Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 25 January 1937 — Page 10

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Second Section

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"Vagabond

FROM INDIANA

ERNIE PYLE ANTA FE, N. M,, Jan. 25.—What a gentleman is Carlos Vierra! His voice is quiet and even, and when he speaks of his great love for the sweeping New Mexican mesas, or the roll and pull of the sea upon a man’s soul,

| he holds hig handsome goateed face down to one side as though he were embarrassed at his own words. Carlos Vierra is the first painter ever to live permanently in Santa Fe. In 32 years the city has grown around ®. him into one of America’s greatest : art colonies. He has seen it change from a friendly, simple "place into a colony with many freaks and pretenders, and with great genius, too. But he has not been intolerant of the changes. He sees them all, . and knows them, and looks upon “ them with kindly eyes, and goes his quiet way. : And he has seen his own life develop as remarkably. Thirty-two years ago Carlos Vierra was a dying man, living alone in a mountain hut. Today he is hale and hearty, comfortably well off, with friends and many interests. And his home is one of the most beautiful in Santa Fe. He isn’t rich. He isn’t any more than well-to-do. But what he has, he has made himself. He built his own house, with his own hands, and it is a big house. He designed it, labored at it, changed it as he went along. “It is really a piece of sculpture,” he says. Art has been his theme from the time he was a hoy. He is past 50 now, and art is still his main theme. Through the years he has had to eke out with other things—odd jobs, other talents—but art has been his life. His painting talent has brought him most of the worldly possessions he has today.

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Portuguese Extraction

ARLOS VIERRA is of Portuguese extraction. His father followed the sea. Buf when he saw California, there he stuck, and there Carlos was born. Boyhood on a ranch near Monterrey gave Carlos a ‘love for the outdoors. When he was a young man he went to San Francisco to art school. San Francisco Bay became his weakness, and still is. He used to sit dreaming on the docks. watching the graceful sails. He wanted to go to hin get background for his art. And he did go to sea. « Finally, when his schooling was almost finished, he shipped as a seaman for New York, around the Horn. His pay came to $100.10. It took five months to make the voyage and accumulate that money. He couldn't get a’ job. Finally in desperation he walked right across the office boy's feet and into the office of a magazine, and sold a picture for $75. For two vears he had more work than he could do. He had been hurt coming round the Horn. Had been caught on a spar, crushed there by a full whipping sail, and his chest was injured. Trying to do too much work in New York drove that injured chest into tuberculosis. . The doctors told him to go southwest to die. 2 zn ”

Come (o Sania Fe

E came to Santa Fe. That was 1904. For a year he lived alone in a cabin out in the mountains. * Slept in a hammock between two trees. One night a wild animal stuck its nose in his face. He was paralyzed. But it turned out to be a St. Bernard dog. He did. not paint. nor work at all, fcr three years. Then he bought a little photographic shop, which was the nearest thing to art he could find. From there he went on up into healthier days, and better ones. He joined the National Guard and became a crack marksman. : : I sat in his studio one night while he showed his paintings to four visitors from- the East. He showed probably 50. They were of painted.desert, and Indian pueblo, and cottonwood and little cedar on the hillsides, and full arroyos and black mountains before a storm. . They are all Southwest landscapes—all but two. . They were sea pictures. They had the sea in them, all right. even though their painter had not been to “sea for 30 years. 4 :

Mrs.Roosevelt's Day ‘By ELEANOR ROOSEVELT

ASHINGTON, Sunday.—Saturday was a memorable day! I actually was able to pay enough attention to my guests to take them sightseeing in the morning. We went to see the frescoes in the Postoffice Building and in the Department of Justice Building. Then we went back to the Division of Fine ~ Arts in the Procurement Division and saw many of the models showing the decorations in postoffices and other public buildings throughout the country. They have paintings which have been done for use in the decoration of public buildings and. some which are to be sent out as exhibitions to. schools and colleges. » 'W. E. Reynolds, assistant director in charge of public - buildings in the Procurement Division, came down just as we were leaving and asked us if we would like {o see their architectural exhibition. The division gives space and the various manufacturers and producers put in their own exhibits. One room: was lined with samples of American

