Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 31 December 1936 — Page 9

Washington

(Ernie Pyle, Page Seven)

BY RAYMOND CLAPPER

W- ASHINGTON, Dec. 31.—Within a few hours this year of our Lord, 1936, will pass into history. And good riddance, too. We had a presidential campaign which, except for the result, is better forgotten.

Europe has done its best to misuse the bene- |

fits of modern civilization, and has come out short on food and long on fighting weapons. Its humanitarian 1937 is a gas mask for every child. If history can make anything | out of 1936, history is welcome to it.

hope for

luck. Roosevelt will continua trying to make our system work more equitably. Possibly he will receive more co-operation. Judging from the outburst over

the sale of airplanes to Spain, we |

are increasingly determined to stay out of Europe's troubles, Some light breaks through the clouds over there, too. Britain apparently has been working under cover on Mussolini. He shows signs of pulling away from Hitler. Mussolini used to regard Hitler as a weak imitator. Lately he has seen Hitler as a potential rival. ousy between two dictators is not a particularly noble foundation for peace, but if Europe can not avoid a war bv appealing to cdo but to trv

Mr. Clapper

the lower ones. ” ” n

1 would think, with 70 lawyers amonz the Sen96 members, that all legislation from now on | be highly constitutional. But when nine lawon the Supreme Court disagree, it is to be feared 70 lawyers in the Senate will only make matters that much worse The best tip on the prospects of a constitutional amendment is found in the fact that Chairman Sumners of the House Judiciary Committee is opposed to tinkering with the Constitution to meet current difficulties. ” u un

Neutrality Difficulties

D".. TIES which arise out of broad execuauthority in neutrality matters are best ted from a Shapes 20 years old. ree dan ter France declared war in 1914, she applied for a loan in the United States. On

Arie Eo AU

15 Secretary

bankers that “loans by American bankers n nation which is at war are inconsistent with true spirit of neutrality.” re was no law, Only executive discretion. But governments were insistent. New York bankne to Washington, to persuade officials to ease their opposition. At 8:30 p. m. on Oct. 23, Robert Lansing, then counsellor of the State Department, went to the White House and induced Wilson to relent and allow “credits” to foreign governments. next night the substance of this was reported to Wil Straight, a representative of J. P, Morgan & t the Metropolitan Club in Washington. Withr days New York bankers announced a credit of $10,000,000 to France. Executive officials had been worn down. The lid was off. "© ®

Stated Policy Unchanged

ET three months later, Bryan, in a memorandum to the chairman of the Senate Foreign Relations Committee, who had heard rumors, stated that the of frowning upon loans to warring governments had not been changed. after this that the State Department publicly acKnowledged the change of policy. I'he full story

ions Committee.

policy

Mun

A ——————————————

Mrs.Roosevelt's Day BY ELEANOR ROOSEVELT

B )STON, Wednesday—For the last 24 hours, except when I have been at the hospital reading aloud a ludicr ous book by Wodehouse called “Laughing Gas,” T have been submerged in mail. Mail to mail to read, Not all of the letters are written to me, some of them are for Franklin Jr. and of course he can do nothing about them. are very kind and want him. to profit by their experiences, little realizing there are individual factors which make every case different. One letter gave us a great deal of amusement. Tt was written to Franklin by a lady know why he didn't go home, that it would him nothing to be ill in the White House and could send her the money which was being spent on the hospital. The money might mean nothing to him. but would mean a great deal to her. Both of us had to laugh, but Franklin has been forbidden to laugh so his was a rather smothered variety. If we could have chosen a place for him to be ill, T don't think there is any question that he would have preferred to be at home. It would have made life considerably simpler for me. Unfortunatewhen people are taken ill in one place you can't them by wish to another. ther letter from a young lady assured him of evotion, and one voung gentleman wished that night take his place “because he was a bachelor 23 years old.” 3 some situations s me that

Sign,

cost

are very sad. One woman in spite of good training she is unable to find any work and suffers from sinus trouble. She writes, “The cold climate and colder faces in Bostor 1" make it imperative that she take herself o warmer climes. She can not, however, find any job which will keep her alive or take her awav. I lunched with Admiral and Mrs. Byrd and their four children. Mrs. Byrd told me that when her husband was on expeditions the whole family lived through the expedition with him, They got daily reports and followed every move. The children are accustomed to their father being away on these distant trips and look upon it as his job and take it all very much for granted. I can't help thinking, however, that even to them ft must seem a little more adventurous than having a father who goes to his office at 9 every morning and comes home at 5 with more or less the same routine Incidents to talk about.

