Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 28 January 1937 — Page 8

LS A ~ SALVATION OF

CAIRO LAID TO LEVEE SYSTEM

Drop-in Mississippi Follows Opening of Giant Floodway.

3 \ By United Press CAIRO, Ill, Jan. 28,—The giant Birdpoint-New Madrid floodway, key point in the Mississippi Flood Control System, appeared to have saved this city of 14,000 from the worst flood in its history. The floodway, double line of levees surrounding 131,000 acres of Missouri lowland, was opened to the flood waters rolling out of the Ohio River Valley into the Mississippi at Cairo’s river front. Since that time the level of the Ohio at Cairo has fallen steadily. The Ohio touched 58.65 feet on the Cairo levee gauge Monday night. Early today it stood at 57.94. Second Crest Possible Despite the drop. "J. S. engineers warned a second flood crest may sweep past Cairo Sunday, possibly as high as 62 feet. Two thousand men prepared for the emergency by piling dirt and sand on the top of Cairo’s 60-foot seawall. When they had battled steadily for 50 hours to complete their task, they heard that a levee had “blown” at: Mound City, north of here, and rolled over the town. . If water should overflow the levee here—although no one thinks it will —~Cairo would become a huge reservoir. Steel flood gates at two highways leading into the city from the north may have to be closed to hold out backwater. If the streams come over the top, there will be no way to reach the gates and reopen them. The onrushing Ohio has .inundated more than a dozen southern Illinois towns. 50,000 Are Homeless Known dead numbered six, homeless 50,000, property damage uncounted millions. S. Mound City was flooded yesterday and 2500 residents were evacuated. One hundred twentyfive CCC workers escaped to upper stories of a Court House. Water in the town was reported almost 10 feet deep. Boats removed residents. Coast Guard boats were. to proceed there today to rescue the stranded CCC workers. Harrisburg, 22 miles west of the river, was reported 80 per cent under water. Of 14,000 residents, 4500 had been evacuated. Mass inoculation against disease was begun. There was no water to drink because a sandbag embankment around the pumping plant gave out. Many residents had stored water in jugs and bottles. A million dollar mine was ruined. At Mounds, water was reported 10 feet deep. Three were drowned trying to rescue cattle.

GREENWOOD PILOTS FEDERAL GROP BILL

Emergency Credit Would Be Provided Farmers.

Times Special WASHINGTON, Jan. 28.—As a ranking member of the Rules Committee, Rep. Arthur H. Greenwood of the Seventh Indiana District piloted the $50,000,000 Crop Loan Bill through the House. The measure would provide seed loans up to $400 to farmers for 1937 to bear 4 per cent interest. Mr. Greenwood explained that the Rules Committee considered the hill an emergency measure as planting soon will start in the South. “This credit is furnished to a class of farmers not otherwise able to obtain credit,” he said. “Many are tenant farmers without land or resources. “This, will carry them over, both in the drought area.-and in the flood district, where many of them will have their property and their seed, livestock and feed swept away by the floods. They will need the ad- _ vantages of credit. “People without resources always have to pay a higher rate of interest to get a small loan for putting in a crop.” . Under the bill the loans are to be made by the Farm Credit Administration.

>a While Missouri troops held back angry, menacing farmers who protested flooding of their lands in the 130,000-acre flood reserve area be-

tween Bird’s Point and New Madrid, Mo., engineers dynamited the levee, as shown in the left photo, to relieve pressure at Cairo, Ill. Right,

—Acme Telephoto.

a striking photo as pent-up waters of the Ohio and Mississippi roared through the 75-foot gap the blast made in the levee. Approximately 350 farm families were forced to move from their homes when the low-

lands area was flooded.

By United Press

sued by the U. S. Army Engineers.

Barring Further Rainfall, Feet, Arriving Feb. 5-7, Federal Observer Reports in Official Statement.

Weather Bureau Predicts Memphis Crest 5 Feet Under Army's Estimate

Highest Stage Will Be 48

MEMPHIS, Tenn., Jan. 28.—The U. S. Weather Burens predicted the flood crest at Memphis would be 48 feei—five feet under the estimate is-

“We think the probable crest, paring further heavy rainfall, will be Memphis, 48 feet by Feb. 5 to 7; Helena, 57.5 to 58 feet, Feb 7 to 9,” the official Weather Bureau statement said.

