Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 15 February 1937 — Page 2

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BLUM PUSHES NEUTRAL PACT ON SPAIN'S WAR

THE INDIANAPOLIS TIMES

Loyalists Will Modify Spain’s Capitalistic System, Predicts Del Vayo

(Continued from Page One) would be distinctly

“Spanish” in character. : |

od o FRANCE

| against our wills, into a positive week at the Foreign Office a mission | | factor for re-establishing normalcy , of English Protestant churches who |

af AN with the greatest determina . San Sebastian

tion.

“Never shall we forget the activ-

told me it was unanimous in stating | that no evidence was found of re- | ligious persecution in Loyal Spain.”

Rebels, and of what nationalities are they?”

jor 10 German and Italian divisions | to replace the Rebels’ demoralized Answer—"1 regard the number of | or decimated troops, foreigners fighting for the Rebels as | “It 1s not possible to foretell the | duration of the war, If Spaniards

MONDAY, FEB. 15, 1987 '

| very much superior to those on our

Howard Cables Questions lity of the German fleet in Spanish |

————— -, . UN able to

Instructs Ambassador Oppose Breakdown of Negotiations.

By United Press PARIS, Feb. 15.-—~Premier Leon Blum has instructed Andre Charles Corbin, Ambassador to Great Britain, to oppose firmly at London any

threatened collapse of efforts to at- |

tain neutrality in the Spanish civil war, it was understood today. Ambassador Corbin will insist, at a meeting of the International Committee on Nonintervention today, on effective control of shipments to Spain to prevent infiltration of mu-

“The interest of the American | public in the Spanish tragedy is general,” Mr. Howard said in his

cable. “There is great sympathy tor the people, especially for all non- | combatants. But partisanship for either belligerent is negligible be- | cause of the popular belief that a | Loyalist victory means communism while victory for the Insurgents means fascism. The average Ameri- | can finds little choice between the | systems. Due to conflicting propa- | | ganda, censorship limitations, etc. | Americans are confused regarding the issues between, and the objec- | tives of, the Spanish belligerents. “In an effort to clarify the situi- | tion for American newspapers,” Mr. | Howard continued, “I should greatly

nitions, it was said, and also to demand that Italy cease sending oops, The alternative, it was said, would be that France would resume freedom of action &s regards Spain— freedom which might impel her to aid the Loyalists.

appreciate your views on the follow | ing questions:” ! Question—"Is the Spanish Loyalist leadership communistic? In the event of a Loyalist victory, will Spain become a communistic or o- | talitarian state?” ’ : Answer—"In the last League of Ihe council of Premier Leon nations session at Geneva, replying Blum’'s Socialist Party met vester- to an arbitrary definition of the |

CRs

day to decide the question of union | Gryation in Spain by the Chilean | with Communists. It was decided | gelepate, I rejected once again the dissident Communists who have 1 logend deliberately spread by those seats in the Chamber of Deputies. who use the fight against bolshe- | Left Front Government was to con- designs of aggression and war. I tinue efforts for nonintervention jncisted that the will to win this Portugal's refusal to permit control | fang liberty, and that the indeof its ports was likely to make any nepndence of Spain necessitated the mentary Spain whereto all the anti- > Nd CAR : “ } War Supplies for Fascist elements in the country could Spain Loaded only my opinion is proved by the recent declaration of Premier Largo TAMPICO, Feb. 15.—The Spanish ent.” steamship Mar Cantabrico was ex- | went. : Charges Collusion by Fascists Spain with a cargo of war supplies and foodstuffs. . th FABIA The ship arrived yesterday from | Popular Front election in February Vera Cruz where it loaded beans |as liberal, but since September the Previously the vessel had taken left. Does this forecast some form | aboard a cargo of airplanes in New | of proletarian state in the event of than $1.000,000. | _Answer—“In February, 1936, the A net of Spanish war shivs, Popular Front fully triumphed at | to the Straits of Gibraltar, is await- pression of the real opinion of the | ing the Mar Cantabrico, country was shown, I recall that | | Portela Valladares—a politician of : the old school, especially appointed | Loyalist Ports ident By United | mora because of his ability to manPipi b age elections. 15—A Rebel | | av DO the two | appitrary actions during the cam- | phncipai ovalist Mediterranean najon including election day, it was OR Ey Yr cod | feeling of the country from being Last night, the warship poured | ghown, The Popular Front governcepital, killing 14 persons and stages by Alcala Zamora, started a wounding 30. Saturday night, a campaign, not of reprisals but of of Barcelona, Spain's largest city, an “Then began the same thing as official communique issued by the happened at the beginning of the | disclosed, | this time openly Fascist—in collu- | R ti Shi s Du | sion with a group of irresponsible | rusn IPS vue P July 18. Consequently, it was ob- | vious that the legal government By United Press . y who hated the idea of a Fascist | O1 WN . 5.—- ! TUS : . | LONDON, Feb. 13.—Two British | o.5: “directed by generals whose | Be pg Me Tipe Bg Be tion had been clearly shown during | ue the six years of Primo de Rivera's Spanish Rebel air force, off Algeria, North Africa, it was learned today. |

