Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 28 July 1937 — Page 11

RET

Yagaho

From Indiana— Ernie Pyle

$1600 Worth of Furs Is Year's Catch For Alaska's 4 Feminine Trappers; Pity for Marten Makes Job Hard.

T. YUKON, Alaska, July 28.—On their annual trip into Ft. Yukon the four women trappers of Berglundville, to whom I introduced you yesterday, are a sight for Eastern eyes.

They come 280 miles down the river in

two motorboats, pushing a small scow ahead of them. The boats are open, and at night the women camp on shore in tents. The boats carry the winter's catch of furs. Also boots, and bedding, and personal belongings. Also seven rifles. And 22 husky dogs. They must bring their dogs and guns and clothes with them--for there is nobody in Bergiundviile Eo but themselves, no house but the “». Berglund house. 3 For nearly a decade, the years have gone like this for Mrs. Maud © Berglund and her three daughters: As soon as they return from Ft. Yukon to their cabin, 280 miles up river, they start a busy season of picking and canning berries and wild fruit. And they catch salmon with a fish wheel, and dry it and store it for winter feed for the dogs.

They repair their dog sleds, and the harness, and get the traps in order, and store and pack the four tons of supplies they purchased in Ft. Yukon. When the fall freeze-up comes, they cut ice from the river and store it in the ice well. They'll kill a moose apiece, and fry steaks and then freeze the steaks.

And then in the late fall, when the snow is on and the season opens, they'll start their real winter's work —five months of lonely running of traplines.

200 Miles to Cover

They have more than 200 miles of traplines, along which are scattered some 400 traps. John Roberts and one girl travel together. Mr, Roberts is the long-whiskered old man who nine years ago tapped Mrs. Berglund on the shoulder and gave her the opportunity to do something besides jump into the Yukon River. He has trapped with them for nine years, and although he is now aged and shaky he can still shoot as straight as a G-Man and tramp behind the dogs all day. Every 15 miles or so they have a log cabin. It is only about 10 feet square, and the door is so low you have to crawl in. They try to reach a cabin each night, but sometimes they don't, They are away from home from four to 10 days each trip. And on the return visits at home they stay only a day or two. “How do you kill the ones that aren't already dead?” I asked. “We have to shoot the wolves, lynx and wolverine,” she said. “The others are smaller, and we rap them on the head with a club.” The Berglund girls hate wolverines. They say they are mean and vicious, and will fight you to the last breath. But it’s the marten that get under Mrs. Bergluna’s skin,

Soft Heart Hardship

“They cross their little paws above their heads, and look up at you so pitifully, it's all I can do to hit one of them,” she said. “When I first went up, I said I was going to save pelts and have myself a fine marten coat. But I don’t want one now.” And what do the four women trappers make from all this work? Well, here is last winter's catch—12 mink, 15 lynx cats, 11 wolves, two ermine, 31 marten, and one wolverine, These brought about $1600. Their supplies for the coming year run them about $600, They make a profit of $1000. Some years they do a little better; other years they barely make “grubstake,” as they call it. But on the whole, they're keeping well ahead of the

game.

Mrs. Roosevelt's Day

By Eleanor Roosevelt

Mr. Pyle

Lightning Storm Brings Thoughts Of Nature's Power to First Lady.