New Books

PUBLIC LIBRARY PRESENTS—

T= main thesis of Charles C. Chapman's THE DEVELOPMENT OF AMERICAN BUSINESS AND BANKING THOUGHT, 1913-1936 (Longmans), is that a fundamental change has actually taken place in the philosophy of industry and finance and that this change is due more to an improved mental attitude on the part of business leaders than to any technological development, Woodrow Wilson, in his first term, formulated a progressive program which has been termed “the New Democracy.” “We, the People,” were to find out whether we owned our own government or whether . §t belonged to the “vested interests.” The new democracy saw the money trust destroyed, the Federal Reserve System started, and the Federal Trade Commission Created. Industrial relations took on a new aspect; became a powerful element in business and industry:

his

* the philosophy of mass production spread: and the

New Deal, followed by the NRA, arrived with Franklin D. Roosevelt. Turning back, Dr. Chapman then takes

up step by step the growth of our new central banking |

system.

By this time the reader knows the author is a

Democrat in politics, but there are few who will say |

that he allows his political convictions or his admira-

tion for Democratic presidents to hinder him from | giving a lucid outline of what is undoubtedly a |

startling and important period in industrial and financial history in the United States. The author makes no definite or wholesale prophej cles for the future, but one wonders if the way has 5 opened to a genuine democracy of ir | Ss before wt r

Perhaps 1087 will have better |

Jeal- |

to higher instincts, there is nothing |

of State Bryan told the American | to any | | only about one-third what it was

The |

It was two months |

is told in the records of the Nye |

People |

who demanded to |

he |

the trade association grew and |

re Indianapolis

sui@iln THURSDAY DECEMBER 31, 1936 «cutie

mes

Entersd as Second-Olass Matter at Postoffice, Indianapolis, Ind,

Second Section

PAGE 9

REVIEWING T HE BUSINESS YEAR Government Spending Given Ci edit for the Up T rend During 1 936

(Second of a Series)

BY JOHN T. FLYNN (Copyright, 1836, NEA Service Tne.) NEW YORK, Dec. 31.— What is the force behind the enormously accelerated activity in American business. After all, our money economy of private enterprise operates in obedience to certain laws. When it bogs down, it does not rise again unless, from some source, fresh supplies of income are thrust into the system. These supplies come from wellrecognized sources—either from (a) the capital goods industry, (b) large favorable foreign trade balances, (c) governmental borrowings. The capital goods industry has, of course, improved. Total building construction in 1936 will be seen, when all figures are in, to be nearly twice as great as last vear. For the first 10 months it totals $2,251,000,000. But more than half of this was government expenditures—PWA and WPA, as

| well as ordinary government (Fed-

eral and state) outlays on build-

ing.

Private building will probably total $1,300,000,000. But this is

in 1929, when it had already begun to, taper off. t ” » EAVY machinery industries have been working more continuously. The latter part of the year they went into furious production. But of course it is comparatively new in its heavy production. And there are sections of it which must go far before it reaches its old health. Two hundred locomotives in 1936 against more than three times that number in 1929 gives an idea of the disparity. And besides, the actual locomotive production has not gotten far enough under way to account for much real business yet. If we look at new security loans and bank loans the story is the same. Security financing, on its face, seems very heavy for 1936. But most of it has nething to do with fresh funds. In 10 ‘months over $4,000,000,000 in new issues were registered with the SEC. But only $521,600,000 of this represented new funds. Bank loans have increased very little. In June, 1935, the last date for which we have complete figures for comparison, loans were

Indiana and Indianapolis shared — in relief funds, but private industry also contributed toward the general recovery during the

year. project. returning prosperity.

$20,272.000,000. In June of this year they were $20,679,000.000. ‘That is an increase of about $400,000.000—a mere drop in the bucket. On the other hand government expenditures have gone forward at a trem2ndous rate—at least four billion dollars in emergency and recovery and bonus payments for the year.

2 u 5

OREIGN TRADE, of course, can not account for the lift. It has risen only a few million dollars. There has been a tremendous flow of foreign funds into the country, into American investment and hence into American banks. But while they ..are. a

{ threat to stability, they have ex-

ercised no effect as yet upon business, since bank loans have increased so little. All this 1s very important be-

. cause it is very necessary to know

what, precisely, is the dynamic force behind recovery. But while, up to now, the energies originat-

| |

No. 1, the statue atop the Circle monument renovated as a WPA No. 2, a busy factory sends forth smoke clouds heralding a No. 3, an eager worker bending over his lathe.

