Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 16 March 1937 — Page 13

Liberal View

By HARRY ELMER BARNES

EW YORK, March 16.—The American Civil Liberties Union has rendered a definite public service in responding to the attack made on the Union and its activities | by Harold Lord Varney in a recent issue of |

the American Mercury. Mr. Varney is the leading editor of th: Awakener, the outstanding Fascist journal in the United States, and is an associate editor of the American Mercury.

So far as Americanism is concerned, even if ~ everything Mr. Varney said about the American Civil Liberties Union were true, it would only be a case of the pot calling the kettle black. Leaving aside all matters of personality mentioned in Mr. Varney's article, he makes the charge that the American Civil Liberties Union is probably the strongest single force in the United States promoting radicalism and communism. He follows this Dr major thesis by the secondary al- : Jegation that the Union is primarily interested in defending Communists. In both these charges Mr. Varney falls entirely wide of his mark. . The American Civil Liberties Union is not organized behind any “ism,” unless it be Americanism, which stands for the freedom of all “isms” to express their views without restraint of any kind. The National Committee of the American Civil Liberties Union and its board of directors are made up of public-spirited Americans drawn from every camp—irom extreme individualistic conservatives to avowed radicals. The sole bond that unites this diversified group is the dominating interest of all members in the preservation of those phases of the Constitution of the United States which guarantee to all American citizens intellectual freedom. n un n

Defends Intellectual Rights

I the Supreme Court is the outstanding defender of American property rights, so the American Civil Liberties Union stands at the forefront among our defenders of intellectual rights and liberties. Xt defends the first 10 Amendments as vigorously as the Supreme Court defends the Fifth and Fourteenth Amendments. In one sense, the existence of the American Civil Liberties Union is indeed a disgrace to America. If the American people were themselves truly alert with respect to defense of those liberties for which the ancestors of the Daughters of the American Revolution laid down their lives, there would be no need whatever for the existence of the American Civil Liberties Union. Tis existence and activities are veritably a reflection of the civic lethargy of Americans. It is surely a disgrace to the United States that a private organization had to come into being to defend those American rights to which all classes pay rhetorical respect. " = un

Communist Charge Absurd

HE charge that the American Civil Liberties Union is sponsored and directed chiefly by Communists is too absurd to be considered seriously. It so happens that there is not a single member of the Communist Party on either the National Committee or the hoard of directors. Prominent Republicans and Democrats, among them ardent supporters of Governor Landon in the late campaign, are, however, conspicuous on the membership of the National Committee If the union frequently defends Communists it is only because the civil liberties of Communists are attacked in this country with special frequency. If the Communists were allowed to enjoy their legal civil liberties, the Union would not be handling any Communist cases. But even under the present circumstances, Communist cases average less than one-fourth the total of court cases in which the Union has been interested. But the fact which takes the wind out of the sails of Mr. Varney most directly is the legal record of the Union, which shows that it has defended with determination not only Communists, but Fascists and White Russians, Catholics and the Ku Klux Klan, Negroes and whites, Indians and Chinese, when the civil rights of any of these groups have been involved.

