Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 17 December 1936 — Page 23

qe

Wa shington

BY RAYMOND CLAPPER (Ernie Pyle, Page 31)

ASHINGTON, Dec. 17.—Chief Justice |

Hughes is one of the most spirited and

gallant characters of his time, vet he seems destined to be the victim of a tragic frus- |

tration which has gnawed at his long public career, As a young man he conducted the sensational in-

surance investigation. a notable service which made

him Governor of New York, then an associate justice | of the Supreme Court, and nn 1916

the Republican presidential candidate against Wilson Hughes lost the presidency by an accident—by failure, through no fault of his, to shakes hands

with Hiram Johnson when' their | paths crossed in California dur- | ing the campaign. That was his |

first major frustration. Yet Hughes survived the blow without later Harding made him tary of State. With courage, Hughes proposed gigantic naval scrapping program at the Washington Arms Conferfee and established naval limitation among the big

Mr. Clapper

bitterness and four years | Secre- | spectacular | the |

Powers, Fifteen years later, naval limitation is dead, |

» powers are building more furiously than ever.

Two entirely new navies—the German and Russian— |

are appearing. The ships we junked are being repiaced. It is as if the Washington Arms Conierence never had been held. That is his second great frustration. Now to face with futility, Hughes Chief Justice, because he holds office during a period of exceptional opportunity for achievement. chances are few.

” » ” Marshall Had First Chance ARSHALL had the first chance, being Chief Justice during the formative period. He rose to his opportunity and gave direction to constitutional day prestige. For coasting on the momentum which he gave to it. The next Chief Justice that you remember—but

for different reasons—probably is the tragic Taney, who held office duiing the critical period leading to

| was to be King.

as Chief Justice, he is for the third time face | remembered how he had sent her

had the chance to be the second great |

Second Section

THURSDAY, DECEMBER 17, 1936

\

Entered as Second-Class Matter at Postoffice, Indianapolis,

PRINCESS ELIZABETH—BORN RULER

(Last of a Series)

BY MILTON BRONNER NEA Service Staff Correspondent

ONDON, Dec. 17.—The Princess Elizabeth was not quite 10 when an event of really major importance

entered her life,

They were staying at Sandringham, when suddenly she and Margaret Rose were sent home to London. They were told only that “grandfather is very ill.” And yet a few days later they were returning with the Duke and Duchess to Sandringham to see ‘‘grandfather” for the last time, lying so still as the candles

flickered and the irozen ¢

guardsmen stood at either corner of the casket.

But, of course, “Uncle Elizabeth still

the cute Cairn terrier puppy when she was 3, and how he liked to

| get right down on the floor and

These | There have been but three of them.

“play horses.” And of course there was that time when she tried to curtsey when David entered the room, and fell down. “Uncle Dave” promptly fell down

| himself in the same manner, just

interpretation which has conthued to this |

He achieved for the court its chief power and | che had been given her first post-

a hundred years thé court has been |

the Civil War which the blundering Dred Scott de- |

cision did much to precipitate.

Hughes is Chief Justice during a third decisive |

period, when democracy is attempting to readjust itself to new conditions arising out of the industrial age. We are trying to make this readjustment under a Constitution which, although written 150 years ago for a primitive economic structure, has served, through interpretation, to meet new needs as they arose fairly well until now. ” ” uy Liberals vs. Comma Hounds

HE court is . 1ts interpretations.

divided, almost half and half, in One group of justices sees in the Constitution sufficient flexibility to answer most of these new requirements. The other group, the comma hounds, refuse to make any interpretations which will help in the process of readjustment. Hughes is caught in this deadlock between two schools of interpretation. The court is almost paralyzed. It lets the New York State Unemployment Insurance Act stand by a tie vote, unable to render an opinion either way. Congress is soon to return to belabor the court the House and Senate. Attempts will be made fo curtail its powers Public confidence in the

rourt goes down daily as it exposes its inability to |

help make our system work.

