Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 13 October 1937 — Page 8

PAGE 8

THE INDIANAPOLIS TIMES

Text of Roosevelt's Fireside Chat on Special Session Aims

WASHINGTON, Oct. 12 (U. P.).—Here is the text of | President Roosevelt's | side chat” last night: | My Friends: | This afternoon I have issued a proclamation calling a special ses-| sion af the Congress to convene on | Monday, Nov. 15, 1937. I do this in order to give to the | Congress an opportunity to consider important legislation before the regular session in January, and to] enable the Congress to avoid a| lengthy session next year, extending | through the summer. I know that many enemies of] democracy will say that it is bad | for business, bad for the tranquility | of the country, to have a special | session—even one beginning only | six weeks before the regular session. | But I have never had sympathy | with the point of view that a ses-| sion of the Congress is an unfortunate intrusion of what they call “politics” into our national affairs. | Those who do not like democracy | want to keep legislators at home. | But the Congress is an essential instrument of democratic govern- | ment: and democratic government | can never be considered an intruder | into the affairs of a democratic nation. | I shall ask this special session to | consider immediately certain important legislation which my recent | trip through the nation convinces |

me the American people immediate- | ly need. This does not mean that other legislation, to which I am not referring tonight, is not important | for our national well-being. But other legislation can be more vreadilv discussed at the regular session. Anyone charged with proposing or judging national politics should have first-hand knowledge of the | nation as a whole.

PLANS SOUTHEAST VISIT

this year parts of

again to all

is why taken trips

That have the country. the Southwest. This summer I mace several trips in the East. Now I am just back from a trip all the way across the continent, and later this autumn I hope to pay my annual visit to the Southeast. For a President especially it is a duty to think in national terms. He must think not only of this year, but of future years when someone else will be President. He must look beyond the average of the prosperity and well-being of the country, because averages easily cover up danger spots of poverty and instability. He must not let the country be deceived by a merely temporary | prosperity which depends on wasteful exploitation of resources which cannot last. : He must think not only of keeping us out of war today, but also of keeping us out of war in gener- | ations to come, The kind of prosperity we want | is the sound and permanent Kind | which is not built up temporarily at the expense of any section or | any group. And the kind of peace we want is the sound and permanent kind, which is built on the co-operative search for peace by all the nations which want peace. The other day I was asked to state my outstanding impression gained on this recent trip to the Pacific Coast and back. I said that it seemed to me to be the general understanding on the part of the average citizen. understand- | ing of the broad objectives and policies which I have just outlined.

NATION ‘TAKEN TO SCHOOL'

Five years of fierce discussion and debate—five years of informa- | tion through the radio and the moving picture—have taken the whole nation to school in the nation's business. Even those who have most attacked our objectives | have, by their very criticism, en- | couraged the mass of our citizens | to think about and understand the | issues involved, and understanding, | to approve, Out of that process, we have | learned to think as a nation. And | out of that process we have learned | to feel ourselves a nation. As never | before in our history, each section | of America says to every other sec- | tion, “thy people shall be my peo- | ple.” For most of the country this has been a good year—better in dollars

| Washington hearing certain peo- | | ple talk and talk about all that | facturers talk about control of pro-

| who got all they wanted from Gov-

| financial institutions and the rail-

and cents than for many years—far , total amount of any major crop better in the soundness of its pros- | grown in the whole nation on all perity. And everywhere I went, I | cultivated land, good land or poor

the good effect on business which is the crop growers and with the help expected from the steady spending | Of the Government. Land use, on

by farmers of the largest farm in- | the other hand, is a policy of procome in many years. | viding each farmer with the best

ity y f land we have, But we have not yet done all yuslioy Wl Wey

that must be done to make this, that total production. Adding prosperity stable. The people of the | oo04 new land for diversified crops United States were checked in their | js offset by abandoning poor land efforts to prevent future piling Up | now uneconomically farmed. of huge agricultural surpluses and | the tumbling prices which inevi- | tably follow them. They were checked in their efforts to secure reasonable minimum wages and maximum hours and the end Of | The total amount of production child labor. And because they were | jaroely determines the price of the checked, many groups in many | crop, and, therefore, the difference parts of the country still have less | between comfort and misery for the purchasing power and a lower | farmer. standard of living than the hation Let me give you an example: us Bu whole ‘cin permanently Wow. | - ¥r we Wife Sabiish enough to run every shoe factory 24 hours a day,

COMFORT VS. MISERY

Americans realize these facts. ' That is why they ask Government seven days a week, we would soon not to stop governing simply be-| have more shoes than the nation cause prosperity has come back a | could possibly buy—a surplus of long way. | shoes that would have to be deThey do not look on Government | Stroved, or given away, or sold at as an interloper in their affairs. On | Prices far below the cost of pro-

the contrary, they regard it as the | duction. That simple illustration,

most effective form of organized | that simple law of supply and de- | mand, equally affects the price of

celf-help. | all . the vp Sometimes I get bored sitting in |. OU MAJjor crops. You and I have heard big manu-

