Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 9 January 1937 — Page 9

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FROM INDIANA

ERNIE PYLE

AWTHORNE, Cal., Jan. 9.—The greatest all-around athlete the world has ever known is today, at 48, just about as well off as the average husky longshoreman. Jim Thorpe is the man. He hasn’t anything, except a nice family and enough bit work in the movies to get by from week to week. Thorpe was the Indian who was the sensation of the 1912 Olympic games. It was the King of Sweden

who first termed him the world’s greatest all-around athlete. Thorpe was an active athlete from 1908 to 1229—more than a fifth of a century. In 1929 he rode out to Los Angeles on C. C. Pyle’s “Bunion Derby” as master of ceremonies. The Bunion Derby promoter left him stranded here, and he has been here ever since. He says Pyle still owes him money. For the past seven years he has been doing bit work in the movies. He plays the part of Indian chiefs, and of athletic coaches. On a good streak, he’ll make as much as $300 or $400 a month, but the whole year doesn’t consist of good streaks. Thorpe’s last athletic endeavor was in 1933, when he managed and played with a touring professional ball team. He didn’t get all his pay from that, either. He has quit taking regular exercise. His weight is up to 225 now, and it should be around 190. He ‘has a stomach. But he’s still a fine figure of a man. Thorpe was out in the back yard burning trash when I got there.

Mr. Pyle

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He’s Sauk and Fox

HORPE is ‘a Sauk and Fox from Oklahoma. He says he’s about five-eights Indian. He has an Indian face, but speaks without an accent. He

+ can speak Sauk and Fox fluently, and a little of three

or four other dialects. A good many directors know him, and send a call when they have a part. He enjoys film work. “But it has killed going to theaters for me,” he says. “I go to sleep watching a movie now. . “Indians aren't good actors anyway. An actor has to exaggerate. . It's against an Indian's nature to exaggerate or be emotional.” In his off time, he reads magazines or fishes. His house is a couple of miles from the ocean, and he drives down and fishes off the pier. Once in a while he goes coon hunting at night, all by himself.

” % E- 4 Thinks Ohio Beautiful State E thinks Ohio, where he lived so long, is the most beautiful state in: the Union. He reads some of

_ the sports news in the papers, but doesn’t follow it

religiously. He goes to football games occasionally, but gets disgusted with the way they play and the way officials ‘favor one side over the other. Thorpe would like a football coaching job somewhere. “When I was young,” he says, “¥~wanted to

- be an electrician. But in school I got into athletics,

and decided I wanted to be a coach. But I was so good in so many sports I just kept on playing, instead of ‘coaching. Now I think it’s about time I started using ‘my brains.” Thorpe was wealthy once. He made big money in his professional days. At one time he was worth $100,000 and owned three homes. “But you know how it is,” he says. “Easy come, easy go. Thought it would last forever, I guess.” He isn’t gloomy about it. Just matter-of-fact. :

Mrs. Roosevelt's Day

By ELEANOR ROOSEVELT

ASHINGTON, Friday.—1 saw Katharine Cornel! last night for the second time in “The Wingless Victory.” And it is, of course, a more finished performance than when I saw it down here for the first time. The entire cast is exceptionally good. I have, of course, heard criticisms of the play. In fact, some people behind me kept murmuring: “Why should she choose such a play?” I wanted to turn around and say: “Because it requires some perfectly superb acting.” She is perfectly remarkable in th» second and third acts. "I had a young girl with me who is studying for the stage and when the curtain went down for the last time she was dissolved in tears. And even I, hardened old play-goer that I am, was stirred more deeply than I had been the first time. For sheer cruelty, our old Puritan ancestors can hardly be beaten, but I regret to say I think in spite of the years that have passed, we are still capable of subtle types of cruelty. Many of Maxwell Anderson’s lines are just as applicable today as they were in the Salem of the 1800s. I cannot imagine anyone will come out from that theater feeling that he has wasted his time. They may not find so much tragedy palatable, but life isn’t always palatable and it sometimes thrusts tragedy upon us just when we want to be amused. I intended to fly back from New York this morning, but there was so much fog that the airlines told me that I would probably not be able to leave on (he 10:30 plane, so I left hurriedly on the 8:10 train, and found myself sitting opposite my cousin, Archie Roosevelt, who was coming down to be one of the honorary pallbearers at Admiral Gleaves’ funeral. We were late and both of us hurried, so he. came back to the White House with me. I turned him over to the usher to have his wants attended to, while I dashed upstairs and made rather hurried preparations for luncheon with Mrs. Wallace, wife of the Secretary of Agriculture, picked up my personal mail and rushed out agsin to the waiting car. I kept the ladies waiting and had to apologize, but they were very understanding and we had a delightful luncheon. Mrs. Wallace is a sweet and charming hostess.

