Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 2 November 1937 — Page 1
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The Indianapolis Times
FORECAST—Fair tonight and tomorrow; colder tonight with freezing temperatures; continued cold tomorrow.
VOLUME 49—NUMBER 202
U. S. LABOR FORCED
TEST STRENGTH IN OFF-YEAR’S POLLN
C.1.O.and A. F. of L.
Vigorous Opponents in
Detroit, but Consolidate Power in Elections at Akron and Canton, O.
TAMMANY FUTURE AT STAKE IN N. Y.|
New Jersey and Virginia Ballot on Governors; Harlan County Under Martial
Law: Roosevelt
Votes at Home.
By United Press
Significant off-year electi ganized labor's strength as an
ons present a test today of orindependent force at the polis.
Labor sought to win control of the city governments of
Detroit, Akron and Canton, O., and Duquesne and Clairton, | Pa., and played an important part in scores of other contests, |
The Committee for Industrial Organization and Ameri-
can Federation of Labor were
but fought side by side in Akn The American Labor Party, ¢
C. 1. O. dominated, hoped to poll 750,000 votes for the reelection of Mayor F. H. La Guardia in New York City, where the future of Tammany Hall was at stake. Chief interest in labor's campaign was centered in Detroit, where, for the first time, a candidate backed by the C. I. O. ran for Mayor against a candidate backed by the A. F. of L. The C. 1. O. supported Patrick O'Brien, former Attorney General of Michigan, while the A. F. of L. sponsored Richard W. Reading, city clerk. The C. I. O. also had a slate of candidates for the Detroit City Council. In Akron, Municipal Judge G. L. Patterson, Democrat, had the support of both labor organizations against Mayor Lee D. Schroy, and in Canton the labor groups backed Darrell D. Smith, Democrat, against Mayor James Seccombe, The C. I. O. was on its own in Duquesne and Clairton, Pa, and was active in other elections in the centers of the steel industry. New Jersey and Virginia elect Governors, are being filled —three in New York State, and one in Virginia. In Boston, the veteran campaigner James M. Curley, former Governor
of Massachusetts and former Mayor |
of Boston, tried a political come-
back in the mayoralty election. He | S. Senate |
the U Cabot Lodge,
was defeated for last year by Henry Republican. Jasper McLevy, New England's only Socialist Mayor, is seeking a third term in Bridgeport, Conn. Mr. Roosevelt voted the straight Democratic ticket at N. Y., his home. Altogether there are elections of various kinds in 15 states. Cleveland and Pittsburgh are among the large cities electing Mayors, but those contests have only local significance.
Split in Union Ranks May Stunt Power
Times Special WASHINGTON, Nov. 2—Labor's battalions of men and women, organized on a precinct basis, are marching to the polls today in a number of cities, notably New York and Detroit. Labor felt its oats a year ago. It turned out Roosevelt electoral total. It learned the power of political cohesiveness, And now it takes the second step. Its effective organization in various cities, from the precincts up, is not only aimed at getting labor what it wants within the framework of old political organizations, but it may lead eventually to the creation of a labor party. Labor's Nonpartisan League,
the
national political organization cre- | tion of Fireman Maurice Cahill, En- | taxpayer is being heard in Wash-
ated under C. I. O. auspices, provided the machinery for labor's participation in the Roosevelt victory. It has also been active in the local campaigns leading up to today's elections. The C. I. O.-A. F. of L. split is manifest in today's balloting—an omen to labor that continued warfare may stunt the growth of its political power. In Detroit and Pittsburgh, for instance, A. F'. of L. leadership is lined up against candidates supported by the C. I. O.
All N. Y. Police Ordered te Duty
NEW YORK, Nov.
oughs and thousands of private (Turn to Page Three)
TIMES FEATURES ON INSIDE PAGES
Bob Burns ... 3] Merry-Go-R'd 12 BOOKS «..uvve 11 | Movies ....... 6] Broun ....... 12 Mrs. Ferguson 11 Comics ...... 18 | Mrs. Roosevelt 11 Crossword ... 17 Music “1 Curious World 19 Obituaries ... 16 Editorials .... 12 | Pegler ....... 12 Financial .... 13 [Pyle ......... 11 Fishbein ..... 18 | Questions ... 18 Fivnh ....+-+ 13 Radio ....... 19 Food ....... . 9 Serial Story . 18 FOrum «..... 12 | Short Story . 18 Grin, Bear It. 18 | Society ...... 8 In Indpls .... 3 Sports ....... 4 Jane Jordan.. 11 State Deaths. 16
Johnson ..... 12| Wiggam ..... 19
Four congressional seats |
Hyde Park, !
