly call that taking a man off relief. In private industry, the re-employment here averages 15 placements a week. Peaks of private employment occurred in July, 1936, November, 1936, and again in January, 1937. The placements during 1937 have been running about 10 per cent higher than last year. But a significant fact is this—less than 20 per cent of the placements are made from the relief rolls, despite a definite policy of using a reliefer every time one can fill the bill. The catch is, you see, that employers don't want men from the relief rolls. Because from 80 to 90 per cent of them can’t do the job.

Employers Prefer Applicants It is the large reservoir of men who are still out of work. but not on relief, who do the sidewalk pounding and doorbell ringing trying to get whatever jobs there are. It is from this class that most of the jobs reopened in the last two years have been filled. And it is this class which is today doing even the “oddjob” stuff which the muscle men handled in 1927. They eet the work because they go out and look for it. and because an employer would rather have them. One official told me that 90 per cent of those on relief have nothing whatever to offer to the world except muscle. They have neither high intelligence, nor dependability, nor skill of any kind, nor even much of the commodity known as character. We had them before the depression. So, you ask, why can’t they live again as they lived in 1926, without bothering us? is a dwindling one, and even that is being taken over by the next stratum above them. There's nobody they know to lean on, except the Government. They are a growing clan. They increase, and the only way they have of making*a living—with their muscles—is decreasing.

My Diary

By Mrs. Eleanor Roosevelt

Trying to Elect Republican Hyde

YDE PARK, Tuesday.—Election day is always an exciting day with us. The fact that our chief interest this year is in local candidates makes it all the more exciting, for it 1s hard to elect Democrats in this district to local offices and therefore the element of real struggle enters into the campaign. I have

Mr. Pyle

office

always felt that for vote should be more a question of the man than one of party allegiance. When you have a good man running of your own party, however, it certainly is more fun trying to win votes in a district which is normally on the opposite side of the political fence. A young Democrat was elected supervisor here last time and I think has made an exceptional record. I know he impressed me very much when I heard him speak one night, not because of his oratory, for he is a very shy young man, but because he told me so many things about local government which I had never known before, and point-

ed out so much that could be done.

Drive in Open Car I can imagine that in big cities all over the coun-

try, especially in New York City, the tide of excite- | rent will run high, but I think that our own local |

elections create just as much interest in this neighborhood, and that is as it should be. It is a beautiful day. As it is the last full day we will have in the country for some time, I am very pleased to be able to enjoy it out of doors. It has become milder and the air is soft. When I was a child we would have said that weather like this in early November was Indian Summer, but lately people seem to think that Indian Summer comes earlier. Some one who knew about trees, looked thoughtfully across our big field and casually mentioned that the way the oak trees grew established the fact that those fields had been cultivated by the Indians. I Lave felt there were many interesting facts which I had accepted all my life without in the least understanding them!

New Books Today

Public Library Presents—

LONG with the story American thought, politics, social structure, and literature, has gone THE SAGA OF AMERICAN SOCIETY (Scribner) which has in turn awed, delighted, disgusted, and amused a public too plebeian to have a seat at the feast. Dixon Wecter, rugged New Englanders, the patroons, and expansive Southern planters,

conditions offered an incongruous background to social pretensions. His narrative includes the struggle between aristocracy and the newly rich, the place of

the gentleman's clubs in social annals, the yearning |

of the American woman for a foreign title. On the whole a solid and substantial book, this volume is enlivened by the many amusing and surprising anecdotes which embellish the history of Society and by the plentiful reproduction of cartoons

and illustrations which reflect the attitude toward

the social drama enacted before it. =" » =

Ks opsb by the indefatigable and philosophic Mr. Ilya IIf and Eugene | Petrov toured the length and breadth of the United | States—which they call LITTLE GOLDEN AMERICA |

Adams and his Becky,

(Farrar & Rinehart).

Good humored, insatiably curious, in turn admir-

ing and scornful of the America which they saw, these two Russians during their two months’ stay in the country apparently missed nothing. Hollywood, the Indians, hot dog stands, superservice gasoline stations, tourist camps, restaurant food, the

movies, Coca-Cola, Aimee Semple McPherson, hitch- | capitalists, | artists—all furnish material for their nimble and |

hikers, farmers, businessmen, radicals, clever pens. We may be sure that they enjoyed writing this book, and that the Russians as well as ourselves, enjoy reading it. Perhaps only when we have finished it and lay the volume aside do we realize how sharp a thrust at American life is cloaked by their hilarity.

relief officials say, does not play a |

in the relief problem. | The railroad’s layoffs and pickups | are more or less seasonal and pre- |

So we won't count the |

have gone |

The office never knows when a job is |

Because the realm of odd-jobbing | | sense.

