Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 17 March 1937 — Page 11

Liberal View

By HARRY ELMER BARNES

EW YORK, March 17.—The New York Times in a recent editorial accuses President Roosevelt of having conjured up a bogus economic crisis in national affairs just for political effect in order to forward

the battle for his Supreme Court plan. ¢ The editorial proceeds to show that the President alleged during the late Presidential campaign that there was no longer any economic crisis in the coun-

trv. Indeed, the New York Times contends that he based his appeal to the people primarily on the fact that he had met and mastered the crisis. Therefore, if there is any crisis today it must have arisen since Nov. 3, 1936. But it is evident that business has not slackened since November. Times are as good now as then. . Hence, the New concludes that the President has brought forth a bogey—a sham crisis—as mere propaganda for his court fight: “If the country now faces a crisis, it is a constitutional crisis, and it is of the President's own making.” The New York Times overlooks the fact that there have been two crises facing the country ever since 1929, One was the immediate crisis of the depression, which came to a head in the bank failures and sharp monetary crisis of the end of February and early March, 1933. ‘ The other is the largest crisis in our economic institutions which made the depression and the bank holiday possible.

Dr. Barnes

country the heritage of 1929 to 1933.

" ; { It was this immediate crisis which the President | It was about |

dealt with in his first Administration. his achievements in this regard which he boasted, and quite justly, in his campaign speeches. By bolstering the banks and launching an un-

precedented volume of public spending Mr. Roosevelt | between |

met the immediate crisis. The contrast March 4, 1933, and March 4, 1936, was a sufficient tribute to Mr. Roosevelt's genius as a salvager from immediate disaster, 2 n n

Had Much to Boast Of

O candidate for the Presidency ever had more to | J boast of in a campaign than Mr. Roosevelt had | in pointing to his record in stemming the tide of the

financial cataclysm of 1933. So far as meeting the deeper crisis created bv our

system of Finance Capitalism, it must be admitted |

that Mr, Rocsevelt's record is not so impressive. His

handling of the crisis was by the method of the hypo- | dermic needle, in which the patient was drugged back | to cptimism by public spending. This may have been |

necessary, but it should not be confused with a cure. He tried the methods of face lifting, permanent waves and fancy manicuring through the NRA, AAA,

the gold policy and the like when a serious operation | was necessary. He slapped the wrists of Finance Capi- |

talism in his Securities and Exchange legislation,

n n » Court Checked New Deal

HE Supreme Court would not allow even these superficial excursions of Mr. Roosevelt into economic surgery to stand. Hence, it has perpetuated the deeper crisis of 1929-1933 in full bloom. That the President seems to have recognized the fact that the big crisis of fundamental economic reconstruction lies ahead is the best proof of his statecraft which has thus far come to light. He cannot be accused of having discovered this fact since he launched his court battle. He stated it very explicitly in his second inaugural address.

Mrs.Roosevelt's Day

By ELEANOR ROOSEVELT

ULSA, Tuesdayv.—We left for Muskogee yesterday | afternoon at 4 o'clock after a short drive around |

the city of Tulsa.

The thing that impresses anyone from the East is |

the amount of space there is out here, and the fact that the houses close to the city built within the last 10 years still have large grounds arcund them. It is

interesting too, to see Italian and French houses; in fact, every type of architecture is here in practically | They fit the land- |

the center of the United States. scape. however, and look quite at home, My press conference in Muskogee was interesting bece use, for the first time, some Indians attended. Two of the younger ones were from the cnly Indian college in the United States, Bacone. Some Creek women, the oider ones of the tribe, came to meet me and left a letter with me explaining some of their difficulties. It will have to be referred to the Secretary of the Interior, Mr. Ickes, as, of course, I can do nothing but pass it along. An evening lecture and back in Tulsa by 11:30. Early to bed for we were to leave at 9 this morning for Pawhuska in the Osage country. Mrs. Ruth Witt and Miss Dorothy McBirney called for us and we started cut. The Osage country is hilly, much of the

land is stony, though in the bottoms it looks extremely |

fertile. However, one cannot help wondering how the Indians were originally expected to get enough from the fertile land available to feed an entire tribe, The Osages are the second richest tribe in the country because they seem to have had a wise chief who arranged with the Government that their mineral rights, which are owned by the entire tribe, could never be sold. Oil and gas are everywhere on their land.

met us just before we got to the town. We drove through the streets in an open car escorted by two very beautifully dressed Indians in full regalia riding on ponies. We reached the Indian council house, and after a speech of welcome by the chief, the young braves did some dances for me. I have never seen more beautiful

Lookout’s niece. She put it around my shoulder so I could sit in the council house with the blanket about me and look like the other women.

