Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 23 July 1937 — Page 17

Vagabond

From Indiana — Ernie Pyle

Yukon Nearly Killed Heinie, Veteran Woodcutter From Chicago, but He

Couldn't Be Blasted Out of Alaska. |

HEEP CREEK, Alaska, July 23.—The | Yukon very nearly killed Heinie Miller this spring, and yet you couldn’t get him out of here in the wilderness, where Sheep Creek runs into the Yukon, for 37 years. Lived here alone in a cabin, with nothing around but trees and Indians and wild animals and the big outdoors. And him originally a city feller, too, born and raised in Chicago. MH» has never been “outside” since the day he came 37 years ago. “Hell, no, and I ain't goin’ out. I didn’t lose nothin’ down in the States I have to go back after,” Heinie says. We stopped at Heinie's woodpile along the river bank early in the morning. We had heard about his catastrophe before we got there. The ice breakup had played havoc with Heinie's home and his woodpile. It was still a mess, just as the surging waters left it. Heinie, and the Indians who work for him, cut about 700 cords of wood each winter. They stack it on the river bank, to feed the fireboxes of the Yukon steamers during the summer. By spring their year’s work is done—piled in beautiful rows along the river bank. But this vear nature took a hand. The breaking ice was pushed far up the bank, and then flood waters came rushing out on top of it, and crushed everything before them. Heinie saw the flood break, and started running. He got less than a hundred yards when it was up to his waist, so he climbed a tree. He stayed in the tree two hours. Then the lree started to go, and Heinie got down and waded in water up to his shoulders, toward the woodpile. He made the top of the woodpile, and there he was marooned for 16 hours. It was just above freezing, and pouring rain. Ten feet of water all around him, and the wood liable to go floating down the river any minute, The water suddenly went down, as fast as it rose, and Heinie got off the woodpile at 4 a. m.

Not Even a Cough

He started walking to a trapper’s cabin, two and a half miles away. He was so done up it took him six hours to make the trip. He thought sure he'd catch pneumonia and die. He dried out and stayed with the trapper two days. “And darned if I even got a cough out of it,” he says. But even so, nature served Heinie pretty badly. He lost around 100 cords of wood (at $8 a cord). And his new log house, which he just finished last year, was swept off its foundation and tipped over. His radio was ruined, and his ice box and stov and all his tools. He says he never will find lots © his stuff. It'll take all summer to rebuild the cabin. One of the pilots on our boat said, “You better move out and go to California to live.” And Heinie says, “By — — no, I love this country and I'm gonna stay right here and die right here.” He says getting washed out is all in the day's work, and he loves it up here because youre so free. “This country’s so big and there's so few people in it,” he says. “That's what makes it so free.”

Getting Along in Years

Heinie is getting along in years. His clothes are old and not too clean, which could be said of almost everybody who lives in the woods. He needs a shave, and a large brown string of tobacco juice trickles down each side of his whiskery chin. His eves areas blue as the sky. about so many of these men up here. But Heinie's eves are going bad. He said he couldn’t see our boat till it got right up close to shore. He has a cataract, and he's scared to death hell have to go to Seattle for an operation.

Mrs. Roosevelt's Day

By Eleanor Roosevelt

First Lady Sure Amelia Met Death in Spirit of Verse Flier Wrote in 1934.

HYDE PARK, N. Y., Thursday. “Courage is the price that life exacts for granting peace; The soul that knows it not, knows no release, From little things.” \

