Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 31 August 1937 — Page 5

TUESDAY,

PERSONAL FEAR IS SEEN BEHIND STALIN'S PURGE

Russian Dictator Believed Actually Frightened Into Executions.

—————

(Continued from Page One)

that there was any rea ny organized | support of the Trotskyist idea that | Stalin had “betrayed the revolution.” | although there were those who individually disagreed with the course that the revolution was taking under Stalin's leadership. They felt that the revolution on many points had strayed from the line of pure socialism advocated by the original Bolsheviks—such deviations as allowing peasants to hold small plots of land for gardening and feeding domestic animals, the restoration of ranks in the Army, the Strengthening of family units, the | restoration (although under almost | confiscatory taxation) of the right of inheritance, the encouragement of | deposits in savings banks. the pro- | tection of private income from work and savings. the tightening of ivorce regulations and the abolition of abortion Charges of wrecking or sabotage, which also figure importantly in ithe purge, result frcm negligence, siackness, even ignorance, which cause! the breakage of machines and the interruption of production or transport. And 1 know of foreign engineers with years of experience in Soviet factories who are personally convinced that there has been frequent sabotage and wrecking in fac | tories for political reasons { Trotsky’s Friends Rounded Up Many of the old Bolsheviks caught | up in the current purge had been | conspirators by career all of their | lives before the Bolshevist revolution. It is not improbable that some had retained their taste for underground work. Every known friend of Trotsky, even friends of his friends, was rounded up. Espionage is another reason for the purge. There seems not the slightest reason to doubt that fore eign nations have and are maintaining spies in the Soviet Union Evary | major military nation in Europe | maintains spying organizations among her strongest neighbors. But certainly not, everyone labeled in the Soviet as & Japanese or German sp: or as a Fascist spy, was on a foreign payroll Anyone who recalls the epidemic of “German spies” in the United States during the World War undarstands what happens under the stress of wartime hysteria. The Soviet Union labors under a wartime mentality now, as it has frequently to a greater or less degree during the last 20 years. | Some of the charges in the press. ! such as the infection of bouquets with potato cancer, the infection of cotton areas with pink worm, the poisoning of water sources and the spreading of contagious diseases among cattle, are reminiscent of wartime days in the United Stales Conjecture Is Unsatisfactory When one comes to the case of Marshal Michail Tukhachevsky and seven other generals of the Red Army, conjecture regarding the background of their executions is complex and unsatisfactory, The kev to the mystery possibly may be found in Stalin's decision in May to restore the institution of po-

AUG. 81, 1937

some upper

cal commissars attached to large less interested in the Bolshevisation | Square, reviewing the May Day pa[rr units. The commissars | of the Army than in military effi- rade. Afterward with Stalin he re- | virtually spies to keep an eye on the | ciency. | ceived the Army officers. wolily actions of the Army commanders| A timetable of the closing days of Eleven days later he unexpectedly and report directly to the political | party. Tt was provided that every order had to be countersigned by | denness the crisis broke. In Feh- | tried hastily, and shot. two of three persons—the command- | ruary 1 was assured everywhere in | the assistant commander and/or | Moscow that in event of war, the | the Yoltical commissar, Marshal, recognized as among the | American making his career (world's most brilliant tacticians, | in jriid Army might be expected 10 | would command the Red Armies in | object bitterly to such an arrange- the field. Late in March he personment, Marshal Tukhachevsky and | ally confirmed to one of my friends | other generals may have resisted |that he had been chosen to repre- | this institution and continued their sent the Soviet Union at the fe resistance to a point regarded as | nation of King George VI. | suspicious or as a deviation from the | This appointment was canceled | party line. Tt has heen known that |later, but on May 1 Marshal Tuk- | caresr-militarists were 'hachevsky stood heside Stalin in Red |

Two NEw

Tomorrow's dispatch describes Stalin's precautions aghinst assasSi

28)

L1-0632

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