Democrats in| Park Exciting. |

local offices in a | small place, where everybody Knows everyone else, the

"The Indianapolis Times

'

WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 38, 1937

at Postoffice,

Scientists Study the Quintuplets

Almost Identical in Looks, Five Little Girls Differ Much in Personality

By Bruce Catton

(Copyright, 1937, NEA Service. Inc.) ORONTO, Ont., Nov. 3. —The Dionne quintuplets may look as much alike as five peas out of the same pod, but their personalities are already as different as five personalities can be. They have the same heredity and they have been growing up in the same environment—but the result is five utterly distinct little girls who are already setting the patterns for widely divergent character traits. If you wanted to characterize the girls briefly, you would do it about like this: Yvonne is the motherly (ype, five. Annette is the social climber. Emilie is the happy-go-lucky member of the crowd, willing to give and take on a 50-50 basis. She is also the most self-suffi-cient.

Cecile is the unknown quantity. Marie is the baby of the family.

HESE are not mere casual ohservations, but the settled conclusions of science. They are expressed in a paper on the quints’ social development written by Dr. W. E. Blatz, D. A. Millichamp and M. Charles, after these psychologists had spent two years observing the quints. During those two years the psychologists scrutinized the quints methodically to see just what their social relations with each other were. The way such an investigation is carried on looks like hocuspocus, at first glance, but when you strip it of its solemn verbiage it turns out to be plain common

For instance, suppose that a study is being made of you and me. I offer you a cigaret; the psychologist notes that I have made an “initiated-to” contact. If you turn away and pay no attention, it's no dice; but if you take it, you are credited with a "response-to” contact, and if you say, “Thank you, old-timer,” I am credited with a “from” contact. See? ” Ww Ww

To was the way the psychologists worked with the quints. Sometimes they would isolate two sisters in a play pen and make a note of every contact between the two; sometimes they turned all five loose together and sat there, solemnly, pencil in hand, tc write down what happened. Here is a sample from their record:

“Annette runs and pushes Cecile, who apparently ignores this overture.” (Scored as a contact between the two, initiated by Annette.) “Then Annette pushes Yvonne, who pushes back in retaliation.” (Recorded as a contact between Annette and Yvonne, initiated by Annette and responded to by Yvonne.) “Then Annette pulls off Yvonne's hair ribbon, causing Yvonne to cry, whereupon Annette hands back the ribbon which causes Yvonne to stop crying and look at it.” (Annette is credited

with one “initiated-to” contact and one “response-to” contact; Yvonne gets credit for two ‘“re-sponse-to” contacts.) From all of this the psychologist makes up a box score, thus: Annette: four ‘“to-contacts” (three initiated, one response): three “from” contacts (all responses). Cecile: one “from” contact (from Annette). Yvonne: three “to” contacts (responses—to Annette); three “from” contacts (from Annette). Which leaves Annette, for the moment, leading the league. n = o LL of this inay look just a little odd, to the layman; but when such methodical records are kept over a period of two years,

the most mature socially of the -

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Emilie, the happy-go-lucky quintuplet who do

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esn’t

mind playing by herself, is all set to have a one-girl tea

party.

—

Si (Copyright, 1937, NEA Service, Inc.)

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Undaunted, Annette takes a seat and gives one to her

dolly. a drink.

and are duly tabulated and interpreted, you do get an accurate picture of personality growth and development such as could be obtained in no other way. The psychologists showed, for instance, that Emilie has about an equal number of “to” and “from” contacts; that is, she receives the overtures of her sisters just about as often as she makes overtures to them. Annette and Marie, on the other hand, have considerably more “to” contacts than “from” contacts— which is to say that they make overtures to their sisters oftener than their sisters make overtures to them. Cecile and Yvonne, however, have more “from” contacts than “to” contacts; that is, their sisters come to see them oftener than they go to see their sisters. All of which means just about what you would suppose it means. Emilie goes along on a 50-50 basis, Annette and Marie are socially aggressive, and Cecile and Yvonne are the ones sought out by the others. But there same line,

is more along the

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VONNE initiates relatively the fewest “to” contacts of any of the sisters, but responds more often to the overtures they make. That is just another way of saying that Yvonne is more socially mature; she remains on the outside of things, never thrusting herself forward, but is always ready to respond to any advance made by the others. Furthermore, all four of the children respond eagerly to Yvonne when she makes overtures. When Marie or Cecile try to start something, however, only Yvonne and Annette show much interest. Emilie does not respond to any of the others with the interest she shows toward Yvonne. This boils down to the fact that Yvonne is the most sought-after of the entire group—and Marie the least. Annette makes a great many efforts to interest her sisters in herself and her own concerns, but gets much less attention than Yvonne gets. Emilie, on the other hand, goes

Side Glances—By Clark

of the development of |

eginning his chronicle with the comfortable Dutch | gives | here a “record of social aspiration, 1607-1937.” in a | new land where, to begin with, there was little class | distinction among people, and where almost primitive |

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"It seems to me he has had plenty of time to begin looking like an airedale."

