Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 25 September 1937 — Page 9

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~ Second Section

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‘Vagabon

From Indiana — Ernie Pyle PAGE 9°

Second-Class Matter ee ofhce tndianapolis. Ind.

Our Town |

By Anton Scherrer

o. SATURDAY, SEPTEMBER 25, 1937

A’ Schoclhouse:and "Cellar" Homes, Wa r Ma an ess ar a iy e U nited States

But lts Chief Fame Is lts Smell!

| ABOARD CUTTER NORTHLAND, Sept. | 25.—When I write my book entitled “My

| 45 Years Among the Eskimos,” it will be im-

* a -

° : Se Se 3

Sa

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perative that I include a chapter on Nunivak Island, so I might as well do it now and get the pitiful task over with. | While our surf boat was still hundreds of yards from shore, the fine fragrant odor of deceased fish

greeted us. As we drew nearer, the aroma grew in tone and volume, and finally rose up all around us, like an anaesthetic. This odor has prongs on it, and

it’s so strong you sort of walk side- |

ways, edging into it. The village of Nash Harbor sits not far from water, on a grassy slope. From a distance it doesn’t look bad at all. You see only the little schoolhouse, and half a dozen board sheds, and a few small skin boats resting upside down on high poles. You don’t see the people’s houses from a distance, because they are Mr. Pyle half underground and covered with Tass. These houses resemble those half-underground potato cellars farmers sometimes build in the Midwest. The “door” is a square box-like “well” about two feet across,” set into the ground on the down-slofe side of the house. You step into this, and then crawl back through a narrow passageway for about 10 feet, and finally emerge into the small underground room. We wanted to see the inside of a house so we asked a fellow, lolling on the grass, if we could go into his house. He said (through a schoolboy inter- | preter) these exact words: “You can go if you want | to, but it’s too stinky.” That man was 100 per cent | right. There. is no store in Nash Harbor. And no white » man. The schoolteacher is a half-breed. The sled dog puppies are beautiful and want to play, but they smell so bad you can hardly touch them.

The Why of the Village

These people are stricken with the most utter poverty. - They have nothing. Nature treats them badly. They say there is a village 40 miles around the | point where nature is more abundant with her sea | life. We asked why, then, didn’t they all move around | there? They said because there was no schoolhouse, 50 they stayed here for the children’s sake. We asked why the school wasn’t built at the other | village. They said that had been the intention, but | the day the boat came with the lumber a high sea | was running over there, so the boat just brought it | around here and dumped it. And by just such considerate management on | somebody’s part was created a village—a village so | gaunt and poor that it will wake me in my dreams. | I bought a piece of carved ivory. These Nunivak Islanders are known as very poor, carvers, and they | had only a few miserable pieces to offer us. The one | I took was a little cribbage board, about four inches long, with a fish carved on each side.

~My Diary

By Mrs. Eleanor Roosevelt

Western United States Appears

| In Better Condition This Year.

gf VASPER, Wyo., Friday—On this trip, the President has been stressing the point that it is the duty of any chief executive to go about the country to try to learn at first hand the problems affecting the 48 states, for these are going to come to him throughout the year via the representatives from the states. Each representative is naturally going to feel that the problems of his state require special consideration. It is the duty of the President to keep the balance and to try to work out a program which will be beneficial to all and unfair to none. This can’t be done unless you Jee conditions with your own eyes and talk to people ho are in touch with them. When the President made this remark I wondered how much one could see from the windows of a train. Then I began to analyze what I myself was seeing. We woke this morning to the bluest of skies over the plains of Wyoming. .We have seen the mountains in the distance and the curious formations of the country made up of grazing land, high plateaus and steep, rocky gullies. The grass is better this year than it was last year; there. has been a little more rain. In consequence, the cattle and sheep look better and the people themselves look more cheerful. This part of the country has been hard hit but I think the people’s confidence is coming back. We stopped in Cheyenne on schedule and I remembered the pleasant time spent here on our last trip through this section of the country. At several places where we had no scheduled stops, we have been out on the back platform and the President has asked the crowd about the crops and how things are going generally. They answered and asked him questions in return. At the last stop, - where the wheatland reservoir is of great imporsanes, for it will impound water for use in dry seasons, he talked to them a little about that project.

