Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 4 March 1937 — Page 17
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‘Vagabond
FROM INDIANA
ERNIE PYLE
'WILLIAMSBURG, Va.,, March 4.—Wil- | liamsburg was a hot town 159 years |
ago.
For 80 years it was the capital of Vir- '
ginia, and Thomas Jefferson and Patrick Henry were big shots here, and there were
momentous doings at every turn, and much drinking |
and statesmanship, and here the germs of the Revolution were sown. Then, sad to say, Williamsburg died. The capital was moved tc Richmond in 1779, and Williamsburg went to sleep. The place was so dead that by 1912 its citizens even forgot about election day, and nobody voted! It was about time for something to happen here, and something did. It was John D. Rockefeller Jr. He came along with his money and “restored” Williamsburg. At least theoretically. The “restoration” has been going on nearly 11 years now. It is Mi rye almost finished. It is drawing 100,000 people a year to see it. The best time to come is in the late spring. It is not as beautiful in the winter, but in winter ycu have the advantage of being pretty much alone and can look at the buildings instead of the mobs. Williamsburg is a town of about 3000, southeast of Richmond 50 miles, on the road to Newport News. The town is oblong, running east and west.
The |
main street runs almost the length of the town, but |
not quite. It is called Duke of Gloucester St. seven-eighths of a mile long.
4 ast S iN Capit i At the east end of the street is the old Capitol | 80, knew very well the bitter
lying ahead for |
building, now restored. At the west end, in a dia-mond-shaped campus, is William and Mary College, second oldest in America. Harvard is the oldest.
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Restored 66 Old Buildings
HEY tore down or moved out nearly all the modern buildings in that area—442 of them. Then they repaired and restored 66 old buildings which were still standing. And they rebuilt, completely new, 85 Colonial buildings which had disappeared. All the vacant lots and park areas were made into “greens” and formal English gardens, just as they were in Colonial days. The first block at the west end of Duke of Gloucester Street is a business block—all new buildings in Colonial style. On down the street, toward the Capitol, the scene changes. You see the old Courthouse and Bruton Parish Church, both original buildings, repaired.
You see several taverns, some of them restored | some of them built com- | You see | many private homes, some old and some new, all |
from the old buildings, pletely new, exact copies of the original.
handsome.
n Street Rebuilt. Too HE street itself has been ‘restored.” poles in the center were taken down, and wires put under ground. The concrete was torn up. The street is now smooth rock-macadam in the center, coblestones along the side. The side-walks are brick. In front of all the restored houses are hitching posts. The view down Duke of Gloucester Street, even in the winter bareness, is soft and charming. It is lined with trees, and in the diminishing perspective vou see corners of old frame houses, and angles of big brick chimneys, and old Colonial tavern signs, and hitching posts, and it gives you quite a feeling. Back from Duke of Gloucester Street on either side are the “greens,” and back of them more old-
zn zn
new houses, and such other things as the old jail, |
the governor's palace and so on.
Mrs.Roosevelt's Day |
By ELEANOR ROOSEVELT
ASHINGTON, Wednesday.—I flew back
It is |
The Indianapolis
Imes
Second Section
THURSDAY, MARCH 4, 1937
Entered as Second-Class Matter Indianapolis,
at Postoffice,
PAGE 17
Ind.
SURGERY IN FORBIDDEN LAND ‘Lung Cancer,’ Said Doctor and Patient Took Only Chance He Had
(First of a Series) By JACK FOSTER
Times Special Writer IS condition was diagnosed as cancer of the right lung. But it was not until the bronchoscope and then the thoracoscope were used that this became a certainty. First the chest surgeon collapsed the lung with air introduced into the chest. Then he cut a small hole through the wall, inserted the thoracoscope, and when this was lighted he could see clearly what he suspected—a malignant tumor. The patient, an intelligent man
road probably
him. Four or five years more; ex- |
cruciating pain, softened only by
opiates, and then, as Sir Thomas
Telegraph |
to |
Washington this morning and had a delightful trip. My only woman companion on the plane was | a young Chicago News reporter who told me she had |
flown all over the West and was now flying over the East making comparisons. it was scenery, people or methods of travel that she
I did not inquire whether |
was comparing, but I imagine it probably was all
three.
with as little luggage as possible. I wish someone would invent some kind of an interchangeable garment for long journeys which could be worn morning, noon and night!
