Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 13 August 1937 — Page 15

‘Vagabond

From Indiana — Ernie Pyle

Life in Raw Too Tasty for Roving Reporter During 372-Mile Trip By Truck Over Rough Alaskan Road.

ALDEZ, Alaska, Aug. 13.—Certain of my helpful friends think that in gathering material for this column I should live life more in the raw, instead of just going around and passively looking at things. Well, the cup of those dear friends must be running over like a waterfall today. Tor I have just had 24 hours of the rawest living I can take. This raw living consisted of riding from Fairbanks to Valdez—372 miles, all night and all day, over a moun-

tainous gravel road—standing up in the back end of a truck.

The ride was over Richardson |

Highway, of which Alaska is very proud because it is the longest of her only two roads that actually go from one place to another. 1 came in a truck because the bus runs only on Thursdays and I had to go on a Tuesday. When I arranged passage with the truck company I was under the impression there would be just the driver and myself. But when we highballed it out of Fairbanks in a cloud of dust at high noon there were a white woman and a hall-bread girl up front with the driver, and two Swedes and myself thirdclassing it back behind, among the bed rolls and spare tires.

Mr. Pyle

point. He took a gambling chance that what ap-

What Chance Has Peace in Europe?

The Indianapolis Times

Second Section

FRIDAY, AUGUST 13, 1937

Democracy Not an Issue in Spanish War, Simms Claims

(Fourth of a Series)

The driver crowded every curve to the skidding |

peared to be the next hole in the road ahead wasn't |

a hole—and 99 times out of a hundred he lost.

Shoes Wouldn't Stay Laced That ride was so rough you could neither sit down nor stand up. It was so rough you couldn't keep a cigaret lighted. wouldn't stay laced.

It was so rough my shoes |

For the first few miles we tried sitting—on rolls |

of canvas and duffle bags. But

there wasn’t any- |

thing to hold to, and you couldn't see the bumps

coming. So we stood up. We stood for the first six hours.

By William Philip Simms

Times Foreign Editor

ONDON, Aug. 13.——If Americans mean what they say about keeping out of Europe's quarrels, Spain is the

place for them to prove it.

The Spanish tragedy is very real. It is one of the big “ifs” of peace or war on this side of the Atlantic. But it has no more to do with democracy, honest and widespread opinion to the contrary notwithstanding, than the

' Braddock-Louis prize fight.

Like opposing winds which rush together in an area of low barometer, thus creating a tornado, five colossal political forces have met in the Iberian Peninsula and produced a storm which may yet leave all Europe a shambles.

The Spaniards themselves provide two of these forces. One of these, to call them by the usual broad terms, is fascism. The other is communism. To express it more accurately, the extreme right and the extreme left are in conflict. After the overthrow of Alfonso XIII, a very sincere effort was made to set up a democratic republic. But political pendulums do not swing like that. From one extreme they travel to the other.

| That is what the Spanish pendu-

We would have |

been standing yet, except that polar weather set in |

about 6 in the evening. We were in the mountains now, amidst snow. The sun was behind a mountain, and the thermometer stood just at We had no overcoats. And the wina.

freezing. |

When vou stand up and face the |

world at 40 and 45 miles an hour without a wind- | shield on a night like that, you've bitten off more |

than vou can chew. It was impossible. We had

to sit down out of the wind. Then It Poured

For the next six floor of that truck.

hours we sprawled over We were thrown, jerked, pro-

the |

pelled, shot, upended, somersaulted from one wall |

of that truck to the other—up and down, sideways, scrambled. And then it poured. We couldn't curl up and shiver in a rigid civilized

We shivered. And we shook. |

manner, because we couldn't keep our balance long |

enough. 1 don't know what might have happened if the driver hadn't decided to stop along about midnight. We went into Paxson's roadhouse, a rustic log affair up among the mountains and lakes. We warmed around the stove, ate a hot supper and then piled in for a three-hour nap. By 3 a. m. we were up and away again. closed my eyes, but member hardly at all, Sometime around noon the truck the driver said we were in Valdez. hotel and right to bed.