New Books

PUBLIC LIBRARY PRESENTS—

HEN, at the beginning of the World War, the W Austrians marched against the Serbs, the little girls in the'school at Belgrade were hastened out of the city and taken for safety to the monastery of St. Roman. Ten-year-old Desa, who “could ride a horse, fire a pistol, milk cows, dig potatoes, sow and harvest, cook, take care of babies,” is the central figure of BALKAN MONASTERY (Stokes), by Stephen Graham. The children, sometimes mistreated, later neglected, and

finally left to starve, or else to beg and steal their

food, were not all so well able as Desa to take care of themselves. Left alone at the monastery when the Bulgars advanced into the country, they called forth at least a measure of concern from the Bulgarian priest, and he found them homes of sorts among Bulgarian families. . Some of the children were not heard of again. Perhaps, halfawild and weak as they were, they died. Young Desa, of tougher fiber, at length made her way back to the monastery; and the last part of the book tells of her reunion with her father and brother.

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NTIMATE details from the lives of four women, representing as many generations in the upper class English family of Wrothman, from the theme of FAIR COMPANY, by Doris Leslie (Macmillan). Reconstructed from old letters and diaries by a descendant of the family, the resulting novel is a vitalized panoramic view of England from the Regency to 1934. ? Such familiar personages as Byron, Shelley, the Godwins, Queen Victoria and Albert, Lady Caroline

Lamb, Napoleon, Wellington, Bismarck, and finally

«George the Beloved,” pass vividly before the reader’s eyes. Gay social functions and frivolous pastimes of the upper classes contrasted with pitiful conditions in the lower classes, the Manchester riots in which a radical member of the family lost an eye, hunger strikes among women suffragettes causing two Wrothmans to be thrown into jail, the Crimean war with Great Aunt Sabrina as a nurse, and finally the days preceding and immediately following the great war, intermingle to furnish the background against which these women of the House of Wroth love, and

Vagabond

he Indianapolis Times

SATURDAY, JANUARY 9, 1937

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Enterec as Second-Class Matter at Postoffice, Indianapolis, Ind.

BUILDING TRENCHES IN THE SKIES

(Last of a Series) MAJOR AL WILLIAMS

Times Special Writer

J UROPE builds airplanes to fight— America builds them to fly passengers and

express.

We are not prepared for the new kind of war. And when that war comes it will catch us flatfooted. To begin with, this is an exceedingly trying story to write, because many of the air power comparisons are discreditable to the United States and shocking to the sense of national pride. But I carefully inspected the war wings of Europe, country by country, and I know—as an airman who has flown in the mili-, tary service—that ours haven't vet begun to sprout. I made it a cold-blcoded business of looking at the equipment and programs, and we just don’t stack up. It’s a story of motors. For war

By

- strength three specific types of

motors are needed; we have one of those types. The air-cooled radial engine is used by our transport ships and by our military planes. It’s all we have. The two other types are the liquid-cooled engine for streamlined planes, the only real defense against invasion by bombers, and the Diesel engine, the power plant for long-range bombers and the engine of future commercial aviafion as well. We had no tried and proved aircraft engine when we went irto the World War. A major conflict today would find us facing the same condition. We are five years behind Europe in the matter of having anything like a full quota of aircraft engine types for our air defense.- And this is 1¢ times more serious than merely lacking airplanes.

Some years back America side- |

tracked everything but the big, blunt air-cooled radials which stand out like a sore thumb in streamlined ships. Into discard went +he liquid-cooled engine, so admirably adapted to streamline

designs.