Mrs.Roosevelt's Day

BY ELEANOR ROOSEVELT

3 y ASHINGTON, Wednesday .—At 9 o'clock last W night, the President's train pulled into the station. I managed to slip into the end of the car before all the people who came down to meet him filled up the little compartment. He looks extremely well and while he has managed to lose some weight, James, who looks equally well, has gained some. The latter is trying to prolong his holiday by wears ing his summer clothes as long as possible, and had on

a suit which looked distinctly chilly, though he had put on a sweater under the coat which gave him a |

kind of tight look all over. Thev all feel that the trip has been successful and will bear fruit in better understanding between the Americas. But the home-coming was distinctly sad, for all of them felt, with those who were here, a deep sense of loss over Gus Gennerich's death. This morning the simple services in the East Room were held and as many of Gus’ friends as possible, besides his voung nephew, August Gutrie, and his brother-in-law who came on from New York, were here. The service was a fine and dignified one; the music played by some of the men in the orchestra at the Mavflower Hotel, who asked to come and play as his friends. was very lovely. It is good to have lived so that vou can leave a memory which was expressed by one of Gus’ friends in the following words: “He was always ready to help any one who needed help.” Anv one of us might be proud of that epitaph. 1 thought I might fly to Boston this afternoon, but 1 find that Franklin Jr. is getting on very well and hopes to be allowed to come home the early part of next week. He is far more interested in getting some material for some work he has to do for colege than in having any more visitors, and his voice sounds quite strong and cheerful. Therefore I am staying here this afternoon seeing a number of people and finishing up a few tag ends of Christmas preparations. I wonder if any of my readers read a letter published in the July Forum, written by an Arkansas farmer's wife? Yesterday I received from her the story of her life which a book publisher told her he would be interested in reading. I doubt whether it is long enough for a book and I have only read the first few pages, but if it continues in as simple and straightforward a style, I hope it will see the light of day in some publication.

New Books

PUBLIC LIBRARY PRESENTS—

“iE odds were five to one that the two impetuous g Americans would never reach the Red Sea James C. Wilson (who was to lecture at Block's I HREE-WHEELING THROUGH AFRICA 2orrill) gives a thrilling account of how he cis Flood crossed 3800 miles of jungle and desert caravan trails on {i with side cars. ng from Lincoln, Neb. the young men hitchy New York, where they boarded a freighter 1. Their plan was to cross Africa from the + coast to the Red Sea, and they did—although the worse for wear. Flod had never ridden a bike in his life; and when they weren't pushcr carrying these machines, it was still rough It wes a hazardous undertaking and many ; they came close to grim disaster. The. book is ed with humor and exciting adventure. v = :

BEST SELLERS "HE Scripps-Howard book-of-the-week poll, taken i in 28 cities, reevals that the best-sellers for the v ok ending Dec. 12 are: FICTION —Gone With the Wind; Yang and Yin; Drums Along the Mohawk; White Banners; Fair Company. NON-FICTION--American Doctor's Odyssey: Audabon: Man the Unknown; Heads and Tales; Live Alone and Like IL. ® » » | EST sellers for the week in Indianapolis were: FICTION Gone With the Wind; Drums Along the Mohawk; White Banners; Anthony Adverse; Yang and Yin. NON-FICTION —~American Doctor's Odyssey; Inside Furope; Live Alone and Like It; Man the UnAnowu; Auauben, 4

motor-cycles |

to show that it could happen to

anybody, even the Prince of Wales, How they both laughed!

