Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 15 January 1937 — Page 19

V. a Le Tt flu The

FROM INDIANA

ERNIE PYLE

ACNA, Ariz., Jan. 15.—Thirty miles south of Tacna, almost to the Mexican border, : is a place called Tinajas Altas, which means “High Tanks.” It is a series of natural basins, one above the other, on a desert hillside. They catch and hold rainwater. On the slope above Tinajas Altas are cotintless

craves of men. You can identify only a few now, but

wlien Ike Proebstal first came here 33 years ago he - and his brother counted 160 graves one day. Every one was of a man who had died from thirst. Proebstal says the tale is that a Mexican bandit named Blance operated there in the ’49 gold rush days. He would sneak across the border and drain the tanks. Then when the thirsting gold 'seekers, California-bound, died their choking deaths, he would rob them. ba Ike Proebstal knows about men Yh who die of thrist. For 33 years he 5 has been a prospector and a mining man, and he has saved many a man Mr. Pyle from death. > : Proebstal is truly an unusual an. In the first place, he’s one of the handsomest htimans I ever laid eyes on. He carries his 60-odil years like a lord. He was born in Oregon, studied mining engineering, and then lit out. Was in the South African mines for years, spent a year on the Australian desert, four years in Hawaii, a year in China and Japan. «I wish my brother were still alive to talk with you,” he said, “He had a real reputation for finding missing men. But I've saved quite a few," too. : n n "

OU know, a man dying from thirst always takes “off all his clothes. I don’t know why, but they it every time.

“I remember one fellow I rescued years ago. A

Alvous Remove Clothes d

lan rode into my prospecting camp late in the after- .

noon. He was more dead than alive, ‘and his horse was, too. He said he had left his partner under a bush about five miles away. «1 started right out. I ran almost all the way, ir I knew I could just barely make it by sundown. I ew that if I didn't get there before dark I'd never d him, for he'd get up at dusk and start traveling. ey always do it. : “Well, I found him. He was lying there on the Bs naked as a baby. A few feet away was a tripod

made of short steel tubing about two feet long, with a kettle hanging on it. I kicked the tripod down and stood there and called to the fellow. | “I said, ‘I've got some water for you, come and get it.’ The fellow raised up. He jumped up and ran atl me and tried to take the water away from me.

3 2

Handled Him 0. K.

“YP UT I handled him all right. I'd brought a canteen of water, and a whisky glass. I gave him just one small glass of water. Then I made him put his clothes on, and told him if he’d follow me I'd give him a drink every 150 yards. “When we got about half way I asked the fellow hi ne was feeling, and he said fine, that he was sweating. So I said, ‘all right then, you can drink all you want now.’ : “He said he saw me standing over those steel bars, ‘and he knew why I was doing it. He said if it hadn't been for those bars he would have killed me to get at|the water quicker.”

i : / rs.Roosevelt's Day By ELEANOR ROOSEVELT

ASHINGTON, Thursday— Yesterday afternoon the Egyptian Minister came to bring me a gift from the first faetory which has been opened in They have always imported their lien and and for the first time they are When one

’e were alone at dinner except for some friends ranklin Jr.'s and I worked until fairly late while the|-boys enjoyed a movie. his morning I set off to drive myself to the District Jail. I was driving a new car for the first time and my brother insisted on going with me as he evidently distrusted my ability to understand its mechanics. So he had to go through the jail. On coming out his comment was: “In Birmingham, Mich., they have a mibdern one that has this one beaten a mile.” t wouldn’t be at all difficult to beat this one in a great many ways. |Except for very able administration it might be very easily be a breeding place for |crime. The ood seems to be excellent for the money spent. The jail is clean and as well ventilated as it possibly can be considering itsconstruction. This could he ameliorated by the use of modern ventilation fans. think if I were the warden I would be saying a prayer every night for an addition where I could regia the young offenders and have sufficient space for a modern hospital and appropriation enough to allow for adequate medical examination of everyone| who is taken in, as well as a safe place to care * for [them while ill.

istrict jails throughout the country are probably

where communities should begin to familiarize themselves with the crime situation and what they, as communities, can do to improve it. These are the least: known jnstitutions, very rarely visited and yet they are the hearest prisons which people might see. I hold no brief for individuals who visit public institutions as a mere matter of curiosity, but I think every citizen should familiarize himself with all the institutions of government in his vicinity. As a taxpayer he is responsible for their support and for the way in which. they are run, and in the course of his survey he may find something really valuable that he, as an individual, can do.