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A MERICA has spent millions trying to reduce air resistance as it persists with radial motors, and has accomplished much. But even so, our ships are unable to compete with the performance of the streamlined, liquid-cooled Rolls Royce, the Italian “Fiat,” the French “Hispano-Suiza” or “Lorraine,” or the new German “BMW” motors. None of our fighting ships of any classification is able to do an hénest 300 miles an hour. The European fighters clip merrily along at 370 with a {ull quota of ammunition and bombs tucked aboard. Even more woefully, America hasn’t even envisioned—much less made plans to utilize—the Diesel engine. Twenty per cent more economical in point of fuel consumption than the gasoline engine, the Diesel can fly 20 per cent farther on the same fuel load. That makes it the ideal engine for the bomber, which must fly long distances and drop its bombs. Every ounce saved in fuel weight means that much more explosives can be tucked on board—and that’s the bomber’s “pay load.” The Germans recently flew a twin-engined transpert, equipped with Diesels from Dessau, Germany, to Bathhurst, Africa — a distance of 36256 miles—at a speed of 181 miles per hour, nonstop. The hourly consumption of fuel was about 40 gallons of low grade oil—about half the volume of fuel which would have been consumed by gasoline engines. : Designers and sponsors of the aircraft. Diesel, the German Junkers Co, has made a real engine of them. Just to be sure I wasn’t dreaming, I got permission to handle the throttle of a Diesel in the Junkers factory, and its performance surpassed anything I'd ever seen before. France, Italy and England have purchased manufacturing rights of this particular engine, and even though they haven't put them to use yet, when they do finally wake up they’ll at least be able to get in the air show. America forgot to buy its ticket. America has no hombers of the type the next war is going to demand—anad she hasn't yet begun to worry about it.

Foreign Planes Could Run Circles Around U. S. Shif s, Williams Says

ND so with that glimpse of the basic difficulty, America is in a bad way when it comes to comparing our air power with that of the major countries of Europe. To begin with, we never have applied all our aeronautical information and skill to the production of first-class fighting air planes. Those we now have in operation are slightly behind the best of Europe in point of design and are not comparable, either in performance or maintenance, with our commercial accomplishments. This quite possibly is attributable to the fact that the United States has no co-ordinated air de= ‘fense program. Lacking this, wé" have no Secretary of State for Air, whose job would be to provide the right kind of an air defense. The air power of America is divided between our Army and Navy, and tied to surface operations. In spite of the fact that our air power at sea is superior to that of any other nation, it is, nevertheless, not organized to conduct a true air war. Its fundamental purpose is “aiding the fleet to victory.” Geographical location places the United States in an enviable position. To the east and west are oceans, and on the north and south are friendly neighbors. These factors have induced us to exhibit indifference toward our air defense and to concentrate on commercial aviation. Rival air power in cramped Europe spurs military development. Our Army Air Force, in the form of a headquarters group ‘with approximately 1000 fewer airplanes than Congress 10 years ago authorized to be built: and

. maintained, is still experimenting

with the idea of operating as a striking force, regardless of what the ground Army may be doing at the time. ‘

2 ” ” IVE each branch—Army and Navy—5000 airplanes each, and each would be choked to stagnation. Briefly, we haven't got enough engines or ships, and wouldn't know what to do with them if we did have. '

Italian and German strategists repeatedly explained to me the basic theories of the “next wars” as they see them. The fighting and bombing airplane marks a ‘more radical change in war plans than did the advent of gunpowder centuries ago. The long-range bomber can carry the war to the civilians—the people who pay for wars and who call them off once they grow discouraged and give up. Those who scoff at the damage a squadron of bombers might do should pause. Last spring a flood washed into Pittsburgh and the city got a terrible taste of what an air raid might bring. Water cut off, lights out, milk shortage, communications cut off. No, you don’t have to blast away _at the skyscrapers to cripple a city. All you've got to know is the right nerve centers at which to aim your bombs.

Our talking point is ‘commercial aviation. The American air transportation systems are superior by far to any others in the world. Our 18,000 miles of night-lighted and radio-equipped airways, operated by. the Federal Government, are the envy of all countries. Our great transports, with high cruising speeds, passenger comfort features and silenced cabins, are the best and most efficient ships in the world for their particular service. The European nations appreciate these facts, and the new designs awakened many to the possibilities of such ships. But not only for passenger service. Many of the lessons of American aeronautics are bringing . results in European bombers. They think in terms of fighting craft.