Mrs. Roosevelt's Day

By Eleanor Roosevelt

Organized Drive to Urge Service of

Women on Juries Is Given Support. YDE PARK. N. Y.. Thursday—1I went this morning to the Alumnae House at Vassar College to attend a meeting presided over by Miss Vera McCrea, president of the Business and Professional Women's Clubs of New York Staie, and Miss Kathryn

I never

stopped and I went to a

women's organizaticns interested in the service of women on juries. It was decided there should be a state committee to serve as a clearing house for all these organizations. The point was emphasized that societies of women must be enlisted which have not hitherto been interested in the passage of a jury bill, but which have a large membership in rural and urban centers. The idea was to reach as great a number of women as possible. One woman offered an important point when she said you were supposed in court to come before a jury of your peers. In her experience the better men of the community rarely served on juries and she was afraid the same would be the case with women. It would be unfortunate, she asserted, if only the idle men and women qualified. Another woman at once pointed out that vhis was just the reason why women should begin aow to discuss the subject. It seems important to me that men and women alike should realize that jury service is one of the responsibilities of citizenship. If you cannot serve because of illness or a business emergency, or some other valid reason, that excuses you. . But men have frequently invented excuses when with a little effort, they might easily have performed jury service. Women will do the same thing, unless we can convince evervone that it is not fair to any government to accept all the privileges and shirk all the chores. Jury schools, such as are proposed, would be open to women. I hope in every community they will be attended by both sexes. Another woman brought up the point that she was a housewife, that her husband worked hard to keep a business going, which had labored through precarious times, and that her daughter was obliged to go to business. It was the housewife’s job, the woman said, not to add to the family expenses and to see that all were well taken care of. She asked to know, then, how she could serve on a jury. The answer is, of course, that the family as a whole must recognize the fact that jury service is a duty and, putting their heads together, find a solution. Someone could be brought in to cook the necessary meals—S$3 a day is paid for jury service. Of course it would be nice to keep that money but if this is a duty, it is worth doing well. Perhaps the members of the household not serving

the rest of the journey I re- |

{

| |

| |

|

Jum did—resulting, by the middle of last year, in a Communist-con-trolled government, And revolution. Such are the two forces. Two others are represented by Germany and Italy on one side, and France and Britain on the other.

2 n ”

umn afraid of commu- ¥ nism, Germany and Ttaly believe that if the Valencia Government wins, Spain will be ruled from Moscow. So they openly support the opposing iaction of Gen. Franco. Britain and France, equally convinced that if Gen. Franco wins with Italian and German aid, Spain will be a tool in the hands of Rome and Berlin, have been

5

By Raymond Clapper Times Special Writer ASHINGTON, Aug. 13.—Automobile labor is showing that it can be good. Last winter it put on a performance that terrified some people and disturbed a great many others. Not long ago the sit-downs and the unauthorized wildcat strikes in General Motors plants were being pointed to by industrialists as evidence that organized labor couldn't be trusted to keep its contracts. Tom Girdler's chief witness

| against C. I. O. was this condition

| been signed, yet

. : | strikes by the score. Starbuck. Representatives were present from various | x

A contract had the management had to contend with unauthorized

in General Motors.

But since June .21,

| the United Automobile Workers in | General Motors have been as good

| as small boys

before Christmas.

| since that day there has not been | a single one of these wildcat strikes

| in General Motors.

July was the

| first month since last October that

on a jury might iook in the icebox for sufficient food | to keep them going, even to making themselves a |

cup of coffee and a boiled egg, if necessary.

It seems to me it is really a question of whether

vou believe jury service is a job on a par with your other occupations in life. If it is, then you will surely find a way to perform it as you do all your other serious responsibilities.

HEARD IN CONGRESS—

ENATOR BLACK (D. Ala.)—I received a letter from a manufacturer stating that the passage of this (Wage-Hour) Bill would close his plant. I wrote back and asked, “What wages are you paying and what hours are you working your employees?” He did not give me his hours, but he wrote that he was paving $6 a week to young ladies who were working

in his factory; that they could get board for from | $3 to $5 per week, which was ample, and therefore |

the wages were ample to take care of them. It will be noted that those young ladies were receiving $52 net per year with which to buy their clothes, go to moving picture shows, and to do everything else in the world necessary for young ladies to live in comfort. He said that if we should pass the bill and he was required to pay the young ladies more than $6 per week to make silk clothing for other people in the country to wear, it would close up his silk manufacturing plant. ;

Pi.

| brought no strike.