Mr. Pyle

I've noticed that

O wrote Amelia Earhart in 1934, and I am very sure when she made the decision io go on this last trip, she had every possible risk in mind. I don't suppose any of us ever really feel we are about to die, even though our reason tells us death may he waiting around the corner. I am quite sure she met death in the spirit of the poem from which I have taken the above lines. This attitude is one which we must never forget, for a nation is poor indeed when it does not have men and women with this kind of spirit. Serious things are havpening in the world today. Evetyone must view with grave concern the parts of the world which are actually at war, but there are other trends which seem disturbing. The report, for instance, that in many countries, scholars in increasing numbers are being sent int~ exile for racial, religious and political reasons, is not pleasant reading. It means more and more people are growing afraid to face differences of opinion. Yet, it is increasingly important that differing opinions should be listened to throughout the world and weighed by the people. Eliminate scholars in any country and you narrow yourself down to receiving information from the people who are actually in the heat of the struggle. It seems to me this must be bad for all nations and that governments should think carefully before they allow this tendency to exile scholars from their native lands to grow to any greater proportion than it has so far. I notice in a survey made in New York State of the drinking habits of young men and women, the most frequent answer to the question of why they drink is that: “Drinking makes one gayer and more interesting.” I surmise that this is not really true. I think if the truth were told, young people who lead normal lives are quite gay enough and interesting enough without any additional stimulus. Too many of them, however, during the last few years, have led the kind of lives which mean they are always tired. They turn to some kind of stimulant to make it possible to go on. This, to me, is one of the most dangerous things that young people can do. Sometimes it is their own fault, more often it is the fault of the conditions in which they find themselves. On the whole, I think both young men and women have learned greater temperance in the past few years, but I doubt if they have learned how insidious it can be to take a stimulant to overcome the fatigue arising from living under too great a nervous strain. Temperance in living is one of the things we need to learn quite as much as temperance in drinking—the two are closely allied.

Walter O'Keefe —

HE Supreme Court fight may have aged everybody else in America, but it looks as if the Nine Old Men are younger than ever. The public decided in favor of our present system of checks and balances instead of Mr. Roosevelt's plan of blank checks. Franklin D. wanted Congress to play Charlie McCarthy to his Edgar Bergen, but they turned out to be just as hard to handle as Charlie. The decision renews one’s faith in American common-sense. How can a nation go wrong which clings to its respect for age in its whisky and its Supreme Court? All this discussion of the Court bill has practically made it & best seller and it wouldn't be surprising if

Hollywood bought the script and starred George in the leading role. “I'll bet the President is sorry

The Indianapolis Times

Second Section

The

FRIDAY, JULY 23, 1937

oe

~

Clashes Show That President Is Not Irresistible

(Third of a Series) By RODNEY DUTCHER

NEA Staff Writer VV ASHINGTON, July 23. —President Roosevelt, often accused of ambition to become dictator, last February launched an attempt to smash the power and prestige of the Supreme Court, which he believed had itself set up shop as a

judicial dictatorship. Many then thought Mr. Roosevelt was an irresistible force and many others thought of the Supreme Court as an immovable object. Mr. Roosevelt has since proved himself to be not irresistible and the Court has proved itself to be not immovable. The fight for power between forces led by Mr. Roosevelt and forces led—unofficially—by Chief Justice Hughes, is unparalleled in our history. The Roosevelt bid for power was unprecedentedly bold and received its strength from the fact that the Court's conservative majority had gone to unprecedented lengths in “vetoing” laws passed by Congress and signed by the President.

HE Court struggle has served as a catalytic agent for ail those personalities and interests which agree that the time has come to halt the personal aggrandizement of Mr. Roosevelt, progress of the New Deal program of social-economic reform, attempts to “radicalize” the Democratic Party and other efforts to push beyond the status quo. It has tied up Congress in a knot. It has produced a bitter, incandescent showdown which will determine whether Roosevelt will or can proceed stubbornly to carry out the promises of his Madison Square Garden speech or whether he will pull in his horns, » = =

HE principal other effect has been a reversal of attitude on the part of the Supreme Court— particularly on the part of Chief Justice Hughes and, even more particularly, Justice Owen J. berts. A New York Times summary finds that in previous terms the Court gave 11 vital decisions against Mr. Roosevelt and only two in his favor, whereas in its recent term, in 17 tests of New Deal legislation, all 17 decisions saw the New Deal laws upheld— notably, of course, in the Wagner Labor Act and the Social Security Act. The Court also reversed previous decisions by upholding the Washington Minimum Wage Act. The Court's change of front