‘We'll Stay Out of War’

‘| I thought it was rather significant that way out here far away from our coasts, when the President answered that we will do our best to stay out of war the applause was spontaneous and loud. Governor Cochran of Nebraska dined with us last -night and left us in Omaha. Today Governor Miller of Wyoming is with us and the Governor of Colorado also joined us for a short time. The temperature is distinctly lower than it was * when we left home and, since going, the sky has become cloudy. I think we inay find our fur coats useful, though they seemed superfluous pieces of baggage. . Tomorrow morning we will be at the entrance to Yellowstone Park, where our daughter Anna, her husband and our two grandchildren will join us. The children have not seen their grandfather for a long time and Anna wrote their excitement was great when they were told they were coming out to join us.

New Books Today

Public Library Presents—

|'T - Jerusalem's western gate, through which travelers from ancient Joppa enter the Holy City, Katharina, transplanted from her native Germany to a colony in Palestine, met fate in the person of Adolph Heunsaker, a wagon maker and a stranger from Russland. “I want none of marrying. be different,” cried young Katharina, vainly trying to avoid destiny. Her ultimate marriage, however, was growing toward happiness, with Adolph’s understanding and her joy in her babies, only to skirt disaster closely when “the young husband felt impelled to join the Mormon Church. : Then it is that our stery shifts to still another, and what was to the little German girl, a more fearful land, a country of great rocks and cold winds and strange people, the home of the Mormons in America. § Then indeed did Katharina, born to bitter poverty ough she was, exiled from her people, feel herself bereft of all but an enduring faith in God. It was this faith which sustained her. With greatest hardship she bore and reared her children. She labored prodigiously, gleaning the cut-over fields for precious food, and fighting constantly the fear that the husband she had come to love should take other wives according to the teaching of the foreign church. But when in her older years she rested confi‘dently from her work, it was with a realization that through her beloved children were her ambitions realized. Written to glorify a life lived with strength and honor, THE JOPPA DOOR (Putnam) by Hope Williams Sykes tells in a manner almost Biblical in its quiet beauty the simple narrative of this “gentle German woman who married a stranger from Russland.” Ne

Is

| |

[Fem mae

I want my life to |

(Last of a Series)

By Stephen and Joan Raushenbush

VER since therise of Hitler in 1933 and the emergence of Mussolini's Italy in 1935 as a major power, many people have been uncertain whether they really want this nation to stay out of foreign wars. : Many who were firmly in favor of staying out before 1936 have since become doubtful because of the German-Italian participation in the Spanish revolution. The argument is rarely put in the form of reasons why the United States should get into a foreign: war. It is more often put in the form of reasons for doing things (discretionary neutrality, no restraint of war trade) to help England and France. The argument goes that the two large democracies

in Europe, France and England, are going to have to fight the dictatorships of Italy and Germany. There. is, the argument runs, danger to us that the dictatorships will win, if we don’t help France and England. If the Fascist powers win, we will have a great Fascist combination in Europe facing us across the Atlantic. It is either “we—or they.” The world, in Mussolini's phrase, cannot stand the two systems of government side-by-side.

2 ” #

HE sympathies of the present writers are entirely with democratic forms of government, at home and abroad.

But that strong feeling does not go to the point of advocating those measures which will result in having some millions of young American men go over and face death in the fight against those dictatorships. Does a man who has a sense of responsibility and a conscience have the right to urge others to do what he is not doing himself? In a future war, if an international banker or industrialist or lawyer should feel strongly that England should be saved from defeat, he can go across the border to Canada overnight and enlist. He gives up his American citizenship. He can also give his private fortune to England. He is free to dispose of what he has. But if he prefers not to do these things, but instead stays at home and uses his influence to get the younger men of his nation to fight his cause for him, is he not really asking them to do what he is too afraid or too lazy to do himself? Isn't that a willingness to throw responsibility and death upon the shoulders of others? Is it not irresponsibility ? : There may, after all, be a very sound psychology behind a proposition occasionally discussed in the A. E. F., that those who vote and work for war should actually go to the front, regardless of age. Actually, nobody is too old to die. The proposal might give some of our older men and anonymous editorial writers a different sense of responsibility. ” ” ” - HAT right do people have to suggest ways which may get us into war, unless they guarantee that they themselves will be in the first rank of volunteers, fighting under the French or Briss flags until this nation goes n? :