marble from all the different states that produce:

marble. One room has cabinets with the names of States on them, and in them are exhibits of all the different types of building materials. There is an aluminum room, with aluminum curtains which were. new to me. A room lined with building glass, all kinds of woods. floorings and tiles. To anyone interested in housing this is a fascinating exhibition. For Government architects it serves as a library where they can go to look for anything pertaining to their profession in the way of building materials and supplies.

New Books

PUBLIC LIBRARY PRESENTS—

IV 1851 there came to Madison, Ind., a young Jewish couple who sought in the New World a refuge from the political and military despotism of Bohemia. After two years they moved td Louisville, Ky. where a flourishing grain business brought them comfort,

then affluence; and it was here in 1856 that Louis

Brandeis, their fourth child, a future member of their adopted country's Supreme Court, wa¥ born. BRANDEIS: THE PERSONAL HISTORY OF AN AMERICAN IDEAL, by Alfred Lief (Stackpole Sons), recounts in enlightening detail the story of Brandeis’ career, from Harvard and his distinguished legal practice in Boston, to his appointment to the Supreme Bench 2nd, subsequently, the recent New Deal decisions. #A11 engrossing story is unfolded in a sympathetic and careful analysis of theldevelopment of the great jurist’s social and judicial attitudes, as his keen mind and inviolable integrity attack one legal problem after another. This story is at the same time the history of liberal legal precedent in the United States. President Wilson's remark, “A talk with Brandeis always sweeps the cobwebs out of one’s mind,” applies with almost equal force to the reading of this hook, with a resulting conception of what battles have been fought to preserve the ideals of democracy. n n =

GENERATION or so ago, according to Stephen Leacock, “practically the whole range of literary, artistic, and musical effort” was covered by the de- . scription “pieces.” Any performance planned to amuse people was called “a funny piece.” From this tradition of the past Leacock has borrowed the name FUNNY PIECES (Dodd) for: his recent collection ot humorous random sketches describing the absurdities of the average man in pursuing the problems of daily life. The subjects vary from “Getting by at College,” to caustic comments on know-it-all book reviewers and opinions of great minds on subjects national and “international about which they know nothing. To quote Isabel Patterson, “No ddequate or appropriate method of reviewing a humorous book has ever been discovered. It is either funny or it isn’t, and what mort can be said? Mr, Leacock ¥ funny.”

The Indianapolis Times

MONDAY, JANUARY 25, 1937

Fntered as Second-Class Matter Indianapolis,

at Postoffice,

PAGE 9

Ind.

THEY DIE BY THE THOUSA 36 Traffic Toll in U. S. Expected to Top 1935s Despite

Safety Drives

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; (The first of a series, based on comprehensive surveys in major cities, in which will be set forth specific steps in 1936 toward reduction of traffic fatalities.) ESPITE stringent tight- : ening of the law—and a sharp public consciousness of what many have described as preventable mass murder — the automobile held . in 1936 its dubious prestige as Mechancial

Death Dealer No. 1. Complete United States totals

_of auto deaths last year are not

yet available, but tentative estimates by the National Safety Council indicate that 1935’s tragic toll of 36,143 dead, will be increased by about 500 for 1936. This terrifying picture holds, however, at least one ray of hope. Cities seem to have made material progress in throttling the deathdealing motor car. A preliminary compilation by the Census Bureau shows that urban traffic fatalities in 131 cities were 322 fewer in 1936 (a net drop of 4.4 per cent) than in 1935. Which means, of course, that rural deaths still are on the increase. The Census Bureau figures, admittedly provisional, are important in that they indicate with fair accuracy a trend. Doublechecked by Editorial Research Reports’ correspondents, local totals in eight large -cities—Birmingham, Ala.; Chicago, Des Moines, New York City, Omaha, Philadelphia, Pittsburgh and San Francisco — showed wide variations from the Federal figures. In two cities—Albany, N. Y., and Youngstown, O.—the totals were the same. ” n o N the cases of San Francisco, Philadelphia and Chicago— discrepancies were sufficient to reverse the showing made by the Government report. The Cexisus Bureau listed 90 deaths in San Francisco last year against 60 in 1935, an increase of 50 per cent. The San Francisco county coroner’s records showed