to merge into the Socialist Party the | legend that Spain is communistic, a { As for Spain, the policy of the | ign as a pretext to hide their | even though it was realized that ay js shared by all those who deagreement a theoretical one only. tormula of a democratic, parlia- | give their help. That this is not By United Press | Caballero to the Spanish Parlia- | pected to sail today for Loyalist | Question—"America hailed the ™H and sugar. | swing has been drastically to the | York estimated to be worth more Lovalist victory?” stretching from the Bay of Biscay | the elections in which a clear exthe elections were supervised by | Rebels Bombard by the then President Alcala ZaVALENCIA, Feb. “However, despite his efforts and | Seanorts ithin 2 rr ” jw 1 & ) > seaports within 24 hours, it was dis | jmpossible to prevent the republican | shells into Valencia, the temporary ment, presided over in its first warship bombarded the Casco area republican conciliation. Cataian Government there today, republic; namely, right elements— generals, started the coup d'etat of With Plane, Report | should be supported by all those | destroyers, Havock ana Gipsy, en- incompetence in state administra- | plane, believed to be one of the dictatorship. clements for the government cul-

“This support of all anti-Fascist

Government Swings Left | POLICE SEEK DRIVER HTS Tor Re sore, in in the inclusion in the OF STOLEN VEHICLE government of two most extreme

elements—the Basque Catholic Party on the one hand, and the National a stolen automobile which | Labor Confederation, of anarchistic knocked down five guard posts on | leanings, on the other hand. The | Fall Creek Blvd. vesterdav near 424 | participation of the latter caused a St. and plunged into the creek. greater left tendency than in the | E. G. Delgado, 5101 Kenwood Ave, government formed immediately was owner of the car. which he haq after the elections. However, this | reported stolen, does not presuppose that a proie- . tarian state in any fixed form would

Police today are seeking the driver of

MAYOR TO OPEN SERIES

Mayor Kern, speaking on “The Responsibility for Public Welfare,” is to open a series of public welfare discussions sponsored by Indiana | University Extension in the Y. W. C. A auditorium at 7:45 p. m. tonight.

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CR OEHIKS

7 v amploneg

8 Government || Rebels

Tighter and tighter the Rebel web closes about Madrid, as is shown

by this map, tracing progress of the civil war in Spain.

Most important

new gain for the Rebels is the capture of the Loyalist city, Malaga,

Spain's great south coast port. claimed that its troops had cut the

At the same time Rebel headquarters

Madrid-Valencia highway, the route

over which nearly all Loyalist supplies are brought in from the east

coast, government,

result from a triumph by Loyalist Spain.” Question—"Recognizing the exist-

ence of many political blocs within |

the Loyalist group. what form of government—that is, American, or the Soviet type republic——would receive the largest vote if a plebiscite were possible?”