New Books

PUBLIC LIBRARY PRESENTS—

“LIE is meek and watery-eyed behind big spectacles, i

a drab figure indeed, but since Crime in the person of Inspector Bull of Scotland Yard has entered his life, that life is anything but dull. He is Mr. Pinkerton, whose latest exploits are told in "MR. PINKERTON HAS’ THE CLUE, by David Frome (Mrs. Zenith Brown; Farrar & Rinehart). The cast of characters includes Dame Ellen Crosby, who in her prime. (along about 1900) was the leading actress of London and who never recovers from that experience until she is found strangled to death, her carefully prepared make-up only half done. The suspects are members of her family-—a brother, Major Peyton, helpless with rheumatism, his two daughters, and Dame Crosby's stepson, . the- dandy, Vardon Crosby. ? he clues which the title mentions are gold-tipped cigarettes carelessly left hither and yon, some bogus finger prints cunningly placed in Dame Crosby’s room, and hairs from Dr. Crippen, who is a friendly spaniel not criminally inclined.

" o ” F the 10 women of the Bible who are chosen by

Eveleen Harrison for her book, LITTLE-KNOWN .

WOMEN OF THE BIBLE (Round Table Press), several are scarcely mentioned in the Scripture. Simply and readable are these stories:of dramatic moments in the lives of great women, The Old Testat selections include Leah, the unwanted wife of Jacob; Miriam, the poet and prophetess; Michal, a king’s daughter who married a shepherd; the “great woman of Shunem,” otherwise unnamed: and Deborah, judge of the Israelites. From the New Testament, the author chooses Elizabeth, the mother of John,.whose birth was foretold in a vision; Anna, the first woman to recognize Christ . as |the promised Messiah; Claudia Procula, whe begged for Christ's release; Justa, the Syrophenician woman, and Lydia, the first Christian convert. The book should be of great help to Sunday School instructors, and, the foreword suggests, “will supply

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“Second Section

FRIDAY, JANUARY 15, 1937

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! Entered as Second-Class Matter | at Postoffice, Indianapolis, Ind.

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‘THE NAME IS LEWIS—JOHN

L.

" x =n

(Last of a Series)

By WILLIS THORNTON NEA Service Staff Correspondent

OHN LEWIS is “fast on his feet,” physically and

mentally. :

He has proved this again and again. He is proving it today in the fast-developing automobile strike situation, which may well spread into steel and coal. He proved it when NRA came along in 1933. Mr. Lewis was first to grasp the hand which the New Deal

extended to organized labor.

He “shot the works” with

the remainder of the funds in the United Mine Workers’ dwindling treasury, sending a flock of organizers into every unorganized mine field in the country. They made hay while the NRA sun shone. If some of them implied that the new law compelled the miners to join, and that Mr. Lewis was eating sauerkraut and

franks at the White House

every other night, it was’

all in the game. Within a few months the U. M. W. had almost 500,000 members, including many in fields never dented before. By the time the coal codes were made, Mr. Lewis was again in a position to threaten a national strike. Miners’ pay rose from under $3 to $5 a day. : Throughout the coal heatings Mr. Lewis matched epithets and endurance with Gen. Johnson for the title of “champion tough guy” of the codes. In relaxed moments, they discussed Napoleon's campaigns, and it developed that Mr. Lewis knew as much about them as Gen. Johnson did. But both NRA itself. and the Guffey coal-control bill, which Mr. Lewis rushed into the gap left by the Blue Eagle, died of Supreme Courtitis. " " 8 R. LEWIS in 1936 found himself facing a declining coal market, renewed wage cutting, feverish mechanization of mines, and a wage agreement expiring April 1, 1937. The miners’ union was being forced back on the de-