YDE PARK, N. Y., Tuesday—On the way home yesterday afternoon, I drove under the most threatening sky I have ever seen. For just a little while the lightning played%all about me in a way I do not remember since my childhood when I watched thunderstorms across the Hudson River from the Catskill Mountains. There is something very awe-inspiring about these demonstrations of nature. It is as though she were trying to say to us: “See how little and unimportant you are. If I really wanted to, I could wash you away with my rain or strike you down with my lightning.” One understands why it always has been necessary for human beings to have a God to whom to pray when this menacing side of nature shows itself. A pile of mail was on my desk, but before I could get through it, I had to go out to see the work done on the trees around the house in my absence. Such cleaning up I have never seen! It is perfectly remarkable and I begin to think that some day we may be tidy. I know one could live forever in the country and always have an occupation, but I have a passion for having things neat and in order and now that begins to look possible. I finished a book called “Precious Bane,” by Mary Webb, the other night. There is much vigor in the writing and the author is so close to nature in her own feeling for it that she sometimes gives you the sensation that her characters are almost a part of the surrounding countryside. At least the influence of the country on the characters is very evident. The story is a mixture of tragedy and happiness, just as life always is. The girl who felt herself cursed by her “physical deformity, evolves a philosophy which brought her the good fortune which eventually was hers. I think many will read this book and enjoy it, others will find it too gloomy and perhaps object to the fact that it moves slowly, much as life in that environment always moves. One of the readers of my column wrote to thank me for mentioning William J. Locke's “The Town of Tambarel,” because she had known him and liked his books, but had not read this one before. In return she told me of a book which she thought I would enjoy, called “The City of Bells,” by an English author, Elizabeth Goudge. I am most grateful to her, for I am enjoying it very much. In the beginning there is a description of a grandmother meeting her grandson, back from the Boer war at the age of 26. He has made a good reputation as a soldier, but never will walk again withou . This is what she says: ae a dunp “I am sorry about your leg, but as I said to your grandfather, it is a mercy it wasn't your stomach or your brain. Given belief in God, a good digestion and a mind in working order, life's still a thing to be grateful for.” She must, have been a delightful old lady. She has that quality which makes you wish your book char- © acters could be alive so that you could talk to them.

Walter O'Keefe —

Pome BARTHOLOMEW, Hollywood's unshaven Robert Taylor, has quit his job because they won't raise him from $1100 to $2500 a week. I think he deserves the raise. He's one movie lady-killer who's got his own head of hair. Freddie was brought up wrong in England. With the British attitude toward debts being what it is, he took it for granted that Americans just love to give the English all the money they want. His legal fee was $25,000, which proves our American lawyers ran true to form. They took him for plenty, For that amount of money, though, it's surprising that they couldn't find a way to incorporate his dimples and curls. What with lawyers, taxes and relatives, those kid actors certainly have their worries. I hear that Cecile Pionne, the quintuplet who handles the’ money, is getting a little gray around the es.

Lr -

WEDNESDAY, JULY 28, 1937

Entered at Postoffice.

as Second-Class Matter Indianapolis, Indi

PAGE 11

Hitler at the Crossroads

By WILLIAM PHILIP SIMMS

Times Foreign Editor

tory.

At the moment, she is headed toward autarchy, toward national self-sufficiency. No impartial observer here, however, believes that she can get away with it. And failure means that sooner or later she will “explode,” deliberately or otherwise. She may “explode” by choice in a desperate effort to escape from the isolation which she herself has invited. Or she will “explode” involuntarily, from within, as a result of steadily increasing internal stresses. 8 2 »

ERMANY is consuming her fat. She is living on her capital. And there is a limit beyond which she cannot go in that direction without consequences disastrous to herself and the world.

Without foreign credit, her colossal expenditures are being financed by the legerdemain of Dr. Schacht. Again and again he passes his wand over the German hat and pulls out rabbits. And some day the supply of rabbits must give out. For, despite appearances, the conjurer isn't really creating rabbits. Economists insist that Germany can never be economically self-contained. At least not as long as she remains within her present boundaries. She will continue to lack food and raw materials, which will have to be imported. What she can do is to make herself self-contained for the duration of a war—provided it is

(First of a Series)

ERLIN, July 28.—Germany is headed toward the most momentous decision in all her tempestuous postwar his-

She must choose one of three paths: 1. She can go ahead with the Chinese Wall of autarchy with which she is now trying to surround herself, and seek to shut herself off completely from the rest of the world. 2. She can “explode,” as her Economic Minister Dr. Hjalmar Schacht once said she might do, and amid the dust and smoke thus created try to grab more territory. 3. She can make up her mind to stop juggling dynamite and proceed to play ball profitably and in peace with the rest of the world, both politically and economically.