Barnes

Mrs. Roosevelt s Day By ELEANOR ROOSEVELT

ILSA, Monday.—We were awakened this morning

U TI by a most beautiful sunrise. I turned over and went to sleep again feeling much encouraged because vesterday's weather would not have made our drive to Muskogee late this afternoon a very pleasant one. We came over from Oklahoma City to Tulsa by train yesterday afternoon and it was raw, cold and windy. We were met at the station by Mrs. Witt and the Mayor. who verv kindly accompanied us to the hotel. The Mayor pointed out that the thing which struck him most when he came here from Iowa many years ago, was the cleanliness of the buildings owing to the fact that nobody burns coal, natural gas being available at such a low rate. They are all very proud of their city and the view from our windows is certainly very lovely. The Arkansas River winds in and out of the sand flats and all through the city there are trees along the streets. A tower stands out not very far from here which reminds me of the Chrysler Building in New York City. It is curious to see skycrapers when, in several places, we noticed storm cellars into which people go when the wind becomes too unruly. I imagine that these are only needed when construction is rather flimsy and that houses in the city do not suffer the | way they do without protection out on the plains. I was much interested this morning to meet Mrs. Mabel Washbourne Anderson who showed me colored lithographs of the paintings of her father and grandfather who were full-blooded Cherokee Indians, and | whose portraits hung in the Capitol in Washington | until they were burned. They certainly were most interesting and handsome men. I enjoyed talking to her about Cherokee history and am looking forward to reading the little book she left with me called, “The Life of General Stand Watie,” one of the only fullblooded Indians to be made a brigadier general in the Confederate Army.

New Books

PUBLIC LIBRARY PRESENTS— HETHER you are visiting England for literary or historical study or for sheer pleasure and mental recreation, here is a book to look into in preparation. J. W. Cunliffe of Columbia University in his recent ENGLAND IN PICTURE, SONG AND STORY (Appleton) has given us a rich literary geography. He chooses scenes which will feed the imagination not only by their natural beauty but also by their association with great men and great events of the past. Since London is the inevitable mecca for English pilgrims, the first chapter is devoted to her history— prehistoric, Roman, Anglo-Saxon, Norman, and modern. Then follow Oxford, Cambridge, the Hardy country, the Lake district, and all the parts which classify as “musts” for the tourist, particularly for the tourist who has a literary bee in his bonnet. Three hundred and six-six reproductions of prints, woodcuts, drawings, photographs, portraits, manuscripts, and ancient maps supplement the text.

" » "

HE history of tea from the time of its genesis in China, centuries ago, when it was used as a medicine, to the present day custom of serving tea aboard transcontinental planes, is brought forth in interesting detail by William H. Ukerss ROMANCE OF TEA (Knopf). He tells of its conquest of the Orient, its introduction into Holland, France, and England, the dramatic triumph over coffee in Ceylon, the Boston Tea Party, the famous tea race in 1866 between the clipper ships Ariel and Taeping from Foochow to London in 99 days, and all the legends concerning its growth. Mr. Ukers deals not only with the history of tea, but also with the social manners and customs of its brewing and serving, and even with various kinds of tea pots that have been used since tea was first known. “I give you the sovereign drink of pleasure and

The Indianapolis Times

Second Section

TUESDAY, MARCH 16, 1937

Entered as Second-Class Matter Indianapolis,

at Postoffice,

PAGE 13

Ind.

of health in cups that cheer but do not inebriate.”

NEW USE FOUND FOR THE CAMERA

Ini iny Photographs « on F ilm Hailed as Novel Way to Preserve Records S

By WATSON DAVIS (Copyright, 1937, by Science Service) ASHINGTON, March 16.—A new way of duplicating records, manuscripts, books and illustrations is being developed here and scientists predict that it is destined to play a large part in the scholarly

research of the future. It consists of making miniature photographs on film and then reading them by use of a machine that enlarges them to more than original size on a translucent screen. “Microfilms,” these small photographs of documents and books are called. Soon, it is predicted, this word will be as common as “book” or ‘journal’ in library, educational and scientific circles.

These microfilms are made on ordinary motion picture film. A hundred feet of microfilm, small enough to slip into the vestpocket, will hold 1600 pages of a book or manuscript, or more than in five ordinary, fat books. Science Service, the institution for the popularization of science, has inaugurated and sponsored this development with the co-op-erating of the Chemical Foundation, the U. S. Naval Medical School, the U. S. Department of Agriculture Library, the U. S. Bureau of the Census, the Library of Congress, the Works Progress Administration and other agencies. This new technique is called “microphotography,” not to be confused with “photomicrography.” which is the making of large photographs of very small objects through a microscope.

