Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 12 August 1937 — Page 15
agabond|
From Indiana— Ernie Pyle
Big Dredge Chews Its Way Through Creek Bed for Two Weeks Before The Gold It Picks Up Is Collected.
AIRBANKS, Alaska, Aug. 12.—A geld dredge is an amazing thing—but not at all gold-like. Since probably half of Alaska’s gold is obtained by dredge, I'll tell you how one works. You all know what a dredge looks like.
Something like a Mississippi River steamboat. Well, to start with, they simply build a dam across the creek and form a big pond. Then they bring in the material and build the dredge right in this pond.
Then they start slowly up the
creek with it, gnawing away the oravel ahead. running it through the dredge, and spewing it out behind. Thus the dredge is constantly building a dam behind it-
self. and making its own advanc-
ing pond to float in. Sticking out in
ries the buckets that bring up the gravel. The average dredge
has from 60 to 80 of these steel | buckets, attached to a huge end-
Mr. Pyle
less chain. Each bucket weighs around three-quarters of a ton, and brings up about a third of a yard of gravel. The chain of buckets moves constantly. Going up, theyre full of gravel. At the top they dump it intc a big hopper. Then they go right on around without stopping, and hang upside down on their
way back to the creek botton for another mouthful. |
The gravel. when dumped, falls into a great cone-like steel cylinder inside the body of the dredge. The cvlinder lies horizontally, and has holes in the sides, and rotates constantly. A powerful stream of water hits the gravel as it falls into
from the muck surrounding each rock.
Old Method Best
Then the small rocks,
the big rocks slide out the end onto an endless belt, which carries them back behind the dredge and dumps them onto the pile of tailings. But the little stuff that went through the holes—it is washed into sluice boxes, where water rushes over it. From here on, the principle is the same as in the old-time prospectors sluice box. They've tried a lot
of ways to capture gold but the old sluice box, with its |
various modifications, seems best. The principle is simply this: Gold is heavier than rock or dirt or water. The gold particles drop to the bottom of the slanting sluice hox. They fall in behind rifles, placed every few feet. The water rushing through the box carries all the rock and mud away, leaving the gold in the box. In watching it, I just couldn't get it through my head why all the gold wasn't carried on out with the water and gravel. The water rushes through with such power, it seemed to me that anything so tiny as a gold-dust particle would float away in the stream.
Works 24 Hours a Day
Several engineers tried to explain it understood the principle but I couldn't believe it. one engineer finally got it over when he said: specific gravity of rock runs from 1': to 3. specific gravity of gold is 19. So you see how much heavier gold is.” A dredge works 24 hours a day, thousands of yards of gravel through. And how often ¢o vou think they stop to take out the gold? Every three hours? Once a dav? No—they stop every two
to me. 1
“The
weeks to get the gold. That's how little gold there is |
in a whole creek-bed full of gravel. But then a fellow has tc realize he could get $5000 worth of gold into a porridge bowl.
Mrs. Roosevelt's Day
By Eleanor Roosevelt
Storms Encountered on Trip, but
Rain Misses Scout Jubilee Session.
YDE PARK, N. Y.. Wednesday—If I took any | Jong drive these days without encountering at |
Jeast two storms. I should believe the weather had forgotten to continue in its usual way.
two storms on the way home.
Luckily while we were actually at the Girl Scout
Silver Jubilee encampment at Briarclif Manor, no rain fell.
countries floating on the hillside behind them. Some of the girls wore their native costumes. Others were in their Scout uniforms.
The ceremonies were well carried out and I was |
impressed by the number of girls from foreign countries who spoke very good English. T was also surprised at the abundant good locks. Health and youth
in themselves are beautiful, but many of the girls had
excellent features and lovely hair and eyes.
Such meetings as this surely must broaden our |
international understanding. Even in our own country, bringing together Girl Scouts from various sections will do a great deal for national unity. This morning Miss Rose Schneiderman, national president of the Women’s Trade Union League, came up from New York to see me. She was much disturbed over the action taken at the convention of the
Federation of Business and Professional Women in |
Atlantic City, in opposition to the women’s charter and in favor of the amendment for equal rights.
I am a member of the Business and Professional women's Federation, and I can quite see why they favor absolute equality between men and women. Professional women are trained workers, they compete on an equal basis, they need no protection.