2 (U. P)—| : Every policeman in the five bor- | Were lacking as the deadline was | forced him to cancel his departure
vigorous opponents in Detroit, |
on and Canton.
Rian
EIGHT GROUPS PROTEST LEVIES
Attack Proposed County Unit Rates Before State Board.
| | Representatives of eight organizations filed objections to proposed
1938 tax levies of Marion County
units at the opening of the State!
| Tax Board's budget hearings in the | State House today. The proposed 1938 rate for In- | dianapolis-Center Township area, | as fixed by the Marion County Tax Board, is $3.20 as compared with $2.98 this year. Statements, protesting the levies, were made by William H. Book. Chamber of Commerce secretary; Frank E. Gales, of the Indianapo- | is Real Estate Board; Murray H Morris, Indianapolis Merchants Association; J. A. Dawson, Apartment Owners Association; Henry Solomon, Furniture Association; George Kuhn, Indianapolis Building Owners and Managers Association; Irving Lemaux and Obie J. Smith, | of the Board of Trade.
Harry Miesse, Taxpayers Association secretary, in the opening statement, declared Marion County taxes are “entirely too high.” “The people I'm interested in are the small home owners. I want to
join in urging that the tax limita- |
tion law be followed.” The property tax limitation law as amended by the 1937 Legislature orovides a rate limit of $1.25 in rural areas. and $2 for urban areas, exclusive of welfare costs and bond aebt retirement costs. | The board was told that if the | Indianapolis budgets would be kept | within the limits, the Center Town- | ship rate would be $2.87. | Mr. Book told the board that | “business can't stand the tax in- | crease” and urged that steps be taken to keep the rates within the limits.
VETERAN POLICEMAN RETIRED ON PENSION
in droves to swell the |
Retirement of Patrolman John Pierson, Indianapolis Police De- | partment member for 22 vears, was {approved by the Safety Board to-
day. Mr. Pierson is eligible for | pension, Patrolman Charles Rareon was
| retired by the Board for physical | disabilities. He was a department | member nine years. | The Board accepted the resigna-
| gine House No. 5. He had been a department member eight years. | The deadline for receiving appli- | cations for the firemen's merit | school has been set for Monday.
TAX COLLECTIONS UP ABOUT $400,000
Unofficial totals today had put | Marion County tax payments about $400,000 above that for last fall. as Frank McKinney, County Treasurer, reported that yesterday was the
[shy years. The usual long lines and crowds
reached at S p.m. M™
| quietest last tax paying day in
C. OF C. URGES
i { |
MODIFICATION * OF PROFIT TAX
Endangers Recovery, Harms | Small Business, Says | George Olive. |
{
|
‘SENATORS’ AID SOUGHT
Ludlow Reveals Demand in| Capital for Economy In Government.
(Editorial, Page 12)
The Indianapolis Chamber of Commerce today prepared to muster its strength to fight for repeal or modification of the undistributed profits tax |law at the special session of
Congress this month. | As the chamber announced its op- | position to the levy as “detrimental | to small business and endangering recovery,” Rep. Louis Ludlow (D. Indianapolis) declared here that “there is demand In Washington for governmental economy and & balanced budget by next year.” While George S. Olive, Indianapo- | lis Chamber president, issued a statement deploring the tax collection, it was revealed that he already | has made representations to In- | diana’s Congressmen and Senators | asking for relief from the law passed | last year. Meanwhile, chamber officials were | trying to get some estimate on the amount of undistributed profits | taxes Indianapolis business con- | cerns have paid since the law be- | came effective.
Can't Build Reserves, Claim
Mr. Olive, in his statement, declared that "business in this community cannot, under the law, build up necessary reserve to put into increased capital and plant equipment.” He urged that the “business man be permitted to re-establish his own judgment as to what portion | of the corporation's earnings should | be retained.” | The text of Mr. Olive's statement follows: { “The Times is to be commended | for its editorial expression on Nov. | 1 with reference to the Federal un- | distributed profits tax law. | “Most of the corporations of this | business community are compara- | tively small and represent the | combined capital, brains and work | of the Kind of business men who have enabled this country to take a | leading position in the industrial development of the entire world.