On this trip I was able to travel as I like to travel, |
The Junior School at Todhunter did very well in |
their plays yesterday, and it made me quite homesick
not to have my own little granddaughter acting any |
part.
At lunch today with the voteless District of Co- |
lumbia League of Women Voters, drama was again much to the fore. Government report on the District, and then one of their members gave a monologue illustrating conditions under which girls and women work. They are most interesting and give you a great deal of really useful information in a pleasant form. When I am with a group, such as the League of Women Voters, I cannou help feeling that their membership is so well acquainted with all the questions involved that there is very little use in telling them what they already know. Of course, getting together does bolster up our spirits and spurs us on to work. But it is the great mass of people, particularly women,
who do not often hear Government questions dis- |
cussed, who would really enjoy and profit from these plays and monologues.
New Books
PUBLIC LIBRARY PRESENTS—
" ORNADOES demand a particular kind of weather, hurricanes are often detected while
They had a very good skit on the |
they are still forming, volcanoes announce the ap= |
proach of dangerous activity . . . even if we have reason to suspect that earthquake forces are at work, there is as yet no sure sign that will tell when they will be released.” Always after a widely felt earthquake, men's thoughts turn to a study of this destructive force, saves Nicholas Hunter Heck in his book EARTHQUAKES (Princeton University Press). Less progress has been made in understanding these unhearalded disasters than in many other manifestations of powerful earth impulses. The destructive portion of an earthquake lasts only a few seconds. The greatest known quake was probably that of Assam, India, in 1897, which involved a territory of one and three-quarters million square miles. In 1931 there were 350 seismograph stations in the world. The first known quake was in the approximate year 1831 B. C. in China. One or two occur throughout the earth every hour. These facts and others presenting the causes and effects of titanic convulsions of our not-too-steady earth are traced and the great earthquake belts are mapped by Mr. Heck. The history of seismology, records of regional investigations, and the graphic story of some of modern civilizations most devastating quakes comprise a comprehensive study of this
enigmatic and terror-provoking phenomenon, man's
momentary loss of his firm foundation. n = = “FPULLING ’em out is just a day's work” the life guards say. “We're not in any danger. If a man knows his business there's no excuse for his getting into a fix where he’s taking any chances at all.” The same attitude is expressed by every man interviewed by Lowell Thomas in his MEN OF DANGER (Stokes). These interviews were with fire fighters, life guards, members of the coastal patrol, workers with poison gas, diggers and builders of tunnels, riveters who climb high on steel structures, miners and divers. The chapter “Acrobats and Lion Tamers” gives
such a vivid description of favorite circus acts that |
our childhood thrills return. If for a moment his instinet doesn’t function the trapeze performer may be dashed to death or the lion tamer trampled to death. Yet every man interviewed seemed to feel that he would be dissatisfied in an occupation not fraught »
¥ he
Browne once put it, “the final swooning.” “X-ray treatment, I doctor?” he said. “X-ray has never cured a single case of cancer of the lung,” the surgeon replied. “It may give relief. But complete eradication— no, X-ray has never achieved this end.” “Is it all hopeless then? Am I doomed?” the man of 59 asked firmly, The surgeon looked at him, silent for several moments, as the clock in his office ticked dispassionately. “There is one chance,” he finally said. “Complete removal of the lung! It is a difficult operation, and there are many hazards along the way. But it has been done successfully.”
suppose,
= n ”
% HAT would be my chances, doctor, of pulling through?” “Your condition is not far advanced—you were sent to me early —that’s greatly in your favor,” the surgeon replied. “Your general health is good. You have a chance —that’s all I can say. And I am willing to try.” “And I am ready to undergo the operation,” the man of 59 agreed, shaking hands as if he were signing a pact with destiny. This offer and this reply began one of the many brave steps in the onward push of modern surgery. While surgery in general has advanced prodigiously during the last 60 years, the exploration of the chest until this decade had lagged behind the work in other fields. The chest was the forbidden land for surgery. It was feared that merely to open the chest would mean asphyxia and death. Even that great pioneer of the last century, the Austrian Billroth, once said with sweeping finality: — “The heart and the inside of the chest are not of the domain of the surgeon. It is prostitute surgery and will hamper its prestige and progress to attempt illogical and foolhardy operations upon the lungs and heart.” But in modern surgery nothing is called impossible until it is proved so. Experiments were begun in the laboratories; lobes, even entire lungs were removed from animals, and some of them were found to live satisfactorily. The World War, with its butchery, gave further impetus to this branch of human repair, and following the war spectacular work began in the collapsing of lungs to cure tuberculosis.
