Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 23 December 1936 — Page 13

Washington!

BY RAYMOND CLAPPER (Ernie Pyle, Page 10) NV ASHINGTON, Dec. 23.—~There significance in the refusal of the Republican National Committee to accept the resignation of Chairman John Hamilton, The committee merely took the position that it was had policy to swap horses in the £1.000.000 deficit The dashing red-

chairman, who betraved New Dealish

the running

middle of a headed national tendencies during deficit,

up a party was

sentenced to spend the next three |

vears and a half at hard labor balancing the party budget. is jokingly called a vote of confidence. The Republican Party's policy will be developed gradually here, beginning with the return of Congress in two weeks. Those Republican national committeemen who in the meeting at Chicago this back and declared there was noth-

ing wrong with the party, that this |

Mr. Clapper just wasn't a Republican year,

will have little to do with shaping | ''s spokesmen on policy will come | members of the House and |

The party from the Republican Senate who know how to get elected. It is significant the only two persons at the Chicago meeting Republican National Committee ted this year were sharply critical of the conthe campaign. was Rep. Hamilton Fish of New | Roosevelt's own Dutchess County. The other Everett Dirksen of Illinois. Neither has had anding among Republican leaders, still they enough to survive the Roosevelt landslide. nee the Republican leadership as reac-

policie gS.

York, who

not possible at this early date for any group men to lay out policies for the 1940 campaign. un un n

Different Questions

OSSIBLY the social of the Roosevelt time be generally Totally different questions may be up Administration is one of the New points and unless the

and economic readjustments Administration will by more

Deal's

more some and wasteful bureaucracy tack Civil Service needs far hauling than seems in prospect. It has heen starved and burdened with antiquated routine. Notwithstanding much talk about economy, Chairman Buchanan of the House Appropriations Committee already is disheartened at the feeble reductions of expenses which are proposed. Here are places where the Republicans can turn their spotlight.

may be ripe for atmore fundainental over-

n ” » Administration Fat

fr CETHERNORE. for all of its social and economic the Democratic Administration is gathgood deal of political fat around its waistDeal rides on the shoulders of enormous political patronage. Its strongest props politically are the big city machines in the North— Tammany, Hague's in New Jersey, Guffey’s in Pennsvlvania, the Kelley machine in Chicago, Pendergast’'s in Missouri, and Curley’s in Massachusetts—all of them plain old-fashioned machine organizations, grown fat on New Deal spending. Republicans have been more interested in worryabout “the American way of life.” They played into Roosevelt's hands like suckers. He used to chuckle with his staff about it during the campaign and tell them that he could make a much better fight against President Roosevelt than the Republicans making. They hit him where he was strongest ind missed his weak spots completely.

advance

ering a

line The New

mg

were

Mrs.Roosevelt’s Day

BY ELEANOR ROOSEVELT

W ASHINGTON, Tuesday.—I was met at the airport vesterday afternoon by my little daughter-

and as soon as I came in, Elliott's little and the baby. Elliott Jr., were brought For a 5-month-old youngster He

in-law, Ruth, girl, Chandler in tbo mv sitting room. he is the most responsive baby I have ever .seen. smiles broadly at every one and never cries strangers approach him. Chandler is also a very friendly youngster, particularly with the gentlemen. Before she had been in the White House an hour at home and was running about, even going into her grandfather's study twice when matters of importance were being discussed! A rehearsal was going on for our stunt in the evening so I had to dash downstairs and run through my part and come back to dress for a 7 o'clock dinner, The President started off for the Gridiron Club dinner at just about the time we sat down for dinner at home, but as our actual party didn’t start until 9 o'clock our stunts were not started until about 9:30, and we were not This was provide the humo? Women are elve But we in a hilarious mood even though they show little weaknesses and make fun of our foibles This morning

parting guests and at

entertainment,

caid to be devoid of humor about them-

of de 11 o'clock I had the first Press ysked Miss Lavinia Engle. who is connected with the work of the Social Security Board, to come over and explai which are not easily understood. In mv mail I have been receiving inquiries of every kind, some of them asking why Federal Bank employes included, others demanding tc know why doservants and farm labor were not included unemplovment insurance, ete. I felt that a ng up of this legislation would be helpful

n some

were not mestic under little writi all around There tson «

newer ana me

were guests for luncheon, Mr. and Mrs. Carl who were such kind hosts to Mrs. when we were there last spring: Mr, ¢ Gugler, who was the consultant architect on dower the executive office, and Mr. Clarence Pickett the Friends Service Committee.