Answer—"1 consider the personal-

ity of Spain sufficiently strong that | it would not form its political struc | ture at any time according to for- |

eign patterns. I consider that the most obvious pattern will be a continuation of a democratic republic which will permit extremely advanced social legislation. Naturally, the tremendous actual upheaval in Spain caused by the disloyalty of

the army, and the betrayal of the | conservative classes by their con- |

version into an instrument of for-

eign domination, make it very dif- |

ficult to predict safely the final form of government.”

Question—"Do the Lovalists desire | to abolish completely, or to modify, |

the capitalistic system?” Capitalism to Be Modified

Answer—“The Spanish capitalistic system must immediately be modified, It must be remembered that ii, is a barbarous form of capitalism with many more feudal survivals than any other form of capitalism—as is proved by the agricultural system in Andalusia, which

| is a veritable disgrace. This system

might be possible in certain American countries with extensive agrarian systems comprising huge areas without cultivation. But from a social point of view in present-day Europe such a system is intolerable and stupid, as every acre has to be cultivated to its utmost limit.

“In Andalusia there were, in 1936. whole regions belonging to one landowner which were not even cultivated, with the result that thousands of men, women and children were living at the point of starvation.” Question—“Do vou regard democ-

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the French, |

Catalonia, meanwhile, continues under its autonomous left | tential | te

racy of the British and American type as suited to the Spanish char acter and temperament?” Answer—"1 consider that this is answered by my reply to the third question.” Question—“How do you estimate | the relative numerical strength | within the Loyalist group of Repub[licans, Socialists, Communists, Synaicalists and Anarchists?” Loyal Groups Co-operate Answer—“It is difficult to estimate the exact forces which form the anti-Fascist front. The civil war has made secondary the question of the clash between different shades of opinion on the government side. However, proletarian organizations have extraordinary force in Spain | today. I admit that the Communists at present show the most enthusiasm in the defense of the re-

to certain premature experiences of agricultural collectivization.”

Question—"Because of the wide | divergence of views within both the Loyalist and Rebel camps it has | been repeatedly stated that vietory for either of the present bellig(erent factions would necessarily be followed by another civil war within the victor’s ranks. How real | is this danger?” Answer—"The perspective of a fight among anti-Fascist who have been fighting together | since the beginning of the civil war forms a part of the same maneuvers (as that of those who wish to make republican Spain appear totally incapable of anything constructive, The mere fact that, in the same trenches, Republicans, Catholics, Anarchists, Communists and Socialists fight side by has created sufficient that they even after victory.

which has been imposed on us

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| eign intervention has permitted the | series of tendentious statements res | destruction of Madrid by Gernian garding Spain spread by those who

[to defend herself and to put her | that military success was not a mo= | forces at the service of European |nopoly of the Rebels they manufac-

‘rights and world peace.”

| Question—"Would the Loyalists | | sanction permanent Catalonian in= | dependence? Could Catalonia be re-

[stored without another war?” Claims Catalans for Madrid

of the Mediterranean. Answer—“The myth of an inde“Never shall we forget that for- pendent Catalonia forms part of a

than the

planes. This is a lesson steeped In are interested in making the actual Spanish blood. Spain will come out | situation in Spain appear utterly of the conflict with sufficient means | hopeless. When these persons saw

tured the story of a totally inde- : | pendent Catalonia separated from Mass Education Pushed the rest of Spain and subjected to Question—"What, broadly, are anarchist terror. the Loyalist plans for better so- “I need only refer to the unfor= cial, labor and agrarian legislation | gettable solidarity of the Catalans

elements |

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designed to end the exploitation of | the underprivileged and to spread { education?” | Answer—“We have ideas for a new social organization which cannot actually be called plans. They are being realized gradually be- | cause the government has to com= | bine its ideas of social justice with |its obligation to win the civil war. | The government has already begun a wide education program, including the instruction of the adult | masses, and has taken economic | dispositions better to utilize the pocapacity of | economy.” Question—"“With the separation lof church and state accomplished, | will Spain duplicate Russia's effort to stamp out religion? What part, if any, is freemasonry playing within the Loyalist ranks?” Answer—“In Spain, no real anti- | religious movement exists. It must {be remembered, however, : | centuries the Catholic religion in | Spain, instead of being purely spiritual, was equally political,