= = »
INALLY the surgeons, heartened by these triumphs, start= ed to remove human lobes that were diseased by abcess or cancer. Many of these operations were successful. And then, at last, while the whole medical world read in
The patient was turned over . .. an anesthetic under pressure was given.
wonder, several of the most daring souls took out complete lungs. This, to be sure, is dramatic surgery. It is resorted to only | when there is no other prospect | i
Qieney now an assistant clamped the vessels and the chest surgeon continued to open the underlying layers until the ribs lay bare. The sides of the wound were bristling like a pin cushion with clamps. Taking from a nurse a heavy steel instrument, the surgeon then cleaned two ribs and removed them. Now at that point only a heavy membrane separated the operating room from the delicate tissue of the lung itself. You could actuaily see the membrane bulge up and down as the patient breathed. From this moment on it would be dreadfully dangerous going. The surgeon was about to enter a world that only a few years ago it was thought no man should enter. But steadily, without hesitation, he nmiade an incision through that membrane until the damp, reddish branches of the lung were exposed. As he had feared, the lung was stuck in places to the chest wall. This greatly complicated matters. Nevertheless, with a skilled hand, one by one he removed the adhesions until the lung was free. This had been a trying ordeal. During that part of the operation fluid and blood transfusions were given. As he laid aside the instrument the surgeon straightened up and stepped back. A nurse wiped the perspiration
for the patient’s recovery. The risk obviously still is great, especially in advanced cases. And yet the man of 59, as he was wheeled into the operating room of one of our hospitals in New York at dawn on the day of his adventure, had this little fact to cling to hopefully—15 Americans have been cured successfully of cancer of the lung by surgery, five or six others in the rest of the world. The chest surgeon already had put on the white gown, the rubber gloves and cap, and over his mouth was tied the gauze mask. With narrowed eyes, he smiled at the patient. It was the smile of one traveler to another when each is going on a long journey by sep= arate ways and hopes that when the end is reached the other will be there.
The patient was turned over, his right hand grasped by an interne. An. anesthetic was given under pressure. This was to prevent the respiratory and circulatory disturbances that must be feared whenever the chest is opened. After the patient was snoring softly, a large area of his right back was colored with iodine. Then the surgeon drew a curved incision that about paralleled the shoulder blade at three inches dis= tance. No artist ever made a more beautiful curve than this.
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DISCOVER NEW PROPERTY OF RARE MINERAL, HACKMANITE
(Copyright, 1937, by Science Service) HILADELPHIA, March 4.—What may be an entirely new prop-
erty of matter has been discovered | in one of the world’s rarest minerals
| known as “Hackmanite.”