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York Times |

It is the crisis created by the system | of finance capitalism which reached its culmination | in the “Coolidge Prosperity” and handed on to the |

| irterview,” | briefly reviewed for me the progress | | made since he became president of |

costumes and I was presented with two | blankets, one of them embroidered in beads by Mrs, |

The Indianapolis Times

Second Section

WEDNESDAY, MARCH 17, 1937

Entered as Second-Class Matter Indianapolis,

at Postoffice,

PAGE 11

Ind.

TENNESSEE TRIES OUT DUNGEON

Officials Defend “Torture Chamber’ From Criticism of Outsiders

- hw

This is how the prisoner sleeps in the “dungeon.” | |

On outer door, right, are seen the

chain that fastens to the hasn at extreme left. Only | the inner door, with handle, is closed unless prisoner

is too unruly.

air holes and a

feeds himself. fashion,

(CHATTANOOGA, Tenn., March 17 (NEA).—Tennsssee already famous for its evolution trial and recent child marriage, has received another load of brickbats.

From indignant persons

came protests against the

unique new above-ground dungeon or “standup cell,” in use here, A widely circulated picture of the contraption brought remonstrances streaming into the offices of civic

authorities.

“I'm ashamed that Tennessee is still in the Union,” |

wrote one irate New Yorker. A Chicago lady called it “outright barbarism.” From Des Moines,

la., came the comment:

“There must be something to that monkey theory, after all.” The dungeon is a tall concrete

affair, standing about 10 feet high and about four feet wide. It resembles nothing more than an oversized electric refrigerator. Its walls are six inches thick. ” ” ” HE cell stands behind the county workhouse. When a recalcitrant prisoner refuses to

geon” at Chattanooga. the barred, sereened inner door. Three times daily the prisoner takes meals

| first is | screened. A small amount of light | filters through. It has three holes | through which the prisoner can

Corn bread and water taste good after confinement in the “dunThis prisoner reaches through two holes cut in Through a third hele, by the lock, he

{ work or grows sullen, he is slapped | into solitary confinement,

The dungeon has two doors. The heavily barred and

eat. If he persists in his rebellion, the prisoner finds the outer door

clanging shut in his face. It ex- | cludes every particle of light. The

| only air available comes through | three holes in the top and six in

the outer door. The cell has no seat, no cot.

i Thus, in complete darkness, stand-

ing or sitting on the cold concrete floor, the prisoner contemplates his future. He is released when-

DE VALERA

DESCRIBES

OF IRELAND IN LAST

By MILTON BRONNER | (Convright, 1937, NEA Service, Inc.) { ONDON, March 17.—The Irish | 4 governmental stew has been |

| simmering merrily during the last | | 12

months, and President Eamon | de Valera hopes—and believes—it is | being made to every Irishman's| taste. Important ingredients are greater economic self-sufficiency, industrial development, improved use of| natural resources, encouragement of | Irish art and culture and a better |

| distribution of wealth.