But Elizabeth was growing up |

rapidly now. When she was 6 office bank, to put her pennies in. With all of $20 2a month to spend, quite by herself, it was possible to save a lot of pennies, though of course now there were things like buying holiday presents for Margaret Rose, as befitted a practically grownup young lady nearly § years older. ” ”n o HE relationship between Princess Elizabeth and her baby sister has been one of the delights of those who have observed the roval family closely. That she was placed in a situation of “little mother” has helped to mature Elizabeth, and her protective attitude and practical care of Margaret Rose have impressed many. The care with which Elizabeth planned her parties and gifts on festive occasions with the.interest of her baby sister at heart were most touching, Gradually the Princess’ sphere began to widen. It was at 8 vears that she was first taken to the circus, and the famous old clown came to the box and tried to fool her with his “hot poker” trick, thrusting forward what was supposed to be a red-hot iron. Sagacious little girls of 8 could easily see that it was just red paint, It was at that time that Princess Elizabeth went to her first play. Visits to Scotland and ‘he Earl and Countess of Strathmore became more rare as Queen Mary took a more and more active part in the training of the Princess. It was the Queen who began her training in court etiquette and the discipline that goes with long ceremonials. For instance, it was in 1935 that the little Princess was first taken to witness the annual ceremony

Dave” |

| giving a piano recital,

of the distribution of the Maundy Money, sitting patiently in a stall in Westminster Abbey while the purses were given out to some 140 picked pensioners. EJ » ” ER tenth birthday was again to be historic, the only one on which she was to receive a present from “Uncle David” as King Edward VIII. It was a rid-ing-crop, with her initials embossed in heavy silver, and it took a long time to find it, for the

birthday gifts were discovered in

a “treasure hunt.” Princess Elizabeth enlivened this occasion by and by singing and reciting in French. Though by this time she was allowed to drive a little electric car around the grounds of the private gradens at Windsor, her father put his foot down firmly against her desire to run the elevator in the Piccadilly house. The private tutoring under Miss Crawford, which was soon to have been replaced by a public school career, will probably be resumed now that Princess Elizabeth is so likely to become Queen Elizabeth IT. That has been the British tradition for potential feminine rulers. “Uncle David” passes along now, and her own father is King. But immediate change in the daily routine of the little Princess is not likely. It includes being called by her nurse at 7 a. m. for breakfast, visiting her royal father and mother at 8 to bid them “good morning this morning.” Lessons in French, literature, piano, dancing, writing and arithmetic follow until luncheon at 1, with play periods interspersed with the lessons.

2 » on EA is at 4, and an effort is always made to have either the Lascelles cousins, or other suitable little girls present at playtime, Bed-time is at 8, and neither “grandma” nor the new Scotch queen-mother is the type to allow any argument about it. The events of the past few weeks, placing Princess Elizabeth in line for the crown, will only speed up and accentuate the educational process. Before she was 3, the princess was given a terrestial globe, and knowledge of the empire she may one day rule will begin to be emphasized. It is disclosing no secret to note that the princess has been growing somewhat more plain in ap-

Queen Mary Ti wok Part in Rearing Heiress to the British T None

SANE 4

ant Be nd

5

TER poo

# #

(Photo from Studio Lisa; copyright, 1936, NEA Service, Inc.)

More than a father-and-daughter scene is this exclusive, intimate picture—it is a look into the private life of Britain's new King George VI and his heir presumptive, Princess Elizabeth.

pearance as she matures. In her baby days she really looked almost like Shirley Temple, with

glorious curly blond hair and blue eyes. But the curl has almost disappeared from her hair, and while she has a very sweet smile and the expressive eyes of her mother, she is beginning to look markedly like the former Queen Mary, now Dowager Empress, who exercised such a pronounced influence over her early years. = ” ”

HE prospect of possible succession to the throne by the golden-haired girl who is cheered lustily on every public appearance

does not cause any such tremors among the British public as Americans might imagine. Here it is not forgotten that of the four queens in their own right who ruled England, three were so illustrious as to impart their names to the ages in which they ruled. England achieved domination over half the world under Elizabeth. “Good Queen Anne” still brings mellow memories to students of English history, while Victoria's long and generally sunny reign is still green in the memory of older Britons. They know that under. the British conception of monarchy, a reign by a

new Elizabeth might well prosper beyond that of any of the male line of Windsor. So there is no alarm, but only the kindliest and most devoted in-

terest in the rapidly-growing and developing - girl who already, before she is 11, has shown so many of the traditional attributes of queenliness.