These unauthorized strikes ceased suddenly when President Knudsen of General Motors gave notice he would not continue negotiations for modification of the existing contract unless the union demonstrated it could control its members, From that time on the union controlled its members. It was to the interest of the union to do so. Its contract with General Motors runs indefinitely. Either party can cancel it by giving 60 days’ notice. Unless the union controlled its men, it not only stood little chance of obtaining favorable modifications in the contract, but ran the risk of having the company cancel. n ” ” ROBABLY the union was subject to some pressure from John L. Lewis, who was dissatisfied with the

Side Glances

utomotive Labor Now

On Its Good Behavior

members of |

just as determined to block the Italo-German game. Before the Spanish war broke out Britain was in a state of alarm. The rise of Italy, and the new importance of the airplane as a weapon of war, had played havoc with her sense of empire security. It would never do, therefore, for Italy and Nazi Germany to find a natural ally in fascist Spain. It would turn the Mediterranean into a fascist lake. France's position is similar. As a colonial power she is second only to Britain. Her line of empire communication also is in the Mediterranean, On one side of this line lie Italy and Italy's Sardinia. On the other are Spain and Spain's Balearics. If Italy and Spain became allies, France's communication with her African colonies would be in the position of a ribbon passing between the two blades of a pair of sharp scissors.

n » un

HE fifth force comes from Soviet Russia. There can be no disputing the fact that Communists have been increasingly active in Spain ever since the flight of Alfonso, and that they have been aided and directed from Moscow. I am not criticizing Russia for extending aid to the side she favors in Spain. Nor am 1 criticizing France or Germany, England or Italy. The purpose of this article is merely to point out as nearly as I can the truth about

| number of unauthorized strikes. They embarrassed C. I. O. in its steel strike and helped drive public sentiment away from labor. This discipline has not been an easy achievement on the part of the automobile workers. Green and untrained in union operation, they resorted to a small strike every time they ran into trouble. And they encountered considerable trouble because the management side also | was green. Neither side had much | familiarity and skill in handling the | grievance machinery provided in the contract.

When there was difficulty in ad- | justing a grievance, the men rushed | into a strike. The experience of General Motors demonstrates that labor relations problems do not end with the signing of a union contract. They begin. Labor relations, like matrimonial relations, have to be worked at, not only in good faith, but with a good deal of common sense and skill. Newly unionized industries have to develop grievance machinery to smooth the path of relations between the employer and the union.

u n ”

NDUSTRIES which have been unionized for years have developed such machinery. In the garment trades, Sidney Hillman has developed a system of shop stewards and arbitrators which is advocated by many exper's as a model. On the railroads, in the garment trades, among mine workers, the printing trades and other such wellmanaged unions the strike is the weapon of last resort, not of first resort as it has been in the automobile union until recently. This has come about not only because of responsible union management, but because of co-operation from the employer's side.

Bv Clark

LIT y

Cap sh A

3 2 Ea NEON YR

COPR. 1937 BY

NEA SERVICE. INC. T.M. REG. U. S. PAT. OFF.

on

| fo

“The office called and said if you could come in for just a few minutes it would save them $30,000.”

iim)

Entered as at Postoffice,

|

PEI PING ———

Spain after living three months among her neighbors. Democracy is not the What democratic Britain and France are concerned about is the future of themselves and their empires. Both lived on excellent terms with the autocratic Alfonse and could do so again. Britain has made it plain that her chief interest in Spain is that it must not be hostile to her.

”

issue.