At the same time Army engineers reported today that “satisfactory progress” is being maintained in holding Mississippi. River levees. The United States Army, reinforced by thousands of civilians, held, its own today in a mighty battle to keep the rampant Mississippi from breaking levees and spreading a new waterwall of death and destruction over a 50,000 square mile area. Already the death toll for .Arkansas, Mississippi, Tennessee and Missouri stood at 56 with thousands ill. The threat of pestilence. and famine in the four states was fought by the Red Cross. While Army engineers ‘worked feverishly to hold the levees, another group of the Army stood ready to evacuate thousands upon thousands of Mississippi Valley residents should the bulwarks break. Meiriphis became the flood center of the country, with both relief and control headquarters centered here. It also took over the main work of caring for refugees, planning on handling 50,000. The city is on a high bluff and safe from any flood.

Stage at 44.7 Feet

The Mississippi continued its steady rise with the Memphis stage

at 44.7 feet early today.

The high waters sweeping through small towns and villages and rural farms have resulted in 29 deaths in Arkansas, 9 in Tennessee, 14 in Missouri, and 4 in Mississippi. Red Cross officials estimated 130,000 were homeless in this area, and property damage was more than $30,000,000 with Rearly 2,000,000 acres inundated. Fear of an influenza epidemic spread as more thar} 2,000 cases developed. Memphis reported 500 cases in one refugee colony of 8000.

Evacuation Proceeds

Evacuation work under the Red Cross proceeded orderly in the flooded towns. Paducah, Ky. was removing persons from 9000 flooded homes at the rate of 800 an hour. Many were ill with. influenza and needed hospitalization. Lewisport and Calgoun, Ky., were virtually deserted cilies. Refugees huddled on high ground waiting for transportation to cities where they could be furnished food and medical supplies. South Arkansas was under martial law with National Guardsmen in

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control. The troopers augmented regular soldiers and civilians at Mellwood, where a break in the levee is threatened. The Red Cross ordered Mellwood evacuated and about half of the 50,000 residents of the lowlands in that area were removed in box cars. Five Drowned

Five were drowned at Monette, Ark., when a rowboat turned over. Truman and Monette, were inundated by breaks in the St. Francis River embankment. Twenty-five hundred WPA work-

ers were placed on the levee at New Madrid, Mo., to strengthen it. There were several minor breaks but the men stopped the leaks before the walls crumbled. Evacuation of New Madrid eontinued. Hickman and Tiptonville, Tenn., fought back a flood crest moving down the Mississippi channel at a speed of 15 miles an hour. Both towns were evacuated and about 400 homes in the lower suburbs of Memphis were feeling a backwash from the flood.

Shortages in Small Cities

Memphis had sufficient food and medical supplies to care for the 10,000 that had arrived, but many of the smaller cities reported shortages of food and vaccines. From Cairo, Ill. to Natchez, Miss., the countryside was alert to danger. The crest of the flood is not expected to reach Memphis until Tuesday when a stage of 53 feet is expected. The crest will reach Natchez about five days later. Livestock by the hundreds are being swept to death as farmers desert the lowlands.

REFUGEES FIND FUN ON TRAIN

Woman Coming Here Says / Some Even Brought Pets Along.

By CONSTANCE PEARCE MOWER Written for /The Times I am a flood reftigee from Evansville. I stood up on a train from home to Terre Haute. From Evansville. to Vincennes I was cramped with others in the vestibule. From there to Terre Haute I rode in &tyle—I stood in a tiny space inside a coach. At the Evansville station word circulated that there would be no room for baggage on the train which was to take 1200 persons to safety. Then everybody started scrambling for the valuables tucked away in their grips. I saw one woman grab a bottle of cold cream; another clutched for a magazine. I turned my silver over to my husband, Edward Mower, who stayed on with some friends in a house high and dry on a hill... I'm not worrying about him because the has plenty of distilled water and a well-fiiled cupboard. Pets Ride, Too

One woman tried to get on the train with her pet monkey bundled up in a shopping bag. The brakeman saw the animal and sent it to a - coach behind the baggage car, housing dogs, birds and cats. Shortly after we started for the long ride, I heard a soit cooing. I stood on tiptoe to see what was making the noise. A woman was talking softly into a®pasteboard box. Inside was her pet dove, which she was trying to quiet so the conductor wouldn't discover it. He did, but he let her keep it. : The conductor was amazed at the passengers’ high spirits. Three men who clowned all the way from Evansville to Terre Haute were responsible. They made us laugh in spite of our plights.