New Books

PUBLIC LIBRARY PRESENTS—

A Toa OoUS 4 position in

three mar

Toledo,

pre-war Career,

two great empires, a vast fortune, beaut her autobiography, (Putnam), rise from a stock company actress during the “gay neties” to a great lady in international society.

n | Gleefully, and with a wicked tongue, Lilie gossips about her friends and acquaintances in the inner circle of |

the Furopean and American elite. Her fipst marriage to 8 German Baron was unsuccessful, but her marriage to the Russian, Count Nostitz, was happy and spectacular. The next 25 years of Lilies life were spent in Russia, and she barely escaped during the revelution. After Count Nostitz' death, Lilie thought her life would hold little more; but she met an interesting young Spaniard, Senor Manuelc de Pernandez-Azabel, and found more happiness in her “Indian summer” marriage.

® n 5

TINE short plays to be presented in three evenings are contained in TONIGHT AT 8:30, Noel Coward's latest literary and Thespian effort (Doubleday). According to the author, a short play can sustain tion of the “monotony of repetition” the company, and, through them, to the audience. The plays have been written especially for the talents of Gertrude Lawrence and Mr. Coward. Skillfully grouping the three plays which compose each night's offerings so that there is a balance of emotion, Mr.

Coward still manages to show all the qualities de- | manded of him; drawing room comedy, fantasy,

*

The Indianapolis Times

Second Section

is no |

WEDNESDAY, DECEMBER 23, 1936

Entered as Becond-Class Matter Indianapolis,

at Postoffice,

PAGE 18

Ind.

campaign only to the extent of |

This |

week patted Hamilton on the |

who were |

that | accepted among Republicans. |

weak | impending reorganization is | thorough than any‘one here expects, a cumber- |

when |

she made herself entirely |

THE THREE GREAT ISMS OF EUROPE

Fascism, Nazism and Communism Have Points of Similar ity

BY BERTRAM BENEDICT (Copyright, 1936, by Editorial Reports)

NY comparison of fascism, naziism and communism—the points they have in common, the places where they diverge—must be somewhat tentative. For one thing, the picture changes fast. Statements which were true of Italy, Germany, or the Soviet Union a month ago are no longer true today; statements which are true today may not be true a month hence.

Also, these three great dictatorships all impose restrictions on the press, the radio, the cables, even the mails. Certain Italian, German and Russian developments of the highest import are probably unknown even to wellinformed persons at home, to say nothing of observers abroad. And Mussolini, Hitler, and Stalin change, or even disregard, the philosophies under which they operate when events so require. They act first, rationalize later. Perhaps the most pretentious of these three philosopohies of dicatorship is that of the Soviet Union. It is based on the complicated, abstruse ideology of Karl Marx. Marx predicted that the private profit system eventually would commit suicide. That the way would then be open for the working class to take over government as well as industry. That all necessary goods would be produced and distributed in the new classless society not for profit, but to accord with human needs. Incidentally, Marx prophesied that the co-operative commonwealth would be preceded by a period of state capitalism similar to what is called Fascism today. The Nazi state operates under a creed almost as thorough-going as the Marxian. The Nazis have abandoned most of the tenets of Christianity, to uphold the virtues celebrated in the old Germanic legends which Wagner has immortalized.