Senator VanNuys

Senator Wheeler

greatly strengthened opponents of the President's bill by enabling them to argue convincingly that the Court could liberalize itself without corrective legislation. Simultaneously it killed the old myth that the Court construes the Constitution as a rigid formula, that judges never read their economic and social theories into the Constitution and aren't responsive to public outcry and outside pressures. Much of the Court’s sanctity has been rubbed off. = = 2 ASHINGTON is so cynical that it believes a court which once reverses itself can reverse itself again. With his “horse and buggy” statement, Mr. Roosevelt began to war on the Court, following its unanimous decision against NRA in the Schechter case. Articulate

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public reaction to that statement was bad. But the Court had gone out of its way to cite decisions that manufacturing, mining, and agriculture were local matters outside the Federal power—a definite bar to important New Deal laws. Later a conservative majority, usually voting 5 to 4, killed the AAA, the Railway Retirement Act, the Guffey Coal Act, and the New York Minimum Wage Law. Meanwhile the Court's liberal minority — Justices Brandeis, Stone, and Cardozo, sometimes joined by Chief Justice Hughes —had berated the majority with such terms as “hardly rises to the dignity of argument,” “leads to absurd consequences,” “the Constitution means what it says,” “encourage falsehood and evasion,” “encouraging anarchic riot,” and “personal economic predilections.” : ” ” ” HE Court wounded itself badly when it killed the New York Minimum Wage Law by a 5-to-4 vote shortly after it had knocked out the Guffey act by ruling that wages and hours were no Federal concern. Creation of this “no man’s land” led to suggestions of a constitutional amendment both by the Democratic platform and Republican Candidate Landon. A

Indiana Among 35 States Pouring Millions Into Job Security Coffers

By L. A. NDIANA is not among the 13 states that stand to lose milltons of dollars in unemployment insurance tax collections for 1936

because they had not enacted approved laws prior to Jan. 1, 1937. The Indiana statute, passed in the 1936 special legislative session. went into effect March 18 of last year. . Reports from the Bureau of Internal Revenue covering the fiscal year ended June 30, showed a grand total of $58,119313 in unemployment compensation taxes collected by the Federal Government during 12 months. Of this amount, the.13 states which failed to get acceptable laws on their statute books prior to the deadline last Dec. 31, paid $24,725,007, or 42.54 per cent. Had they enacted laws in tirhe, they would have been able to keep nine-tenths of all collections. The Federal Unemployment Insurance Law levied payroll taxes of 1 per cent in 1936, 2 per cent in 1937 and 3 per cent in 1938 and thereafter, but provided that the

insurance should actually be administered by the ‘states and that, to that end, employers would be entitled to credit similar tax payments under their own state laws up to 90 per cent of the Federal levy. But they were not entitled to such credit on 1936 collections unless their state laws had been approved prior to last Jan. 1.

N undetermined but substantial part of the 24-million-dol-lar total represents 1937 collections under the 2 per cent levy. Every state except Illinois already has shared in 1937 collections, and Illinois came within the unemployment compensation fold on July 17, when the Social Security Board approved its newly enacted law. _ Missouri is another state whose unemployment compensation setup has been approved quite recently. Illinois and Missouri together paid into'the Federal Treasury in the last fiscal year $17,524,097 in unemployment insurance taxes—or 30 per cent of all such collections during that period. Each of the 13 states which have

Side Glances

By Clark

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acted since Jan. 1 will receive ninetenths of the 2 per cent collections in 1937. All payments for 1936, however, have gone intact into the Federal Treasury's general fund. They are not earmarked in any way, and are permanently “lost” to the 13 states unless Congress acts to “forgive” their legislative tardiness. Several bills proposing such “forgiveness” are now pending.