Rut for the industrial workers the situation is entirely different, and T believe in the attitude which has always been taken by the Women's Trade Union league, which favors protection for women in industry. If the public really understood the situation, I am sure this question would be treated from the point of view of the realities, rather than as an accepted theory—which, though it may be a theory good enough in itself, has no relation whatsoever to the realities of the situation for the industrial woman worker. I wonder why the highiy trained business and professional women do not develop their imaginations sufficiently, so they can visualize this whole question from the point of view of another group of women. Before many vears go by, I think we will have a course in our schools designed to develop in students an ability to imagine conditions which they have never experienced. Some other friends came to lunch and we are about {o go for a swim. having decided that whether you get wet in the pool or whether water descends on you from above makes very little difference.
Walter O'Keefe—
F the Democrats aren't careful they're going to eat themselves right out of office. The President didn’t attend the harmony banquet the other night, so John Garner had to take the rap. with Mrs. Roosevelt attending the Girl Scout Jamporee, apparently F. D. R. is reading “Eat Alone and Like It.” The President was invited to the dinner, but friends say that he dian’t go because he didn’t want
io make a speech. He just couldn't look at those ;
Senators and say, “My friends.”
The next love feast probably will be staged in the
ring at Madison Square Garden. Senator Barkley sang “Wagon Wheels,” and while “Bing” Barkley may be hot stuff, iv would have been more appropriate if Governor Lehman had joined in a Guet singing “The You and Me That Usey to Be.”
front of the | dredge is the “ladder” which car-
the cvlinder, | washing it. breaking the little particles of gold loose |
and the mud and water and | gold, all fall through the holes in the cylinder, while |
But
The |
running these |
Yesterday we | ran into two storms on the way into New York and |
It was a lovely sight to see those young girls | come down the path into what they called the “Green | Cathedral” and sit in a circle. with the flags of their |
can |
I A Ie
mr
SH RT RY Se
The Indianapolis Times
Second Section
THURSDAY, AUGUST 12, 1937
Entered as Second-Class Matter Indianapolis,
at Postoffice,
PAGE 15
Ind.
What
(Third of a Series) By William Philip Simms
Yimes Foreign Editor ONDON, Aug. 12.—A very real, and by all odds the most amazing, menace to the peace of Europe is the bootless clash between Great Britain and Italy. It must be settled or there will be trouble. And today, at last, a settlement is in the air. Boiled down, the AngloItalian feud comes to this: Britain can’t quite reconcile herself to the rise of another imperial power alongside herself in the-Mediter-ranean and in Africa. And Italy insists upon just such recognition. There you have it. In its essence it is very simple. Yet wars have grown out of less and one can easily grow out of this. But if one does it will prove afresh that statesmen have learned little since 1914. It will demonstrate that, like succeeding generations of moths, they flutter round and round the consuming flame only to fly into it at last.
” n n
N order not to oversimplify matters, here is more of the background of the quarrel: Today, as always, the nations ol the world are divided into the Haves and the Have Nots. And, as ever, self-preservation is just as much a law of nations as it is of nature, In fact, it is the same thing. The Have Nots wish to make sure of an adequate supply of vital raw materials and food- | stuffs, and always they find the Haves barring the way. Then comes a day when the Have Nots feel they must expand or die, and there is war. Italy's Mussolini remarks that before Ethiopia she was among the Have Nots. Since the annexation, she has become a Have. Therefore she is eager for peace. She needs peace in which to deveiop her new empire. Furthermore, the Duce wishes to limit armaments, which in his opinion constitute a frightful waste of money when carried to extremes—money, which all nations could use to much better advantage. Above all, Italy does not wish trouble with Britain. She admits Britain could bottle her up. But she is also convinced she could block the Mediterranean, Britain's high-road to India and the Far East. But neither could be done without war and war would be fatal to both countries, perhaps to Europe and the world.