a comparatively short war. And that is the real secret behind her present activities. She is utilizing her capital and she is bleeding the country white to put herself on a war basis. With what purpose can only be surmised. ® = »

N order to transfcrm herself into one huge intrenched camp, ready for conflict, Germany is spending untold billions. She is undertaking at one time several things, any one of which would tax the resources of a country twice as rich. Her public works program, her rearmament schedule and her new Four-Year Plan all call for expenditures unheard of for size outside the United States. .To obtain necessary raw materials, industry and exports are subsidized by all manner of strange devices making it possible for German goods to be dumped abroad to the vast detriment of healthy world trade. To obtain necessary additional foreign exchange, Germans are being forced to exchange their foreign securities for German marks or their equivalent—the penalty for evasion being death.

" # 8

OT only is capital being steadily depleted, but real wages are falling, which, of course, means a steady drop in the standard of living of the German people. Emphasizing the “intrenched camp” idea, a significant shift has been made in the national objective. Until last year, food production was the main thing. Today food production has been subordinated to the production of war materials—both “ersatz” and the

Nagi Outlays Seen Sapping Resources of Capital

real thing—like gas, oil, rubber and so on. Adolf Hitler's regime, therefore, is necessarily approaching a showdown. It has been demonstrated that it can't quite produce enough food to feed Germany's 68 million people in case of a blockade. And its leaders have now experimented sufficiently to know that, even with the best army in the world, it could not possibly wage a long war. » ” »

ERMANY simply cannot survive either in peace or a long war as an isolated state. The Reich insists on colonies. The demand will grow louder as time goes on. But even were she to be handed back every foot of ground lost at Versailles, it would not solve her problem. She still could not achieve the autarchy she seeks. Her peace-time position can be somewhat improved but, without an adequate fleet, in war she would be cut off from colonial raw material with the first boom of a gun. The Feuhrer must soon make up his mind, one way or the other. His regime is too costly to keep going forever on the present basis. His option seems to be narrowing down to a choice between a sudden, desperate effort to acquire additional territory close to home, and making peace with his neighbors.

NEXT-—Is Berlin's pattern following Moscow's?

By L. A. HE Committee for Industrial Organization, claiming 1100 members in 14 City departments, has presented Mayor Kern with a list of demands, including wage adjustments. The union also asked a grievance committee for each department; seniority; recognition as exclusive bargaining agency; 40-hour, fiveday week; two weeks vacation with pay; guarantee of year-round employment and six annual holidays with pay. Mayor Kern indicated that pay increases were being planned for lower-bracket employees, but not to the extent asked by the C. I. O. He said the City was following a policy announced by President Roosevelt— that Government employees could organize but could not bargain col-

lectively or strike. = o LJ

HEN John L. Lewis announced oh July 12 that his OC. I. O. planned a ‘vigorous campaign of organization” among state county and c'y employees, he moved with his customary aggressiveness into a field in which complete unionization is as yet unknown and in which he may encounter certain barriers set up by state and local laws. For years, many classes of Federal employees have been quite thoroughly organized. For years, too, schoolteachers and fire-

fighters have had large and powerful organizations of their own, It was not, however, until last Oct. 16 that the A. F. of L. granted a charter to the “American Federation of State, County and Municipal Em. ployees.” This organization, which plans to include all public employees not heretofore organized under the A. F. of L. banner, has yet to cast its first vote in a national A. F. of L. convention, so the C. I. O,, in a very real sense, is coming in on “the ground floor.” Mr. Lewis already has organized his United Federal Workers, which proposes to do battle with A. F. of L. unions in the Federal governmental field As in the C. I. O. Federal union, he announced that strikes and picketing will be barred from his new “State, County and Municipal Workers of America,” and that the membership will exclude policemen, fireman, military forces and schoolteachers,

" ” Ld

N eliminating police departments from his new organization, Mr. Lewis bows to a public and official prejudice that has been well-estab-lished since the Boston police strike in 1919. It was during that strike that President Wilson used these words: “The obligation of a policeman is

Side Glances

By Clark

, §

».