102 deaths in 1936 and 111 in 1935,

a decrease of about 8 per cent. In Philadelphia, the Government estimate was 278 deaths last year against 245 in 1935, an increase of 13.5 per cent. The Philadelphia Accident Prevention Bureau places the totals at 274 against 332—a very substantial decrease.

Conversely, Government figures for Chicago showed a decrease of 8.8 per cent in automobile deaths. The Keep Chicago Safe Committee estimates that the final record will show an increase of 5.1 per cent over 1935. Birmingham, deaths in 1936 against 42 in 1935, actually had 63 deaths compared with ‘51—still an increase. Omaha, showing the largest percentage drop among major

cities (according to the Census -

Bureau) with only 17 deaths in 1936 compared with 42 in 1935, actually had 25 deaths compared with 41, which reduces sharply its comparative record and transfers the laurel wreath of “best” to Des Moines (listed by the Census Bureau as second on a percentage basis among cities of over 100,000 population). The Government figures for Des Moines place 1935 deaths at 20 against 39 in 1935. Local reports give the figures as 27 and 47 respectively. Pittsburgh's 1936 figure was listed by the Government as 127

listed with 54 | and drunken driving.

Four persons died when this car struck a concrete abutment on W. Washingion St.

against 122 In 1935. The Pittsburgh Better Traffic Committee estimates 145 against 133. New York's reported totals were 932 against 1070; actually they were 905 and 1032. . J ” -o 2 UCH discrepancies as these seem unavoidable and it is probable that some of the local figures will be changed substantially when a final accounting is made. Among vital facilities which most American cities do not have at present is an accurate, complete and continuing system for recording even such grim statistics as those covering violent death. : Cold statistics, favorable though they appear in so far as urban ceaths are concerned, do not begin to tell the story of the frantic, half terror-stricken steps taken in scores of cities to control and abate the threat of high speeds reckless, irresponsible or

Detailed reports of the 1936 traffic picture, as written for Editorial 22search Reports by its correspondents in a dozen representative cities, reveal that public consciousness has been awakened as never before to the urgent need of curbing this useless slaughter. These reports will ‘be analyzed in detail in subsequent articles in this series. In general, they all show a drastic tightening of regulations by agencies concerned with public safety, and mass educational campaigns by civic groups, official organizations, and newspapers. Everywhere, increased attention is being given to the safety of school children, and one of the

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more remarkable records of 1936 is that in a very considerable number of cities, child traffic deaths have declined sharply. Possibly the most important single development, however, as indicated by these surveys, is the unrelenting attitude now being shown by the courts. “Unfixable” traffic tickets have come to stay in dozens of cities, as have uniform scales of fines and other penalties. In Chicago, the drunken driver now goes to jail as a matter of course; in Columbus, O., police quite recently have started to haul traffic offenders to the Police Station instead of leaving tickets. 2 x =z

LTHOUGH traffiic deaths for Marion County were greater in 1936 than in 1935, a percentage decrease of 9.0 was reported for Indianapolis proper. Other cities reporting a percentage decrease in traffic fatalities last year

-compared to 1935 were:

Akron, 25.4; Altoona, Pa. 10.0; Atlanta, 2.2; Augusta, Ga. 23.1; Baltimore, 12.8; Berkeley, 35.3; Boston, . 6.9; Bridgeport, Conn. 15.8; Buffalo, 2.8; Camden, N. J, 433; Canton, O., 35.7; Chicago, 8.8; Cincinnati, 3.2; Columbus, O., 2.8; _Dallas, 15.1; Des Moines, 48.7, Durham, N, C., 46.2; East Orange, N. J., 42.9; El Paso,

23.8; Flint, Mich., 4.9; Ft. Wayne,.