2 # ”

HILE it has many problems in common with ordinary photography, with so-called candid cameras, motion picture apparatus, microphotography requires special apparatus. Design and construction of required cameras and reading machines have been accomplished under the direction of Dr. R. H. Draeger, a U. S. Navy surgeon, detailed to co-operate in this project for making scientific literature more accessible at low expense. Science Service and its co-oper-ating agencies have demonstrated that microfilms are practically useful in two important fields. 1. Making material in libraries more accessible by allowing the librarian in effect to iend the bock and keep it on the shelves, too. 2. Publishing voluminous, technical, or highly illustrated manuscripts, theses, and other material that now languish in laboratories and studies because no journal has funds or space to publish them. " o ” S a demonstration and practical service the “bibliofilm service” has been operated in the Library of the U. S. Department of Agriculture for the last two and one-half years. During that time hundreds of thousands of pages of material have been microfilmed for research workers, at a cost of about a cent a page. This bibliofilm service has been acclaimed by research men and women in all corners of the globe who are thus enabled to use the facilities of this important library hitherto inaccessible to them. The editors of more than 25 leading scientific journals are coperating with Science Service in an auxiliary publication service made possible by microfilm. Articles, tables of data, illustrations and other material that cannot be published are deposited with Science Service, where a document number is assigned and a price is set for which a microfilm

Science Service Photos.

The tiny images on microfilm are enlarged with optical apparatus to enable them to be read. A handy gadget, above left, can be used if only a few pages of microfilm are to be read, as when traveling. The reading machine, above right, which can be placed on a desk like a typewriter, projects the images on a translucent screen to

more than original size.

Pages of a book on microfilm, right,

are

reproduced I the size they appear on the film.

copy can be furnished. The journal then publishes a short version of the scientific paper together with an announcement of the availability of the microfilin. Readers who need it then order it sent them, " un ” FE this way important but specialized material can be made perpetually accessible without burdening libraries and individuals with material that they may never have occasion to use. A reading machine that stands conveniently on the desk and can be loaded in a few seconds with thousands of pages of microfilm has been perfected. In the future those engaged in scholarly research will think of a microfilm reading machine as they do of a typewriter, and studies, libraries and laboratories will be equipped with them as commonly as with typewriters. Records of all sorts, as well as scholarly materials, will be condensed and preserved by microfilming. An ordinary letter-sized sheet of 81% by 11 inches shrinks to three-quarters by one inch upon a microfilm. This is only 1125th of the original area. Because noninflammable lulose acetate or “safety” used in making microfilm, copying upon it is actually an act of preservation. The National Bureau of Standards has concluded that microfilms will last as long as good rag paper, which means at the least one to two hundred years.

n n n NE valuable use for microfilm is for copying newspapers, rare documents, archives and other material that will otherwise soon be lost to civiliza-

tion. The Library of Congress was a pioneer in using the microfilm method for copying historical documents in Europe, the originals of which may be endangered or destroyed as in

cel-

Spain. Some newspapers are now

film is |

having microfilms made of their daily issues as a method of preservation for libraries. Newsprint only 20 years old is badly disintegrating in some cases. As a result of Science Service's pioneering in applying microfilms to scholarly material, scientific and scholarly organizations are organizing a Documentation Institute to continue and broaden the work that has been done. It is not considered likely that microfilms will ever replace ordinary books, magazines or newspapers produced in large editions. The economy and usefulness of microfilm lie in making available a small number of copies of material of limited appeal or in reducing the bulk of voluminous works. ” un n OT content with the possibilities already demonstrated, it is planned to apply microfilm in the future to the problem of making a giant index of all scientific literature. Heretofore scientists have not dared to contemplate such an undertaking because of the millions of cards that would need to be classified and filed, to say nothing of the cost of printing. If an “electric eye” were perfected to select from the rolls of microfilm the references a scientist might desire, then the building and use of such a great guide to the world’s knowledge might be contemplated. The present microfilm, condensed as it is, is not considered the ultimate. With better photographic emulsions. which may already be in the making in laboratories, it should be possible to make the photographic images still smaller. If the microfilm images can be made a quarter inch high instead of one inch, that is, if the reduction ratio can be made 44 instead of 11, then upon a flim the size of the familiar 3-by-5-inch card used universally in libraries, there could be placed 240 pages. What does this mean? The libraries of the future may be placed in the space of their present card catalogs.