"See that young Stafford Jr. does not remove that hat. promised his mother he wouldn't come home from camp covered with freckles."

. BY NEA YT. M. REC. U. 8. PAT,

C. I. O. Municipal Employees’ Union ‘Moves In’ on City of Indianapolis

as sacred and direct as the obligation of a soldier. . . . A strike of the policemen of a great city, leaving that city at the mercy of an army of thugs, is a crime against civilization.” After that strike, the A. F. of L. advised associations of policemen not to affiliate with it, and Congress enacted a law specifically forbidding District of Columbia police from affiliating with any organization using the strike as a weapon to enforce its demands. ” ” ”

N the absence of a legal prohibition, however, most organizations of Federal employees have agreed voluntarily to refrain from strikes.

Many states and municipalities are not so lenient in the matter. Many such subdivisions require an absolute pledge not to strike of their policemen, firemen, teachers, and other employees. Such rules merely recognize and extend the doctrine advanced’ in 1919 by the then Governor Coolidge of Massachusetts: “There is no right to strike against the public safety by anybody, at any time, anywhere.” Notwithstanding such prohibitions, imposed by statute or voluntarily accepted. Strikes among certain classes of public employees have arisen, among the more recent examples being the walkout of garbage collectors in Bridgeport, Conn.; of street department employees in Buffalo, N. Y., and of municipal electrical workers in Chicago. The uniform experience in such strikes to date has been that they have been of short duration and of little significance. It has been estimated that some 2,000,000 persons are now employed by all state and local governmental units. The field for organizing effort will be sharply curtailed, however, by the elimination of policemen, firemen, teachers and the military from the proposed C. I. O. organization. The newly chartered A. F. of L. union is reported to have a “substantial membership,” the exact number not being obtainable because of a standing policy against revealing such figures. The announcement from C. I. O. headquarters stated that the new State, County and Municipal Workers of America will start with a “nucleus” of some 15,000 members. Acting as liaison officer for the C. I. O. in this new movement, as well as in the field of Federal employees, is Dennie Lewis, 48, a brother of John L., who has the same bushy eyebrows as the latter but not his physical bulk or oratorical flair. ” ” ” ENNIE LEWIS, one of six brothers, became a coal miner in Illinois at 15, joined in union politics, and was a local officer of the United Mine Workers before he was made director of the Illinois Department of Mines and Minerals by Governor Small. Later he was assistant director of the U. S. Employment Service. : In 1933 he became attached to the general headquarters staff of the

Girls are encouraged to learn also plowing and farming. to do men’s work—like the group when the men are called to war.

not only cooking and sewing, but

The Government wants them to be able

at right in the top photo—if and That's also why the girls’ schools

give careful attention to air raid drills such as the gas-masked women students in the lower photo take part in.

Hull's Diplomacy Credited With Averting ‘Crisis’

By RAYMOND CLAPPER

Times Special Writer ASHINGTON, July 28.—During all of this clatter about the Supreme Court and the Senate leadership which has had Washington standing first on one ear and then the other, Secretary of State

Hull has been sawing wood, quietly, persistently and effectively. No one has had much time for foreign affairs during this period and perhaps that has been a good thing. Because while everyone else was busy punching and being punched in the domestic battle royal, Secretary Hull was free to work without having a swarm of kibitzers breathing down his neck. First has been the Far Eastern crisis. With the potentialities of a major war. Secretary Huil has been working quietly, in collaboration with other governments, to impress upon both - Japan and China the dangers in the situation and the necessity of keeping the trouble localized. Without doubt his representatives have had much to do with encouraging the restraint with which both parties have conducted themselves toward nations not directly involved.

” ” »

T the height of the tension, an incident occurred which might easily, with less careful handling, have had a provocative effect. It was the incident in which Japanese guards drove two young American women away from the American embassy grounds. The exact facts are in dispute, but they always are in such incidents. That never restrains a hot-headed government from making an international issue if it is so disposed, and Secretary Hull could have stirred up trouble overnight by seizing upon the treatment of these two young women as the basis of a blustering lecture to Japan.