And the addition, this year, of] a new “all-Irish” constitution will! give it the final element required. | In an exclusive “St. Patrick's Day President de Valera |

the Irish Free State in 1932—and, | in particular, results achieved since |

| we talked together exactly one year |

| Ago. ” ” ”

said, “to have made satis- | factory progress. | raise the standard of living of the | poorer classes of the community, we {have increased our national expenditure on social services from a miilion dollars per annum to over 80 millions. “We have provided unemployment assistance for those who are willing to work but are unable to get work. This measure supplements the unemployment insurance acts which happen mainly to urban industrial workers. “It has been of great help to rural communities in the congested areas of the south and west of Ireland,

cient income to sustain life on =a | reasonable scale. We have provided a new pension service for widows and orphans and increased the allocation for old-age pensions for blind persons. We have provided milk funds for necessitous children and increased the allocation for | school meals and child welfare. “This year we are taking advantage of unemployment relief schemes to secure, in co-operation with local administrative bodies, an improvement in sanitation, waterworks. roads and other amenities in town and country. We are also continuing archeological excavations in which Harvard University experts have assisted in recent years. We hope the relief schemes are temporary measures which will become unnecessary with an increase in industries and improvement of agriculture. ” ” ”

T= national housing campaign for slum clearance and for the erection of decent homes for the people in town and country has been one of the most successful features of our social program. In four years | from 1932 to 1936, 47,000 houses were | built or reconstructed under state aid schemes as compared with 26,300 in the 10 years from 1922 to 1032. “On the artistic and cultural side, we are doing our best to restore the Irish language as a spoken and itt : : , and we k by

Chief and Mrs. Lookout and their little grandson lL E can claim,” Mr. De Valera

In our effort tc!

whose little farms do not yield sufii- |

Eamon de Valera

| of Irish folklore which has attracted | the attention of scholars in Europe

and America. “The reconstruction of our economic life has proceeded at a much more rapid rate than was anticipated five years ago. With the object of collecting the land annuities which in our view were neither legally nor morally payable to the British treasury, the British Government in 1932 imposed emergency duties on Irish cattle and produce. These duties caused hardships to the farming communities, but they did not break the morale of the faimers and they were indirectly responsible for accelerating the pace of industrialization and reconstruction of our agriculture. “For instance, our imports of food and drink and tobacco, which were valued at 85 million dollars in 1931, had fallen to 55 milions in 1936. Among the chief items of reduction were wheaten flour, bacon, hams, butter and sugar which home production now supplies. The area under wheat had increased from 21,200 acres in 1932 to 55,000 in 1936, while the area under sugar beet has increased fourfold.

u ” Ld

“JT \OR a country in which manufactures had been so long neglected, the development of our industries has been remarkable. Our young people have shown an unexpected aptitude for industrial processes and the investing public has readily given the capital necessary to establish various new industries. “In order to insure that Irish industries will be Irish-owned, over 50 per cent of all vote-carrying shares or stock must be beneficiary owned by Irish nationals and there has been no difficulty in getting all the capital ae, The total . over 50 million ¢

12 MONTHS

| and many | scribed.

| in

| his plans for the future.

PROGRESS

issues were oversub-

“Over 60 new industries have

| been created in the past five years |

and over 75 new factories and

| workshops have been established.

“The number of persons employed tariff-protected industries has increased by 30,000 from March, 1932, to March 1936. The value of imports of wearing apparel has fallen from 27 million dollars in 1831 to nine millions in 1936, “As far as possible, new factories

(are widely distributed throughout

towns of the state with the object of providing employment for the surplus population of the land near

the farms and adding to the variety | of life of the countryside and also

avoiding the evils which arise from undue concentration of industries In particular areas, ” ” n S you know, we have redeemed the Dail Eirann external loan raised in the United States in 1920.

«

| We have met all our financial ob- | ligations promptly and, in | the strain

| by British penal tariffs, our credit

spite of on our resources imposed

is sound and all indications, such as bank clearances, railroad traffic returns, etc, point to prosperity.” I asked the President what were He replied: “In internal affairs we propose to continue on our present lines of development. In external affairs, important changes have taken place Since this time last year. No external authority now exists in fact

| Or in name in our internal affairs. | In the course of the present year

a constitution will be submitted to the people for enactment by them, to be brought into operation when ey have signified their approval of it. “Unlike the Constitution of 1922, Which contained many clauses dictated ¥y British minister, the Irish people will have the last word on this constitution. It will be an Irish constitution from top to bottom. It will be presented to the Dail in the Irish language and will, I hope, represent the feelings and aspirations of the Irish people. ”