“Should Be Repealed”
“As these corporations build themselves up by earnings, they must of necessity face the need for | Increased investment in fixed capital or in working capital, increased plant and equipment or increased accounts receivable and inventories, “Most small businesses are unable to go to their stockholders, to bankers or the investing public for these needed funds and until the imposition of the undistributed profits tax, were able to acquire them from their earnings, keeping in the business from 40 to 60 per cent of the total earnings for this purpose, or to build a backlog against business adversity. “This law makes it possible to retain only a part of such earnings {and that at a very severe penalty. “It should be repealed and the business man permitted to reestablish his own judgment as to what portion of the corporation's earnings should be retained in place |of the Government's forcing him { Oy this uneconomic law to pay out | | the earnings or to be penalized by | the tax.” | Here Before Session {| Rep. Ludlow, returning from
| Washington for 10 days before the | special session, said that “Cry of the
| ‘ngton. The entire nation is | awakening to the fact that the emer{gency is over and that to continue [to pour out money to prime the pump when the pump does not need priming, just wouldn't make sense.” He added that if the cutting in {appropriations is deep enough it will not be necessary to levy additional taxes to balance the budget in 1939.
————
GANDHI 1S |
IMPROVED
CALCUTTA, India, Nov. 2 (U. P)).
—Mahatma Gandi was reported to! be improved today after he had | been taken ill last night. An]
| abnormal rise in his blood pressure
| from Calcutta and go to bed.
Alleged Club Manager
Arrested in Hotel Here
| Joseph Jacobson, 42, alleged manager of the Plantation Supper Club, was arrested in a downtown hotel today by Chief Deputy Sheriff | Henry Mueller on a Hancock County Grand Jury indictment chacging nim with keeping a gambling house. Jacobson was one of 16 persons, some of whom were reported to live in Indianapolis, who were named in | indictments returned in Greenfield | Saturday.
| The prisoner was taken to Green-
field immediately after his arrest on | the orders of Circuit Judge John’
$<
B. Hinchman who started the grand | jury investigation into “wide opea“ | gambling in Hancock County Sept. | 22. The Plantation Club is located | on Highway 67 in Hancock County. | After the investigation was or- | dered, Jacobson said: “You can see for yourself there is no gambling | here.” Since the investigation was start- | ed, the Plantation Club has been “closed for repairs.” Chief Deputy Mueller said the warrant for Jacobson's arrest was the only one he received today.
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TUESDAY, NOVEMBER 2, 1937
Good- Natured
Just a week before his former wife, the Duchess of Windsor, is scheduled to sail for America, Ernest Simpson steals the spotlight
with his unexpected arrival in New York from England. Goodnatured even when reporters upset his plans for avoiding publicity, he insisted he is here only to see his mother and on business.
BRITISH ENVOY T0 HONOR DUKE
Embassy Dinner Scheduled
For Nov. 12, Social Secretary Says.
WASHINGTON, Nov. 2 (U. P).— British Ambassador Ronald Lindsay and Lady Lindsay will entertain the Duke and Duchess of Windsor at an embassy dinner the evening of Nov. 12, the Embassy announced today. The announcement was the first definite report as to the date when the Duke and Duchess will be in Washington, although it was learned vesterday that President Roosevelt plans to entertain them at a luncheon about the same time. The distinguished British visitors will come to Washington almost immediately after landing at New York according to this arrangement. They are due in New York on the Bremen Nov, 11,
No Details Given
The dinner announcement was made through the office of the Ems bassy social secretary. No details were given but it is understood that the dinner will be of official nature, in recognition of the Duke's position as brother of King George VI
Sir Ronald and his staff will assist in arranging any White House entertainment for the Duke in accordance with diplomatic practice and will render any other assistance here which the Duke might need.
NEW YORK, Nov. 2 (U. P).— The Duke and Duchess of Windsor will attend their first social function in the United States at the home of Mr. and Mrs. John Ridgely III of Baltimore, it was reported today.
FORECASTS COOLER WEATHER TONIGHT
Clear Skies Will Continue; Mercury Reaches 75.