= o 4

N all three countries the new creed has become the equivaient of a zealous, missionizing religion. Indoctrination is intense and omnipresent. The Reich aims at fulfilment of the manifold destiny of the Germans: Italy, at the glorious supremacy of the Italians, the Soviet Union, at the inevitable victory of the proletariat. The Reich, holding the Germans the race par excellence, demands racial hegemonv—hence the suppression of the Jews, The constituent German states have been shorn of many of their old prerogatives. Italy, largely homogencous racially and politically, has taken steps to wipe out the ages-old dissension between north and south Italians. And although Russia entertains no notions about ethnic superiority and grants much autonomy to the states which comprise the fed-

Dictator Stalin . ..

erated Union of Soviet Socialist Republics .the Soviet bends every effort to eliminate the capitalists (bourgeoisie) as an economic class. All three countries are organized into corporate states. That is, unity of purpose is imposed as in a modern industrial corporation. It follows that opposition is not brooked, any more than a business organization would tolerate hostility to its purposes by its employes, or a steamship company would order the captains of its vessels to alter their course and their destination every day according to a vote of the crews. In the totalitarian state, opposition is the ultimate immorality; ahly method is justified in crushing it. Stalin lays as heavy a hand on anti-Communists as Hitler and Mussolini on Communists. Howeyer, the Soviet Union recognizes political democracy as desirable when it has become practicable. The Soviet leaders tolerate a certain amount of criticism, but only in details, not in central purpose. They have proclaimed that they will move toward parliamentary processes after the people have recovered from capitalist’ indoctrination, and after the Communist. state has emerged safely from its revolutionary phases. The new Russian constitution, essentially a democratic document, represents a long step in that direction—at least on paper. ” n z= TALY and Germany, on the other hand, regard democracy as fallacious in theory and ridiculous in practice, as paralyzing ef-

“he tolerates a certain amount of criticism.”

Dictator Mussolini . . . “to him democracy is ridiculous.”

fective action, as enthroning cross purposes, stupidity, ignorance and inefficiency. Mussolini and Hitler consider as normal the machinery of government which democracies adopt as martial law under abnormal circumstances. However, Hitler, unlike Mussolini and Lenin, waited to assume complete power until it had been conferred by the existing constitutional machinery. Each of the three dictatorships upholds the virtues of leadership by the enlightened minority—in Italy, the Fascista party; in Germany, the National Socialists (Nazis); in Russia, the Communist party. And in each case the minority vents its dictatorial power through one man; The

XD

Dictator Hitler . . . he holds Germans “the race par excellence.”

Duce, the Fuehrer, the secretarygeneral. | Each country considers the state all-dominant, so that the individual must completely identify his life with its progress. He has no prerogatives which the state does not bestow. If his desires happen to conflict with the welfare of the state, he must yield without demur, Mussolini marched to power by ‘the help of bankers, and Hitler by aid of industrialists. Nevertheless, now that Il Duce and Der Fuehrer sit in the seats of the mighty, they call the tune at times for business and finance as well as for farmers

and workers.

"NASMUCH as strikes and lockouts are harmful to the national welfare, they are not tolerated in any of the three great dictatorships. In Italy and Germany, trades unions have generally been disbanded or rendered impotent. In Russia they are assiduously cultivated, but as an arm of the government, dominated and directed by it. The Soviet Union follows the Socialist creed by having the govcrnment (and to some extent cooperatives) own and manage essential property. Concessions to the contrary have of necessity been made to farmers, to small tradespeople and to foreign capitalists.

finished as soon as the gentlemen. | the year for the newspaper women's clubs to and they did it with keen |

all seem to live through these parties | up our | seemed to be one constant succession |

conference which we have had in a long time. 1

of the things in the Social Security Act |

a brilliant social |

riages, and a revolution have been the lot of | iful Lilie Bouton of Hamburg, Towa—so far. In | THE COUNTESS FROM IOWA | the American born Countess Nostitz (Lilie | de Fernandiz-Azabel) candidly tells the story of her |