” T isn't democracy but national interests that are involved. That is just as true of Soviet Russia as it is of Fascist Italy and Germany and democratic Britain and France. Spain would

By E. R. R. ASHINGTON, Aug. 13.—Congress now has before it two bills which contemplate wide application of the principle of regional government. Introduced by Senator Norris (Ind, Neb.) and Rep. Mansfield (D. Tex.), these measures provide for the creation of seven Federal agencies to superintend the planning and development of natural resources in major river basins throughout the country. The Norris and Mansfield bills are designed to carry out a plan | for “regional husbandry” outlined | by President Roosevelt in a special | message to Congress. The President | called for both immediate action and long-range planning, on a regional basis, to prevent floods, droughts and duststorms. Emphasizing that planning for the conservation of natural resources necessitated “co-ordination of many related activities,” he pointed out

that a problem such as flood control |

involved not only ‘great works on main streams” but also “smaller dams and reservoirs on the lesser tributartes, and measures of applied conservation throughout the entire drainage area, such as restoration of forests and grasses on inferior lands, and encouragement of farm practices which diminish and prevent erosion of lands.”

Provisions should be made also,

the President said, for ‘the effective | administration of hydroelectric proj- |

ects which have been or may be undertaken as a part of multiplepurpose watershed development.” Water-power resources “must be protected from private monopoly and used for the benefit of the people.” While conservation of natural resources is a National problem, “it is not wise to direct everything from Washington,” the President said. “National planning should start at the bottom.” Local and state problems “should be co-ordinated through large geographical regions and come to the capital of the Nation for final co-ordination.” In this way, “Congress would receive a complete

. picture in which no local detail

had been overlocked.” Although “neither the exact scope nor the most appropriate mechanism for regional husbandry can at the start be projected upon any single blue-print,” because such problems as flood control, soil conservation, or power development spread across varying areas, the President proposed that, “for the time being,” Congress create seven regional agencies to deal with problems centering in the watersheds of major rivers. n ” n HE bills offered in Congress by Senator Norris and Rep. Mansfield provide for the regional division outlined by the President. One region would embrace the At-

lantic Seaboard, a second the Great

Lakes and Ohio Valley, a third the

run-off | arable |

East Is East and West Is West.

be just far from democracy if she were a puppet of Moscow as she would be as a puppet of Berlin or Rome. What is going on in Spain is what was going on in the Balkans and elsewhere in Europe before the World War. And long before then. And since then. It is European rivalry in action. It merely happens to be Spain’ that is being used as a battleground today. Tomorrow it may be Czechoslovakia, or Austrian. or Poland. Or China. Thus, just as long as it stays in its present phase, it is Europe's quarrel, not America's and not democracy's.

as

Regional Planning and Development Typified by ‘Little TVA’ Proposal

and the Red River of the North,

a fifth the basins of the Arkansas, | Red, and Rio Grande Rivers, § |

sixth the basins of the Colorado flowing into the Pa-

| River and rivers

| cific south of the California-Oregon |

line, and a seventh the Columbia River basin. While much of their language | is identical, the Norris and Mans- | field bi'ls differ in several important respects. The Mansfield bill, said by its sponsor to have | been drafted by the Administration, provides for the creation of seven regional planning agencies with power to make studies and surveys, to co-ordinate the work of Federal, state and local government agencies within their areas, and to recommend development programs. Thes: agencies, however, would have no power to undertake actual development programs,

ning agencies, would authorize the President, | “whenever in his judgment the na- | tional public interest or the interests of economy and efficiency will be served thereby,” to create regional power authorities to develop and sell electric power. Under the terms of the Norris | bill, seven “conservation authorities.” modeled after the Tennessee Valley Authority, would be set up. These authorities would exercise

agencies and of the power agencies contemplated in the Mansfield bill. Moreover, they would be empowered to carry out development programs which under the House measure would be undertaker by regular Federal establishments. # wdn=m COME students of the problem prefer the Mansfield bill to the | measure proposed by Senator Norris because they believe that the latter overemphasizes the importance of power production in re- | gional development and underem-

| phasizes the importance of planning [in advance of such development.

| Proponents of the Norris bill con- | tend that combination of planning and development functions within a single agency would make possible more effective operations than would be possible if the two func-

cies. Under the terms of both bills, the development of the Mississippi River would be left in the hands of the Mississippi River Commission in the War Department. The TVA would be designated as the agency for planning and development of the Tennessee River basin, but the Authority's jurisdiction would be extended to include the Cumberland River. Both bills direct the President, within six months, to create a Columbia Valley authority to operate the power plant at Bonneville Dam. The Norris and Mansfield bills

drainage basins of the Tennessee! have been vigorously oriticized in

and Cumberland Rivers, a fourth |

the besins of the Missouri River

many quarters. The United States Chamber of Commerce said that

In addition to establishing plan- | the Mansfield bill |

the functions both of the planning

tions were given to separate agen-

- .