Attacks Rebel Clergymen

| | “During the 1936 electoral cams= | paign in which the Popular Front

| triumphed, Spanish bishops took lan openly belligerent attitude against the republic. When the | rebellion began many churches were | converted into depots for arms {or centers of conspiracy. In the | Rebel forces, priests who joined the army have been distinguished for

“The fact that not all the Catholic clergy have taken this attitude is proved by the admirable con‘duct of many Catholics in the | Basque country. The Rebels’ hatred {of Catholic priests in the Basque | country who have put themselves on the side of the people is shown | by their cruelty in Basque villages they have captured. Their first victims are always priests who have not taken up arms against the legitimate government, “For conduct toward Catholics in

| governmental Spain I would refer | the | delegation which |

[to the declarations made by French Catholic

| recently visited Spain under the di-

rection of the well-known Catho- |

[lic woman, Mme, Malaterre-Sellier, {On the other hand, I received last

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| which was shown spontaneously | when the attack on Madrid began. | Even many foreigners during that period remember seeing in Barcelona placards stating, “To defend Madrid is to defend Catalonia.’ The futures of Barcelona and Madrid are inseparable.” Question—"“Will confiscation of land by the Loyalists for distribu|tion to the peasants be limited to | absentee landlords? Will the own= ers be reimbursed, and will the peas= [ants pay? Will the state confiscate | or appropriate industries?” Answer—“The Spanish ment, as I have already pointed out, |is at present harmonizing the prin- | [ciple that laws must be adjusted to | the fact that the real people of Spain | (have been on the side of the ca. |

govern-

ernment in the most serious upheaval in the history of the country. | This will make the government go | in for progressive social bolicies | without falling into extremes, and | will show concrete results for the | small peasant owners and for the | landless agricultural workers, It is | too early to outline what the Spanish industrial legislation will be. | However, I can affirm that through- | out the civil war the Spanish government has given the greatest attention to finding a satisfactory so= lution for treating foreign interests | in Spain.”

Denies Russian Aid

Question—“How many foreign | troops are aiding the Loyalists, and what percentage of them are | French? What percentage are Rus- | sian?” Answer—“The number of foreign | volunteers fighting on our side for liberty is much less than is gener ally believed. While it is not possible to give exact figures, I do not believe the number exceeds 10 to 12 thousand foreigners. 1 can absolutely and truthfully state that | there is not a single Russian soldier {on our fronts, In this respect what the Fascist press has said with regard to mass” expeditions of Soviet soldiers are lies.” Question = “How many foreign troops do you estimate are with the

[ had been decide among generals, who, to begin with, were | themselves, the civil war would Fascist marionettes, now play a pure=- | have ended long ago. The war has ly secondary role because Germans actually been won by the republic, and Italians occupy all the posts of but the sending of German and responsibility and are at the side of | rtalian contingents in growing num every enemy gun and machine gun.” bers may necessitate still further

Lauds Defense of Madrid | months of the bloody drenching

[of Spanish soil.” Question—"Will the fate of Ma- | hil drid decide the issue of the war? | How long will the conflict cone

tinue?” | 26, freight tx 1 ha “« | “Oy : ) ain conauctor, was Answer-“Madrid is indeed the | found dead early today on a boxcar

center of Spanish resistance. The | jn the Big Four yards. Deputy Cor= capital of Spain has written a most | oner Frank B. Ramsey said death glorious page in this new war of | was caused by heart disease. independence. Madrid, I affirm, | rn an cannot be taken now.

“Convinced that they cannot | capture Madrid by force, the Rebels | have tried to strangle the capital by various means, such as trying on numerous occasions to cut the | communication routes which al | low the feeding of the capital's inhabitants. |

side. I affirm that Franco and his

TRAIN CONDUCTOR 1S DEAD Orie V. Burch, 51, R. R. 11, Box

Foreigners Prolong War “The resistance of Madrid proved | a decisive blow for the Rebels’ morale, which is rapidly breaking down and is only sustained by the i hope that they may receive eight ;

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