Emilie goes right ahead and gives her own doll

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RAINS ISIS S BOSONS DBA BASSAS 4

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Comes now Annette, the “social climber,” to crash

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She draws up a chair, but Emilie pays no

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But Annette wants to be in the party as well as at it. So she reaches way across the table to give Emilie

a cup of tea.

ANNETTE CECILE

EMILIE

MARIE YVONNE

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30 Copyright,

This chart shows how the psychologists tabulated the quints’ social efforts. The black lines show the number of social contacts directed by each girl to her four sisters, and the number received by her from her sisters. Within each age grouping, the space marked “to” shows the overtures each girl made to each of the others; the space marked “from” records the overtures she received

from each of the others.

Note how much more active

socially Annette and Cecile are than Emilie and Marie.

her own gait. Like Mr. Kipling's cat, she is willing to walk by herself. She has a way of strolling off in a yard or garden alone, picking up little pebbles and bits of grass—which, later on, she is quite apt to transfer to the pocket of one of the investigating psy-

A WOMAN'S VIEW By Mrs. Walter Ferguson

ART of the unfinished business | of every woman's club is train- | ing its members to a sense of indi- | Too many |

vidual responsibility. women are content to leave all the activity to a few leaders.

Nowdays, and in two many in-

stances, club meetings are just ex- |

cuses for us to leave home. It is less delightful when our turn comes to serve on an important committee or prepare a part of the program. At this point many clubwomen show of what poor maternal they are made. They turn out to be noisy drones instead of willing workers. Often they are carried along for their dues, not realizing that unless a person puts something more than cash into an organization she can’t expect to get even her money's worth out of it. It seems to me a large part of our club work will have to be put down as wasted effort unless we can somehow build into the minds of our members a feeling of personal responsibility for the success of the

whole enterprise.

It is often said in ridicule that the housewife who spends a great deal of time in club work is sure to neglect her home and children. Yet observation proves the contrary. Clubwomen who really work at the jobs which are.assigned them are nearly always the type who aiso keep up best with their domeslic duties. They start nothing in a

half-hearted, slipshod mannef, and whatever they turn their attention

to they do well.

i

chologists, who usually discovers it only after returning to Toronto. It is Emilie, too, who has the individual way of waving her hand to say “Goodby.” The others give a daintily formal little wave; Emilie flips her hand outward «<n a gay, “Hi there!” manner,

NYONE who has observed small children knows that they spend a good part of their time together simply in watching each other. The psychologists made careful notes on the way the quints watched each other, and came up with some interesting discoveries. Annette, for instance, is the one the other girls watch the most often. They watch her far more than she watches any of them. Little Marie does more watching than any of the others do—and gets watched the least. All of this is interesting to the general public, but it has been even more interesting to the psychologists. For here are five children who, from the circums= stances of their birth and rearing, might be expected to be very much alike; yet the outstanding fact about them, as revealed by this psychological study, is that they are so different. “One thing is certain,” says Dr. Blatz’s report, “and that is that these children do not fit into a similar mold of personality development, and that the variation manifested at this age is showing signs of wider divergence.”

ASKS CITIZENSHIP

ASHINGTON, Nov. 3 (U. P.). -—A ruling that native Americans cannot be deprived of their citizenship™no matter what the nationality of their parents was handed down here by U. S. District Court Judge Jennings Bailey, The ruling, according to State Department officials, has created an international problem and will be appealed to the highest court. The ruling was made in a suit brought by Marie Elizabeth Elg, 30, New York City, who sought a judgment declaring her an American citizen. Miss Elg was born in New York in 1907 of naturalized Swedish parents. On returning to Sweden in 1911 both Miss Elg and her mother were declared under Swedish law and a Swedish-American treaty. to be repatriated citizens.

Jasper—By Frank Owen

by United Featu;

pd

"You not only want 100 per cent in arithmetic, but a nickel for the

apple, too!"

Entered as Second-Class Matter Indianapolis, Ind.