ing in private business have had little to do with the recovery, the fact remains that these energies are beginning to show signs of life and to express themselves. It is, for instance, common fo say that the automobile industry has led the country out of the Aspression. This is true in a scnse, if we understand just what we mean by the words. The automobile industry has, indeed, been the first industry to respond to recovery forces, because it is, as it has been for years, the most intelligent industry, making better cars at lower prices and thus attracting trade, while so many other industries are interested only in getting prices up. But that the recovery origi-

nated in the automobile industry

is fot true. It originated entirely in government expenditures which created vast floods of new purchasing power which made itself felt in the automobile industry first because that industry invited it by wise policies. We must keep our eyes on building and the manufacture of

ROAD TESTER GOES IN CIRCLES BUT GETS SOMEWHERE ANYHOW

SCIENCE SERVICE 31.—The

BY ASHINGTON, Dec.

ever popular sier tivet you ney pot may be set off center so that

| get anywhere going around in circles

| is being disproved at the Arlington |

testing laboratories of the United States Bureau of Public Roads, | where two automobile wheels rotating on the surface of a small circular track are revealing the relative | stabilities of various low-cost road surfaces.

wheels rotate. Tests are made of one variable

The wheels, which exert a force of !

800 pounds on the road surface, are

mounted on the ends of a centrally | pivoted steel beam which can be |

| driven at three speeds, the maxi- | | mum being nine miles an hour.

HE track itself, laid in a concrete trough, is approximately 37 feet in circumference, 18 inches wide, and has a mean depth of 12'¢ inches. Distribution of the “traffic” over the width of the surface during compaction is made possible by shifting the pivotal point of the steel beam back and forth by means cf a hand-operated

different bituminous mixtures mak- the test specimens

ing up the surface over which the | Volving wheels, which travel about

| 8000 miles { improvements are being developed | which the motorist will realize in factor at a time, such as the quan- | : ; tus tity or the consistency of the bi-| the construction of better highways. tuminous mixture, and are run un- | til the relative wear on each section | reveals the comparative stabilities | which result with regard to the sev- | Extended, Belief

eral circumstances of the variable. |

} wheel, or, in order to accelerate the | tests by

simulating conditions of high traffic density, the pivotal | the wheels travel in two concentric lanes 5 inches apart. The surfaces jmay be tested dry subgrade, which gravel or crushed may be kept moist by the introduction of water through the base of the inner wall

produced on by these re-

From the effects

per vear, engineering

'Prime of Life' May Be

ASHINGTON, Dec. 31.—-0ld age can be held at bay and | life itself prolonged some seven years by dietary means. Evidence for this has been obtained in nutrition studies with rats made by Dr. Henry C. Sherman. The diet which extended the prime of life in rats had an increased proportion of milk, making the diet richer in vitamins A and G, calcium and protein, Dr. Sherman reported in a lecture at the Carnegie Institution here. This diet “expedited growth and development, resulted in a higher level of adult vitality as shown by several criteria, and extended the

average length of adult life, or im-

proved the life expectation of the |

adult.” Extension of life expectation has heretofore been made for lower age ievels by hygienic means which reduced the chances of death by diseases of infancy and childhood. BY applying the new knowledge nutrition, Dr. Sherman believes it is

“the period of the prime.” Because eminent men usually attain their positions of “fullest opportunity” at an age when only the last third of their years remain to render “fullest service to the world,” Dr. Sherman believes that the »nossibility of extending the prime period of life has greater than biological significance.

= o 2 High-Speed Motion Pictures Aid Industry ALTIMORE, Dec. 31. — Highspeed motion picture photography is coming to the aid of industrial chemistry to throw new light on such problems as the fracture of chemical containers under pressure. Using the high-speed motion picture system developed by Prof. Harold E. Edgerton of Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dr. Gustavus J. Esselen and Dr. J. G. Hildebrand, Chicago consulting chemists, filmed the bursting of a bottle under pressure to show where

the initial crack formation began |

its destructive action.

of | og . | termining whether or not capitalism now possible to extend life during | Vil

heavy machinery. As this capital goods industry rises in energy, government spending may be tapered off. To taper the latter

off too quickly, before the former takes its place, might well halt the whole recovery movement,

NEXT—The outlook for 1937.