Perhaps a man has the right to make such proposals if he is sure in his own mind that America itsell must fight with England or die later alone. But if he is not completely sure

Shall This Nation Fight to Save .the World From Fascism? >,

Timeg-Acme Photo.

Another fine occupation to leave to the other fellow is “mopping up” a captured enemy town. Here is a detachment of Japanese soldiers breaking down the door of an apparently deserted house. These buildings often harbor snipers

and other partisans.

in his own mind that those are the only two choices, does he have the moral right to advocate

“measures tending to get us into

war in order to “save the world from dictatorship”? There are many questions which must make the answer at least doubtful. A few of them are suggested here briefly. ! If we go to war there is at least the possibility that we may lose our own democracy in the process. Is it worth doing that for the uncertain possibility of saving the democracies of Europe after a major war? : If we are to give up the idea of making the United States a small zone of sanity in a crazy world, are the people of the United States going to be ready to face the obligation of becoming a permanent part of future plans for European security? Or are they simply going to withdraw from Europe as they did before? And if they are going to withdraw, is the excussion, with all its dead and lost sanity and lost money and lost democracy worth it?

» a 2

INCE England and France are not only democracies but also are definitely countries in which the commercial and colonial interests are strong, their wars may be motivated in part by commercial and imperialistic interests. How can we be sure that a war into which we are invited in the name of “saving the world from dictatorships” is not actually in the interests of retaining a monopoly of African colonies or a trade route to India? Or is it worth putting the war forces into the saddle in this country in order to have our boys fight under democratic flags for foreign trade advantages? We have been told that a general staff proposal to march into the Rhineland against Hitler. in March, 1936, met the objection that the French troops would mutiny. If a war is hard or onesided enough, troops may mutiny, civilian populations may revolt. If we go into war in the name of saving democracy, and the present democratic government of one of our future allies, France,

Side Glances—By Clark

is overthrown in the middle of the war by a revolution, and is replaced by a communist government, do we continue fighting on her side against the old enemy? Or does our Government turn and fight her as an enemy? Or, in the middle of the war to save democracy, the Government of England is overthrown and replaced by a Fascist government, do we go on fighting on her side against the enemy? Or does our Government turn: and fight her as a new enemy? 0” ” ” HESE are far from idle quesA tions. Wars of the future may be fought to support tottering economic systems. There is widespread belief that Germany and Italy will be forced to choose between economic disaster and war. If that is the way governments act, the act ‘is not necessarily confined to those two governments, Others may imitate

them. ) Some of our influential people are probably almost as much interested in the fact that France and England are nations in which private capital is respected in the way it is in the United States, as they are interested in the other fact that those nations are democracies. We have some odd billions of investments in them. If both of these nations turned Fascist, our owning classes would still retain a strong interest in their fate! ‘“Dictatorships” are not necessarily the enemy of American business. The fact that Italy was a dictatorship did not stop our bankers from lending her millions, or our American or the British oil companies from helping her conquer Ethiopia. American and British airplane companies helped rearm Hitler. For idealists, England is Shakespeare and the House of Commons and maybe a little Archbishop of

. Canterbury thrown in. For oth-

ers, it is Imperial Chemical Industries and Royal Dutch and Vickers. - For idealists, France is Lafayette and Verdun, Blum and Belleau Wood. For others, it is the Comite des Forges, Schneider Creusot and Chiappe. :

1937 BY NEA SERVICE. INC. 7. M. REG. U. 8. PAT, OFF. 4 {

"We've never stayed. in. one town long enough to buy furniture.”