SCHOOL FOR CHILDREN INJURED AT BIRTH TO BE ESTABLISHED

By SCIENCE SERVICE

IRMINGHAM, Ala., March 16.— For the first time. children, who are so injured at birth that they seem to be helpless idiots, will have available to them at moderate rates the modern medical treatment which can restore them to a normal or nearly normal condition. Directly concerned himself with the treatment of these children, because his own sons, identical twins with identical injuries, present one of the country’s outstanding cases, is Dr. Lee McBride White, Birmingham psychologist. Dr. White conceived the idea for the new school. It will be modeled after the school of the Neurological Institute in New York, of which Dr. Earl R. Carlson, pioneer in research among the birth injured, is director. This is the school where Dr. White's sons were treated. The Birmingham school will attempt to re-educate the motor nerve centers, thereby enabling the spastic victims to assume, as much as possible, the normal routine of life.

Only children of the highest mental |

types will be selected. Ld » n

IRTH injured children rank second in number of cripples who are victims of some diseasecaused factor. Although they may look the part, they are not necessarily feeble-minded. One child out of three may be trained, it is claimed, to approximate normality. Different from the brains of infantile paralysis victims, who rank first in the number of etiological cripples, brains of the birth injured have been damaged in specialized areas, usually in the motor center, while the brains of the infantile paralysis patients have not even been touched. Re-educational training of children with birth damaged brains

is based on the theory that |will

if a part of the brain is destroyed, its function may be taken up by some other portion of the brain. Routine of the school, lined by Dr. White, will consist of corrective motor training with exercises designed to put in use the damaged parts of the body, such as the legs, arms, fingers; corrective exercises for speech; elementary school training, for those thus far advanced, and corrective training for social response. The purpose of the last treatment will be to overcome inferiority complexes, and as such children have hitherto seen little of the outside world, to train their emotional response to society.

” =n ”

ACH child in the school will be given an individual schedule based on his particular condition. There will be no definite school term, but each child will be sent home as soon as possible. Dr. White's sons, who at five could not turn themselves in bed, are now 16. They dress themselves, although still unable to tie their shoestrings; they can identify many musical classics which their mother plays for them; they fight each other over radio programs; although they can understand almost any everyday conversation, they are still unable to talk plainly. Within a few years Dr. White expects them to be fairly normal, at least. “Being so close to the problem of re-educating the birth injured,” said Dr. White, “I wanted to make possible this training for a moderate sum so that parents of average means could have their child trained.” ” s n SSOCIATED with Dr. White will be Dr. Wilmot S. Littlejohn, Birmingham neurologist, who act as medical adviser; the staff

as out- |

will include a physio-therapist, a trained nurse, a handicraft teacher, a speech expert and an elementary grade teacher.

Estimated to number over 100,-

Clapper Sees Significance In Labor-Employer Pacts

By RAYMOND CLAPPER

Times Special Writer

ASHINGTON, March

labor and employers

circumvent hostile SuOne concerns coal production control and | the other railroad retirement pen- | sions. The House has just passed the

| Guffey-Vinson Coal Control Bill, to

set up a

| |

little NRA in the bituminous industry and to replace the earlier Guffey act outlawed by the Supreme Court nearly a year ago. This bill, which now goes to the Senate, has the support of John L. Lewis and his United Mine Workers

| and of-—so friends of the bill stated

in the House debate—operators producing 90 per cent of the tonnage. There was little resistance to the bill, with only feeble cries of ‘‘No,” when it was passed without even a record vote. The chief attack on the bill was from Republicans who objected to its exemption of Coal Commission employees from civil service, There was no real fight on its merits, although the measure is in substance a re-enactment of NRA for the coal industry with labor provisions omit- | ted but with direct price-fixing au- | thority added.