Second Section

PAGE 11

Liberal View

By Dr. Harry Elmer Barnes

British Diplomacy Given Blame For Possible Defeat of Spanish Democracy by Fascist Armies. (Substituting for Anton Scherrer)

EW YORK, Nov. 3.—The near collapse of the Spanish revolution and the gains of the Spanish Fascists are one of the worst blots on the history of European diplomacy. And for this situation the British diplomats

of the last five years are chiefly responsible. This verdict need not imply taking any sides in the Spanish civil war. It is dictated by considerations of elementary fairness, Spain was given no chance for self-determination. Liberal and intelligent British

citizens, even many British conservatives, feel keenly the shame of their country and its policy. This is well expressed by the distinguished British publicist, Kingsley Martin, in his article, “Is the British Empire in Retreat?” in the Yale Review “Britain is passing through a humiliating period — hurgjliating to people like me because it has included the betrayal of Spanish democracy, the League of Nations, and ultimately, I believe, the cause of peace—and humiliating also to many of the more responsible and less class-conscious Conservatives, who, though they say little, are, nevertheless, profoundly uncomfortable when the popular Tory press whoops with pleasure because Britain retreats before aggressors who openly scoff at every obligation of ine ternational law.” It has been generally held that Britain has only very reluctantly but helplessly witnessed the decline of her prestige as a result of continued retreat before the bluffing of Mussolini, Mr, Martin rejects any such interpretation,

Pacifism Called Self-Interest

Britain has not been perfectly prepared for a major war, but she was well enough prepared so that she would have fought without hesitation if the empire had heen directly attacked. Moreover, the Tory Gove ernment does not feel very keenly the loss of prestige at the hands of a Fascist government. If Russia had been doing the bluffing Britain would have stiffened her back instantly. Mr. Martin believes that the amazing British diplomacy of the last few years has been the product of cold-blooded and calculating self interest on the part of the Tory Government which represents conservative British capitalists. “The apparent pacifism of the British Government is not primarily due to cowardice or humanitarianism or to a realization of the futility and horror of war, but rather to an appreciation of the fact that British capitalism has nothing to gain and everything to lose from war.” Mr. Martin does not believe that the moral disgrace of Britain is likely to promote peace. The longer war is delayed the better prepared Britain will be. As she gets better prepared even Tory diplomats will be less inclined to make humiliating concessions. But at the same time the bluffing dictators are likely to grow even more arrogant and probably more desperate. The shameful British diplomacy of the last few years may have the ultimate result of making war inevitable.

Jane Jordan—

Jealousy of Past Is a Difficult

Obstacle to Married Happiness.

EAR JANE JORDAN-—I am in a most distressing situation. Some time ago I met a young man with whom I became infatuated. A brief courtship ensued during which our fervent love matured. But I was soon forgotten. Since that time I have fallen in love with an attractive young law student who proposed marriage. A few days ago he learned of the former affair. Now he refuses to see me. I truly love this boy and I would go to extremes to win him back. Please help me if you om, . 8.

Dr. Barnes

ANSWER-—I think it would be a mistake for you to try to win him back. You should have met his accusations with dignity, candor and without cring= ing. If his sensibilities were too deeply wounded, you should release him from his engagement without pleading for forgiveness. It takes strength of character to live down one’s mistakes without being crushed by a load of guilt but it elicits admiration from those who otherwise would delight in righteous condemnation, Men who have been brought up to idealize women, to regard them as pure, fragile creatures are painfully shocked to find them human after all. If the young man cannot, of his own accord, find qualities in you which compensate for the mistakes you have made, let him go, for life with him would be a misery to you both. Of all the jealousies, jealousy of the past is the most baffling, for there is nothing vne can do about it. There is n® rearrangement possible which will remove the offending deed or wipe out the incident which gives offense. A man obsessed with jealousy of his wife's past is an impossible companion. If the young man cannot adjust himself to the realities of your life, give him up, for to hang on is to court the keenest disappointment.

” » ”

Dear Jane Jordan—My husband has sued me for divorce. I love him very much. He has never been true to me but I have thought he would change some time. I have seen him with another girl he says he loves. He says I can’t keep them apart. Would it do any good for me to talk to her? I know her well. I think it looks bad for a girl to go with a married man. I would do anything to win my husband away from her but I never see him and do not

know what to do. HEARTBROKEN.

ANSWER—There is nothing for you to do but let go. A well-balanced, sensible person will not cling to a situation which holds no further promise of hapepiness. Anything you would do now, such as pleading with the other woman, only puts you at a disade vantage. If your husband has no grounds for divorce you are entirely justified in defending yourself. You do not have to put up with false accusations and should not permit yourself to be defamed unjustly. But don’t beg for his love; it is useless. JANE JORDAN,

Put your problems in a letter to Jane Jordan who will answer your questions in this column daily.

Walter O'Keefe—

ELL, the elections are over! Of course, the bars were closed all day and that made thousands homeless. Late last night charitably-minded folk were sende ing out St. Bernard dogs with flasks of brandy to succor the stricken candidates. Those Democratic fresnmen who were elected to Congress will now start preparing for their legislative careers. They're not going to read law-books. They'll study up on etiquette so that they'll know how to behave at those “harmony banquets.” The finish of the campaign is a boon to radio comedians. They were pretty worried there for a while, facing the stiff competition of the politicians at the microphone. In New York fiery Fiorello La Guardia went in

. by almost as big a vote as his old opponent, Hitler,