Elizabeth, Britain's

‘New Queen

A new series: starts tomorrow . on this page.

SCANDINAVIA, ROCK OF FREEDOM

BY MILTON BRONNER NEA Service Staff Correspondent ONDON Dec. 17.—A shining democratic light in the murky darkness of European dictatorships—that's Scandinavia. Recent nation-wide elections underline it, stress it, emphasize it. The sturdy folk, some of whose kinsmen have become solid citizens of American states like Minnesota, Wisconsin, Towa and the Dakotas, have refused to be drawn by the siren voices of communism or by the more strident song of Fascism and Nazidom. They have remained sane. They have kept their feet planted on the ground and their heads clear. The workmen in the cities and on the farms have united and made Scandinavia safe for democracy. If that democracy takes the form of Social Democracy, it need not fool the American reader. The Scandinavian brand of socialism is more democratic, more liberal than the extreme Marxism known elsewhere. It is not Red. It could hardly even be called pink. The best proof of this is that in Sweden the Agrarian—the farmer's party—joins

with it in the government, while in Denmark the Radicals do so. In Sweden, the biggest, richest and most populous of the Scandinavian states, the Social Democrats won a resounding victory in September. They had ruled the country for some years by reason of a coalition with the Agrarians. Last June there was a crisis. The Social Democrats are pacifists— if the world allows them to be. But they realized that in rapidly arming Europe, Sweden, too, must take care of its defense. They offered to their partners in the coalition to back rearmament if the others in turn would back improvement in social insurance.

O agreement ‘was reached. The cabinet thereupon resigned and a stop-gap Right coalition formed the government. In the September elections the parties of the Right tried their best to scare the electors by Red bogies. The solid, unfrightened Swedes gave the Social Democratic Party an increase of over 300,000 in the popular vote and 112 seats, instead of 102 in the last parliament. The real Reds,

the Communists, only got five seats and the Nazis got none. Old King Gustav at once called upon his Social Democratic friend, the beloved Per Albin Hansson, again to form the government. He did so, including Agrarians in his cabinet. Said Per Albin: “In these days, when democracy is surrounded by enemies, it is more than usually necessary to safeguard the system of government by the people by creating the broadest possible foundation for the work of the government.” In Denmark the government has been headed since 1929 by Premier Theodore Stauning, a Socialist. The cabinet is composed of a coalition of the Socialists and the Radicals. Last autumn the combination won 82 out of 149 seats in the Folkting—the lower house of parliament. But a thorn in its side has been the Langsting, the upper house. This has been the last stronghold of the reactionaries, who often thus blocked progressive legislation. So this year there was a resounding and bitter election for a new Langsting. » = ”

T= government declared if it won a majority in the Langsting, it would immediately proceed to pass laws doing away with that body, making parliament unicameral. The result was almost unique in election history. The government won 37 seats. The combined opposition won 37

winner out of a 3000-vear-old bronze urn found in a tomb in Bornholm. The government won. It now has a majority in the Langsting, but will probably not do away with that body, because of the elections and referendum

Other Famed Abdications Are Described by Barnes

BY DR. HARRY ELMER BARNES

EW YORK, Dec. 17—Edward VIII joins a large and illustrious company of monarchs who, for one reason or another, have surrendered their thrones. Down to 1918 there had been about 50 major abdications in European history. Counting the abdication of the Kaiser and the 13 German state monarchs who quit in 1918, as well as the “suspension” of King Alfonso of Spain, the number is raised to well over 60. Abdications have been both compulsory and voluntary. Voluntary abdications have been carried out for a variety of reasons—sickness, weariness of royal responsibilities, restiveness under the requirements of royal etiquette, remorse and humiljation over unsuccessful policies or defeat in battle, for the good of the state, and the like. . Among the more notable forced abdications have been those of Richard II and James II of England, of Napoleon Bonaparte, of Charles X and Louis Philippe of France, of William IT of Germany and the lesser German Kings in 1918 and of Alfonso XIII of Spain. Alfonso did not formally abdicate. He merely “suspended the exercises of royal power in Spain” until the people had a chance to express their final verdict. But the republic formally deposed him and threatened him with punishment if he returned to Spain. » ® . | the case of Napoleon and of William IT and his associated kings, foreign intervention as well as domestic, discontent were involved in the abdications.. » Voluntary abdications have been more numerous, interesting and varied in their motives. In ancient Rome the dictator, Sulla, and the Emperor Diocletian abdicated in order better to test the independent