= ” 5
NOTHER war, the Duce told me, would destroy European civilization. Certainly Italy has nothing to gain by conflict, especially a conflict with England. All Italy asks, therefore, is that England face up to the facts, shake hands and abide by the pact both have already signed to respect the status quo in the Mediterranean basin. So the innocent bystander finds it difficult to understand why Britain and Italy aren't on good terms. Probe a little deeper, however, and here is what you find: : Britain was deeply humiliated by Italy as a result of the Ethiopian war. She tried to stop Italy. She rallied the League of Nations behind her and she imposed sanctions. Yet Italy won. Not only did she win but she did so in the very face of the British ficet dramatically concentrated in the Mediterranean. All this was nettling to British pride. It was especially so because it was pulled off before the eves of Britain's 400,000,000 colored subjects scattered around the globe. These millions had been trained to think of Britain
Ch
Benito Mussolini
Neville Chamberiain
The loss of prestige It was difficult
as imvincible. was appalling. to swallow. = n n
ODAY there is a new Roman Empire. It not only stretches three-fourths of the way across the Mediterranean Sea, but along that sea’s African shores and the shores of the Red Sea and the Indian Ocean. It flanks Britain's All-Red route from the Cape to Cairo. It shares with her the headwaters of the Nile. It, too, includes millions of colored subjects, hosts of Islam who. more and more, are beginning to hail the Duce as their new champion. This makes quite a change in Britain's outlook. Until well after the World War she virtually disregarded Italy in the larger affairs. Today, like it or not, Itaiy has become a major factor in Britain’s world and seeks recognition as such. By land. by sea and in the air, the new Italian empire is athwart, or on the flank of, the British Empire's lines of communication. Britain's $7.500.000,000 rearmament program, her moves in Spain and in the Mediterranean, in Palestine and elsewhere, have attested her anxiety.
NDER the circumstances, it is not difficult to see how hard it is for proud old Britannia to hold out her hand to the fellow who did this to her in front of all her subjects. Pride is the biggest and bitterest of all pills to swallow.
Italians have been {irmly convinced that Britain has been stalling in the hope that something would happen io spare her this anguish. But now the friendly note of Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain to 11 Duce. which evoked a quick and cordial response from Mussolini, appears to mark the beginning ot a rapprochement. If it does not—well, it has become an axiom here that Italy and England must be friends . . . or fight.
Next: Spain and Peace.
Side Glances
Bv Clark
COPR 1937 NEA
My new secretary takes dictation so fast I can’t keep up
| “1 have to arrange my letters before I gel to the office,
wig her.”
Drawn up in the magni
ance Has Peace In
London and Rome Must Be Friends or Fight, Simms Says
9?
ACRE ROR MOAN 52 2 RAS PTR 4 INR SI a iaeg
part in the celebration marking the anniversary of the founding of the “Italian Empire.” The celebration, held last May, observed the passing of one year since the conquest of
Ethiopia.
| senger had to pass through its portals.
which, there wasn't anything left do, but jump into the river,
Italian students celebrate the victory over Ethiopia.
See
TE ——
i
nn
rl
(=)
Italy began its conquest
of Ethiopia from the air.
The planes are shown as they
swept over the Aduwa sector, raining death on the villages below.
City Legislature’ Helps
Louisville Get
Its Bills Through State Hopper
In almost every state, nrban and rural delegations in Legislatures are frequently “at war.” Here is how the Mayor ef Louisville has solved the , roblem—as | described by Paul J. Hughes, City Hall | reporter for the Louisville Times.
\ To years ago, Mayor Neville | Miller of Louisville embarked ! upon the novel experiment of a min- | | jature “City Legislature”—a “uni- | | cameral” body set up to sift the best | | from the biennial crop of legislative | proposals affecting his city prior to | | the meetings of the Kentucky Legislature at Frankfort. Hailed as a success by press and public, Mayor Miller has now named | a second “Legislature.” It will have five months to draft a new legis-
|
lative program before the State body !
N the last biennium, the City “Legislature” considered more than 75 proposals, from which 21 separate bills were drawn and sent to Frankfort. Thirteen of these were enacted into law; eight were withdrawn or dropped. Topping the enacted program was a merit system for health and welfare workers which becomes effective in Seplember, a slatewide Housing Authority Law, a bill providing for a merger of city and county functions in Louisville which will be voled upon in 2 referendum this fall, and several laws simplifying municipal preeesses. ” ” ” “OR generations, the City of F Louisville has had difficulty in forcing purely City measures through the Kentucky Legislature because of the domination of the
|
|
|
. meets next January. Already in its | state body by rural representatives. |
| hopper are proposals affecting a | $5,000,000 bond issue for the Louis- | | ville Municipal Bridge, to cut the | | bridge toll from 25 cents to a dime, | to raise the Library Board's debt | limit, to change City tax assessment | | dates, to regulate amusement taxa- | tion, and a multitude of others. An- | | nually, the Committee gets many | pet peeves, wild ideas and impracti- | | cal suggestions, but now and then | | there are grains of common sense | | which are drafted into bills and sent ! to Frankfort at the opening of the | | session, a =" Ed { i HE “City Legislature” comprises | 32 members—24 men and eight | women. It mcludes lawyers, busi- | | nessmen, club women, social service workers, laborers, merchants, health | officials, school authorities, real] estate operators, newspapermen, | and plain “average citizens.” | Charles W. Morris, prominent Louisville lawyer, is chairman, and
| |
Invariably, measures sponsored by City representatives would be held back to the last, or used as clubs by out-state politicians to force legislation that they themselves wanted. Too often, City bills of acknowledged merit died in the legislative jam toward the end of the session. Under Mayor Miller's new plan, the State Assembly is no longer bombarded with a haphazard assortment of all manner of bills. The City Legislative Committee has “first shot” at all such proposals, and is able through slow and patient work to feel out actual public
sentiment and detect flaws in sug- |
HOT AIR RADIO—
By Science Service WICKAU, Saxony, Aug. 12.—A radio receiver which obtains its
power from neither electric light nor
the “Legislature” functions through batteries has been invented here.