“Good Luck, Boys”

~ A man brought two children to the train, handed them a box and small

$2,831,361

By United Press WASHINGTON, Jan. 28.— The Red Cross today reported contributions of $2,831,361 in its drive for a $10,000,000 flood relief fund. Contributions included $25,000 from J. P. Morgan Co. New York; $25,000 from United Fruit Co., Boston; $15,000 from Kuhn Loeb & Co., New York; $10,000 from Standard Brands, New York; $10,000 from the New York Stock Exchange, and $10,000 more collected from the individual - members of the exchange.

suitcase and left them with “Good luck to you, boys.” An 80-year-old man sat on the floor. One woman who had to evacuate her home hur-

riedly when the levee broke had all.

the valuables she could snatch up in a bright-colored afghan, she had torn from her davenport. In the train there were teachers, lawyers, a World War colonel and persons from every walk of life. There weren't enough stretchers to carry all those who were il] to the hospital cars. They were picked up in rescuers’ arms ahd dropped in seats. I couldn’t find my father, Harry Pearce, when I got off the train. I dashed to a telephone booth. Then I saw him coming toward me. I dropped in the nickel, anyway, screamed at him and left behind the newspaper that I had clutched all the way from Evansville.

In the prevention of common colds it is highly important that normal elimination be maintained.

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IRIVER RECEDES

AT LOUISVILLE INSPITE OF RAIN

Drop Expected to Be Slow Because of Amount Of Backwater.

By United Press LOUISVILLE, Ky. Jan. 28.—The Ohio River had fallen three-tenths of a foot from its high of 57.1 feet at 10:30 a. m., the Weather Bureau announced, despite a rainy morning. Indications were that it would continue to recede slowly because of the tremendous amount of backwater from sewers covering sections of Louisville. The weather forecast was for occasional rain today and tomorrow with possible snow and colder tomorrow. It was too soon to think of rehabilitation. The river's drop was sO slow as to be almost imperceptible. There were dead to be buried, bodies to be found in the mudcaked debris. There were sick to be cured, healthy persons to be protected from epidemic disease which became more threatening as the water dropped. Hospitals were crowded with sick and dead. Sanitation, from modern standards, did not exist, More than 125,000 persons have been inoculated against typhoid fever, and hundreds of others waited their turns at medical depots. Expect to Find Bodies Only when the river returns to its channel does Louisville expect to know the real horror of its inundation. Already some have been

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found dead in buildings where they were thought to be marooned. It was hardly conceivable that others will not be found trapped in rooms still under water, that some have not been swept down river. Louisville's principal undertakers said they knew of 130 deaths. There is no way to determine how many more have died in the outlying sections where the flood was worst, they said. Dr. Hugh Rodman Leavell, health commissioner, said 130 had drowned. He said bodies are being found in homes and floating in flood waters.

Mayor Neville Miller said there have been 200 deaths in Lcuisville since the flood began. His figure, he. added, includes the normal death rate. It was estimated unofficially that 20 persons die in Louisville daily under normal conditions. Leavell said the identified dead have been embalmed. The unidentified have been buried in cemeteries above reach of the water. He said there are 33 bodies in one hospital, 27 in another. Hospitals and emergency relief stations scattered

{throughout the flood 2zone hold

others. Real Threat Coming

Typhoid, one of the most dreaded of epidemic diseases, will deliver its real threat after the water has receded and when overanxious people return too soon to homes not yet fit fo live in. Dr. George M. Lawson of the City Health Department said communicable disease was prevalent in some of the refugee Sitivns. The number already infected may not be known for several days, because most such diseases require several days to incubate. Pneumonia was the most common. There were isolated cases of scarlet fever and influenza. There were no definitely diagnosed instances of smallpox or typhoid, but sanitation conditions were conducive to both The homeless were crowded together in empty buildings, with few if any sanitary facilities. Physically

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exhausted, their fesistance io disease was at a low ebb. Vile water covered great sections of the city. Drinking water was rationed. Some were afraid to even

‘wash in the water that trickled froth

their faucets two hours each day. Many restaurants used water spar= ingly to wash dishes and custo mers took their chances, The policemen, soldiers and fire= men and hundreds of volunteers struggled with feeble transportation facilities to get as many of the homeless out of the city as possiblé," Groups of 50 to .5000 were being organized for evacuation. The business seetion of the city will be evacuated, too, until property owners can estimate their losses. They will run nto millions of dole lars. The four miles of vellow water sweeping over the city carried roofs of houses, automobile tops, and house furnishings. Motorboats cruising the flooded area collided with submerged automobiles. What devastation lay beneath the water will not be known for days—perhaps weeks. ; Gas Mains Break Fire remained a constant threat, not only to the refugees but to scores of buildings abandoned in the flood. Gas mains have. burst in some districts. No ligh®s are permitted there at all. Soldiers manhandled any who refused to obey their prohibition of smoking. Outbreaks of looting were feared as soon as it is possible to reach presently submerged buildings on foot.

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