KNOW YOUR

INDIANAPOLIS Meat packing is the city's

nually slaughter cattle to the retail value of more than $26,000,000.

!

workings of the constitutional systems they had established. Weariness with the burdens of royal rule helped along two of the more dramatic and important of historic abdications, those of the Sultan Murad II of Turkey in 1445 and of the Holy Roman Emperor Charles V in 1556. In the case of Charles V the weariness was induced in part by growing administrative difficulties and by physical ailments and increasing age. William I of Holland abdicated in 1840 as a protest against the separation of Belgium from Holland, a revolutionary and international act to which he would not give his assent. Charles Albert of Sardinia abdicated in 1849 in part in shame over defeats on the battlefield and in part as a protest against the intervention of Austria in Italian affairs, frustrating the movement for Italian independence. ” » ” ERHAPS the closest approach to the abdication by Edward VITI over the case of Mrs. Simpson would be the abdication of Queen Christina of Sweden in 1654—immortalized on the screen by the performance of Greta Garbo—because of weariness and disgust over the limitations imposed by the etiquette of the court and royalty. But Christina's case was complicated by a possible sincere conversion to Catholicism and impatience with the rigid

Protestantism of her realm. As implied above, there have been

ElpE.0 Pegs

i

8s 2 8

PAGE 21

Ind.

Our Town

BY ANTON SCHERRER

N° hero of my boyhood received more posthumous affection than Jesse James, And it seems strange, now that I look back,

because Mr. James really didn’t belong to my generation. As a matter of fact, he had

been dead 10 years when we boys got around to him and I've often thought about it, because IX don't know another man who took less time to gather

to himself the attributes of saintliness. At any rate, Mr. James was very much of a saint when we boys came to examine his life, and I think much of his reputation was due to an Irishman who lived in our neighborhood. This Irishman was by way of being another hero because he piloted a locomotive between Indianapolis and some town in Illinois, and we counted it a poor run if he didn't return with a new story about Jesse James. Our Irish hero always spoke of Mr. James in the present tense which Mr, Scherrer contributed perhaps as much as anything to the legend that Mr. James was still alive, Anyway, it threw us kids off the track. Patching together what I remember of the Irishe man's story, I distinctly recall that Mr. James was always on the side of the poor, in which respect he was not unlike Robin Hood. With this difference, however, that whereas Robin Hood always made a Jot of fuss about everything he did, Mr. James never did. Mr. James did everything as if it were in the line of duty-—indeed, as if it were something expected of him—which was more to our liking, ” o ”

Out to ‘Soak Rich’

VEN as far back as 50 years ago, I remember my Irish friend saying that Mr. James was out “te soak the rich.” These were his very words, and to prove his point he said that it wasn't for nothing that Mr. James’ career paralleled that of the panic, the railroad strikes and the revolt against conditions that favored the rich. That led, of course, to Mr. James’ first train holdup in Adair, Ia. in 1873. It was a pretty crude affair compared to what he did later, but everybody has to make a start, said the Irishman. Anyway, Mr. James got a lot better after that, and perfected his art to include the looting of banks, That was the best part of the Irishman’s repertoire because it included the stories concerning Mr. James’ kindness. ” ” ”n

‘Always Good to Poor’