This military tender shows up in the passen Pilots take off, fly, and | big transports as thoi were pursuit ships or If we happened to be ti bit too fast it seemed tc the thing to tip the shi; one wing and side-slip t speed. That's the way [ handle my Hawk single seater, b it it’s not the way I want to be fl wn in a commercial transport,

y even ‘er lines. nd with sh they bombers. yveling a be quite over on kill our

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NOTHER practice |if Eurov pean transport lin:s—one I will never understand—is the business of loading passen'ers into a ship which has been standing. out in the open for bh iurs and whose motors are as ¢id as a grave digger’s shovel, ¢ nd, then taking-off with only a 0-second warm-up. From dead cold to wide-open running is :iuch too fast for me, no matter v 20 builds the engines. } After a bit of Europe n transport flying, I quit and tc )k to the trains. The factors which infli ence and shape the destinies of Zuropean air transportation are complex and involved. With the 2xception of Holland, these count ies have only been permitted to devote a portion of their aerona itical efforts toward the purely commercial business of operatin: an airline. Holland possesses litti2 in the way of an aircraft mani facturing industry, because of the fact that she needs little in the 4ay of a fighting air force. The K. L. M. Airlines were, therefore free to purchase American-buil{ Douglas aircraft.

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1—The “passengers” for these ships are bombs while (2) the pride of American aviation is ships like this one, a sleek twomotored transport. 3—Utilizing liquid-cooled engines, Italy sets records. This is the business end of the Macchi92, a 3100-horsepower engine which streaked its ship along at 440 miles an hour. 4—The blunt end of American military ships holds top speeds to around 300. 5—Europe’s transport lines, nucleus for war fleets, take pride in such developments as the Lufthansa Lines ship, which is anything but a passenger carrier.

The German Lufthansa Airline, the first scheduled airline operation in Europe, served Germany from the first as a substitute for the air force denied her by the Versailles Treaty. And this is an excellent example of the dual role of an European air line, which was organized at the instigation of the German government and heavily subsidized. The Italian air lines are more completely under the control of the Government. And whether they make a profit or not (and they do not) they are maintained in operation, for obvious reasons. ” 2 ” N 1935, the airlines of America flew approximately eight times the distance, and more than eight times the passenger mileage of the British airlines, while our air subsidies were a little less than eight times those of Great Britain. During the same period Frarice sub- _ sidized her airlines with about one-third the sum of money, expended by the United States Government, and flew only one-tenth the miles and one-twentieth the passenger miles. But when talk turns to air power, then it is not the time to discuss passenger n iles nor point to sleek transports; The naive thought that our tiansports and pilots could suddenly be converted into bombers and fighting aviators is absurd. Wartime emergencies would double and treble their value and need in their present type of operations. I have seen the fighting aircraft of all the major countries, and I've seen the factories and plants wheve great droves of new ships are to be turned out like fury when the order comes. It’s to be a race with the world at stake when the air war comes, and the factories which turn out the greatest number of the best ships are going to have a head start. There's more than a grain of irony in the fact that America, home of mass production, may have to shop around for ideas and tricks of the trade. Bombers now being built abroad are capable of long flights—even across oceans. True, they couldn’t return after a mission, but they

might not care about that.

WYOMING MAKES MONEY OUT OF | WHOLESALE MONOPOLY ON LIQUOR

By ROSCOE B. FLEMING Times Special Writer

HEYENNE, Wyo, Jan. 9.— i Wyoming appears to have

succeeded both in making money out of the liquor industry and in keeping a tight grip.on it from the standpoint of social welfare and centrol. Wyoming is the only state that combines a wholesale liquor monopoly with private retailing. ; The state not only collects a tax on liquor but also makes the usual wholesalers’ profit, and that profit has been very satisfactory. For the first full year of operation the state’s net income from liquor was $507,000, or $2.30 per capita. Indications are that the current year’s net return will be up about 20 per cent, or a total of $2.76 per capita—one of the highest in the country. Retail sale of liquor is by private persons. 2 #9

OT only is Wyoming making \ money, but her wholesale

monopoly gives state enforcement

weapon against violators—shutting off their supply of liquor.

This has already been done in

two cases, says Oscar O. Natwick, liquor director. : After an ‘unsuccessful post-repeal period when legal sale of liquor was by prescription only, the Legisla-

rture passed the present law effec-

tive April 1, 1935. Control was put in the hands of a liquor commission composed of the Governor, the Secretary of State and the State Treasurer, who appointed Mr. Natwick. Mr. Natwick has charge of all three functions—sales, tax collection, enforcement. :

KNOW YOUR INDIANAPOLIS

The Indianapolis Foundation, a community trust, ranks sixth in resources among those of 78 cities in the United States and Canada. It has bequests and donations totaling $2,589,000.