’

A WOMAN'S VIEW

‘| By Mrs. Walter Ferguson “ AIDCRAFT” a guide for the

One Maid household is a helpful manual compiled by Lita Price and Harriet Bonnet and. published this month by Bobbs-Merrill. It gives detailed advice on the relationship that should exist between housewife and servant. It makes housework sound so easy and simple one wonders why a maid is needed at all in these one-maid

. voiced.

‘these days?”

households. Dissensions like brick bats are tossed about if the suggestion is “How about the maids themselves,” somebody is sure to shout. “Don’t they have to earn a living? Isn't it a good thing to employ as many people as possible To that we instantly reply: “We are not discussing this as an economic question, but as a matter of simple individual happiness.” “But how can one woman look after the house, take care of the children and hold her husband,” comes the cry from another direction, and we hastily back track by explaining that we aren't talking about households equipped with babies. What we are talking about is the ordinary husband and wife home, where only the man brings in the bacon. In such homes, the woman with one maid, might be a great deal happier doing her own work. We arrive at such a conclusion because we have learned that women, like men, are better off and far less dissatisfied when they have regular tasks to perform. Especially those, and there are many of them left in cur world, who are by nature. fond

of housewifely ways. the

F the governing classes in France and England were no longer able to retain control of their people in the course of a war, and in desperation established Fascist dictatorships, the effect on us, thew ally, might be as much toward making us follow suit as toward making us withdraw from the war. Another war will probably see an extension of what happened in Spain. As the Spanish war went on the Government, mildly liberal at first, went gradually to the left. In France, during the World War, the liberals had to give way to the extreme right. Extremes, not democracies, win wars. Cas ! The very fact of a war on civilians and the possibility of a defeat through civilian pressure means revolution. If we are gver in Europe with an army, we are in the midst of revolutions. D> we then march around . Europe holding plebiscites. to. find out if the new black, brown or red dictators really represent the democratic choice of the pzcple? And can we afford a war? We will have to pay not only our own bill, perhaps 30 billions, but will have to pay our allies’ bill, too. Once we started a war boom in 1914 we found we had to finance it. After we entered the war we had to add to that the financing

of our allies for the war, and

throw in-billions for supporting sterling and the franc. The threat our allies held over us was that of losing the war, for lack of money to carry on.

2 ” ”

F there is a grain of truth in the public worries of our elder statesmen and bankers concerning the balancing of the national budget, then an extra 40 or 50

Times Special

editing a newspaper which he called “L’'Homme Libre” (The Freeman). When the war ‘came and

| they started censoring his articles, 1 he changed the title to “L’Hecmme

Enchaine” (The Man in Chains). Today the newspaper fraternity of Nazi Germany in its entirety could

“The Men in Chains.” For editors and writers can voice only one

the Third Reich.

“Public Opinion Quarterly.” Mr. Larson is a member of the Library of Congress’ staff. His story, “The German Press Chamber,” is the result of exhaustive reszarch into the regimentation of the Nazi press. Long before Herr Hitler came to power, the Nazi Party laid down its rules for using public opinion.

s " ”

4 E demand legislative action,” said the party platform, “against conscious political lies and their propagation through the press.” Violations of the law were to be punished by the closing of tie guilty newspaper. 3 “We demand,’ the platform con-

tinued, “legislative action against an artistic and literary tendency which:

exerts a destructive influence on our national life, and the closing of institutions which conflict with these demands.” ! Here was the basic idea which has since been fully carried out by the Nazi regime. To enforce the system, a Reichspressekammer (German Press Chamber) has been created to func-

lightenment and Propaganda, at the head of which is Dr. Paul Joseph Goebbels. This ministry, said Goeb-

bels, is “the connecting link between

appropriately change its name to

opinion and that is the opinion of

Cedric Larson tells about it in

the press to control

tion under a Ministry of Public En-

billion dollars of debt is something to consider. While the bankers and upper income brackets worry about that, let the rest of us worry a moment about - the ‘postwar depression. Can the lovers of democracy afford that? The first duty of those who believe in democracy is to make it work. It is growing more and more dangerous to have depressions. Democracy is strained more by each succeeding.one. Each of them throws. up dangerous demagogues. The next postwar depression may find the whole nation still under the draft, and some millions of men under arms. A terrific debt burden will have to be carried. The political cleavages of war-torn Europe will have come back with the troops. Any friend of democracy ought to look at that situation and think of trying to make democracy work in it, before he speaks -.about .our going forth to save the rest of the world. These are not intended to be unanswerable questions. They are stated because there should be a moral obligation on people to answer them, to their own satisfaction, at least, before they assume the responsibility of advocating measures which would tend to push the United States into war.