17.6; Galveston, 58.8; Glendale, Cal, 36.8; Grand Rapids, 4.5; Hamilton, O., 44.4; Jersey City, 4.5; Kansas City, Mo., 8.8; Knoxville, 11.8; Long Beach, Cal, 2.1; Los Angeles, 4.0; Lowell, Mass, 28.6; Lynn, Mass., 12.5: Madison, 27.3; Malden, Mass. 12.5; Manchester, N. H., 76.2; Miami, 32.7; Minneapolis, 9.2; Montgomery,

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. AGE oF 6, WROTE HIS VERSION Of JESSE JAMES’ AND GAVE THE TARKINGTON INTERPRETATION OF THE PLAY BY DIRECTING THE BOYISH PLAVERS IN THE BARN-THEATRE PRODUCTION « BORN (N INDIONAPOUS ¢ « RECEIVED HIS PREP. TRAINING AT PHILLIPS EXETER: ACAD. AND THEN WENT To PURDUE UNIV. WHERE HE STUDIED FOR 2 YRS. BEFORE MOVING TO PRINCETON « HAS UNTIRINGLY PARTICIPATED JN MANY CAMPUS ACTIVITIES « HAS CONTRIBUTED. ARTICLES TO. EDITORS DURING § VEARS AFTER GRADUATION ¢ '« «

HE 1S A COLLECTOR OF SHIP MODELS AND MARINE INS : Ag FONSTRUMENTS «PENDS HIS SUMMERS

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AKING A MILITANT eAMPAIGN, ELECTED ON REP, TICKET To STATE. LEGISLATURE PROPOSED AND THROUGH (T TEcAM

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\ HE TURNED FROM SHORT STORY WRI NG TO NOVEL WRITING ¢ MOST POPULAR OF Hi ETH GENTLEMAN FROM | : i 1

DIANA’, PE NROY SAM SEVENTEEN” ls ANT

ALICE ADAMS”, "THE TURMOIL MONSIEUR BEAUCAIREY AND GENTLE Juuia’™ HAS TWICE WON THE PULITZER PRIZE FOR UTERATURE AND WAS AWARDED THE GOLD MEDAL OF THE Nation 8, Ny (Tule ZF is ND SCIENCE IN 1933.4 IN \GH]) | DRAMATIC eLUp » N HE INDIANAPOLIS

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| belligerent, was on | particularly bellicose.

Ala., 33.3: Newark, 17.0; New Orleans. 30.5: New York, 129; Omaha, 59.5; Paterson, N. J., 29.6; Peoria, Ill., 44.0; Pueblo, Colo, 57.1; Richmond, Va. 7.1; Roanoke, Va., 717.8; Sacramento, 16.7, St. Louis, 38.9; St. Paul, 4.9; San Diego, 30.5; Schenectady, 42.9; Springfield, Ill, 16.0; Springfield, 0. 20.0; Tampa, 6.7; Toledo, 9.2; Washington, D. C., 18.3; Waterbury, Conn. 26.3; Worcester, Mass, 288; Yonkers, N. YY, 1.1; York, Pa., 25.0; Youngstown, O,, 21.2.

o ” ITIES showing percentage increases in auto deaths follow: Albany, 23.8; Beaumont, Tex, 100; Binghamton, N. Y., 55.6; Birmingham, 28.6; Cambridge, Mass, 27.8; Charleston, S. C., 80; Charleston, W. Vva., 42.9; Cleveland, 6.1; Dayton, 5.9; Denver, 6.2; Detroit, 19; Duluth, 26.3; Erie, Pa., 17.5; Evansville, Ind. 56.5; Fall River, Mass, 57.1; Ft. Worth, 17.6: Hammond, Ind. 25.9; Hartford, 28.6: Hoboken, N. J. 150; Houston, 11.3; Jackson, Miss., 66.7; Kansas City, Kas, 16.7; Kenosha, Wis., 17.6; Lansing, Mich, 36.4; Lawrence, Mass., 14.3; Louisville,