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HERE is some bootlegging. The law closes all liquor establishments from 1 to 6 a. m., and all day

Sunday. Some illegal selling occurs in these closed periods.. And in the remote fringes of the state some liquor slips:.in without paying tribute to the state monopoly. The Wyoming law sharply limits the number of licenses that may be granted per capita. No town of

less than 500 in Wyoming may have

more than two’ licensés. One additional license may be granted for each 500 population over that, but in no case more than 20 in any city or town. - as pity Local authorities may charge a license fee from $300 to $1500. Average is about $750. Local author-

ities cannot tax liquor.

8 8 .8 T= Wyoming retail. liquor establishment is frankly a bar room, made so by law. It must be in one room.and that room must be on a main street or-highway. No woman may be, employed in such a room, no booths are perbling. Nothing

can drinks and to-

Budget Message Expected : To Dispel Financial Fears

By Scripps-Howard Newspaj er Alliance

ASHINGTON, Jan. 9—Horrendous fears abou the state of Government finances, which Republicans were paradii 2g before us a few months ago, ar likely to be dispelled when Presid: nt Roosevelt’s budget message is ¢ gested. The answer appears t¢ be that, strange as it seems, a I ation can spend itself - into prospe ity. You can’t do it as an indivi( ual. But a Nation can. The famili: r illustration of the family doesn’t stand as a perfe i analogy when applied to G vernment finance. , ] In a word, the differe: ce lies in the fact that Governmen spending promotes business and increases Government revenues.

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2 82 8 | : USSELL C. LEFFIN( WELL, a

way: ro “A private businessma i+ i unrestrained by motives £" kindlyness and good will and So: al obligation, hire and fife as ! 2 pleases, raise prices-and reduce expenses, curtail his business or wi d it up if 1t runs at.a less. 0

1 ocketbook |

Morgan partner,: pi ts it this |

Government is the residuary le-

gatee of all the successes and failures of all of us. Government must keep itself going and keep its people going, too. Government can balance its budget only by enriching its people, not by impoverishing them.” #2 8 = X : NE disillusioning fact about economy. Reorganization of administrative machinery will improve its functioning. It can effect some savings. But not great ones. | Improved administration will not

ture of the blood and its v

Second Section

PAGE 9

Qur Town By ANTON SCHERRER

NLESS I am misinformed, Monday is the day set apart to receive’ the dentists of Indiana. They're coming here to have their annual meeting, or something. They couldn’t have picked a better time because it just

happens that at the moment I am a mine of information concerning them. The earliest practitioner of dentistry around here

was Dr. Joshua Soule, son of Bishop Soule of the as early as 1832, maybe earlier. Anyway, he was town clerk in 1835 and 1836, and in 1837 represented the Second Ward in the City Council. As a matter of fact, he was president that term. I mention Dr. Soule’s extra-curricular activities because of the general belief that dentists don't, as a rule, have many friends. The next dentist of whom any distinct record remains was David a Hunt, who came here about 1840, Mr. Scherrer and had an office in the southwest quadrant of the Circle till his death in 1846. His brothers, Andrew and George continued the business after his death, and were the principal dentists up to somewhere around 1850. Dr. G. A. Wells came then. So did a lot of others, apparently, because by the time the first (1857) directory was published, Indianapolis had no less than nine “resident” dentists. Counting the itinerants who stopped off here to pick up business, there's no telling how many dentists we had at that time.

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First to Make False Teeth

R. DAVID HUNT (circa 1842) was probably the , first man in Indianapolis to make false teeth, singly and in series. He called them “dentures.” I haven't the least idea how Dr. Hunt went about his business, but I Soagose unlike that of John™Greenwood in the East, who made most of the dentures for George Washington, I lug Mr. Washington into this piece because, besides being the Father of his Country, he was the only early American considerate enough to leave us suffi= cient dental data to ‘pursue the subject. Washington's false teeth are scattered all over the country. His first set is somewhere in New York in the possession of the heirs of John Rudd Greenwood, great-great-grandson of Washington's favorite dentist, The set has a hole in the plate to fit over Washing= ton’s last remaining tooth. It was made in 1789, Washington was 57 years old at the time. Another set, probably the second, is at the Baltimore College of Dental Surgery. A third set is owned by Mrs. Charlotte R. Mustard of Baltimore. It’s a full set, upper and lower, the bases of lead held together by steel springs. It weighs a pound today, and there's every reason to believe that it weighed just as much in Washington’s mouth. All these sets were made by Mr. Greenwood. :