(The book, “War Madness,” from which these articles were taken, is published by the National Home Library Foundation, Dupont Circle Apartment Building, Washington, D. C.)

See This Page Monday for "Why Women of Today Live: Longer.’

‘Men in Chains’ Suggests

Status

Nazi Writers’

pression of the popular will, and the

EFORE the World War, France's | people themselves.” famed Georges Clemenceau was

® ® HE press must “aid the Government and not criticize in

, such a manner as would shake the faith of the people in the govern-

ment. . . . The press of Germany should be a piano upon which the Government might play” “The press is no end in itself,” said Wilhelm Weiss, chief editor

of the Volkischer Beobachter, Nazi

Party organ. “It has the right to exist only if it adjusts itself to the larger and more important organism of the nation, and if it subordinates itself to a uniform and directed will of the Government.” Today newspapers in Germany are truly the “pianos” on which the Nazis play their political tune. But the tune is monotonous. The theme is always the same and the only freedom the press is the freedom to use your own words in praise of the powers that be.

TAGS MAY SHOW

HABITS OF TUNA

By Science Service q ASHINGTON, Sept. 25.—If an * American fisherman catches a fish marked with a serial number and the word. “Portugal,” it

‘may help solve the problem of

the winter home of the tuna which summers off the eastern coast of North America. 1 The Portuguese Government {is marking with metallic disks some

tunas caught and released off ‘the:

southern coast of Portugal. Fishermen are also furnished numbered hooks so that any fish they lose will carry identification. The oceanic wanderings of the tuna

are unknown. They may spawn |

hundreds and thousands of miles

Silence Is Golden, but the Elder Jungclaus Drew a Bear by I; Maybe There's Moral for Zoo Here.

OR no reason whatever I got up this morning thinking about Fred Jungclaus® father, and the time he went to a Skat tour nament in Milwaukee. I don’t remember just when that was, but it must have been sometime around the turn of the century because I distinctly recall that Tom Taggart was Mayor of Indianapolis at the time. Anyway, those were the days when everybody with

‘a trace of German blood in his

veins went to Skat tournaments. I hope I don’t have to tell you that Skat is a card game as old as the Nibelungenlied, and just as complicated, too. Well, as I was saying, Fred's father was part of the noisy Indianapolis delegation that year. I know they were a noisy bunch, because one of the features of - Skat is the unrestrained enthusiasm of its players. And unrestrained enthusiasm, I've discovered, is usually nothing but a lot of noise. This holds good whether it’s a game of cards, or anything else. All of which, of course, leads you to believe that Fred's father was as noisy as the rest. But that's exactly what he wasn’t. For some reason, he was very quiet when he_left Indianapolis, and counted his words all the time™~he was in Milwaukee. Indeed, legend has it that one day he neither spoke nor {smiled. :

Gets Prize—A Live One!

_ His colleagues felt that such behavior merited some kind of a reward. And so a committee was appointed to buy a prize. Believe it or not, the prize was a big, black bear. Sure, it was alive. What had happened was that the committee, in its séarch for a prize, had run across an Italian organ-grinder and his dancing bear. Unanimously they decided that Mr. Jungclaus ought to have a bear for company. : Well, the bear was led to the tournament hall, on to the stage, and there presented to “The Silent Indianapolitan.” Even then, Mr. Jungclaus refused to speak. Instead, he wrote his thanks on a card, and handed it to the committee in charge. After which, of course, there wasn’t anything to do but leave Mr. Jungclaus alone with his thoughts—and the bear. Apparently, Mr. Junglcaus had a lot on his mind by this time, because the next thing he did was to hunt up the Western Union and send the following message to Mayor Taggart: “Tom, “Got a bear. Don’t want it. Do you? Jungclaus.” Mayor Taggart replied almost immediately: “Jungclaus, “Yep. Send it, We will park it.