Found originally in the
rugged |
| fiords of Greenland in the early | years of the last century and later
in the old crater of Italy's volcano |
| Vesuvius, Hackmanite has long been
“| think of to explain this
|a treasured collector's piece for cientific museums, for its rarity alone. Now a clear variation of the deep blue, lapis lazuli-like mineral may take on the added merit of research value. Samuel G. Gordon, associate curator of minerals in the Academy of Natural Sciences here, explained the rare mineral and its new found property to Science Service. = = ” HE American mineralogist, O. Ivan Lee of Jersey City, N. J. has made the strange discovery that a quickly passing red-violet colored streaking of the surface of Hackmanite can be revived at will by radiating the mineral with ultraviolet rays, explained Mr. Gordon. For many years, eontinued Mr. Gordon, mineralogists have known that when a clear variety of Hack=- | manite was fractured, characteristic | and beautiful bright red-violet | splashes of color appeared on the | clean surface. Then, on exposure to | ordinary light, they passed away. Radiation with ultra-violet light, | Mr. Lee has found, brings back this | lost property at will and as many times as one wanted to perform the e iment. first thing which
one might strange
Bas
scientist, went on one of the ear ree Danish expeditions to Gvecnianl,
vival of a color-death would be| He collected specimens of many fluorescence, pointed out Mr. Gor-| minerals and shipped them back don. But this phenomenon is not | by a Danish boat, and stayed befluorescence, at least in the ordinary | hind for another six months or a sense of the term, he added. | year. But it was seven years be- | fore a boat returned to Greenland
2 2 2 | : to pick him up! ‘es Hackmanite, HE fluorescence of A e In the meantime the
that is, its brief temporary | glowing following exposure to light, |
is a characteristic salmon pink that | a8 Hackmanite, were captured by
cannot possibly be confused with a French privateersman, for the)
the bright red-violet shade of the | Napoleonic wars were in full swing. revived colors. Then, in turn, the French vesNeither is the happening one of | sel was captured by a British phosphorescence since this property | frigate and each time the barrels of Hackmanite yields a beautiful | of minerals were transferred. The blue color. | barrels were imposing looking and What really is the true explana- one may reasonably suppose that tion of the effect is thus unknown | first the French and then the Engat present but at this stage of sci- | lish thought they had a commerentific research when supposedly cially valuable cargo seizure. the external properties of matter, | at least, are well known, the dis-| 5-2 covery takes on added interest. Mr. | Lee calls the phenomenon reversible photosensitivity. | Scotland at the port of Leeds and Over and above the scientific |eventually found their ways into story of the discovery is the almost | the hands of mineralogists in Dubfantastic adventure yarn concern- | lin who studied and classified them. ing the original discovery of Hack- Mr. Giesecke, Mr. Gordon told manite. Science Service, earned his educaHackmanite was discovered in|tion by selling mineral specimens 1806-08 by an Austrian scientist | in his native Austria. In addition who later was knighted by Great| he is said to have composed sevBritain and finally became profes- | eral operas. sor of mineralogy at the Univer-! Besides the Greenland and Vesusity of Dublin. vius regions where Hackmanite is EB # » | found, varieties of it have also been specimens, first | located on the Kola Peninsula in
| HE mineral Arctic Russia and just recently in found in Greenland, themselves the province of Ontario, Canada,
had a topsy-turvy trip until they near Bancroft. finally reached their destination. | The Academy of Natural Sciences Charles Giesecke, the Austrian | Museum has now under shipment from Canada a specimen of this
eee
mens were finally landed in
> .
mineral | specimens on the Danish boat, in- | cluding what later became known |
| T any rate the Giesecke speci-|
from and beneath his glasses. “Forty minutes,” said the clock on the wall Bending over the patient again, the surgeon now placed a snare around the root of the stem of the bronchus, some way from the cancerous growth, and made it tight. This stopped the flow of blood and closed the airway.
o ” ” HEN with a quick stroke he cut the bronchus stem, pulled the lung from the wound and dropped the flaccid thing into a pan. You could see how the whitish tumor had begun to spread over the healthy tissue. It was that little cell structure, so harmless looking in the pan, that was threatening his life. From then on it was a question of closing wounds and getting out as quickly as possible. The stem and veins were sewed,
nose
gal
wie
the chest cavity was mopped out,
the curved incision over the ribs was brought together and sutured so that no air could get in. At last the operation was ended. An hour and a half it had taken. The surgeon had dreamed a spectacular dream, and for this moment at least it had come true. And as the patient was rolled back to his white chamber the surgeon retired to the doctors’ dressing room, where, accepting a light from one of a half dozen admiring internes, he drew in gratefully the soothing blue smoke of a cigaret. An hour later he visited the patient. He was out of the anesthesia, in great discomfort, but he was living. Two hours later the same was true. Those next three days were a period of the most meticulous care on the part of the nurses and doctors. Oxygen and intravenous injections were given and he was kept from the mildest form of excitement. After that the recovery was rapid, and on the fifth day he was reading his paper. Today this man of 59 goes regularly to his work-—healthy with only one lung—a symbol of a great surgical achievement—a forecast of how far the world of healing will be able to go to save a life from death.
NEXT-—When life began at 65.