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” 2 Wore Set for Portrait FOURTH set was made by James Gardette which Washington wore for a 1796 Stuart portrait. And then, of course, there is the set that was buried with Washington. Anyhow, that's the way Dr. Bernard Weinberger, one-time professor of Dental History and Literature at New York University, has it figured out. Dr. Weinberger got so interested in the subject at the time of the Bicentenary of 1932 that he dug up enough material to write a book about Washington's teeth. . That’s about all I know about early dentistry, exe cept maybe I ought to tell you that in 1873 the Ine. diana Dental College was established here, with quare ters in the Aetna Building on N. Pennsylvania St, We never had a shortage of dentists after that.

A Woman's View

By MRS. WALTER FERGUSON

SCHOOL teacher has been named her city’s most useful citizen for 1936—and a woman teacher at that. There’s hardly a town in the United States but has one such woman to whom credit and honor and public praise are due, although it is too seldom given. Be= hind the present expression of civic gratitude life long - years of patient work and unselfish love, as well as wisdom of life, which is the foundation of every good teacher’s character. i Agitation about the higher education is almost per= petual with us. A vast sum is spent on universities and colleges, yet the pupil is made or marred in the lower grades. If the real function of education is to teach the individual how to think, certainly the process ought to be started in the early years and if it isn’t, it will probably never be done. Unless someone along the’ line has “followed the gleam” and pointed it out to the child; unless he has had at least one teacher who can inspire him with a desire for learning, it will take a college full of giants to hoist him out of his rut of mental inertia. The grade and high schools are running over with poor teachers. This is true, I imagine, largely because the good ones get so little reward, vocal or otherwise. We have managed to ram the good woman teacher into the good-mother category—by expecting her to do her best merely for the joy of working. Yet the benefits dur children get from her are im= measuraple; in a good many cases, perhaps in the mae jority of cases, she has quite as much to do with traine ing our children as we do. A One of these days I hope we will build a great monument to such women—the unselfish, kind, ever cheerful teachers who, even more than parents, dedie cate their lives to the young.

* Your Health

By DR. MORRIS FISHBEIN

Editor, American Medical Assn, Journal

I you were asked what you consider to be the most important organ or tissue of the human body, you would probably mention the heart, the brain, per= haps the lungs, the liver, or even the kidneys. In any event you would be wrong, because unquestionably the most important tissue in the human body is the blood —rhost necessary and vital of all the substances that go to make up the human organism. : From time immemorial, the blood has to be essential to life. The story of the grad changes of opinion concerning the blood is one of the most fascinating stories in science. The early knowledge of the blood is mixed with magic d strange superstitions which were destroyed sic and the development of the microscope and the growth of mede erh physiology. Now we determine not only.the naations under different conditions, but also the manner in which it circulates and brings nutrition and life to every part of the

1822, first recognized the disease mia, apparently did not look at ut concerned himself only with the gen-. s ptoms of the disease as it affects -the bod} as _a whole.

reduce the interest on the public | ~~ Most of our modern knowledge of the blood des

debt which now runs up tow one hillion dollars a year. It will not reduce the cost of national defense which is close to. other bil-

than half a killion. It will not get the good old four billion

us back doll udgets of the thrifty Cool-

e. Coolidge couldn't bring back those neat little four billion dollar budgets now. We are asking: more of the CGioveriment than’ we used to. No amount of efficient management will

wipe out the cost of CCC, of social |

security, of stock market regula-

| tion and a dozen other new activities which |

are here to stays

! of the blood

pends on the work of the great investigator, Paul Ehrlich, who first discovered salvarsan, or “606.” Previous to that great discovery, he had described stains which are applied 0 specimens of blood withdrawn from a vein and dropped on a glass slide. The stains bring out the various elements within the blood cells and enable us to count the cells and to determine their number and variety. os The manufacture of blood goes on constantly in the human body. In some diseases, such as pernicious anemia, the cells may be destroyed rapidly or may fail to form as they are needed. In some diseases the blood becomes too thick; in others, too thin. The number of white blood cells is increased when there is infection, and greatly decreased in certain diseases. Today the study of the blood is a technical medical specialty. An actual knowledge of the state in many cases may mean the difference

se he practiced a technique not

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been known

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