Instead, this Government asked

the American Embassy in Tokio to |’

handle the matter, to investigate and to take it up with the Jepanese Government. An apology was made and the incident was closed.

ULL policy also is having some interesting ‘effects, upon Germany. During the Far Eastern crisis the new German Ambassador, Hans Dieckhoff, called on Secretary Hull to say that Germany was keeping hands off and was in

sympathy with the efforts of this !

United Mine Workers, and in recent | that

years he has served as a confidential assistant to John L., whom he refers

to tually as “the boss.”

utterances of Mr. Hull and Undersecretary Welles regarding the European situation.

The burden of these utterances has been that another war would be a world-wide calamity and that statesmen on both sides must find some way of adjusting their conflicts peaceably. Mr. Hull and Mr. Welles emphasized that no nation can be expected to endure a treaty of revenge indefinitely, that its legitimate needs must be taken into consideration, and that if existing treaties do not provide for recognition of them, readjustments must be made. Plainly this was a suggestion to Germany’s old enemies that in the interest of preventing another war, concessions ought to be made which would relieve the economic pressure on Germany and other starved nations.

” 2 #

ANY have regarded another European war as inevitable and have thought the United States might as well realize that and begin getting itself lined up with the democracies immediately. Secretary Hull apparently refuses to concede that hope of a settlement has gone, and in the interests of both sides as well as ourselves he is trying to introduce the basis of a conciliatory adjustment.

Ya '

BY NATIONAL SAFETY.COURCIR

HE TOOK THAT CORNER AS \F HE EXPECTED IT WOULD STRAIGHTEN OUT! 1

HE'LL BE THE ONE TO STRAIGHTEN OUT--..AT THE pr HOSPITAL /

A TURN FOR THE WORSE ELL, well, it certainly looks like “dirty work at the cross 2” all because Jittery Jim ] ‘a hurry he Soulaws slow

Qur Town

By Anton Scherrer

Information From the South Side Prompts Opinion That Architects Aren't Keeping Up With the Pigeons,

SOUTH SIDE cynic, who keeps track of my movements, took me to task the other day for saying that the Most Rev, Catholic Bishop of Indianapolis and the Rt. Rev. Msgr. Noll are having the devil's own time keeping the pigeons out of the Corin thian capitals on their new Cathedral. To embarrass me, he insisted that, once upon a time, I said that Indianapolis pigeons don’t feed on classic architecture. So I did. I remember the circumstances perfectly. Observations covering a period of 40 years, I said, point to a conviction that Indianapolis pigeons, given a choice, will select those architectural styles which, starting circa 476 A. D. with the fall of the Western Empire, terminated circa 1420 A. D. with the birth of the humanistic movement. Indeed, I went even further and pointed out that, given the whole gamut of architectural activity, Indianapolis pigeons will concentrate, to the exclusion of every=thing else, on the paltry thousand years which the Byzantine, Romanesque and Gothic styles represent.

Examples to the Point

Mr. Scherrer

To give point to my remarks at the time, I also remember saying that a fertile field for observing this phenomenon is our own University Park, the northern half of which is particularly rich in architectural styles. A memorial dating back to Mausolus of Halicarnassus (circa 373 B. C.), a Romanesque church (circa 1132 A. D.), a Gothic church (circa 1380 A. D.) a clubhouse incorporating basic elements of the Italian Renaissance (circa 1510 A. D.) and a modern office building (circa 2 Before the Crash) set up a field unsurpassed for studying the tastes of pigeons. Given this esthetic feast, the pigeons, I said, pass up the classic, the Italian Renaissance, and the modern, to feed upon the Romanesque and Gothie churches.

I didn’t burn all my bridges behind me, however, because in the same breath I said that a pigeon will sometimes evince a predilection for a juicy bit of Spanish’ Renaissance, or even a succulent piece of late classic known as Corinthian. To be sure, I also said that it wasn’t anything to worry about, and maybe that’s where IT made my mistake.