Government not do—people | duction by the farmer as an inde-

| fensible “economy of scarcity.” And | vet these same manufacturers never | hesitate to shut down their huge : or : : : | plants, throw men out of work, and road were being bailed out in 1933. p , | : Bailed out by the Government, Je hut Sowa Le purchasing OWL Dr ! Ji | munities whenever they is refreshing to go out through the | {hink they must adjust their procountry and feel the common Wis- | quction to an oversupply of the dom ‘that the time to repair the | goods they make. When it is their roof is when the sun is shining. | baby who has the measles, thev call They want the financial budget | it not “an economy of scarcity.” but balanced, these American people, | “sound business judgment.”

but they want the human budget | Of course, speaking seriously,

ought

ernment back in the days when the

I| Last spring I visited |

| ery

| curtail crop production | same time, to open up new irrigated

| ances itself with as little Govern-

ment subsidy as possible. for they realize that persistent subsidies ultimately bankrupt their ment.

They are less concerned that evdetail be immediately right than they are that direction be right. They know that just so long as we are traveling on the right road, it does not make much difference if occasionally we hit a “thank you marm.” The overwhelming majority of our citizens who live by agriculture are thinking very clearly how they want Government to help them

| in connection with the production,

of crops. They want Government help in two ways—{first, in the control of surpluses, and second, in the prover use of land. The other day a reporter told me

| he had never been able to under-

stand why the Government seeks to and, at the

acres He was confusing two totally separate objectives. Crop surplus control relates to the

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Govern- |

| labor, agriculture and industry will | produce a balanced abundance with- | out waste.

We intend this winter to find a | find a way to prevent 4!.-cent cot-

| | ing back again. To do that, | farmers themselves want to co-op-{erate to build an all-weather farm | program so that in the long run i prices will be more stable. They [believe this can be done, and the | national budget kept out of the red. And when we have found that way to protect the farmers prices from

| effects of the same fluctuation. We | ought always to have enough food | at prices within the reach of the | consuming public. For the consum-

| ind a way

| store up in

to help the farmers to

| ers in the cities of America, we must |

years of plenty enough |

10 avoid hardship in the years of | scarcity.

portions of 10 states. That valley in western Idaho, therefore, assumes

| Our land use policy is a different [at once a national importance as a

“fire- | found particular optimism about | land—control by the co-operation of thing. I have just visited much of

| the work that the national Govern- | ment is doing to stop soil erosion, to save our forests, to prevent floods,

{to produce electric power for more

| general use, and to give people a

| to provide an opportunity to’ make | a good living. I saw bare and burned hillsides | where only a few years ago great | forests were growing. They are now {being planted to young trees, not | only to stop erosion, but to provide [a lumber supply for the future. | Isaw CCC boys and WPA workers | building check-dams and small | ponds and terraces to raise the | water table and make it possible for farms and villages to remain in | safety where they now are. I saw the harnessing of the turbulent | Missouri, muddy with the top soil | of many states. And I saw barges {on new channels carrying produce [and freight athwart the nation.

| Tet me give you two simple illus- | | {rations of why government proj- |

| importance for the whole country,

and not merely a local importance. | | In the Boise Valley in Idaho I|

saw a district which had been re- | cently irrigated to enormous fer- | tility so that a family can now | make a pretty good living from 40 | acres of its land. Many of the fami-

| |

| lies, who are making good in that | valley today, moved there from a | thousand ‘miles away.

through the middle of the nation | all the way from the Canadian bor-

second chance for willing farmers, and, year by year, we propose to add more valleys to take care of thousands of other families who need the same kind of second chance in new green pastures,

FORESIGHT NEEDED

The other illustration was at the Grand Coulee Dam in the state of Washington. The engineer in charge told me that almost half of the whole cost of that dam to date haa been spent for materials that were manufactured east of the Mississippi, giving employment and wages to thousands of industrial workers

2000 miles away. All of this work needs a more businesslike system of planning and greater foresight than we use today. That is why I recommend to the last session of the Congress the

| ects of this type have a national |

They came | | from the dust strip that runs |

| | Stopped inaFew Minutes or Money Back

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creation of seven planning regions, |

gest”

in which local people will originate | and co-ordinate recommendations as to work of this kind to be done in their particular regions. The Congress will, of course, determine the projects to be selected within the budget limits, To carry out any Twentieth Cen- | tury program, we must give the exec- | utive branch of the government | Twentieth Century machinery to work with. I recognize that democratic processes are necessarily and I think rightly slower than dictatorial processes. But I refuse to be- | (Turn to Page 10)

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