15.4} | Memphis, 10; Milwaukee, 96 oh Ala. 18.3; Nashville, Tenl., 147: New Bedford, Mass., H5 Newton, -Mass., 100; Oaknc | Cal. 21.9; Oklahoma City, 34.5 | Pasadena, 66.7;- Philadelphia, 13.51! Pittsburgh, 4.1; Pontiac, Miciy. 55.6; Port Arthur, Tex, 166.41 Portland, Me. 14.3; Portlancd Ore., 19.7; Providence, 22.7; Rac: fie, Wis.,, 70; Rochester, 13; Rocliford, Ill., 30.8; Salt Lake City, 30: ‘ian Antonio, 9.1; San Fran=visce | 50; Seattle, 4.3; Somerville, Mas: 36.4; Springfield, Mass, 25: i yracuse, 31.6; Tacoma, Wash., 2.9; [I'opeka, 90; Trenton, N. J. 11.8; (Wilmington, Del., 36.4. Cilies showing no change in traff.? death rate from 1935 to 1936 vere: Cleveland Heights, O.; Greensboro! |N. C.; Highland Park, Mich.; Jackipn, Mich.; Macon, Ga.; Motu it Vernon, N. Y.; New Haven, San Jose, South Bend, Spokane, Utica{ N. Y. Cic aro, Ill, showed one death in 1036; none in 1935.

Ne. {—How New York and Chicago have put teeth in traffic law ¢nforcement.

Lewis Stuck Out Neck in Strike Statemer t—Sullivan

BY MARK

ASHINGTON, Jan. 25.—At 5 o'clock last Thursday afternoon, Chairman John L. Lewis of C. I. 0. conducting the strike against General Motors, held a press conference. Mr, Lewis, at all times this occasion

Some of Mr. Lewis’ manner and some of what he said was what any temperamental leader might have said in the midst of a fight. Some of it might be explained as intended to bolster the morale of the strikers. Some might be accounted for as being designed to offset newspaper stories that Mr. Lewis and his C. i. 0. were weakening—there had been stories that the strike had been started by overeager lieutenants earlier than Mr. Lewis had intended. and that Mr. Lewis was embarrassed and disposed to pull in his horns a little.

To all this Mr. Lewis said: “This

strike is. going to be .fought-to a:

successful conclusion. General Motors might as well settie now as farther up the street. After General Motors has signed a contract, we'll expect Mr. Ford and Mr. Chrysler to do a little collective bargaining.” Mr. Lewis spoke also. of his intention to organize the steel industry. 2,8 =» UT the thing that stood out conspicuously, the thing which created the impression that Mr, Lewis had called the press conference for a specific purpose, were his allusions to President Roosevelt. This impression was increased by the fact that at the same moment Mr. Roosevelt's Secretary of Labor, Miss Perkins, was holding a series of practically continuous conferences with strike leaders and Gen-

eral Motors officials to settle the |

strike. Among other things, Mr. Lewis said: “We have advised the Administration, through the Secretary of Labor and the Governor of Michigan, that for six months the economic royalists, represented by General Motors, the du Ponts, Sloan

‘| and others, contributed their money

and used their energy to drive the President of the United States out of Washington and this Administration out of power. The Administration asked labor to‘help it repel this attack, and labor helped the President to repel the economic royalists. The same economic royalists now have their fangs in labor, and labor expects the Administration to support the auto workers in every legal way in their fight. This is no time for neutrality, no time for pussyfooting.” When asked by a reporter if his statement meant. the Administra-

| tion had been. “pussyfooting,” .