Convriam 1897 ves

HIS does nol, mean America should not! lend her good offices to help stop the bloodshed and put an end to this particular menace to world peace—if and when a proper occasion arises, World peace is as much her business as it is anybody else's business. Her prosperity is tied up with world prosperity. But before she intervenes—if she does—she should make sure that her intervention will be in the general interest. Her only stake in Spain, at this writing, is peace and the prosperity that should follow world appeasement,

NEXT-—America and peace,

the two bills indicated “the amazing extent to which the Administration is ready to go in seizing for the Federal Government control of the country's natural resources.” Phillip H. Gadsden, chairman of the Committee of Utility Executives, declared that the Norris bill further developed the broad outline of a plan to “destroy and displace” the private

Second«Olass Matter Indianapolis,

| foxes, however | those in mid-July, is good enough to examine dead | foxes.

| so she doesn’t mind telling everything she knows

{ tinue, he spends the rest of his life moping. | that, vou can't do a thing with him, cays Miss Keene.

electric power industry. The two measures have, how- | ever, received the enthusiastic sup- | port of many social scientists, who | have given steadily increasing at- | tention in recent years to the concept of ‘regional government.” Current proposals, particularly as | embodied in the Mansfield bill, are | largely based on exhaustive study of | regional problems conducted in | 1935 by a special research staff of | the National Resources Committee, | headed by John M. Gaus, of the | University of Wisconsin. u n ” REGION is looked upon by many students as the ultimate solution to the problem raised by | the growing centralization of powers in the Federal Government. Most of these students believe that the abolition of state lines in favor of larger regional commonwealths is neither practical nor desirable; they don’t believe that regional agencies should be considered as political units having attributes of sovereign-

YY 2g DRIVERS

[4

By National Safety Council

Yoo NEVER ATCH M POLLING FOOLISH STUNT LIKE THAT,

STOP SIGNS

HERE are many kinds of stop signs. One kind is placed at the roadside with big letters reading “STOP.” Another type is often found right out in the middle of the street and it hasn't any reading at all. It may be the side of a truck. If you should fail to heed the worded sign, you will surely come to grief if you fail to notice the other kind. This timid soul, eyes and mind distracted, is about to stop quite suddenly! He was so busy looking that he didn't

PAGE 15

Our Town

By Anton Scherrer Indianapolis English Teacher, Whe Also Knew Her Biology, Found Gold In Operating Silver Fox Farm Mere,

HAT with the thermometer playing around 90 degrees these days, and the fact that our department stores always pick this time of year to inveigle the women into buying furs, it’s high time 1 was telling you something about Miss Amy Keene, a teacher in the George Washington High School Departe ment of English. About 15 years ago when everybody was feeling pretty good, or at any rate a little better than at present, Miss Keene got it into her head to start a silver fox farm just outside of Indianapolis. What's more, she did. Having a practical head, Miss Keene started with a pair of foxes for which she paid $1750 Honest. She didn’t mind the initial investment, however, because being a college graduate (M, A), she knew enough about biology and elementary arithmetic to know that if the foxes did their part, it would be more than enough to double her money I didn’t believe it, either, until Miss Keene exes plained the facts of life, A good, $1750 pair of sil« ver foxes, she sald, will have a litter of from five to seven babies every year, They will keep this up for 10 years, and they're rather accomodating about it, too, because another curious fox fact is that a prolific lit ter will repeat. When you couple these biological facts with the further disclosure that Miss Keene sold her first pelt for $700, and that she seldom let a fur go for less than $500, you are kind of impressed with the notion that Miss Keene knew what she was about when she tackled her fox farm,