HE following table shows unemployment compensation tax collections by the Federal Treasury for the year ended June 30, 1937. States in parentheses are those which had no approved unemployment insurance laws as of last Jan. 1, wherefore the entire payroll tax levied by the Federal Government in 1936 arrived intact in the Treasury general fund. In states which had enacted approved laws by Jan. 1, only one-tenth of the payroll tax was remitted to the Federal Treasury, and nine-tenths kept by the individual states. «3 227,801 46,469 (376,977) 1,804,977 175,106 694,901 (468,915) (960,084) (1,459,179) 52,199 (13,353,451) 519,902 309,829 (808,329) 373,075 237,802 101,990 749,953 1,537,389 1,763,348 912,887 53,254 (4,170,646) (243,728) (185,587) (123,180) 65,339 1,076,672 18,784 13,485,563 360,944 (110,542) 2,188,540 373,961 210,290 3,049,823 220,871 113,696 25,352 335,665 644,314 80,055 TT 389,705 ‘is 47,544 s*Washington ........ (1,747,069) West Virginia «ooo 220,307 Wisconsin 500,831 Wyoming (117,320) *The Maryland total includes collections in the District of Columbia.

California Colorado Connecticut

Illinois Indiana . Towa Kansas Kentucky ...... eben Louisiana ..... ETT . Maine .......cce00 desis *Maryland Massachusetts Michigan Minnesota Mississippi

Bessa

New Hampshire ...... New Jersey New Mexico ....... ves New York ve North Carolina ....... North Dakota Ohio Oklahoma Oregon Pennsylvania .......e0 Rhode Island ........ South Carolina ...... South Dakota ........

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Charts

ERE

year ago nearly everyone believed the Court would kill social security, the Wagner act, and any wage-hour law Congress might

pass. The election figures emboldened Mr, Roosevelt. In January, beginning with his message to Congress, the Administration began a planned effort to frighten the Court by critical speeches, broad= casts, and other propaganda. Objects were to drive Justices Hughes and Roberts to the liberal side, to cause one or two justices to retire, and to rouse the public demand for action. Suddenly the President moved from a policy of threatening to a drastic demand that Congress provide for addition of a new justice for each justice who continued to stay on past the age of 70. This surprised nearly everyone and shocked many. Liberal justices were as angry as anyone, particularly the 80-year-old Brandeis. ” EJ ” great roar went up. Mr. Roosevelt soon proved to have substantially less newspaper support in this fight than in the election. Senators Wheeler, Burke, VanNuys, King, Bailey, Walsh and others banded with Republicans to lead an active fight against the bill. At that time Mr. Roosevelt and most observers in Washington thought the bill was sure to pass.

The ether resounded with Court debate until the country wearied. Behind the scenes worked Chief Justice Hughes and other justices. Justice Hughes worked on Justice Roberts, for instance, and Justice Roberts became. a “liberal” at least for the entire term. Washington believes both men reacted to the noise outside their windows. Resignation of Justice Van Devanter at the end of the term, which further damaged the Court Bill's chances by making the need

Entered at Postoffice,

ight for Power in Washington

SRIIDUOOUOC Eres No

Justice Roberts

for it even less apparent than before, is reported to have been carefully planned by certain justices and certain leaders of the fight on the bill.

# 2 #

EASIBLE compromise proposals have dwindled in size from the original Roosevelt demand, equivalent to a bid of six court appointments, assuming that no justice resigned, to a proposal calling for reforms in lower courts. At the beginning of the fight Mr. Roosevelt told the nation that early validation of wages and hours legislation, collective bargaining; social security, unemployment relief, crop control and crop insurance, Federal housing, flood prevention and conservation of national resources were at stake. Collective bargaining and social security laws subsequently have been upheld. Majority decisions have indicated that New Deal legislation in the other fields would be approved, ‘and it is significant of a new attitude that there is no great debate now over constitu--tionality of the Administration Wage-Hour Bill or other pending legislation. But the power of the Court over legislation has been in no way permanently curbed,

NEXT-—Mr. Roosevelt and the “economic royalists.”