fensive. . All right. The best defense is to attack. Mr. Lewis attacked. . The Committee for Industrial Organization was his weapon. Unions with 1,500,000 members joined with Mr. Lewis and other leaders in an effort to organize, on an industry-wide scale, the steel, automobile, glass, shipbuilding, electrical manufacturing, oil, rubber, and byproduct coke industries. They tossed $500,000'into a modern, streamlined campaign, and Mr. Lewis’ miners agreed to assessments which will furnish a million more before spring. The general policy of industrial organization for the mass-produc-tion industries was not new. It was adopted by the A. F. L. in the 1934 convention. It won some success in autos and rubber, alumninum and radio. But not enough for Mr. Lewis. ~The 1935 A. F. L. convention saw determined efforts by its new “Federal” unions in rubber and autos to get A. F. L. charters as independent industrial unions in their fields. The pleas were vefused, and .the “Federal” unions in autos and rubber rejected A. F. L.-chosen officers and elected their own. Gradually these gravitated toward the C. I. O. and away from the®A. F. L. Mr. Lewis hewed away. - He resigned from the A. F. L. executive council, and strengthened his organizing force, drawing heavily on veterans of the miners’ union, many of whom, like John Brophy and Powers Hapgood, had been his deadly enemies in the past.

” n 2 UT now they saw eye-to-eye with his C. I. O. efforts, and

admitted that Mr. Lewis had timed it better than they. Mr.

SKETCHES ARE TO

Jack Moranz, widely known artist, will begin soon a series of pictorial biographical sketches of Indianapolis business and professional men in The

jpiring materipl for ge. Havegb, pageants.” | Times.

Lewis’ sense of timing, his associates- agree, is uncanny. The present locking of horns with General Motors was probably no part of Mr. Lewis’ original organization plans. The C. 1. O. drive started out with a slow, solid effort to organize steel. When enough members were secured, the idea w to go after collective bargaining there, probably about the time the mine contracls expired on April 1, 1937.

Mr. Lewis is a stickler for contracts and for living up to them. Many of his spectacular interventions in district affairs of the U. M. W. have :been to insure the carrying out of a national contract that was unpopular locally. But the Appalachian coal operators announced Dec. 15 that they had already met and decided on working conditions for two years after April 1, 1937. To Mr. Lewis, that was equivalent to breach of the present contract, which provided negotiations for renewal in February. The auto unions had grown faster than expected, claiming 100,000 members today. Sitdown strikes began to explode like firecrackers, especially in rubber, where organization also exceeded expectations.

Then the flat-glass strike threatened to shut down auto production, anyway, moving the crisis to that front. Mr. Lewis met it head on, as he always does, by demanding a showdown from the biggest of all the auto organizations, General Motors. This is his habit. He is “quick on his feet.” Rather than hewing to a preconceived line of action dictated by set principles, Mr. Lewis meets things as they come. He sees a situation, gets the essence of it, and makes a quick decision. He never vacillates or stews over it. ” 2 on ME LEWIS’ views have 1 changed since the days when he was a thoroughiy conventional labor leader in the early 1920s. Then he was against control of industries through political agencies, and talked of “putting straitjackets upon the supply of industrial energy,” and “paralysis of initiative and enterprise.” Now he writes Guffey coalcontrol bills. Then he relentlessly ousted “reds” and radicals of all sorts.from his miners’ organization. Now he directs his organizers to “work with anybody who will work with you.” Then he was a Republican who was offered Cabinet posts in the Coolidge and Hoover days. Now he is a prominent Roosevelt supporter who is looked on as the strongest possibility to lead a Labor Party “after Roosevelt.” But Mr. Lewis is not a philosophical radical. There is no reason to doubt that he still believes that “all of America’s ills could be remedied by a return to the principles of the founding fathers,

_ Watch. for

. age man.