SULLIVAN Lewis replied: “It means what it says.” 2 &. il # 8 2 T:10:30 Friday forenoon, Presi4. 8 nt Roosevelt held one of his regula; semi-weekly press conferencis. Some one asked him if he ba. anything to say about the automsbile strike. . Mr. Roosevelt repliect! with a manner of carefully chobsii'g his words: “In the interest iif peace there come moments when :latements, conversations and headlifes are not in order.” The tassumption is universal that Mr. Rrosevelt was thus replying throug?i the newspapers to what Mr. Lewis #3ad said through the newspapers? ¢ The tvackground of the episode goes back to early in the Roosevelt Adminstration. Mr. Lewis, as head B: United Mine Workers, felt 12 and his organization were benefited by some of the nt's legislation and actions.

that | greatly Presi As

i became intere tt of Mr. Roosevelt's re-elec-tion, # Mr. Lewis’ United Mine Worl rs spent a total of $469,668.91 —thel largest contribution the New Deal I received and probably the large in history. . Mri Lewis’ public recalling of sport of the President was undotibtedly meant to put Mr. Roosé¢velt “on the spot,” to “turn the leat on” him. It must have been [ineant to embarrass the President! not only as a reminder of the oh Mr. Lewis thinks the at owes him. The incident arrassing to the President in respect. For when Mr. aid “labor expects,” he was z more cterritory than the ‘arrant. . The truth is a large % organized labor hates Mr. Lewis||i nd wants him and his strike defeat. ¢tubtedly Mr. Lewis, in his ac's week, has “stuck out his liretty far. If Mr. Roosevelt at Mr. Lewis was trying to

’ he was justi- |

MM so feeling.

Hl KNOW YOUR | INDIANAPOLIS

division of child hygiene Health Board maintains ant welfare clinics and a 1 dental clinic at the Jospital. Seven specialists lin infant diseases and seveli fleld nurses instruct motjers.

Our Town

By ANTON SCHERRER

DIVERSION that gives me much innocent pleasure is the charting of the exact cultural center of Indianapolis. It's moving westward. This year, for instance, the exact spot is halfway between Irvington

and Mr. Ayres’ store. Thus, it is a matter of a couple of miles west of where it was three years ago. More specifically, the exact cultural center this year is near the working hours of Margaret Burnside

and Ella Sengenberger. It is also, as I found out for myself, mighty close to four filling stations, three shoppes, two taverns, two dentists and nine “For Rent” signs. The exact spot is occupied by Arsenal Technical Schools. I'm sure about the location be- . cause last week I ran-across “Burning Candle.” a collection of 127 poems by 61 Tech students. The book, published in December, 1936, was edited by Margaret Burnside, instructor in English, and put into shape by Ella Sengenberger, director of publications, Fred Polley did the cover and frontispiece, and Dee Witt S. Morgan the foreworc, and altogether it's as nice a job as I've seen in a long time. Coming from me, this means something, because I'm not an easy pushover for poets. I haven't been ever since the day my teachers—God bless ’em—tried to tell me what was good for me in the way of poetry, Up to that time, I remember, I had a rather high regard for Shelley's “Ode to a Skylark,” but when I reached high school, it was my bad luck to have the poem explained to me. After the explanation, Shelley’s “Skylark” looked like a bird plucked of all its feathers, and ever since that experience I've wondered whether poets were worth fooling with. n n n

Too Much Advice

NYWAY, that's the reason I don't allow people to tell me what is good for me. You have no idea how many people there are today who are trying to te!l me what is good for me—critics, ad writers, reformers, reviewers and, of course, teachers. The technique in all cases is the same and seems to proceed on the theory that people like myself can be induced to do anything—eat, drink, marry and even go out of their way to read poetry—just because somebody in authority tells them it's good for them, ” un ”

It Doesn’t Always Work

ELL, it doesn’t always work that way, and the present low esteem in which spinach, carrots and buttermilk are held is proof of what I'm talking about. Keats, Shelley and Thackeray are down and out today because our overzealous teachers tried to impress us kids with the one fact that they were good for us. And if some of our critics don’t look out, Bach, Beethoven and Brahms will be in the same fix before long. That's why I'm not going to tefl you that “Burning Candle” is something you ought to read, because, like as not, if you are anything like I am, you’ll get sore and read a mystery story instead. Some of the poems in “Burning Candle” are mighty good, though.