a mood better than a long one; and the elimina- | is a stimulus to |

GREEN PASTURES FOR

MUSK-OX

BY DR. FRANK THONE Science Service Editor in Biology (Copyright, 1936, by Science Service) ASHINGTON, Dec. 23. — Uncle Sam seems to be a success as a musk-ox cattleman. His little herd of thirty-some animals have been breeding; calves on stocky little legs follow the shaggy cows about. They have been feeding; they find the grasses, sedges and aspen leaves of their pasture near the Fairbanks, Alaska, Experiment Station as appetizing and nutritious as they did the somewhat scantier vegetation of their original home in East Greenland. They have suffered a few losses from disease, more from predatory animals, especially bears. Here, their fierce unreckoning courage and instant readiness to fight seem to have been the undoing of a number of them. A bear invades their pasture. A musk-ox charges the bear. The bear smacks him down with a ponderous paw. And another knockout is scored—permanently. So the United States Biological Survey scientists, governmental nursemen to “he musk-oxen, have just transfered the whole herd from Fairbanks to Nunivak Island in Bering Sea, off the mouth of

| By

the Yukon, where the pasture is |

just as good and there aren't any bears. There the herd is expected to increase more rapidly.

" " ”

NCE upon a time there were native musk-oxen all through the arctic part of Alaska. But whalers hunted them for meat and skins, and for a hundred vears or more they were extinct. Until half a dozen years ago Uncle Sam didn’t own a single musk-ox. Then, partly to follow the good example of our neighbor Canada in trying to keep the species alive, partly with an eye to possible eventual usefulness, Congress appropriated enough money to buy a small nucleus herd of voung animals. They were captured in Greenland, and had a most romantic roundabout trip to the other side of the roof of the world which was to be their new home. steamer to Copenhagen and then to New York, by rail to

Seattle, by steamer again to Sew-

ard, Alaska, once more by rail to Fairbanks. Now they complete their long hegira, to their perma-

| nent island residence. Some of

their offspring will eventually

make other trips, to stock main-

Musk-ox meat is declared to be good eating by the few white men who have ever had the good fortune to taste it. Their long wool, thick under the outer protecting coat of hair, spins and weaves to equal the finest Cashmere. But it is unlikely that it will ever come to market in quantity, for the animals can not be shorn, The wool has to be picked off the bushes when it is shed during the summer, 2 ” = HE musk-ox is a very peculiar animal, whose nearest living relative appears to be the bison, or American buffalo. They have been termed bison trimmed down to half size and adapted for life in the Far North. The most notable things about their external appearance are their long, shawhlike coats of hair and wool. and the thick masses of the horn-bases that cover their brows. They are very combative, charge any enemy on sight, and quickly form themselves into defensive circles, bristling with horns, when danger threatens. They hate dogs. They become friendly enough toward men, however, when given opportunity to become acquainted.

SRRRARCARA DATURA TI a A uF CNS NR) SR RY RO RRA RR SxS hon SR RAPA A 4 wR Ri IR LAS AIR RRR RAR —

A le:

i fama |S

| Took el Ly ps a

BY MARK ASHINGTON, Dec. 23.—Last | Saturday the Interstate Com- | merce Commission decided, in ef- | fect, that railroad freight rates |

must go down on Jan. 1. The railroads have been charging an ex-| tra rate, a “surcharge,” under permission granted them when the de- | pression was still serious, in 1935. It expires at the end of the present | month. The railroads asked per- | mission to continue it, and the ICC |refused. Announcement of the | Commission's decision was made | | during the forenoon of Saturday. | | An immediate effect was a drop in | prices of railroad stocks in the half | { hour during which the Stock Exi change continued open that: day. One wonders if the railroad shareholders and managers recall an experience which ought to be vivid in their minds. Several months ago, the I. C. C. ordered the railroads to reduce passenger fares to 2 cents a mile. On that occasion, as on the | present, the response of many | (though not all) railroad managers took the form of woeful faces and gloomy predictions. But last month found the president of the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad reporting that “total passenger revenue was approximately 18 per cent above the same period the previous year; the number ot passengers showed an increase of 61 per cent.” This increased business the railroad was able to care for with an increase of only 6 per cent in “passenger train miles.” In other words, the reduction in passenger fares was accompanied by much profit to the railroad. In this happy experience, the Baltimore & Ohio was not alone; railroads generally shared it. It should be said at once that not all the increase in number of passengers was due solely to the cut in fares. The past five months were a period of rising volume of busi-