Business Faces Critical Year, Barnes Declares

BY DR. HARRY ELMER BARNES

EW YORK, Dec. 31.—The year 1937 will be a very critical one | with respect to the future of]

| American business. The policies |

adopted by both business and the Federal government in the next 12 months will go far toward de-|

accept those modifications which are necessary to give us even temporary recovery under the do-| minion of private enterprise. The unprecedented Christmas buying has demonstrated the existence of superficial recovery beyond the shadow of a doubt. There | is certainly more money to spend | and more business has naturally resulted. Some of this increased purchas- | ing power has been derived from dividends, bonuses and wages, thus constituting a voluntary | contribution of private business to better times. But it is an obvious fact that by far the greater part of the current revival has been due | to the unprecedented volume of government spending in the last four years. Private business has not kept within hailing distance of Uncle Sam as a primer of the pump of national business.

UT government spending on such a scale can not go on forever without involving inevitable government control of business. Uncle Sam can not hold the bag indefinitely for private enterprise in this country. We have now come to the time when private business must “fish or cut bait.” If we are to go on to better things with private enterprise still dominant in this country, business must enthusiastically accept the mild reforms demanded by President Roosevelt; indeed, it must be willing to follow him much farther along this line of attack upon the maladies of the present economic order in America. Just to be on the cheering line for more profits will only lead us back to the deb#icle of 1929—and worse, for with each major wrench the capitalistic system grows weaker. In the last month there have been conspicuous examples of some ostensible change of heart on the part of American business. Assuredly this “conversion” has not been independent of the Nov. 3.” Yet, whatever the reason for the change, it will pay the President to meet these gestures of renewed cordiality somewhat more than half-way.

N spite of the Madison Square Garden speech Mr. Roosevelt's program, as far as revealed, can not succeed without the co-operation of business. The only alternative to h EE er ha Span: as

“mandate of |

Sweden along the “middle way” between fascism and communism. The President is a human being, and if any human being ever had a just reason for a vindictive spirit certainly the President has ground for such a normal reaction. No public figure in history has been subjected to stupid and malicious ingratitude on such a colossal scale as that involved in the attitude of American business and finance toward the Roosevelt policies irom 1933 to 1936. Never before has the hand that fed been so ungraciously and extensively slapped,

But expediency and strategy would | seem to indicate that a conciliatory

policy is the one most needed right | now. The President should give |

finance and business the benefit of | | the doubt until they have had a! higher | chance to prove the sincerily of |

their current gestures or to expose the hollow sham of it all by pulling off another “running-out act,” as they did in 1934.

” » » OR the present it would seem that the acid test of the sin-

cerity of the current protestations of business and finance as to a

change of heart will be their adop-

tion of a sane and modernized labor

policy, embracing the complete right

of unionization on a national scale. Only through such action can mass purchasing power be provided under a competitive system. So far business is open to legitimate suspicion on this point. There has been either complete silence or sly and ingratiating winks at company unions.

SOFT-COAL REGULATION

Times Special WASHINGTON, Dec. 31.-—-Pro-ponents of Federal regulation for the soft-coal industry — once achieved in the Guffey Act—today cited new arguments based on the striking speed with which bituminous mining is being mechanized. Mechanization is now said to be increasing the competive threat, as well as reducing the demand for manpower,

KNOW YOUR INDIANAPOLIS

Indiana University's extsnsion division, medical school and dental school are located here. More than 40 per cent of the university's property, valued at nearly $5,400,000 is situated in Indianapolis. Annual enrollment in this city is and local extension

| | |

Qur Town

BY ANTON SCHERRER

NY way vou look at it, 1936 was a sign and a portent, Plenty of vears have had color and pace—even distinction—but 1936 had greatness. It was the year the mice began to sing. What happened before doesn’t matter now, because 1936 will go down as the year everybody was happy enough to sing. In my own case, the happiness was complete, 1 don't think I'll ever forget the memorable moment

of a day in August when I learned, by way of the New Yorker, that Mrs. Fairbanks of New Rochelle had duplicated her bathroom towels, shower curtains and glassware in half-a-dozen colors for the express purpose of rotating them through the year to match the covers of the Reader's Digest. And 1 was quite beside myself with joy when the Nobel Prize was given Eugene O'Neill with the illuminating explanation that the prize was not awarded last year because the literary crop didn’t make the grade, Once the mice began to sing, the pattern even for the Swedes. It was the year the mice began to sing. Indeed, 1b was a feast for the beasts, The locusts had everything their way and nothing interfered with the blackbirds eating up the Soldiers and Sailors’ Monument, Nor did anybody stand in the way of the movement of the Western squirrels. They arrived in California in April and decided to settle there for good. It was the year, too, an Irvington goldfish fancier rejuvenated his old pets by running them through an electric washing machine, To say nothing of the chicken fancier over in Leeds, England, who brightened up the faded combs of his old hens with lipstick, It was the year the mice began to sing.