weekly sessions at which it acts on
The device generates its electricity
reports of numerous subcommittees | from a hot air motor and burns ordi-
holding such subjects as banking and revenue, crime prevention, edu- | cation, elections and registration, | | housing, insurance, real estate and | | assessments, relief, taxation, traffic. | ete. Late in the year, a special drafting committee will whip into| | legislative shape such proposals
nary petroleum oil. A liter of petroleum provides for 24 hours of operation. The invention supplies direct current with a wide range of voltage, according to the German Railroads information center. There is no noise to the apparatus
as |and it requires little attention Blt J
receivggthe “Legislature's” approval. | er the wick is lighted.
|
| | |
| day” | through the mill with a minimum
gested bills delegation—four Senators and eight Representatives—is able to go to Frankfort with a well-balanced program, and to tell other law-makers what it includes and why! Also: (1) The entire program may be introduced on the first “bill at Frankfort and started
of delay; (2) advance discussion may be had with out-state members of the State Legislature, and (3) factional considerations are eliminated because the ‘folks back home in Louisville” already have had a chance to speak their minds fully.
er .
By National Safety Council
L DIDN'T GET HER LICENSE NUMBER, OFFICER BUT SHE HAD ON A DUCKY LITTLE FITTED JACKET, PRINT DRESS, A SCOOP-BRIM HAT,
GET THAT NUMBER
yn there has been an accident involving your car and another one, be sure to give your name and license number and also take down the other driver’s name and license number. To get his number is important for sometimes people give fictitious names. Do not rely on memory or on your powers of observation; it isn't the kind of clothes a motorist wears, but the kind of numbers the car swears” that often identifies the driver. Get names of witnesses, goo—that’s important.
\
| of years longer and then looked for a | to develop his talents. | bought the streetcar company, introduced three-cent
Finally, the Louisville |
ur Town
'By Anton Scherrer
Transfer Car Days Grief Recalled; Chronicler Remembers That Even President Dodged the Contraption.
CAN'T remember when I first saw the old transfer car in Washington St., but I distinctly recall that it was there in 1887, I'm sure of it, because that was the year
| Grover Cleveland visited Indianapolis, and
I remember that prior to his coming, there was a lot of talk about moving the old landmark to permit Mr. Cleveland to drive down the middle of Washington St., as befitted a President of (he United
States Well. the way things worked out, the old transfer car wasn't moved, with the result, uf course, that the parade that day wasn't the success it might have been. Anyway, it came like something of a shock to us boys to see the President have to get out of the way of a streetcar. It was hard on Jack Willis, too, I remember. Mr. Willis, with the help of C. F. Schmidt's six best brewery horses, had the job of hauling Mr. Cleveland around Indianapolis that day, and certainly he had enough to do without having a transfer car put in his way. Maybe you youngsters don't know what I'm talking about. All right, I'll start at the beginming, The old transfer car was a stationary streetcar that stood in the middle of Washington St. about 50 feet east of Illinois St. It had four doors, two on each side to permit entrance and exit, Every fransferring pas= There wasn't any way of getting around it. The doors, I remember, were worked by overhead levers, which, in turn, were operated by officials in fancy uniforms who called
Mr. Scherrer
| out the names of the cars as they went by.