ness in all lines. But the fair inference is that probably in all] normal periods, and certainly during a period of rising volume of | business, the surest profit, and | clearly the most wholesome and! enduring profit, is to be made, not | by keeping charges high but by reducing them. The railroads may |

| bersons,” fictitious characters

Sullivan Urges Quantity Production, Low Prices

SULLIVAN HE action of th I. C. C, last Saturday is reiated to a problem which is at the very heart of the country’s economic condition and which will have very great weight in determining the economic future. Whether we have a long period of sound prosperity ahead of us or a quick and violent hoom followed by collapse, depends on whether we have a rapid rise in prices or whether prices are kept in restraint. A fairly extensive knowledge of the views of the soundest economists justifies the statement that an overwhelming majority of

ter course for the country, indeed the only good course, is the avoidance of high prices. In the best {economic circles the view is practically universal that the wise course for business at this time is to take advantage of volume, to produce at the lowered costs which increased volume permits—and then to pass the benefit of lowered costs on to the country by keeping prices ow. “Business” is of course, a broad term and a rule applying to most of business may not apply to some exceptions. Some businesses are not adapted to quantity production. But the railroads are an example of one large type of business which have benefited themselves as well as the country by a reduction in charges. Another example in a quite different field is the automobile business, which over a long period has profited itself and enricles the country by taking advantage of volume, improving its technological processes, and selling its products at constantly lowered prices.

KNOW YOUR INDIANAPOLIS

The house now occupied by the Knights of Columbus at 1305 N. Delaware-st is generally accepted as the old homestead of the “Magnificent Am-

”»

| disparaged. | of a deplorable tendency

| shed now stands,

them, | practically all, believe that the bet- |

BY ANTON SCHERRER

T is a common confusion in taste to hold that when new forms come in old forms not only go out but are at once nullified and I bring up the subject because on the part of youngsters today to pity us old-timers bee cause we couldn't go to the movies. Well, maybe we didn't have the cinema to go to, but, by George, we had the cyclorama. The cyclorama on W. Marketst, where the Traction Terminal had everything the modern movie has—and then some. It portrayed the “Battle ot Gettysburg,” I remember, and did it so realistically and vividly—indeed, so free of anachronisms—that even the G. A. R. veterans didn’t have any kick coming. Which is more than you can say for what the youngsters have to put up with today. I was lucky to see the “Battle of Gettysburg” when I did, because I believe, it was the last cyclorama to be shown in Indianapolis. As such, it was perfection. Indeed, 1b carried art way beyond the possibilities of mere paint, because I have a distinct recollection that the producers used honest-to-goodness cannons and real-fore sure trees and dirt to build up their foregrounds, which, of course, is something the modern movies haven't got around to yet.

Mr. Scherrer

Youngsters Wouldn't Understand

CAN'T hope to tell the youngsters how splendid it was. because, brought up as they are on black-and white photography, they wouldn't be able to under= stand. And the size of the thing! Why, it was so big that we boys had to take opera glasses along to follow the action on the horizon, and even then we missed a lot, Years later I learned that 48,000 soldiers had lost their lives in the real battle of Gettysburg. It surprised me a lot, because I'm sure that many more than that lost their lives at the battle on Market-st. A visit to the “Battle of Gettysburg’ was considers ably enhanced, too, by the fact that Fletcher Noe had his business in the same building. It was just east of the entrance, and you had to pass it to get into the

cyclorama. » ” nN

Little Boys’ Temptations

R. NOE styled himself as a taxidermist, but 1 never knew why. At any rate, I always thought it the negligible part of his business, because I never saw much activity in mounted animals around his place. Instead, I found his showcases loaded with arrow-heads, birds’ eggs, postage stamps, agates and geological specimens that went way back to troglo= dytes, or something. I never met anybody who knew so much about the temptations that beset little boys, and who displayed them so attractively. Well, as I was saying, we had to pass Mr. Noe's place to get to the cyclorama, and that's why I sometimes came home with a Swiss stamp instead of the latest report on the “Battle of Gettysburg,” despite the fact that I always started out with the best intentitions. Mr. Noe profited, too, by the geographical fact that it was practically impossible to get to Schissel’'s bath= ing place without passing the: Cyclorama Building.