TEMPERATURES
6 a.m 48 10am 49 7 a.m 44 lam... 3H Sam... 17 12 (Noon). 53 Sam... 48 1pm... 51
Some snappiness came back inlc Indianapolis weather today, although temperatures generally were eight degrees higher than normal
for this time of the year. Colder weather is forecast for tonight and tomorrow by the Weather Bureau.
Fair weather is to continue, the bureau said. In yesterday's heat wave, the
mercury came within two and a half degrees of its all-time record for Nov. 1, reaching 75 degrees at 3 p. m. The 775 degree mark was set in 1933.
GOVERNOR LAFOLLETTE GAINS
COLON, Panama, Nov. 2 (U.P) .— Governor LaFoilette of Wisconsin is ill of “influenza without complications and his condition is improving,” it was announced today at the Colon Hospital.
§
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BUSINESS LAG MAY RUN INTO 38, U.S. TOLD
Recession Possibly Brief One in General Upswing, Bureau Reports.
Textile Mills Operating on Reduced Orders; Auto Prices Higher.
(Merry-Go-Round and Gen. Johnson, Page 12; John T. Flynn, Page 13.)
By MARSHALL M'NEIL Times Special Writer
WASHINGTON, Nov. 2 — The present business recession may run well into 1938, the U. S. Bureau of Agricultural Economics reported today. But this setback, the report indicated, may be merely one of those that characterize a general upswing of the business cycle. The Bureau pointed out that “many of the conditions which in the past have been associated with the termination of a major cyclical upswing in business activity now are absent.” The report, the most comprehensive issued by a Government agency since the downswing started, is the basis for prediction by the Bureau that the prospect is for a less favorable demand for farm products in 1938. The Bureau also said that retail prices probably have not yet reflected all the rise in wholesale prices of manufactured products and in marketing costs. It said indications point to some further increases in retail prices of furniture, furnishings, shoes and fuel, but that the effect on living costs of these increases probably will be offset in part by lower prices for rayon and cotton clothing, meats and other foods. It believes that the rise in rents may continue but at a slower rate than this year. Cycle Swing Described “The general upswing of a business cycle,” the report said, “usually is characterized by relatively short recessions. Business sentiment becomes less optimistic, security prices decline, and businessmen postpone
| extensive commitments for expansion or rehabilitation. “Business appears to have en-
tered such a phase in the latter part of 1937, following the period of decided optimism in the winter of 1036-37. It is difficult to determine how long such recession will continue, the appraisal of general conditions gives some support to the impression based on the situation for individual industries that it will run well into 1938.” Of individual industries, the report said: Textiles—Many textile mills were operating during the summer {1937 largely on advance orders | ceived during the preceding spring, land by the latter part of the year | unfilled orders had been greatly re{duced and there were indications that considerable stocks of both cotton and woolen goods had accumulated in the trade. The lower cotton prices now prevailing will tend to offset part of these unfavorable conditions. Steel Output May Fall
Iron and Steel—An éxamination of the prospects for demand from several industries using steel indicates that production in 1938 will be less than in 1937. Autos — Some slackening in the rate of auto production in 1938 as compared with 1937 may occur. Railroads—The railroads . . . are likely to postpone as far as possible their orders for new equipment. Construction—An expected boom in building activity had been counted upon by many observers to more than offset any slackening of | the Government's support to busi- | ness, but present conditions in the | building industry do not indicate | any large expansion in 1938.
STEEL OUTPUT TO FALL
of | re- |
Entered as Second-Class Matter at Postoffice, Indianapolis, Inu.
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Daniel J. ® & ®
Europe Fears War, Doherty
Says on Return
Short, stocky Daniel J. Doherty, recently elected American Legion national commander, came to his Indianapolis office today after a tour of Europe and said there is “a great deal of apprehension” about war possibilities there. Although Europeans fear war, they don't want it “any more than American do,” Mr, Doherty said. He visited all countries allied with the U. S. in the World War. He declined to comment on his ob-
Arrives at Legion
©
servations in Italy. “The French have a undying gratitude to America,” he | said. War debts were not discussed, he added, since his party was the guest of the French Government, | From his office, Mr. Doherty will guide the Legion's legislative program. It will seek enactment of the Universal Service Bill, he said. Mr. Doherty expects to leave Thursday for an appointment with President Roosevelt. He will return for an adjutants’ conference Nov, 14, 15 and 16, and a triennial national executive committee meeting Nov. 18 and 19.