Ability to Meet Situations as They Arise Is Key to His Leadership

John Llewellyn Lewis might have been an actor, What do you think, seeing these varied facial expressions and moods?

his friends say.

Note the rare

smiling picture at upper riiht, and the glasses, used only for close reading, at center. Shakespeare is one of his favorite authors. |

as expressed in the great documents of the Constitution and the Declaration of Independence.” What he now believes is that democracy has been largely negated by industrial and financial control over both Government and the living conditions of the averHe wants to organize labor into such strong industrial unions that their voice will be loud in the Government and in industry. Should that mean a frankly

"labor-run government such as

England had some years back, Mr. Lewis would say “What of it?” Should it mean a greater degree of industrial democracy than this country has ever dreamed, Mr. Lewis would say, “I believe in democracy,” and he would mean it, too, forgetting the half-dozen districts of the U. M. W. which are ruled from headquarters without local autonomy even to choose their own officers.

¢ 8 8 N short, Mr. Lewis believes labor does not possess the power, in Government or industry, that its vital importance entitles

it to have. He is out to see his goal achieved, If that meant a directly political labor movement of 20,000,000, tightly organized workers, Lewis would not shrink. If that, in turn, meant Mr.

START SOON

Mr. Moranz is shown here dotag a sketch of President Roosevelt. Over a period of years, he has sketched thousands of world-famous figures. > of ‘this

Mr. .

Lewis himself as a labor candidate for the Presidency, Mr. Lewis would not shrink. Responsibility, even so awful a responsibility as that, has never caused John Lewis to draw back. Yet it is doubtful if Mr. Lewis is personally ambitious for the

Presidency. If his labor program could go through tomorrow, it is

likely he would have no political ambition. : There was a sincere ring in his voice wien he refused a raise from $12000 to $25,000 a year at the last miners’ convention, and accepted & gold watch instead. “I don't know what one can do to justify such confidence,” he said, “exdept just to do the best he can. I'm content to serve my people oti that basis. . . .”

Sit-Down Strikes Invade Property Rights-—Sullivan

By MARK

ASHINGTON, Jan. 15—To those who watch for light upon fundamental conditions, the key point of the automobile strike is the “sit-down” feature of it. A number of empioyees, relatively small compared with the whole body, remain in the factory, with the effect of preventing operation of it. From their point of view the method is effective. From the owners’ point of view it is illegal. From the point of view of existing law it ic illegal. The issue, as it has arisen on this point, can be stated thus: The strike leaders say they will withdraw the “sit-downers” if General Motors will promise not to operate the factory pending negotiations of the issues involved in the strike as a whole. To this General Motors has replied that it will negotiate the broad issues of the strike, but only after and if the strikers illegally occupying the plant are withdrawn.

It is possible General Motors, if it consulted its own interest only, might find it expedient to abandon this stipulation for the sake of prompt settling of the strike. If it does this, however, it will have established a precedent important not only with respect to industrial conflicts but with respect to all property rights everywhere. Essential in the American system are certain principles. ; the system means preserving these principles. One of the principles is the right to acquire property and be secure in the possession of it. This right to be secure in the possession of property is clearly invaded by the “sit-down” strike.

8 8 8

« ~NIT-DOWN,” like. much of our newer terminology in social organization and politics, is a recent importation from Europe. The use of this form of strike is undoubtedly inspired by its success in the strikes in France last summer which led to formation of a new Government .with a Socialist: as Premier. The strikers in Michigan are of course in violation of law. Against their trespass there are the familiar legal remedies. The person whose property is unlawfully occupied can go to the courts, where the judge issues the appropriate writ of ejection or whatnot, and gives the writ to

: the sheriff to serve and execute.

In the present case, it was unfortunate that the judge to whom General Motors applied, and who issued a writ, was revealed later to be the owner of a considerable number of shares of General Motors stock. Nearly everyone will agree that the judge should have remembered his personal interest and asked to be excused from acting. Ei : Apparently -

oJ

Preserving |.