NEVER knew a repertoire so rich in examples of charity. Mr. James was always good to the poor, but sometimes he even surpassed himself as, for in= stance, when he loaned $1500 to a poor widow a few minutes before her hard-hearted landlord arrived to foreclose the mortgage on her home. The widow gave the landlord the money and got a signed receipt, I remember, when out of somewhere in the shadows crept Mr. James and Killed the skinflint landlord. Sure, he got his $1500 back. Of course, in the end, somebody got Mr. James. It happened somewhere in St. Joseph, Mo., I believe, but it was a phase the Irishman never liked to talk about. Seems that Mr, James was caught napping, and it was so contrary to everything he had done up to that time that the Irishman just couldn’t believe it. Anyway, he didn’t want to believe it, and that's why we boys sort of got the idea that Mr. James was still alive,

A Woman's View

BY MRS. WALTER FERGUSON

ITH Edward setting such an example, we trembles even more than usual for modern man. When we compare our ex-monarch with his doughty ane cestor Henry VIII, who hacked his way through fair throats to keep a throne, we comprehend how the mighty male has fallen from his once high estate. In the current Scribner's, Thomas H. Uzzell and V. E. Leroy discuss the “Decline of the Male” and you will be hard put to refute their thesis. They point to modern advertising, popular magazines and successful films to prove that nowadays man’s chief reason for being is to do his lady's bidding, promote her welfare and happiness and keep her clothed in fine raiment. Yet the very fact that such articles now appear more and more often in print must be evidence that a rebellion is brewing in masculine ranks. Perhaps ere long timid man will rise in wrath and reclaim his lost authority. But this Edward business is a terrible blow to the cause. Certain men have given up many things for women, but never before in the history of the race has a throne—the strongest on earth and just about the only one left worth having—heen relinquished for a wife. How the Huns and Vikings, how the Romans and Spartans, the Pilgrims and pioneer fathers would have laughed at the thought! For in olden days it was woman who made such sacrifices for love, never stalwart man. He took; she gave. He commanded; she obeyed. In fact there seems to have occurred an almost complete reversal in the roles of our human drama. I'm not sure it's all for the best. After this last magnificent gesture of royal gale lantry, what does man have left to boast? And will not women plunge anew into a sea of sentimentalism? There also arises a sneaking suspicion that Wallis Simpson would have admired her Edward more if he had stuck to his line of duty. Woman may demand much of men, but the last great gift, their integrity and their soul—that we do not want. The author of Ecclesiastes puts it this way, “Give not thy strength unto women, nor thy ways to thas which destroyest kings.”

Your Health

BY DR. MORRIS FISHBEIN

Editor, Amer. Medical Assn, Journal

ECENT surveys indicate that more than 3,000,000 school children in the United States have dee fective hearing. Modern electrical devices are used to test the heare ing of large groups. Before these tests are given, the children are always asked if they have ever had ear~ aches, or ear infections with a discharge, or if they hear noises such as buzzing, hissing, or roaring. Authorities are now convinced that children’s hear= ing should be examined regularly, and that necessary steps should be taken promptly to prevent loss of their ability to hear. Moreover, it is customary nowadays to provide for children, who have difficulty in hearing, special classes in which they may learn lip reading. Finally, it is possible to fit such children, in some instances, with devices which will enable them to hear better. Many people complain of ringing in the ears, throbbing or whistling or of other peculiar noises, Causes of such trouble are not always in the ear, although disturbances of the internal ear or of the eustachian tube frequently may be responsible. A large blood vessel passes through the bones of the skull close to the ears. Difficulties in circulation of the blood may cause this blood vessel to throb. This throbbing sound is transmitted to the ear. If the person thus affected will lie on the opposite side, avoid tight neckbands or else that might cause pressure on the blood vessel in the throat, he may rid himself of the symptom. If throbbing, whis« tling, or roaring persists, a medical expert should be consulted. If the difficulty is due to congestion, or to infection of either the internal canal leading to the eardrum or of the tissues beyond the eardrum, treatmént of nose, throat and ear frequently will be of benefit and produce a cure. One authority is convinced that people who do not ence ringing in the ears are exe rare. It is his belief that everyone has ring=