ASHINGTON, March 4.—Just when industrial relations seemed most ominous, one stroke by executives in the steel industry changes the outlook completely. Not that the action of the steel industry in adopting a 40-hour | week and raising wages will solve all | labor difficulties, great as that gain
| is in itself, More important in the | long run is the apparent change of | attitude on the part of the man- | agement in substituting industrial | statesmanship for the old nobody-is-going-to-tell-me-how=to-run-my- | business policy; witness CarnegieIllinois’ formal agreement with John | Lewis henchmen, | Por years the steel industry has prided itself upon its hard-boiled | labor policy, established back in the days of cheap and unlimited immigrant labor when wages and hours were considered to be ex- | clusively the employer's business. | Last year Fortune Magazine, in a study of the steel industry, said it | was cursed with a stubborn refusal | to admit that any labor problem { existed. With the management of | this basic industry taking a more | statesmanlike view of its problems, other employers are likely to be
! encouraged to follow. |
8 ” ” ARIOUS reasons might be sug- | gested for this significant
change. Perhaps the steel management, threatened with a John Lewis strike, decided to profit by the recent experience of the automobile industry. It was faced with a long, bitter and costly labor war, against labor forces encouraged by the success of their automobile strike. Another contributing reason may have been that the steel industry did not wish to be placed in any unpatriotic light in its sit-down | strike against the Navy. For weeks | steel companies have refused to bid | on naval construction because they | objected to the Walsh-Healey act, which requires that Government | bidders cperate on a basic 40-hour week. They tried to induce the Government to make an exception fors This was refused, The Go
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Steel Takes Statesmanlike View of Problems---Clapper
By RAYMOND CLAPPER Times Special Writer
intimated that it might reopen the Government plant at Charleston, W. Va. Of more concern to the steel industry were hints that the tariff might be cut to admit foreign steel. All of this put the steel industry in the light of not co-operating in naval defense construction and in the long run might have aggravated demands for Government control or even Government manufacture of munitions and war supplies.
” nn ” HEN too, businessmen are not
blind to the fact that within the last few years, particularly under the Roosevelt Administration, there has been a change of public attitude toward the status of labor. Continued resistance was likely to provoke more bitter retaliation in the end. Business as a class could not hope to defeat the pressure for more equitable division of the rewards of industry and could only delay it and force an eventual explosion. Individually, businessmen have been quicker to see this than they have as a class. There is something about a crowd—either of employers or em= ployees—which makes it more extreme in its attitude than that of the individuals which compose it. At last, some of the biggest industrial leaders have broken through the rigid resistance of their class and are applying common sense. Possibly they are just now conceding the re-election of Roosevelt. ” ” ” INE as it is to see a great industry stepping out to handle its problems instead of letting them bang it around, there is one disturbing thing about this. These improved labor standards are being ordered by home offices to be effective in steel plants scattered throughout several states. This seems almost unconstitutional because the Supreme Court, in throwing out the Guffey act nearly a year ago, said that the relation of employer and employee was a local relation. Is this any time to be letting the Supreme Court down that?
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Our Town
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By ANTON SCHERRER
HE fact that Grace Speer hasn’t been able to use the skis she bought last July in-
vites a discussion of the Old-Fashioned
Winter, There are other reasons, too: For exam
ple, the shameless and passionate budding of the honeysuckle in the middle of February. Such a thing was unheard of 50 years ago when I was a kid. I realize, of course, that we have a vicious school
of thought that pooh-pochs any idea of the Old-Fashioned Winter. Indeed, it goes even farther and submits facts and figures, such as they are, to show that our weather hasn't changed much in the course of the last 50 years. Well, I know better. At any rate, I know that our winters used to be colder and longer, and that the snow stayed on the ground after 3 pot there. Else, how was t possible for us kids to spend the greater part of the oO skating Mr. Scherrer and sledding on the sidewalks in front of our own homes? Laugh that off, if you can. What's more, I know that 50 years ago the honeye suckle had a greater sense of decency and a higher regard for the proprieties. At any rate, I know that it never would have thought of rushing the season, because there wasn't any way of rushing it. The honeysuckle had to bide its time, just like everybody else, because when the Old-Fashioned Winter made up its mind to visit Indianapolis it stayed its appointed time. There were sound reasons for this, I think, and I might as well cite them, if only to show that I can think up some facts and figures just as good as those who don’t believe in the Old-Fashioned Winter,