SULLIVAN '

it. This brings the situation down to one of local public opinion, whether tlie community will condone violation of law not checked by the sagpropriate machinery of law enforcement. If the community does not ¢pndone, and if the local law official cannot enforce the law, the next itep would ordinarily be an appeal [to the Governor of th State for Help.

Lo” 2 2 T has been interesting to observe the inrgads on property rights that have sccompanied the depression. Quit¢ early some Legislatures passed law: reducing the rights of mortgagee: ‘and one of these, a Minnesota law, was sustained by the Supreme Couit of the United States. Statutor; rights are, however, less serious than private inipads which succeed and are not checked by the courts or other macliinery of government. In some Midviestern states there were a few casey of farmers, with the aid of neighbors, forcibly resisting “tax sales,” sales of their farms because of nonpayment of taxes. There were a few similar resistances to “sheriffs’ sales,” foreclosures of mortgages. In one case iri ‘which the sherifi was forcibly prevented from executing a writ, the court inflicted prison sentences upc: leaders of the resistance, | : A conspicilous example of illegal entry upcni and use of property which neiflier the local courts nor the State {Government checks, is the so-calléd “bootlegging” of coal from lands owned by corporations in the anfhiracite district of Pennsylvania. | Reports agree that the bootlegging is condoned by local public opinion, on the ground that the mines are left idle by the owning companies, that the miners take the coal and bootleg it {nn order to live, and that the town: and communities dependent oii the mines would be paralyzed if if were not for this frankly outlaw tréffic. . Ordinarily most kinds of inroa on property rights are temporary; they pass with the depression or war or other abnormal condition that gives rise fo them. But strikes are frequent and often justified during normal conditions. If it now becomes legal or customary for strikers to occupy buildings against the wills of the owners, the result would be a pernianent reduction of property right,

KNOW YOUR INDIANAPOLIS ' Indianapolis has three mod-

em fireproof grain elevatorsand

ones with a total

.fancy things. all the things they made, but I seem to recall that

inroads on property.

PAGE 19

Our Town

By ANTON SCHERRER

NEVER have been able to conquer entire« ly the helief that women in all situations are honest. All men I suspect; all women I trust. And I don’t know why, unless it is that my first notion of woman’s inherent sense of integrity was gathered in a little shop on W. Ohio St. between Meridian and Illinois Sts. The shop was run by two fragrant little women of Quaker origin who looked the part. Indeed, they looked so much the part that ever since my first meeting them, some

50 years ago, I've entertained a more or less foolish notion that

‘every shop, consecrated to the sale

of things that go into the making of what is known as ‘“ladies’ fancy work,” should be run by a pair of Quakers as nice as the Luders sisters. I think that was their name, but; slipping as I am, I'm not even sure of that. 2 Before I go on with today’s piece, I guess I ought to remind you that, when I was a boy, nearly all women around here wen in for “fancy work” in a big way. At any rate, in a much "bigger way than they do now, because I can remember the time that women—and little girls, too— spent all their spare time knitting and crocheting I can’t begin to tell you the names of

Mr. Scherrer

among them were knitted doilies, wristlets, skillet holders, pen-wipers, tea cozies and pot-hushers.

EJ ” n Kritted Egg Warmer

N all-time high was reached, I remember, when somebody thought up a knitted egg warmer, a blanket-like affair with eight pockets in it in which boiled eggs could be kept in condition until everybody had time to reach the breakfast table. Well, with everybody knitting and crocheting, something was bound to happen. Either women had to stop knitting because there wasn’t anything more to knit, or they had to extend their field of operations. They chose the latter way, because I remember that after the orgy of the eight pocket egg-warmers, they went in for knitted shawls, opera-hoops, smoking caps (for men only. of course) and a cryptic piece of wearing apparel that went by the even more cryptic name of “fascinator.” : _ The fascinator expressed the golden age of fancy work. It was a crocheted contraption about a yard long and anywhere from six to eight inches wide. Thrown nonchalantly over the hair and tied picturesquely around the throat, it had the merit of making a woman look like a million dollars. I liked the pink ones best, I remember.