Predicts Wingless Flying By ‘Killing’ Gravity

By United Press ASHINGTON, July 23.—It is interesting sometimes to look ahead from your present scientific knowledge and project existing trends into a sort of H G. Wells Janvasy of what the future might

A. Cressy Morrison of New York, in his “Man in a Chemical World,” published under the auspices of the American Chemical Society, has offered a preview of what a future American may be like. ‘He finds men able to fly without wings by “neutralizing” gravity. The

rarest metals produced by atomic bombardment. banished through the use of new chemical treatments. Crops grown to order from tanks containing a synthetic environment. fumes made in test tubes for popular consumption at cheap prices. ” ” »

Infectious diseases

Rare per-

x HAT is gravity, how fast does gravity travel, can it be

neutralized?” Mr, Morrison asks in

his discussion. “Will the philoso-

phy of the world be changed again by new discoveries here and the

aviator find himself outfitted with

ne wings at all? The future holds

possibilities so far beyond our dreams that we must admit that we have just opened the door through which our successors will be admitted to a new realm of discovery far greater than we can imagine.” Already experts have been able to make gold synthetically—the dreamed of -but never attained goal of the medieval alchemists. Cosmic rays have given scientists a clue and man has built huge machines for the bombardment of atoms by power) electric charges. “Theoretically, transmutation is at hand,” the author says. “Will a method of producing these charges economically be found, and if so will all our standards of money and economics be upset because man can produce the rarest metals at will? An expectation of such a result is not more visionary than to have supposed that the

Hertzian waves would ever give us|

the radio and television.” ” ” ”

MR: MORRISON lists the use of

mon as among the “more or less imminent potentialities” of research. “As smallpox, yellow fever and typhoid fever have now become relatively rare diseases instead of scourges of nations, so may we expect tuberculosis, already demonstrated to be conquerable, influenza, pneumonia, the common cold and other infectious diseases of mature persons to disappear within a decade or two,” he wrote. He reported that the conquest of weather and control of human feelings and abilities through what has become known as air conditioning had become “a most interesting problem whose solution will undoubtedly be a crucial factor in human affairs fn the next generation.” Mr. Morrison predicted that discovery of new materials, which will hasten the coming of universal weather control, “may lie just over the boundary of the future.” .

SHORT SHORT STORY

DRIVER =F

T v wv! or — —

SCENERY [= CHANGES

as Second-Class Matter Indianapolis. Ind.

PAGE 17

\

Qur Town

By Anton Scherrer

Love Affair Between Marconi and Indianapolis Girl Who Turned Down Noted Inventor Is Brought to Light.

HAVE been reasonably conscientious about keeping love affairs out of this de= partment, but today I'm going to waive the rule and tell you that, once upon a time, Guglielmo Marconi was engaged to an Indie anapolis girl. I thought, maybe, that would

make you sit up and take notice. News of Josephine Bowen Holman's love affair leaked out in the spring of 1901—in April, I think it was. It wasn't until Dec. 20 of that year, however, that the skeptics were silenced. Anyway, on that day, Miss Holman'’s grandmother, Mrs. Silas T. Bowen, threw a big party at her Woodruff Place home, after which there wasn't any doubt about it any more. Mrs. Bowen's party released a lot of conflicting stories. It was pretty well agreed, however, that Miss Holman met Mr. Marconi on board an ocean liner, and that they were engaged at the end of the voyage. Everye body agreed, too, that Miss Holmes was the first per= son to whom the scientist had confided his great scheme. Indeed, it was no secret at all in Indiane apolis at the time that Mr. Marconi intended build= ing a station in Newfoundland. To be sure, nobody knew anything about the nature of the station, but that didn't make any difference as long as it was fessonably certain that Mr. Marconi was up to some ng.