Stay-at-Home Pelts

Miss Keene done with her Indianapolis her customers, columnist's zeal

Ind,

Mr. Scherrer

100

A to

sold over adventure I'm dying but I'm not going to must not get ahead of his good sense. Anyway, it's enough to say that Miss Keene went to a small (but select) party last winter, and believe it or not, six of the ladies present wore her silver foxes. It made her feel awful good, she says. The finest silver fox in Indianapolis, however, is the one Miss Keene wears herself It's a "sevens eighths” silver, and because it Is, she couldn't bear the thought of letting some other woman wear it. A lot of the silver foxes vou see, says Miss Keene, are “half silvers.” The better ones are “three quars ters.” When you get right down to it, every hair on a silver fox has three different colors, and it keeps you guessing, says Miss Keene

Best Buys Year Old

And here are some other things I'll bet you mens folks don’t know about the furs your wives are wearsing. A vear-old is the best buy. The best day to pick a fur is Dec. 20, because, for some reason, on that day

pelts lot of tell you

before she was pelts stayed in the names of After all, a

| and for a period of 10 days thereafter, a silver fox | seems charged with electricity and every hair on his

body stands on end. That only holds good for live Anv day of the vear, including even

Miss Keene isn't in the fox business anymore, and She got out of it sometime around 1929 when the bottom fell out of everything, including silver foxes. Aflrs planes had something to do with it, too. It's awful hard to run a fox farm with airplanes zooming overshead. The foxes go crazyv—sort of think the eagles are after them, says Miss Keene Miss Keene also explained the literary metaphor “faithful as a fox.” It doesn’t mean at all what most people think it means. “Faithful as a fox” means that a fox never contracts a second marriage. He stays with his first mate, and if the romance doesn't con= After

A Woman's View

By Mrs. Walter Ferguson Even Turkeys Can't Cope With

Grasshoppers, Vacationer Learns,

ACATION Notes: Our trip took us into the grasshopper zone. We found that reports about the hopper population had not been exaggerated. There's one thing to be said for the grasshopper—he never does things by halves. When he goes visiting he brings along the whole family and all his relatives by marriage, and he doesn't believe in week-end stays. He remains until he has eaten his host out of house and home, anc then moves on to the next place without invitation. The farmers have rigged up all sorts of contraptions to get rid of him, but so far nothing has dis« turbed his composure or diminished his appetite. The man at whose ranch we stopped had fastened a small wooden trough to the front of his automobile, put some oil in the bottom and stretched a strip of canvas just above it. We took turns driving about the place, and during our day's sojourn the trips netted us eight and a half bushels of giant hoppers. We measured them. That evening everybody went to the funeral, which was a public affair with one long grave to hold the victims. Reports have gone out that turkeys in sufficient numbers can allay the plague, by eating the pests, My host says this is a myth. When the hoppers first evinced a determination to camp with him, he turned 700 turkeys lose to browse in the garden. At first they seemed delighted, attacking the swarms with zest, but in half an hour they were the sorriest-look= ing lot of birds you ever saw. By the time each one had stripped two plants of their insect burdens, they were pretty sick turkeys. One old gobbler, famous for his capacity, gave a fine demonstration of fancy feeding for a while but when he happened to look up, and saw what was ahead of him, my friend said he seemed to give up. He walked over and leaned dejectedly against the fence, and hasn't gobbled from that day to this,

New Books Today

Public Library Presents—

N May 4, 1886, at a labor meeting held in Haye market Square, Chicago, a bomb was thrown, killing several police who raided the meeting. Who threw the bomb was never determined, though four men were hanged (a fifth, condemned to hang, com= mitted suicide) and thred® were imprisoned. In the annals of the labor movement this affair has loomed large. Antilabor forces have pointed to the bombing as a result of allowing labor to organize and radical elements to exist unmolested. Labor itself has variously attributed it to the reactionary portion of industry and to radicals to the left of the main body of American labor. On both sides has rankled bitterly the memory of the incident and its consequences, Henry David in THE HISTORY OF THE HAYMARKET AFFAIR (Farrar) painstakingly goes over the ground, sifting the body of fact and the greater mass of rumor, More important, and of greater in» terest to the layman, he traces the growth of the labor movement in America, its relation to the radical movements of Europe, the repressive measures that stirred the resentment of labor leaders, and the orgy of radical baiting which came in the wake of the Haymarket affair, The result is a scholarly and impartial study, which is of particular interest in the light of today's

events, 4