Mr. Scherrer

it set

Good Prediction Year Too

T was a vear rich in predictions; too. The National Association of Fortune Tellers, assembled in convention in Trenton, N. J. turned up the cards and read that, “Mr. Landon will win if he gets the proper support.” Dr. David Causey of the University of Arkansas predicted the end of the human male and set the time somewhere in the eon after the next. And the Literary Digest, not to be outdone, predicted that, before the end of the summer, everybody with the necessary price could fly around the world in two weeks. Haw! Haw! You thought I'd pull that old one about the poll. It was a memorable year for rumors too. The persistent rumor, for instance, that Jim Farley would give up his postoffice job. And the equally persistent one that Hitler would give up the petty cares of his present office to take up the running of the University of Wisconsin. And just a short time ago, almost coincidental with the music of the mice, the Associa= tion of Indianapolis Tailors joyously spread the rumor that men around here will wear brightly colored evening clothes this season. on ” ”n

Cave Marriage 1 SPOKE of the greatness of the vear. It was all of that. FEaline Scroggins and Herman Jarrett of Grants Pass, Ore, dressed up in wild animal skins and got married in a cave. Charlie Chaplin, John Barrymore and others got into the same hole, There was some talk, too, of David Windsor getting around to it. Eleanor Roosevelt kept Mrs. Landon from landing a columnist’s job. Cornell University bred the objectionable smell out of cabbage. Peltier’s Comet showed up at Delphos, O. Jesse Owens turned professional and two of the Olympic pugilists had to be sent home because of homesickness.. Elynor Glyn, author of “Three Weeks” and inventor of “It” had her appendix removed. It was the year, too, Mrs, Wallis Simpson thought up the side-splitting bon-mot about soup. “Soup,” said Mrs. Simpson, “is an uninteresting liquid which gets you nowhere.” It was the year the mice das to sing.

A Woman's View

BY MRS. WALTER FERGUSON

ERY soon, there will be only beautiful women in the United States.” Such is the delightful prophecy somebody makes, although a short jaunt down any city street is enough to convince you we've a good while to go before the happy time arrives, On second thought I'm not sure I'd like a country without homely women, unless all females could be chloroformed at 40, and that, too, might be a calamity. You see, nothing seems to addle women's brains these days like the possession of unusual comeliiness. A good many become obsessed with the idea that such beauty as theirs can never fade, or must never fade, and so they dedicate their lives to its preservation. I saw a aame of 60 not long ago who had just had her face peeled. In her heyday she had heen a keen number, fed on compliments, and most of her life has been spent in front of her mirror, But some=where in the contemplation of her charms her mental processes seem to have come to a standstill, for she still expects to go over big with the boys when her new wrinkleless face is again in circulation. Now, very few plain girls grow up to be such foolish old women. From the beginning of their lives they are resigned to the fact that they belong to the common garden variety of mortals, and therefore expect no special favors from time, society, or life, Whatever they get in this world they earn, and at 60 are usually women having long since emerged from the flighty, adolescent state. One could wish that the beauticians, while plying their trade, might encourage the adult woman to behave as an adult. It's so much more becoming to her than the juvenile pose. There is something truly tragic in this desperate holding on to youth by aged ladies. On2 feels like weeping for them one minute and like spanking them the next, for they hava the attitude of little children toward life, and appear to exist in a perpetual fairy tale.

Your Health

BY DR. MORRIS FISHBEIN Editor, Amer. Medical Assn. Journal

RGUMENTS still rage as to why we have tonsils, Some investigators believe they take care of ine fectious germs that come into the throat. Tonsils respond to infection by swelling, with consequent pain, soreness and difficulty in swallowing. If the infection spreads through the body, there is fever, weakness, rapid pulse and occasional chills, Then the glands at the side of the throat swell and become painful. The germs which affect the tonsils may get into the blood and be carried to joints, heart or’ kidneys, affecting those tissues as well, The germ responsible for tonsilitis is usually the streptococci germ, which has many forms and which harms the human being a great deal. Inflammation of tonsils and throat therefore must always be studied to make certain that it is due to the streptococcus and not to the organism of diphtheria, which is of different character and ree quires a different type of treatment. In tonsilitis, the throat is purplish-red and swollen. In diphtheria, a grayish-white membrane forms. Occasionally, how« ever, a streptococcus also may produce a membrane which is difficult to distinguish from that of diphtheria. In cases of doubt, the doctor will always remove a part of the membrane with a swab and examine the germs under the microscope, to determine their character. He may also send some of the material to the laboratory of the health department, in which they ili be grown on a suitable medium, {rom which i§ | be e to determine whether they are d

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