” 2 “JT will provide for an elected President who will be the supreme guardian of the people's right anu for a Senate on a vocational basis.” Asked whether it would be a constitution for the whole of Ireland, he replied: “It will be a constitution Which can be applied to the whole of Ireland.” He referred me to the reply which he gave me last year on the subject of the northeastern counties of Ulster. He still maintains that the difference between north and south are exaggerated for political purposes and that with the removal of causes which make such exaggeration profitable, natural forces will raw the people together for a united Ireland, Mr. de Valera concluded by saying that the reunion of Ireland was an objective which had never been lost sight of, and which could be urged 2

ri

increasing | | | property.

in this

It may be midday, but darkness is falling for the prisoner inside as the outer door, which shuts out light, 1s swung shut. the chain will be drawn around as a triple safe-

It will be double locked and

guard against escape,

| more, she did it in | horse and buggy on her professional visits.

ever he yells out to guards that he is over his miniature rebellion.

n 2 2

N no case, officials pointed out, is anyone confined longer than three days and three nights. “It's mighty tough sleeping in there, though,” officials admitted. Corn bread and water are passed to prisoners three times a day through the grilled slots of the inner door. But, while the protests and charges of “inhumanity” mounted, County Engineer E. G. Murrell, who has charge of county penal institutions, stoutly defended the cells. “Our law doesn’t permit whipping of prisoners and when they get mean, something has to be done with them,” he declared. “We've found that about eight hours in the cell puts them straight again. “There's nothing very inhumane about the treatment. It's just like putting a child in a dark closet without his supper. “And only the worst prisoners

We have a dark the others who

are put in there. room inside for misbehave.” ” n ” HE inside ~f the whitewashed cell is scrawled with witticisms of prisoners. “Abandon hope, all ye who enter here,” reads one. Others com=ment on the lack of comfort. The cell is heartily disliked by prisoners. It is proverbial among them that a first offender enters the dungeon in high spirits, look= ing forward to a leisurely vacation. But before long he is anxious to get out. Even a hard day's work in the fields or on the roads seems preferable to the silent, black life within the dungeon. “I'd rather work a week,” said one convict, “than stay one day in George Washington's monument.” That's what they call the cell. Civic authorities promised to “look into the matter.” There was

a well-founded report that the grand jury would make an investigation,

Chrysler Suit

Sit-downs,

Key Case in Sullivan Says

By MARK SULLIVAN

ASHINGTON, March Those who look beneath the surface to identify the momentous change now being attempted in America will watch for a landmark in the outcome of the “sit-down” strikes in the Chrysler plants at Detroit. The Detroit Court has decided that the sit-down is illegal, and that the sit-downers must leave the plants. What happens from now on will be significant. The ultimate outcome will have much weight on whether the sit-down is to secure an accepted status in America. The sit-down, as phenomenon in all parts of the country, has as much meaning as President Roosevelt’s proposal to alter the Supreme Court. The two are equally farreaching, and are related. The revolutionary quality of the sit-down strike lies in its relation to the right of private ownership of When employees remain in a shop against the will of the owners, they of course pass into the status of trespessers. As such they are subject to eviction; the process is one of the most familiar in the law, Courts, in all cases brought before them, have held that sitdowns are illegal trespasses. Governors of states have varied in their attitudes. The beginning of the sit-down strike in an important sense, the strike that probably will be the keycase in any future history, was the one in the plant of General Motors at Flint. There the Court lived up to its obligation completely. Upon application by the owner of the shops, ‘General Motors, the Court issued the usual warrant of eviction and ordered the Sheriff to serve it. The Sheriff read the warrant to the sit-downers and was “booed” by them. At the same time the sit-<downers sent a telegram to Governor Murphy declaring that they would not obey the Court's order. Also, at the moment the eviction proceedings were being heard in court, the sit-downers extended their occupancy into an' additional shop of the same owner. The sitdowners clearly were defiant of the Court, The Sheriff, obviously not able personally to evict several hundred sit-downers, could have followed either of two courses.