” n un

HE labor provisions were left out because it was those in the original Guffey act which caused the Supreme Court to invalidate the law, by a split decision. Congress had declared in that enactment that the labor provisions were separate

| from the production control pro-

visions and that if either half was

| declared unconstitutional, the other

| portion

should stand. But the

| Supreme Court majority said Con- | gress did not really mean this and,

| speaking through Justice

Suther-

[ land, the Court ruled the labor sec- | tion unconstitutional and said that | the other half automatically went

000 in the United States, there are |

approximately children in Alabama alone, said by Dr. White,

Even with this large number,

it was

1000 birth-injured | no

| out also, despite the separation pro- | vision.

Against the majority decision

{ stood the Chief Justice and three

liberal Associate Justices, Congress

| itself, seven states which intervened

in support of the legislation (with state appearing against it), operators controlling perhaps 80 per

| cent of the production, and organ-

the |

attention given to treating | tions arising from birth injury is |

practically nil in comparison with the work being done for infantile paralysis victims. Reason for

this |

neglect is because a birth injury can | give rise to such extremes as idiocy |

with little or no muscular difficulties to cases of purely motor handi-

| cap with little or no mental dis- | turbances.

u u »

HE only way to change this] pessimistic attitude, according

to Dr. White, is to carefully select |

cases before prescribing treatment. A profound degree of mental defectiveness excludes the case because | there is no undamaged residue with which to work. In evaluating the mental resources of these patients, it was pointed out, care must be

| | |

taken |

before any appraisal of the latent |

potentialities is given. Grimaces and drooling frequently seen have often led to patients being mistaken for idiots, whereas this condition is no more of a criterion of mental deficiency than a disturbance limited to a leg or foot muscle. Intelligence tests are not aiways dependable, since a majority require the use of muscles over which the patient may have little or no control during the test: however, such tests, as an arbitrary standard, are useful in serving as a starting point.

Subsequent tests, after a period of |

training, showing higher ratings, indicate that the patient is making

ized labor. Hence this second attempt to find some way through the majority Court view that coal mining has nothing to do with interstate commerce.

" " 2

HE second equally significant instance finds railroad management and railroad labor agreeing upon a new Railroad Retirement Pension Act. The first one was thrown out 5 to 4, with Chief Justice Hughes and the three liberals protesting vigorously at the majority decision. They said it deprived the Federal | Sovernmen of the right to deal with the matter of pensions at all. After this invalidation, a substitute Railroad Pension Act was | put through but it is now under attack in the ccurts and no great hope is held out for its survival. In face of this situation, employers and employees are proposing to get through Congress a modified act which both will support, and which neither side will contest in the courts. Thus they will attempt to keep the third statute out of the reach of the five conservative justices. n ” ” T is significant that, in both of these instances, this community of interest between employers and cmployees appears in industries

| where labor is completely organized

and has for years been recognized by the employers. Over this period a high degree of labor responsibility has been developed and

have | frightening

pe rgaining i

16.— | between the management and emSome significance may attach | ployee groups is taken for granted.

In a periced of menacing sit-down strikes which are causing chaos and employers, perhaps these two instances of coal and railroads, with both organized management and organized employees, point to an answer. Equally significant is the fact that in both instances the arrangements are proposed to be set up under public authority where, to whatever extent the need requires, the public can interject its influence, We have just seen how steel management and labor get together and how their agreement is fol=lowed by price increases. When management and labor in largescale industries join in a deal, public protection would seem to require that governmental supervision be

provided for somewhere in the ar- |

rangement. Otherwise the consumer, already stripped down to his fundamentals, may be be deprived even of those.