Everything Certain Except Date

In fact, everything was certain except the date of the wedding. It wasn't long until we heard about that, too. As a matter of fact it was just. a month, because on Jan. 21, 1902, Miss Holman's mother ane nounced that her daughter had asked Mr. Marconi to release her from the engagement, and Llhat he had complied with her request. That same day, Mr. Marconi was found in his apartments in the Hoffman House. He was sitting at a table opening letters and telegrams when the New York reporters got to him. In answer to a question for a copfirmation or a denial of the ale leged breaking of the engagement he said: “Yes, it is true, and furthermore I am very sorry to have to say it.” “Was the engagement broken off at Miss Hole man’s request?” “Yes, at Miss Josephine’s request.” “Mr. Marconi, was the breaking off of the ene gagement owing in any way to the delay in the completion of your experiments?” “I can only say that it was at Miss Josephine's request. Any further explanation must come from her.” “Was the decision reached hastily?” “No, she requested it, and I took a couple of days to consider it, ana then complied with her request.”

Further Questions Pressed

In answer to further questions, Mr. Marconi said that he was hardly in a position to get married at the time. “I have to travel about so much,” he said, “and then my experiments have been delayed a great deal because of the winds at Cape Cod and other

reasons. If it were not for this, my experiments would be much further advanced.” Which, of course, was just the opening the ree porter was looking for. Anyhow, he asked: “Have you any hope that at a later date when your experiments are further advanced, your engagement might be renewed?” According to the newspaper version from which I quote, “Marconi answered very slowly and dejected= ly: ‘I fear not.”

New. Books Today

Public Library Presents—

NDERSTANDING Mexico has come to be a real ‘need, says Erna Fergusson in her new book, GUATEMALA (Knopf.) She suggests Guatemala as the next adventure in understanding when Mexico is no longer a strange land. So fluid does she make the history and so vividly does she build up Guatesmalan backgrounds that the reader is early cone vinced her program is the proper one to pursue. Maya origins are treated interestingly. Modern Guatemala, its cool and hot tropics, its costumes and textiles, its economics and industries, its fairs and feast days, all make up a luring pageant that neither reader nor tourist can resist. Two books come to mind, one mentioned in the bibliographical note of this work and one not, which the library has that should he read if you would understand Guatemala, The first is, SANTIAGO DE LOS CABALLEROS by Dorothy Popenoe, and the second, ANTONIO DE MENDOZA, FIRST VICEROY OF NEW SPAIN, by Arthur Scott Aiton. Both books project you into a colonial world busy with educating and organizing itself almost a hundred years before the Pilgrim Fathers landed on Plymouth Rock.

Mr. Scherrer

” ” 2 “YF you are trying to find yourself vocationally, to

discover a career that fits you, you need a knowl

edge of your past personality development and of your capacities for the future,” says Harry Hepner in his recent book, FINDING YOURSELF IN YOUR WORK (Appleton-Century). Accordingly he sets to work to show his readers how to understand their present abilities and tendencies in order to guide their future possibilities. He had divided his book into three sections. The first section, “Getting the right slant,” exe plains the reader’s attitude toward an understanding of his own good points. ‘Planning for a happy career” helps the reader make his adjustments in occu pations suited to his abilities. “Aids for recognizing a suitable career” consists of mental tests, including tests for personality, social knowledge, abstract intelligence and vocational interest and knowledge. In the latter, especially, the book is unique and interesting, for the questions are specific and practical and should be really helpful in “finding yourself in your work.” ; ” ” = ROTESTING against the popular accounts of life in Haiti which acquire sensationalism by dwelling upon the voodoo cult, the booming drums, and the practice of magic, Melville J. Herskovits, in LIFE IN A HAITIAN VALLEY (Knopf) presents a serious study of the lives of the peasants in the secluded valley Mirebalais. As the background of their present-day culture, the author examines their heritage from the French settlers who came there near the end of the 17th Century and from the African slaves who were brought over to work the gold mines, and later to cultivate indigo, coffee, cotton, and cocoa. Two principal conclusions he draws from his study. The first—that many of the less pleasant characteris tics of Haitian civilization, upon which the tourist has looked as signs of Negro inferiority, are in reality a legacy from the French culture established there. The second—that. the dichotomy credted in the lives of the Haitians by the only partial mingling of the two cultures may well explain the sociological and

pevehgjpsical problems of the Haitian Negroes and, by inf ce, of all New World Negroes. a

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