A Woman's View

BY MRS. WALTER FERGUSON \

N the current issue of Independent Woman, Elinor Guthrie Hayes and Marjorie Shuler debate on the subject “Do Clothes Make the Woman?” The former deplores the “hours of lovely time sacrificed daily to send hundreds of thousands of office workers to their desks resembling as nearly as nature permits the visions of screen and dentrifice advertisements.” Hours which, as she explains, might be spent in study or research or philanthropy or plain work. On the other side, Miss Shuler contends that grooming, in conjunction with intelligence, ability and the inner niceties, make not only the woman but her career. No matter what our sentiments are, Miss Shuler would probably be declared winner if the matter were left to popular vote. For never has a nation of women been more dress-conscious. But this advice from the ladies who live near great style centers is often wide of the mark when addressed to those who work in smaller cities. This, for instance: “Don’t buy because the thing is in style; you'll meet it half a dozen times a day. Have the courage ‘to be different.” But, gentle dames, it's not courage we lack: it's cash. For what is more regimented than feminine fashions these days? You can't he different if your dress budget forces you to buy from department stores or less expensive shops. And there's a good reason, Medium-priced goods are not produced except in job lots. They are sold in job lots. And you can no more get a tight-sleeved gown when full sleeves are the vogue than you can get a buggy whip at a filling station. It is 2lmost impossible to find a big hat when little hats are in style or vice versa. The only way to beat the game is to have enough money to employ a good dressmaker—and good ones who make reasonable charges these days are as scarce as hen's teeth. The only alternative is to have enough time on your hands to hunt for needles in haystacks— the needle in this case being something entirely dife ferent from the prevailing mode.

Your Health

BY DR. MORRIS FISHBEIN Editor, Amer, Medical Assn, Journal

NE of the most disturbing complaints made to physicians hy patients involves a burning sensas= tion in the tongue. Examination of these cases may fail to reveal any physical condition which seems to be primarily responsible, Recent investigations have shown that filling of the teeth on opposite sides with dissimilar metals actually may result in setting up electrical manifesta« tions and cause burning of the tongue; occasionally even irritated patches will appear. There are, of course, othery-onditions in which the burning and irritation of thi tongue are entirely nervous. This may be the reaso. in cases of hysteria, locomotor ataxia, or other ailn ‘nts in which the nervous system is seriously upset. If a nervous disease is responsible it may be cone trolled, but in some instances no such condition can be found. In these cases the use of psychologic treat ment, including suggestion, may minimize, if not end, the disturbance. Certain types of changes in the tongue are cxtraors dinary, and arouse a great deal of interest among doctors. Sometimes the surface of the tongue, instead of being smooth, becomes marked by deep furrows and elevations. As a result, it looks like a map. The condition is aptly called “geographic tongue.” The furrows, of course, are due to development of thick patches on the surface. The condition usually tends to disappear if the victim uses mouth washes and mild antiseptics, and adopts a well-balanced diet, particularly one rich in vitamins and in antianemic substances, such as iron and liver. This condition of the tongue seems to occur most often in families. There is, therefore, some question as to whether the condition is hereditary, or occurs in families because members of each group tend to have similar diets and habits of life. Another extraordinary condition is called “black tongue.” This is usually associated with an enlargement of the tongue tissue =o that it has a hair) appearance; thus, the appellation “hairy tongue.” Various types of organisms have been blamed for rond: but none has been found invariably