” Mother Picked Pink

NHE fascinator was the cause of my meeting the two little Quaker shopkeepers. Mother, I remember, was determined to make a fascinator and had taken me along on her hunt for materials. If ended, of course, in the jolly little shop with the shelves piled high with brightly colored yarns and threads. It was awfully hard to choose the right color, 1 Tomemben: but I was tickled when mother picked pink. When we got home, mother discovered that she was short, 6 cents. It worried her, I remember, but she didn’t say any more about it, thinking perhaps it was her own fault, in which case, the less said about it, the better. Well, about six months later, I happened to be passing the little Quaker shop and heard a funny

=

tapping on the window. A beckoning finger asked

me to enter and then I heard the startling news that mother had left the 6 cents on the counter. And ever since that time I've never been able to conquer my belief that all women are inherently honest.

A Woman's View

By MRS. WALTER FERGUSON

HERE is something a little terrifying in tha meagerest knowledge of psychology: It shows up SO many neurotics. Authorities in the science trace our fears and whims and moods far back into the dark crannies of the subconscious mind—from the dim past of infancy. But I've known a good many cry-baby women who might have been saved from their fate if the men they married had had sense enough to lay the heavy hand (figuratively speaking) on them right after the honeymoon. The easy-going bridegroom is directly responsible for much of our matrimonial unhappiness. : This probably sounds pretty cruel to brides, and the poor young things do have a fearful adjustment to make. They leave their childhood homes, sometimes the localities in which their lives have been spent. Moreover, they sufier these changes at a time when their emotions are undergoing a tremendous upheaval —when the whole meaning of life is being altered. Naturally, some of them cry—since woman knows instinctively that tears are her most powerful weapon against man, and every time the husband gives in to the freshet, a sense of additional power comes to the wife. : Thus it is that the husband, little by little, submits to the tyranny of tears. The woman pouts; he coaxes her back into a good humor. When crossed she flies into hysterics; he calls the doctor. Inevitably, with this procedure, she moves toward a form of exhibitionism very popular with women—chronic nervous ailments. And still the man—being touched by the weakness of the feminine, or wanting harmony in the house— gives in and gives in and gives in. When he finally sees his mistake and decides to put his foot down, it's too late—his wife is ‘beyond the reach of reason. These traits of behavior—tantrums, crying fits, hysterics, complaints of chronic illness-—are ways that women have of dominating men—subtle, terrible, tragic ways, which are almost sure to ruin irarriages in the end and make unhappy homes. All of which leads to but one conclusion: The average wife needs and wants some bossing.

Your Health

By DR. MORRIS FISHBEIN -

Editor, American Medical Assn. Journal MONG other forms of anemia due to deficiency A of iron are those arising from multiple causes, particularly in women, but occasionally also in men. For many years a common form of anemia, known as chlorosis, affected young girls. This form has become much less common in recent years, since the way of living for girls has changed greatly. The modern girl gets plenty of outdoor air and exercise, and, unless she is dieting, is likely to eat a fairly well-balanced diet. . The condition also is exceedingly common in women between 40 and 50, and is associated with the changes that occur in the woman of that age. As this type of anemia develops, the patient is likely to have sallow complexion, dry skin, and oc= casionally painful cracks arbund the corners of the mouth. : ) When the blood is examined in these cases, it 1s found that color and amount of red coloring matter arg low. In this type of case, the patients almost im= mediately begin to improve when they receive a sufe ficient amount of a good iron preparation. A fairly well-balanced diet, with plenty of meats, such as liver and kidneys, vegetables, and fresh fruits, is especially important in these cases. . Some people have a little difficulty with their di=gestion when they take iron, but usually this trouble is temporary and-the condition improves promptl after.a few days. : Anemias of this type fortunately are seldom, if ever, fatal. The condition is usually discovered promptly because of the appearance and activities of the person affected, and the treatment is so definite v ent, doctor can jecure Brom im=-

ally FRR