CHILD BRIDE GIVEN PRISON SENTENCE
GOSHEN, Nov. 2 (U. P.) —Marjorie Messingale, 14-year-old child bride of Sanford C. Messingale, todav haa been fined $1000 and was under sentence of six months in the Indiana Woman's Prison for beating her stepchildren.
feeling of
The husband and father of three | children, the oldest 5, received a |
| similar fine and sentence and Will | conflicting
| serve his term at the State Farm.
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HOME
FINAL
PRIC
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Times Photo,
Doherty
EDEN AND DAVIS OUTLINE PARLEY
Prepare for Opening as China Asks for Peace On 9-Power Pact.
(Another Story, Page 20)
BRUSSELS, Nov. 2 (U, P)~— China will fight Japan to a finish unless the Nine Power conference, convening here tomorrow, establishes a “peace based on principles,” China's chief delegate asserted today. China's representative, Dr. Wel=lington Koo, planned to confer with Norman H. Davis, United States ‘“‘ambassador-at-large” and head of the Washington delegation to the conference.
Mr. Davis then will confer with Anthony Eden, British foreign sec=retary and Britain's chief delegate. Secretary Eden’s assurance in the House of Commons yesterday that Britain would go as far as the United States would in trying to halt the Chinese-Japanese conflict dispelled some of the pessimism prevaiilng among delegates. Eden and Davis conferred more than two hours, seeking to map out a course for the conference. They were understood to have agreed that after public discussion Wednesday and Thursday the conference would appoint a steering committee to work in private, The Tinited States appeared ready to “do its share” in bringing about an armistice provided Britain and the other powers do their share, Dr. Koo emphasized that China would not accept any peace proposal with the Nine-Power (Turn to Page Three)
The story of how James Dolhover and Clarence Lee ShaiTer Jr. were parted from Al Brady after the murder here of Police Sergt. Richard Rivers, and then were allegedly reunited by friends, was told in Federal Court today as five of their alleged acquaintances were sentenced for liquor law violations. | After it was told by Assistant District Attorney Paul Pfister, and the five sentenced, Joseph Franklin Yates and Robert Bennewitz changed their pleas to guilty in a surprise move as the venire of 25 were seated for jury selection, They were charged with having transported $250,000 in gems from Florida to Indiana. Liquor case defendants were Urban Pope, William Ernest Williams, Joseph Pegorin, George Clarence Whitley and Harry E. Guess. They were charged with conspiracy to violate the liquor laws, possession of a still and illegally manufacturing liquor. Judge Robert C. Baltzell, who heard the evidence and convicted | the men, asked if there was any in- | formation that might influence his
| sentence, and Attorney Pfister said he had a statement by Dolhover, purported to have been given to the Federal Bureau of Investigation. | He said it revealed that Dolhover | and Shaffer had been together at the home of Dr. Emmett E. Rose,
Parting and Reunion of Brady and Pals After Rivers’ Killing Told in U. S. Court
2153 Barth Ave., when Sergt. Rivers was wounded fatally and that they escaped in their car believing Brady had been captured. When they stopped at the home of an unnamed friend, the alleged statement quoted Dolhover, they found the car had 75 bullet holes in it and they drove it into the country and burned it. They returned, the purported statement quoted him, to the home of Pope and helped him unload a carload of liquor, after which he drove them to the home of Whitley, in the 8200 block E. Washington St. There, the alleged statement continued, they met Whitley and he told them he had been in touch with Brady. They stayed there that night and the next morning Brady was brought to the home and they were reunited, the alleged statement said. Whitley then drove the three of them to Lynhurst Drive, according to the statement. At this point in the reading of the statement, Whitley said: “It's all a mistake. I was driving with three guns in my back.” But Judge Baltzell said: “I don't believe that. It didn’t take a gun to make you drive.” Judge Baltzell said that although the men were not on trial for any relations they may have had with the Brady gang, the information about their connection was taken
| a day, suspended for five years, and
into consideration in fixing the
punishment for the liquor law violations. He fined Pope $500 and sentenced him to three years in a Federal prison; Williams got $500 and 18
months; Whitley, $500 and two years; Guess, $500 and a year and
Pegorin, $500 and a year and a day, with execution stayed for 90 days | pending a parole investigation, | In the gem case which followed, | Defense Attorney W. Clarke Otte, | Louisville, asked a continuance, | claiming that the attorney who had | prepared the case was in a hospital. | His plea was denied. { He then filed a demurrer to the indictments, charging they were not detailed enough and were unconstitutional. This was overruled. As the veniremen took their seats, At- | torney Otte and the defendants | withdrew for a conference and re= | turned to change their pleas. Attorney Otte won a continuance | until this afternoon to present | “evidence of extenuating circum- | stances.” District Attorney Val Nolan said he would oppose any effort to lighten the sentences. He claimed that they were convicted of robbery and kidnaping in connection with the crime that] vielded the gems, and that they | served but 15 months of a life sentence imposed by a Florida State court when they were paroled.