A Woman's View

By MRS. WALTER FERGUSON

“PP ETTER luck next time,” said the latest Mrs. John Barrymore as she airily dismissed the ‘great love” which only last summer she declared to be an eternal passion. Actor John and the fair Elaine were married Nov. 8, 1936, and on Jan. 15, 1937; the lady sued for divorce and the little items of $10,000 for attorney's fees, $1000 for court costs and “reasonable alimony.” If that is modern love, we want none of it. Give us the romantic idealism of our youth; the “Under the Old Apple Tree” sentimentalism. “Better luck next time” has become a slogan for the marriage experimenters. “What's the difference?” they say. “We'll have a try at it just for the fun of the thing and if it doesn't work—well, better luck next time.” But they seldom do have better luck, if you will notice. Instead they go merrily on, inconstant themselves and attracted to the inconstant, until they finally reach a forlorn and lonely middle age. Now this may be all very well, if you like your love like that, but to our notion it's a sorry, shabby, unsatisfactory kind of romance. If men and women are looking for happiness—and who isn't?—it's the worst way in the world for finding it. A great many fine lives are messed up these days because there has grown up a notion that marriage is a “getting” instead of a “giving” proposition. Many young people have been trained to regard it as they do a lottery: Lucky you win, unlucky you lose. While there is a certain element of chance in it, marriage, to succeed, must be a development of two people who are physically mated. It is a growth of - souls, a journeying together. If it isn’t all this, it is nothing. . As someone recently said, “The end of passion completely fulfilled is kindness.” Which is a pretty good description of what marriage ought to be after the honeymoon.

Your Health

By DR. MORRIS FISHBEIN

Editor, American Medical Assn. Journal

N discussing blood ailments, I have mentioned the importance of blood transfusion as a means of treatment. The use of this method has become well established throughout the world. In fact, so ime portant is transfusion now that Russians have developed a method of taking blood out of the bodies of normal persons who have died in accidents, and preserving this blood in jars for use in transfusions in hospitals throughout the country. Briefly, blood transfusion is the addition of a part of the blood of-a healthy person to the circulation of a person who needs that blood. There are many different reasons for transfusion. It is valuable following any. severe hemorrhage such as may occur after an accident or a surgical operation. It apparently is valuable following severe bleeding in cases of purpura or hemophilia, for replacing certain single elements of the blood that are missing, It is valuable, in certain types of infection, for supplying anti-substances which are available in the blocd. Blood transfusion is one of the most dramatie procedures known to modern medicine. The idea first was suggested and tried in 1667 by a French doctor. Little was done with the method, however, until it was revived in London between 1818 and 1824 and again in Germany between 1860 and 1880. Unfortunately, in these early attempts there were occasional sudden fatalities.- Sometime later it was found that failure in the early attempts was due to the presence in the blood of one person of factors which reacted unfavorably on the blood of another. In such cases blood transfusion would be followed by a sudden clotting or by a sudden breaking up of the blood elements, which resulted seriously. > As a result of modern investigations, these factors have been recognized and standardized. It is now possible to test the blocd of the donor and that of the patient to determine whether the transfusion may be given safely. There are various ways of transfusing blood. In earlier days surgeons sewed the vein of one person to the artery of another and permitted the blood to run from the artery into the vein. Then systems were developed for connecting the vein of one person to the artery of another by means of a glass or rub=_ ber tube. A more r& ent and simple method is to draw the . blood out of ty ~ vein of one person with a specially prepared needle and syringe and then transfer the syringe to a needle put into the vein of the person who is to receive the blood. The blood then is injected. slow. to the body of the recipient. ! Sh wR i

Mr. Scherrer °