How It All Came About
Joe Cochran, I remember, was one of these men in uniform, and he was uncommonly good because he had a voice that cut right through the stifling and almost unbearable atmosphere, I saw Mr. Coch= ran the other day, and except for the fact that he wasn't in a uniform, he looked just like he did 40 years ago. I guess it was Tom L. Johnson who invented the transfer car. Mr. Johnson came to Indianapolis by way of Louisville in 1877 to take charge of our streetcar system. He wasn't a day over 22 years old. Up to that time he had invented a steel rail and an automatic fare box which was so slick that it did away with conductors. The idea of a transfer car remained to be born in Indianapolis, however. It wasn't as easy as you think. though, because right at the start, Mr. Johnson ran into a snag. At any rate, Mr. Johnson hardly had his transfer car set in place when the Mayor dug up an ordinance prohibiting any vehicle, without horse or mule attached, to stand in the street for any length of time, The law was broad enough to include even the peanut man,
He Hitches Up Mule!
I'll give you three guesses how Tom got around it. Give up? He hitched a mule to one end of the stationary car, and let it stand there until it was time to be relieved by another mule, thus fulfilling not only the spirit, but the letter of the law. After for the Mayor to Evervbody winked an
| eye, after that. and Mr, Johnson operated the trans-
fer car without mules. Mr. Johnson hung around Indianapolis a couple bigger place He landed in Cleveland, fares, became a Congressman, and ended Mayor of the town. That's another story. however, As for the transfer car. it lasted until 1894. the vear Indianapolis had the G. A. R. encampment. Believe it or not, the old landmark had to go because of a public demand to have an unobstructed view of Washington St. on the day of the parade.
up being
ee A Woman's View By Mrs. Walter Ferguson
Tourists Find Garden City, Kas., Tries
Level Best to Live Up to Its Name.
ACATION NOTES—Garden City, Kas.. makes a hrave effort to live up to its name. Set down in the midst of a barren land, the approach to it is anything but charming. Once inside, however, the yards and parkings are gay with marigolds, calendulas and zinnias. The town takes great pride in its beauty spots, and in its center is a park green as a desert oasis, with a newly built shell for concerts. I could have wept to see the giant cottonwoods which have stood so long in a stately row, like proud sentinels guarding treasure, now bare of leaves and obviously dying. There is something very tragic in the sight of dead trees, especially in this arid place where their verdant grace symbolizes hope and life, For years these cottonwoods have been a landmark. They should certainly be replaced Garden City says it has the largest concrete swimming pool in the United States. A large sign also promises the traveler that-he can obtain there the best-tasting sweet potatoes in the whole world. I like yams better. Dodge City—What fascinating history-making went on hereabouts! Gazing out over the wide plains it is easy to imagine the great herds that once moved slowly over the earth; the echo of their thundering hooves haunts the winds that blow here. Real cowboys, not the tawdry synthetic article, rode these prairies. They were the first crooners, and the night was fiNed with their ditties. While the herds slept they watched and sang and dreamed under the stars, These ancient streets have echoed to the sound of sudden gunfire. Outlaws, renegades, bold and valiant men sleep side by side in the famous cemetery. They lived deeply and bravely and died with their boots on. A questionable gift of fortune, in my opinion. As we parked in front of the Harvey House for lunch a man approached and said: “Beiter lock your car up good, lady. Sixteen convicts broke out of Canon City last night. They're headed in this direction, we hear.” What more fitting welcome could Dodge City have given us? Close watch for the bandits was kept during the remainder of the day by our Tomboy, who expected the whole 16 to appear in a body and was vastly dis appointed that we had no sight of them.
New Books Today
Public Library Presents—
HEN, as recorded in the annals of American his tory, the Westward expansion moved into the Rocky Mountains, the military forces, invading the wilds to conquer and control, found a hardy race of men already there—men familiar with every range and river, adroit in dealing with Indians and wild beast, able to guide and direct the official exploration. These were the fur trappers, the “mountain men,” a breed of heroes, not by intention or profession, but only in the nature of the circumstance and as a part of their day’s work. Meeting once a year at a summer rendezvous under the direction of William Henry Ashley, these trappers spent the rest of the time alone or with a few champions in the wilderness, harvesting the fur, fighting Indians, and enduring incredible hardships. In MOUNTAIN MEN (Houghton), Stanley Vestal catches the glamour of the old West and in a vigorous style imprisons between the covers of his book Jim Bridger, Tom Fitzpatrick, Jedediah Smith, David Jackson, Etienne Provost and the rest of the famous “mountain men.”