” 2 n

E could swear in as many deputies as he felt he needed,

or he could apply to the Governor

for the necessary help. He chose the latter course. . Governor Murphy according to newspaper reports, sent no reply. Instead. he called a conference of heads of General Motors and of heads of the striking union, Governor 1 Al Pi SLi he

re Dh

17. =

of conference the owners and strikers reached an agreement. Thereupon the sit-downers evacuated the shops voluntarily. By this outcome, the sit-downers in effect won the strike, and won it by means of the sit-down. It does not matter that they did not win everything they had contended for. So far as they won any concession at all, they won it at the price of ceasing the sit-down.

iI this runt case gets standing as |

a precedent, will

then something new have been introduced into

American usage. The new thing in- |

cludes a far-reaching limitation of what universally has been looked upon heretofore as the right of an owner to hold property and be protected in his ownership by Courts and the executive officials of government.

u ” u

FTER the success of the sit-

down In Flint, it was certain,

of course, that the sit-down tech- | nique would be imitated at once. |

The question was whether other governors would or would not follow the precedent set by Governor Murphy. Newspapers reported that two governors, Cross of Connecticut and Hoffman of New Jersey, announced in advance that if sit-down strikes were attempted in their states, they would put the force of the State behind the Courts in suppressing such invasion of private property. The present sit-down in the Chrysler plant goes further in several respects than the one in Flint a few weeks before. If this Chrysler strike takes a turn in which Governor Murphy is asked to aid in carrying out a court order of eviction, and if Governor Murphy follows the same course he followed in the Flint strike, then the sitdown is likely to be looked upon as an established institution, so far as Michigan is concerned. So far, the only courts that have acted in sit-down strikes have been state courts, All these courts have held the sit-down to be an illegal invasion of property. Herein lies the relation between the sit-down and Mr. Roosevelt's proposal about the Supreme Court of the United States. Mr. Roosevelt has in mind to bring about legislation like NRA which will take away from the states practically all power over industry and labor.

n n ”®

T is in order to have such legislation held constitutional that Mr. Roosevelt wants the Supreme Court changed. If the Court is changed, it will then be the Federal courts,

and ultimately the changed Supreme

&

the |

At times

Our Town

By ANTON SCHERRER

IGHT now is a good time to tackle Irish Hill and the best way to start is not to

start with a bull. For example, don't let anybody trick you into believing that Irish Hill was bounded on the west by Delaware St. Take it from me: Irish Hill was bounded on the west by Noble St.; on the east by Shelby St. and on the north and south by the C. H. & D., and the Big Four railroad tracks,

Small as it was, it was big enough to incorporate everything worthwhile in Indianapolis at the time. Vance's woods, filled with apples and little boys—among them, William C. Bobbs, who, believe it or not, was born on the spot—was just on the other side of Shelby St. Even Pogue's Run played into the hands of the Irish Hill boys, because, when it overflowed into the lowlands, it was the best skating pond for miles around. Mr. Scherrer Within this district, too, lived Mrs. Jackman, the nurse of the Seventh Ward who did more than her share in bringing Irish babies into the world. Mrs, Jackman couldn't help it, of course, that she didn’t deliver as many babies as Mutter Jonas of the Sixth Ward, because the way things were set up in Indiane apolis at the time, the Germans outnumbered the Irish by about two to one, But even so, Mrs. Jackman did her part. What's style, because she always drove a

And then, of course, there was Albert Weber, a German flagman, of all things, who tended the rail road crossing at Benton St., and who saw to it that Jim Keach, Tim Sexton, John O'Conner, Jim O'Neal, Jerry Collins, Jack Morgan and Pat Griffin (now Father Griffin, if you please) lived to lend luster to our town. Fred Drinkut also belonged to the Hill (until he was 15, anyway), but he was always suse pected of having some German blood in his veins.

. = n ”n Irish Worked on Railroads

OBODY knows when the Irish started coming to the Hill, but it's reasonable to suppose that the “depot house” (1847) on South St. had some thing to do with it. Anyway, the Irish, right from the start, had a lot to do with the building, and Sifter that, the maintenance of the railroads around here, And while I'm going into this so thoroughly, I might as well tell you the reason that the old depot was put on South St. was because Nick McCarty ventured the belief that no train could cross Pogue's Run once it got on one of its emotional rampages. Well, anyway, after that all the Irish immigrants made a bee line for the Hill, and hardly a week passed but what somebody from the Old Country would show up. It was always the signal for a holiday, because the whole Hill would turn out to make the newcomer feel at home.