No Retraction Here

On the other hand, I don’t retract anything. I still insist that, given their choice, Indianapolis pigeons will turn down classic architecture any day for the richer feast of Romanesque eating. The rea« son pigeons are worrying Bishop Ritter and Msgr. Noll at present is not because they want to, or hecause they especially like Corinthian capitals, but because there isn't anything else to do. Half a loaf is better than none, and nobody knows it better than Indianapolis pigeons.

Come to think of it, I don’t know how long it's been, but it's been an awful long time, since we've had a new Romanesque or Gothic building in the pigeon-infested area. In the meantime we've had several in the classic style. In the meantime, (00, the pigeons have gone on propagating, because that happens to be their way. Indeed, when you get right down to it, there's nothing left to believe but that our architects haven't kept up with our pigeons.

A Woman's View

By Mrs. Walter Ferguson

At Risk of Humbuggery Charge,

Feminist ''Sermonizes'' on Morality.

“ IGARET stubs, an empty whisky bottle and a powder puff were on the table near the bed occupied by the dead woman.”

The usual accompaniment to the average newspaper story of murder or suicide these days, that sentence. So commonplace we hardly notice it any more. And anyone who brings up the subject to sermonize is charged with humbuggery. Nevertheless, here goes. j Powder puff—harmless item, as necessary to a woman's toilet as her toothbrush, but signifying the conquest of the physical over the spiritual, the glorie fication of the body to the neglect of the character. Cigaret stubs—harmless too, no doubt. Smoking has become so universal it’s considered a social faux pas to frown upon it, putting the frowner in a class with Carrie Nation and Savonarola. Whisky—again harmless, if used in small enough doses, but a tragic reminder that some women are bartering their birthright for a very dirty mess of pottage. In trying to drink with the men they swale low a death potion. All this is a little tiresome, I suspect. Moralizing is generally regarded as a breach of good manners. Isn't it true besides that multitudes of women smoke, drink and live for the glory of their bodies and seem to get along very well? Nobody can deny it. But nobody can deny either that the weaklings of their kind, emulating their example, do not get along, but go under, ending in sanitariums or brothels, and that scores of these forlorn, pitiful creatures choose death in preference to such a way of life. If this be freedom what a sorry thing it is! Today there is no dividing line between the behavior of the moral and the immoral woman, no way of distinguishing the good girl from the bad, and assuredly the erstwhile dames of the demimonde have won a glorious victory.

New Books Today

Public Library Presents—

1= Indian is an important part of Americana. Yet to most of us his religion is a mass of superstitions, and his customs barbaric. John Louw Nelson presents the sublime faith, the surpassing dignity, and the patterned beauty of Indian life in RHYTHM FOR RAIN (Houghton). Kyawveshva, of the Hopi Indians, grows to young manhood, steeped in their traditions, schooled in their rituals, the dominant ones being the songs and prayer= dances, given in unfaltering faith, for rain—rain, on which their harvest depends and consequently their lives. On the verge of manhood Kyawveshva’s faith and that of all his clan is terribly tried during the time of great drought, two years of burning sky and burning sands with thirst and famine at its worst. At last, after many people have perished, the rains come, The description of the sweeping waters and the revival of the people is intensely dramatic. It has rhythm, like man-made music, like Nature’s music of wind and rain. ” » ”

LDOUS HUXLEY'’S latest collection, THE OLIVE TREE (Harper), is a group of 16 familiar essays, varying in length and dealing with many subjects. Vigorous, penetrating, often caustic and cynical, Mr. Huxley is a splendid antidote for a sluggish brain. Particularly interesting are the two essays on Thomas Huxley and D. H. Lawrence. Millions of words have been written on these men; yet in a few brief pages Mr. Huxley has summed up their special abilanalyzed their philosophies, and shown us why wrote as they did. Likewise in “Literature and itions” a few pertinent remarks interspersed i ‘illustrations have brought home more many a lengthy tract some of the abpresent educational system.

i ae a