Court Splits 5-4

By HERBERT LITTLE Times Special Writer W 7 ASHINGTON, March 16.—The vehemence of Justice Roberts’ dissent in the Brush income-tax case re-emphasized today the Supreme Court's split on fundamental questions. The Court, embroiled within its own citadel as well as besieged from

| the Capitol and the White House,

split 5-4 on the main issue—whether the broad constitutional doctrine of states’ rights should shield a city water-supply employee from Federal taxation. Justice Sutherland, speaking for Chief Justice Hughes, Justices Van Devanter, McReynolds, Butler and himself, restated emphatically that states and local subdivisions must be free from all Federal burdens and obligations. Then he extended this doctrine to exempt this $14,000-a-year worker, Justice Roberts’ dissent asserted that this decision may result in tax exemption for millions of emploves on state and Federal “yardstick” operations. Justice Sutherland based his decision largely on the five-man maJority ruling last spring outlining the Ney Deal's Municipal Bankruptcy c The point at issue was a $256 deficiency income for 1931, which the Federal Government sought to collect from W. W. Brush, chief engineer for the New York Bureau of Water Supply. Justices Stone and Cardozo held with the majority that Mr. Brush should be immune from the U. S. tax, but for a different reason. They said that Treasury regulations exempted such professional emplovees as being directly concerned with municipal functions. No constitutional ruling was called for, they said. All direct municipal employees are exempt from U. S. taxation.

HEARD IN CONGRESS

Rep. Michener (R. Mich.)—Now, on Page 4 . . the bill deals with “fungible goods.” There are many members here who do not know what “fungible” goods means. ill not the gentleman explain this for the benefit of those who are not lawyers? Rep. Chandler (D. Tenn.)—Fungible goods are goods in the mass in which each unit of the mass is similar to the whole. For instance, grain belongs in the class of fungible goods and money is fungible goods. That may explain it. I think the gentleman is putting me through a bar examination. Rep. Michener—The point I trying to impress is that we passing legislation here we do hing about.

am are not

A300 ¥

| both purchasers and pupils in plenty.

OQur Town

By ANTON SCHERRER

NE of my friends, a lady of nice compe= tence in art, told me that it took Gerald Dou a who'e day to paint each of eight care rots in his picture (No. 12) which forms a part of the exhibition of Dutch paintings over at Herron. Well, it turns out to be a fact. because I looked it up for myself. It also explains why he didn’t paint more portraits than he did. Seems that at first Dou turned to pore traiture, which at that period was easy money, but his finicky carefulness and painstaking elabora=tion of details so wearied his sitters that they just stopped coming. “By this tediousness,” writes Sandrart, a painter and critic, who was personally acquainted with Dou, “he spoiled all pleasure in sitting in such wise that a usualy amiable face was distorted (and the counterfeit likewise) with vexation, melanchol n ispleasure.” y and Gis Mr. Scherrer And so, according to Sandrart, who happens to be my pipe-line today, Dou did the next best thing, Finding that orders for portraits were rapidly become ing fewer, he decided to abandon that branch of art and devote himself to the painting of the small subse Ject pictures which have made his name famous. These he could paint as he pleased and at his leisure, because, whether you've noticed it or not, there isn’t anything so accommodating as a carrot, unless, perchance, it's a bunch of eight.

” n un Subject Pictures Recognizable

NYWAY, Dou's small subject pictures were recognizable, which wasn’t always the case with his portraits. The familiar subjects and the exe quisite finish of their details completely captured the taste of the public of his day and brought him So many, in fact, that in less than 10 years from the time of his leaving Rembrandt's studio his works had attained wide celebrity and commanded fabulously high prices,

For example, Pieter Spierling, Minister from the Court of Sweden at the Hague, gave Dou an annual income of 1000 florins (close to $800, I guess) just to have the first pick of his pictures. On top of that, he paid the regular price. And in 1660, when Charles II returned from the continent to England, the States of Holland agreed to present his majesty, in pfoof of their sympathy for the House of Stuart, a magnificent gift of a number of pictures by the most celebrated painters of Italy and Holland. Dou got in with three of these.