" ” ”
Weather Had Room
r= one thing, we lived farther apart when I was a kid, which gave weather plenty of room to work in. That made the winter colder, and if vou don't believe it, allow me to point out that the Circle, the Plaza and the front yard of the John Herron Art Institute are still the coldest spots in Indianapolis. Of course, just now it's pretty hot inside the Herron and it's possible that some of the heat escapes into the front yard, but otherwise, it's pretty cold around there. By the same token, our way of living made the snow stay on the ground. Sure, because with all the radiation let loose by living compactly as we do now, you can't expect the snow to stay on the ground. I hope that holds those misguided moderns ‘vho claim the snow disappears nowadays because a city ordinance makes us move it. Shucks! When I was a kid, we had laws like that, too, but we didn't pay any attention to them. o on o
Wants Better Weather Reports
NYWAY, it has always appeared to me that the more facts, figures and instruments you give people, the more apt they are to go astray—especially people who have ideas about the weather. Weather reports, as probably I've said before, and, like as not, will say again, should be written by men standing in the street, in the rain and, snow, and not up in some lofty building removed from all the realities of life. That's the way they were written by C. F. R. Wappenhans, who was the weather prophet around here when I was a boy. Mr. Wappenhans always wrote two reports every day—(1) The official Gove ernment report picked up by delicate instruments, published by the newspapers and now used to dise credit the Old-Fashioned Winter, and (2) a private pocket report picked up on the street and handed out to his friends. Sure, the pocket report was the one that was right.
nt A Woman's View By MRS. WALTER FERGUSON
HAT is this strange news? Miss Mae Bittle, stenographer, calls upon American working girls to mobilize against “amorous bosses.” She even hopes to interest our peregrinating First Lady in her reform movement. We think too highly of Mrs. Roosevelt's intellie gence to believe she will aid such a plan. The thing has a preposterous sound. Does the girl realize the dangerous possibilities of such a campaign? If suc= cessful it would almost stop the wheels of industry;
| it would be as disastrous as any sit-down strike,
What, for example, would become of the fiction writers who concoct their most popular plots out of material furnished by the amorous boss and the cute stenographer? Where would the moving picture producers be? How could the publishers of the pulp magazines live and what indeed would induce girls to go into business at all? Traduce the amorous boss if you will, but if we get down to fundamentals we find he is the man who furnishes the incentive for a good deal of our feminine industrial and business progress. In reality, he is the lure which keeps many a young girl plug= : ging away at a distasteful job. Perhaps she doesn’t exactly wish him to be amor=ous in the “pawing” sense of the word, but she always hopes to run into one who will be soft-headed and romantic, in which case, if he is unattached, she may be able to wangle a proposal out of him, Less scrupulous young ladies, when the wedding ring is an impossibility, often get from him the thrill of a secretive, harmless and exciting flirtation, While we can understand Miss Bittle’s reform notions, she is letting herself be carried away by her prejudices. For nothing would so quickly plunge millions of working girls into despair as the absolute removal from business of all its amorous men. The world is a drab sort of place, at best. Why set about to kill what little romance we have left
Your Health
By DR. MORRIS FISHBEIN
Editor, American Medical Assn, Journal OBODY knows when whooping cough first ape peared, with its noises and gasping in human beings. It seems to have first been described scientifically about 1578, and for a long time did not seem to disturb doctors very much. Between 1900 and 1930, the average number of people who died each year of this disease was 6643. Most deaths from whooping cough are associated with secondary conditions, such as broncho-pneumonia or infections of the intestinal tract, and sometimes are not reported as having resulted from whooping cough, The number of school days lost because of whoop= ing cough is greater than that for any of the other infectious diseases, and almost equals that for most of the other diseases of the breathing tract combined. Whooping cough ordinarily appears in a child 7 to 10 days after he has been exposed to the disease, Cases may appear, however, as early as four days and as late as 16 days afterward. Whooping cough occurs most often in the early spring months, but may, of course, be present any time during the year. Most cases occur in children under 5 years of age. Strangely, whooping cough is the only disease that causes more deaths in girls than in boys. Eighty per cent of the deaths in children over 15 years of age in= volve girls. The explanation seems to have some=thing to do with the construction of the breathing tract in girls being different from that in boys. Whooping cough is caused by a germ. As to which germ it is, however, not all authorities are agreed. Most of them believe that a germ which was first described in 1906, and which looks a little like the influenza germ, is the one responsible.
§ A wt yi; ay sig. \ ~