Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 30 June 1937 — Page 6

BIRTH AND DEATH BALANCE IN U. §, BY ’50 FORECAST

Population Will Become Stationary, Baker. Tells Purdue Group.

Times Special LAFAYETTE, June 30. — Births may balance deaths and a stationary population will be reached in the United States by 1950, Dr. O. E. Baker, population authority of the U. S. Bureau of Agricultural Economics, said today before the Purdue Institute of American Policy and Technology. Dr. Baker predicted, however, that when stationary population is achieved, it will be short-lived and will be followed by another birthrate decline. He said that one result of a declining birth rate is the concentration of wealth. He explained that when a couple has five or six children, wealth is spread widely through inheritance, but when one or two children survive, the parents’ wealth tends to concentrate and when such children marry, the wealth of two families is concentrated in one.

Dr. Pitkin Lectures

Dr. Walter B. Pitkin, Columbia University lectured again today) on population movements. a He predicted that within a few years, a large percentage of population will be living within the 25mile radius of the nation’s 570 main trading centers. Dr. Ellsworth Huntington, Yale University human “geographer, said that the general progress of a country is in close harmony with its geographic environment. Differences in environment affect opportunities for women, Dr. Lillan M. Gilbreth, professor of engineering, said. Dr. Pitkin in his lecture yesterday predicted that 10,000,000 Amerjcans who socially and economically are almost at a Chinese coolie level of progress and culture, will multiply and eventually occupy stations identical to those of the coolies,

100 Wives; 260 Babies

He cited that among” farmers there are 260 births to every 100 wives, while in the city the ratio is only 160 to 100. Other speakers on today’s program were to be Dr. Dexter Kimball, dean of Cornell University Engineering School and Col. Frederick L. Devereaux, industrialist and visual education authority. The Institute is to close with a banquet Friday night in the Memorial Union Building. Governor =Townsend is to be among the speakers.

F. D. R. ESTIMATES DEBT OF 36 BILLION

Year Ends With

Deficit Increase.

Fiscal

By United Press WASHINGTON June 30.—President Roosevelt estimated today that the gross public debt #stands at about $36,400,000,000. The estimate was based, he said, on U. S. Treasury figures as of June 26, with calculations for the last four days of the 1936-1937 fiscal year. : Commenting on the public debt, President Roosevelt said that since Dec. 22, 1936, the public debt had remained on a level, with the exception of four items. The President outlined the four items—all outside ordinary Government expenditures—as: 1. Purchase of sterilized gold, $1,- * 050,000,000. 2. Veterans’ insurance (bonus), $500,000,000. 3. Old age social security pension reserve, $265,000,000. 4, Unemployment social security compensation fund, about $200,000,000. The four items, Mr. Roosevelt pointed out, totaled about $2,000,~ 000,000, the rough sum the public debt has increased since the December date.

ATTACKED BY CHOW; BITTEN FOUR TIMES

Attacked by a large chow as he walked near his home last night, John Martin, 23, of 412 N. Alabama St., was recovering from- four dog bites today. Police arrested Dr. Joseph Baptist, 408 N. Alabama St., the dog’s owner, on charges of harboring a vicious dog and failure to have a dog license. They ordered the animal penned up. Oscar Killion, 43, of 3226 Roosevelt Ave., was arrested on similar charges last night after his dog was reported to have bitten Roland Lee, 8, of 2237 N. LaSalle St.

APARTMENT IS LOOTED Burglars sometime yesterday entered the apartment of Charles O. Bush, 1244 N. Illinois St., and escaped with $20 in cash and clothing

valued at $85, he reported to police today. ;

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Editorial

By United Press CHICAGO, June 30.—American

newspapers.”

“No newspaper can confidence in the fairness of its news presentation if it selects all its employees from only one political party, one religious denomination, or any one.group devoted to a single cause,” the resolution said. After referring to the attitude assumed by the American Newspaper Guild at its St. Louis convention on issues such as the war in Spain, and the court bill, the resolution said that the publishers united in ‘“unswerving objection to the closed shop for news, and editorial department workersi-not because we. regard it as ga /labor issue involving questions of wages, hours and working conditions, but because we are unwilling to turn over the news columns to any group already committed as an organization on highly controversial public questions.”

565 Delegates Attend

The .convention, which was called after the St. Louis Guild convention adopted a bargaining code which included mandatory rules calling for a closed or Guild shop in all contracts with newspapers, was presided over by James G. Stahlman, president of the American Newspaper Publishers’ Association. It was announced that there were 565 delegates present, representing 11 newspaper organizations. A permanent committee was organized at the convention, to be known as the newspaper committee, The first duty of this committee is to “trans-. mit the action of the convention to the newspapers of the country and take steps to keep the public informed of the importance of the issue involved.” ; This permanent committee is made up of James G. Stahlman, chairman; L. B. Palmer, secretary, and the presidents, vice presidents and secretaries of the 11 newspaper associations represented at the meeting. Text of the resolution follows Act on Declaration

“The newspaper editors and publishers from all sections of the United = States individually and through their co-operative associations listed below are gathered here to take action upon the American Newspaper Guild’s recent declaration for the closed shop in editorial and news departments. We recognize the fact that when a problem of major importance to the public is presented to wus, the public is entitled to a statement. “This meeting is by no means one of opposition to collective bargaining, better hours, pay or working conditions for newspapermen and women. “We are here to discuss the closed shop as a matter of journalistic and public principle, not as an economic issue. “Established for the benefit of all the people are four fundamental rights if the Constitution—freedom of religion—freedom of speech—ifreedom of the press and freedom of assembly. Experience has proved and even now is demonstrating in Russia, Italy and Germany that the interference with one of these fundamental rights means the curtailing of the others—the collapse of liberty itself. “Freedom of the press is not an exemption accorded by the Constitution for the benefit of publishers; it is but one of these four guarantees. It is a publisher’s responsibility, a citizen’s right—one Which entitles him to an accurate statement of what is taking place in order that he may have the facts wherewith to judge matters of public policy and take whatever action may be necessary to protect himself and that which he holds dear,