” ” ” Made Hit With Charles

HE three pictures made such a hit with Charles that he invited Dou to visit him at court. No records exist, however, to show that this invitation was accepted, and there is every reason to believe that Dou was never absent from Leyden for any length of time. That, among other things, was the difference bee tween Dou and Rembrandt, his teacher. Rembrandt, also a Leyden boy, left his home town pretty early to tackle Amsterdam, then the art center of Holland. He made good. So did Dou without leaving his home town. I can't help it that most of my stories turn out that way.

A Woman's View

By MRS. WALTER FERGUSON

M™® BETTY RINE, who recently won first prize in a national contest for making cherry pies, is re=ceiving scores of editorial plaudits. I can hardly wait to learn how many proposals of marriage the feat will bring her. Not half so many, perhaps, as the winner of a leg show would get; men are quick to praise domestic talents in a woman, but they seldom pick their wives for their culinary arts. And frankly I don't know why they should, since we do not consider it ethical for a woman to marry a man only ior his financial support, even though she does expect such service from him. It should be a part of every wife's duty to perform those tasks which life presents to her. And in these queer days they are many and varied, and cooking is sometimes not one of them. The women who make the very best wives are those who have been trained to meet with spirit and compe= tence the daily emergencies as they come; to share their part of family responsibilities whatever may be their form, and never to cheat in money matters or in love. When these qualities are the foundation of the feminine character, a woman can always take cooking in her stride. Besides, any individual with ordinary mental equipment can learn to make a palatable pie if she puts her mind to it, although that doesn’t prove she can depend upon the ability for keeping her huse band’s love or her children’s respect. From observation we conclude that the modern hushand isn’t half so interested in marrying a good cook as he pretends to be. He merely likes to discuss this subject with platitudes, and sometimes his opine ions scund rather cockeyed. Since the canning, preserving, cooking and serving of food have been made a part of big business, and since men are wholly responsible for this fact, it is inconsistent for them to pose as martyrs. Cooking, like many other household arts, has gradually been removed from the American home to become a paying part of industry, and will in time perhaps be turned over entirely to specialists. The time is fast coming when millions of wives won't know a thing about preparing food for the table, just as today millions of men who supply it for the family don't know a single thing about raising it. Marriage will weather this storm, too, I imagine, and the home he none the worse for it.

Your Health

By DR. MORRIS FISHBEIN

Editor, American Medical Assn. Journal

HE word “rabies” is Latin for “madness.” Hydro= phobia means fear of water. These definitions present what seem to be the most significant symp= toms of this disease. So horrible was hydrophobia that innumerable superstitions developed regarding its cause and meth ods of cure. It was customary, for instance, to burn with a red hot iron the flesh of a person who had been bitten by any mad animal. There is no evidence to support the belief that the bite of a mad dog is worse in summer than in winter, It is just as dangerous at one time as another. When a dog bites another animal or a human being, the disease is transmitted by its saliva, which contains the poisonous material. About 14 days after the bite the disease will begin to appear if the person is infected. The shorter the distance from the location of the bite to the brain—other factors being equal—the shorter the period before the disease starts, and the greater its virulence. For this reason, bites on the face or lips may be much more serious than those elsewhere on the body. In the vast majority of cases, the onset of the dis ease follows the bite by 20 to 90 days. During this “incubation period,” there may be only symptoms of restlessness, apprehension and sometimes irritation and tingling pain at the site of the wound. When the disease begins, the horrible symptoms which give it its name make their appearance. There is a slight huskiness of the voice and a sense of choking. The victim may refuse water because of the spasms and the pain associated with swallowing. Eventual= ly these convulsions and spasms may affect the whole body and, finally, the spine may stiffen and bend. Death jg such cases results from a general paralysis,