Mr. Scherrer

= “Tom.” For all I know, this may have been the start of the Riverside Zoo, which for a while looked as if it might amount to something.

Jane Jordan— ‘Youth's Marriage to Woman Who' Is Mature, Considered Poor Risk.

EAR JANE JORDAN—I was married at 16 and have been married 11 years. I have one boy 9 years old. I have been separated from my husband five timeés and five times have bought new furniture and started over. Now wé are separated again. My

husband has been unfaithful, yet I would do anything

to have a home for my boy. He is a nice-looking man, cleen and a good dresser. He is 32 years old and works, but seems to make no headway. He has big ideas for a poor man. I have offered to get. a divorce, but he does not want one although he doesn’t want to live with me and cries when he says he thinks as much of me as he used to. I still have a feeling for my husband, but can’t say I love him any more. Two years ago I met a young man who has been wonderful to me. My girl friend told me that this fellow has loved me since the first time he saw me, but he never told me. He is a good worker, saves his money and wants a honfe some day. He has told people he feels sorry for me because I try to have a - home, but have no one working with me. Since my last separation I have been going with him and I think I am falling in love with him. A few days ago I found out he is only 20 years old, but he 100ks 25 and is very settled. Do you think seven years is too much difference in age for us to be happy if we marry? WANTING TO BE HAPPY.

ANSWER—No one can lay down hard and fast rules about marriage without being confronted with puzzling exceptions. However, I would do wrong not to tell you that the marriage of a 20-year-old boy to an

_older woman with a child has. very little chance of

success. You point to the fact that the boy isj.old: for his years and more settled than the average. This gives us all the more reason to suspect that in time he would feel cheated of his youth and his right to a season of freedom and frivolity before tying himself down with heavy responsibilities. My guess is that he is not very competitive. Instead of battling with other boys for the favor of young girls he retired from the fray. He has looked for love from a woman, who expects less than a girl, in a field where competition is not so hot and heavy. Your husband is not a fierce competitor, but a weakling who has failed to fulfill his responsibilities. It is all too easy for the vounger man to feel superior to him and yet have all the satisfaction of having taken you from a rival. ; The boy is not far enough away from his mother. The protective feelings which he had toward her have been transferred to you, but the transference ‘is not necessarily permanent. As he gains confidence in his own manhood the chances are great that he will try to win a younger girl. It always is tragic when a mature woman gives a boy confidence only to have him leave her in the end. r 2 The strain of keeping up with a yourig husband is considerable for the woman who is older. You wouldn't feel it so much in your twenties as in your thirties and forties. Then you would be painfully conscious of every little wrinkle and agonizingly jeal= ous of every young girl. To part with youth is hard, but unusually difficult under these conditions. It is fortunate for you both that a delay is ine evitable, for it gives the young man a chance to change his mind. You need not doubt your ability to attract and hold a more mature man if he does, for in this case the cards are stacked against you. : JANE JORDAN.

Put your problems in a letter to Jane Jordan, who will answer your questions in this column daily.

Walter O'Keefe—

JV[USSOLINI left Rome yesterday for that long anticipated visit to his ¢hum, Hitler, and 100,« 000 people saw him off at the station. Two of the

» 100.000 were spectators and the rest were bodyguards.

+ The poor Nazis, Their electric light was turned off this week while a sham battle was fought over Berlin and now they've got to stuff cotton in their ears as a defense against Adolf and-Renito both yell ing at the same time. NEE It'll be easy to tell. them apart though because Adolf has just about the same amount of hair on his lip that Benito has on his head. $ Inasmuch as Il Duce couldn't carry a balcony with ‘him the chances are that by now he’s hanging out of aa upper berth in the train rehearsing his speech