Employed Professional Wailers

HE other holidays, not counting Saints’ days, were the funerals. For some reason, no other part of Indianapolis could match the solemnity of Irish Hill funerals, or the wakes, for the matter of that, Maybe you don’t know it, but when Irish Hill Was going good, they even employed professional wailers. As a matter of fact, Trish Hill was very serious about the more important things of life—like bap= tisms, courtships and marriages. At any rate, I heard it said more than once when I was a kid, that nobody living outside the district was ever known to call on an Irish Hill girl more than once.

A Woman's View

By MRS. WALTER FERGUSON

FTER seeing Mrs. Franklin Roosevelt received in places of both types, we have decided that little towns have better manners than big ones. Although it is customary to speak of country folk as “hicks,” “rubes” or “yokels,” in true innate courtesy they can teach city people a lesson when a visiting celebrity is on hand. Nor is this explained by saying merely that where bigger crowds are congregated one can expect to find more impoliteness. For the people who have heen bred in the country, and who are as much a part of their locality as its weather or its landscape, have the kind of dignity which we associate with nature. Most of them maintain the proud reticence of trees, perhaps because they respect themselves and are aware of their worth as American citizens. They dispense hospitality; they show respect, admiration, even love, but they never, never cringe. As Mrs. Roosevelt drove through certain parts of Oklahoma last week, the so-called yokel element gave her a warm welcome, and because it was co simple and at the same time so dignified, its sincerity could not be doubted. A few children asked timidly for autographs, but there was very little of that pushing curiosity which is akin to prying and which can be 50 nauseous, In little towns every person Las his job to do, if such a great occasion as a visit from the First Lady Is to be a success, and each does his job without expecting any acclaim. The only noticeable “pushers” were the newspaper people, whose task it is to get a story with a different slant. City receptions, on the contrary, are sometimes ill-mannered riots, with the visitor mobbed by ine sistent crowds, many of whom are petty publicity = seekers who wish to elbow their way into a little limelight. The difference in attitude is striking, with the “rubes” winning the etiquet medal. Perhaps it can be best defined thus: Country people are interested in Mrs. Roosevelt the woman—city people in Mrs. Roose= velt the President's wife,

Your Health

By DR. MORRIS FISHBEIN

Editor, American Medical Assn. Journal YDROPHOBIA stiii exists throughout most of the world. It was even reintroduced into England during the World War because of animals brought in by airplane. To banish hydrophobia, we first must prevent ik from affecting persons who have been bitten and, second, we must try to eliminate the disease from come munities. When a person has been bitten by an animal, and there is any possibility of hydrophobia, it is customary to treat the bite at once by cauterization with strong acid. The wound sometimes is laid open with a knife to make certain the acid will penetrate thoroughly. Then the Pasteur treatment is given. During this treatment, the patient may go about his usual busie ness, and does not have to stay in bed. He should, however, avoid cold, excitement, fatigue, or anything else that might tend to lessen his resistance. Any one who has been bitten by a dog should, if there is the slightest possibility of hydrophobia, take this preventive treatment, If it is quite certain that the dog is mad, or if the animal shows any symptoms suggestive of hydrophobia, the treatment should be started immediately. If doubt exists that the dog is mad, it is kept under observation for 14 days and carefully watched for signs of rabies. If the dog does not, in that time, develop any symptoms, it is probably unnecessary for the victim to take the Pasteur treatment. Far too often, unfortunately, the animal is destroyed and no attempts are made to examine its brain to see if there is any sign of rabies. In some cases it is impossible to catch the animal which has done the biting. In such instances, the victim should take the treatment to be certain he is not infected. Because of the great danger of hydrophobia, every thing possible should be done to prevent its spread. when hydrophobia is prevalent in a comth. dog d children may be safeguarded ure to the bites of mad

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