‘Commons
| Conference at Brussels.
U. S. REFUSES TO JOIN CUBAN PROPOSAL FOR MEDIATION IN: SPAIN
# ®
Action Held to Be Interference With Internal Affairs.
EDEN IS BACKED
Indorses His Colony Stand; Nazis Angered.
WASHINGTON-U. S. Govern» ment rejects proposal of Cuban Government that this nation ase sociate itself with other countries of the American continent to mediate the war in Spain.
LONDON—Britain’'s patience with “certain governments” appears nearing exhaustion as Foreign Secretary Eden rebukes Italy on demands for colonies for Gere many. ROME~II Duce’s favored paper delivers scornful editorial reply to Eden's speech, WASHINGTON—Acting Secretary of State Welles asserts that Eden’s speech was misinterpreted in reports to U, S. He claims that official text does not say that the U. S. took the lead in Nine-Power parley.
WASHINGTON, Nov. 2 (U, P.).—The United States toe day rejected a proposal of the Cuban Government that this country associate itself with all the countries of the American continent in a joint attempt to mediate the civil war in Spain. In a carefully phrased note de= livered in Havana by American Ambassador J. Butler Wright, the State Department said it could not participate in such mediatory efforts because such action would violate this Government's well de= fined policy of noninterference in the affairs of another country. The note said this Government fully appreciated the concern of the Cuban Government over the deplore able strife in Spain. Note Deplores War “The people of the United States have followed the progress of the unfortunate conflict in Spain with deep sorrow and the sufferings of the people of that country have profoundly distressed the Govern= ment and people of the United States,” the note said. “It is the very earnest hope of my Government, as it is of the American people that a peaceful method of terminating this strife may be found. “The Government of the United States has, however, adopted as a matter of principle, the policy of noninterference in the internal af fairs of another country, and with respect to the unfortunate conflict in Spain, my Government an= nounced in August of 1936 that ‘in conformity with its well established policy of noninterference in the ine ternal affairs of another country either in time of peace or in the event of civil strife, this Govern= ment will, of course, scrupulously refrain from any interference what= soever in the unfortunate Spanish situation.”
‘British Patience
Seen as Exhausted
LONDON, Nov. 2 (U. P.).—Great Britain's patience with “certain gov=
[ ernments” appeared today to be
approaching exhaustion, An amazed House of Commons voted, 363 to 142, its confidence in the Government's foreign policy after Foreign Secretary Eden warned that Britain was not dis posed - to accept meekly from abroad, dictatorial directions regarding her foreign policies. “We offer our co-operation to all, but we accept dictation from none,” Secretary Eden declared amid the loudest cheers that have greeted a Government speech in Commons in recent years. The Foreign Secretary roused the members to feverish excitement with a stern reprimand directed at Premier Mussolini of Italy, who had said in a Fascist “birthday speech in Rome that lasting Euroe pean peace depended upon restora tion of Germany's colonies in Afe rica, lost after the World War.
Declares Report on Eden Talk Garbled
WASHINGTON, Nov. 2 (U. P.)— Acting Secretary of State Sumner Welles today expressed regret that press reports from England on yese terday’s speech of Foreign Secree tary Anthony Eden had reached the United States in a form which mise interpreted Eden's views. In an address before the House of Commons yesterday Secretary Eden was reported to have said that the United States had taken the initiative in the Nine-Power Mr, Welles said that from the official text of Secretary Eden's address it was clear that the British Foreign .Secretary had said that the United States had taken the initiative only’ as to where the conference should be held. [a