Need Uncolored News

“There has never been a time in our history when uncolored presentation of news was as vitally important as today. The extension of the great press associations serving news to newspapers of varying social, economic, political and religious beliefs has emphasized this development of impartial news treatment. Thousands of men and women are devoting their lives to the:gathering and

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Publishers’ Convention Opposes Closed Shop in

Departments

Action Taken After Guild Adoption of Program; LN Principle Held Peril to Freedom Of Press.

newspaper publishers are on record

today as unaiterably opposed “to the closed guild shop or any other form of closed shop for those who prepare and edit news and pictures for

A resolution to that effect was adopted unanimously late yesterday at a convention of newspaper publishers from all parts of the United States. . The publishers declared their determination not to enter into any agreement with editorial employees upon a closed shop basis. command?

presentation of the news without bias. “Only upon such a foundation of factual reporting can sound public opinion and wise public policies be based. : “This vital service of the press to the public can be performed properly only when those who are responsible for the publication are free to choose the persons whom they deem best qualified to report and edit the news. This responsibility cannot be discharged if some outside authority, beyond their control, determined whomthey shall or shall not employ. That is precisely what the American Newspaper Guild seeks by its demand. And that demand is the more serious because the Guild is now committed to a number of definite political objectives. “The recent American Newspaper Guild convention in St. Louis by resolution took positions on ‘such debatable subjects as the waf in Spain, the Court bill, and the support of a particular political party. In the Same convetition the Guild as an organization enlisted as a partisan in the tremendous public dispute now involving the entire labor movement in this country.

Called for Closed Shop

“Following the expression on the public “policies enumerated the Guild laid down mandatory rules calling for a closed or Guild shop.

The closed shop is present in mechanical departments of many newspapers—absent in some. We unite now, however, in unswerving objection to the closed shop for news and editorial department workers—not because we regard it as a labor issue involving questions of wages, hours, and working conditions, but because we are unwilling to turn over the news columns to any group already committed as an organization on highly controversial public questions. “We make no charge that bias is found per se in the work of a Guild member. To do so would imply bias per se in a non-Guild “worker. Neither is true. Bias arises, however, among any group respecting any policy common to the group. No newspaper can command confidence in the fairness of its news presentation if it selects all its employees from only one political party, one religious denomination, or any one group devoted to a single cause. “We do not deny that causes require champions, and that progress springs from the genius of advocates. Equally important to society, however, are those who report the controversial scene. It is the news-

MORE ADVANCE TICKETS TOFAR REQUISITIONED

Additional Auto Parking Space Provided in Infield.

The number of general admission tickets to be printed for this year’s State Fair will be increased from last year’s 125,000 to 150,000, Lieut. Gov. Henry F. Schricker, who also is Commissioner of Agriculture, said today. Fair dates are to be Sept. 4 to Sept. 10. The 150,000 tickets are to be placed on sale July 20. After they are sold no more will be available at the price fixed on them, it was said. Harry G. Templeton, Fair man-

at the include curbing of streets to- speed drainage after heavy rains and a new fence surrounding the entire plant. =~ Ten inches of soil has been placed on the race track to make it faster. Early closing events have horses entered from all over the country. Eleven horses have been entered in the 2:09 trot for the L. S. Ayres & Co. $1500 purse. Fifty horses have been entered in the 2:15 trot for the Governor’s $1200 purse. The 2:09 pace for the Claypool Hotel $1500 stake has attracted 15 entries. Thirty-four horses have been

partisan but as an objective observer, “Therefore be it resolved that as editors and publishers here assembled from all parts of the United States we declare our unalterable opposition to the closed Guild shop or any other form of closed shop for those who prepare and edit news copy and pictures for newspapers, and we hereby express our determination not to enter into any agreement upon such basis. “American Society of Newspaper Editors, Pacific Northwest Association, New England Daily Newspaper Association, “New York State Publishers Association, Inland Daily Press Association, - California Newspaper Publishers Association, Pennsylvania Newspaper Publishers Association, Texas Newspaper Publishers Association, . Ohio Newspaper Association, Southern Newspaper Publishers Association, American Newspaper Publishers Association.”

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HOUSE SCARED AS 'CRACKER EXPLODES

By United Press WASHINGTON, June 30—A firecracker exploded in the House Democratic cloakroom - during the debate on the farm tenancy bill yesterday, frightening members who looked into the galleries, fearful that a shot had been fired. ‘The firecracker was held by Rep. James P. McGranery (D: Pa.), who failed to drop it before it exploded. His hand was slightly burned.

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carefully watch berry boxes to avoid should be reported at once to PEDDLERS CHEATING | buying in short weights as a result | Weights and Measures Division in

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Housewives Warned Against ‘Short Weight Artists.’

A warning was given housewives today to beware of ‘short weight artists” who are operating here as house-to-house food peddlers. Thomas Tarpey, City Weights and Measures Department chief inspector, said reports of alleged cheating of fruit and meat purchasers increased to a new:high during the past few days. He said carelessness on the part of housewives in many cases resulted in short weights. > He advised not to purchase chickens “by the head,” but by the pound. The same warning was given for purchases of lettuce. Mr. Tarpey said purchasers should

of pinched boxes. Any illegal sales! the City Hall, he said.

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