Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 10 November 1936 — Page 12
a
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INCREASED FOREIGN A
= AND HIGH COURT CURB SEEN
INROOSEVELT'S SECOND TERM
New Deal’s Attitude Toward Labor, Utilities, Unemployment, Agriculture, Taxation Reviewed by The Times’ Writers.
By Scripps-Howard Newsyaper Alliance WASHINGTON, Nov. 10.—The next few months may not be such a honeymoon for President Roosevelt as were his first hundred days in "33 when panic bent every knee in loyalty to the new executive. But the magnitude of his popular mandate is likely to silence, at least for a time, many of his loudest critics. What will the President do in these next few months while the laurels of his second victory are still fresh? What are the problems he faces, and in what mood and manner will he attack them? Pressing for his immediate attention is the maritime strike, now ominously spreading. Confronting him also is the problem of personnel ;
there is much talk of possible | | ing? will it revise jhe Social Se. ° | curity Act to reduce the contribuCabinet changes, and 20 OF | tion now required from labor? more important
executive| These and many other problems posts are vacant. A message on the |
| confront the President. Herewith, i members of the Washin state of the Union must be prepared | of The. aah ion Bureau for the Congress that meets Jan. | their opinions of what the next few 5. and a second inaugural address months and years hold in store in for Jan. 20. | some of these fields:
But overshadowing® these imme- | I—FOREIGN AFFAIRS
diate matters are long-term prob- | lems of vast moment. Should an, BY WILLIAM PHILIP SIMMS attempt be made to amend Lhe; Times Foreign Editor Constitution? Should a way be | President Roosevelt's second term
the beneSought $0 sexlve some of the of its | Will see greater activity in the forArawbacks? wnat is to be done | eign’ field, unless all signs fail, than
about safeguarding our neutrality ever has taken place in the nation’s in the not unlikely event of a | peace-time history. European war? What about the| He comprehends better than did unemployed, the farmers, the tax-|any other American President, pospayers, the utilities? = What re-|sibly excepting Woodrow Wilson, the ward goes to lavor for its resound- | futility of any great power attempting vote of confidence? Will the | ing to isolate itself. He contends government subsidize low-cost hous-!that good times or bad largely de-
‘GREAT
11th
Without the League of Nations or the World Court, to the full of his power he plans to have the United States co-operate. with all nations for the promotion of peace and better times. The President admits he is more concerned over events abroad than over the immediate future of our own country. His first desire being to keep America out of war, he plans to strengthen the neutrality law which expires next May. In line with this, he and Secretary Hull will go to Buenos Aires, where an Inter-American Conference for the Maintenance of Peace convenes on Dec. 1.
Co-operation Sought
It is the President's belief that if the New World republics can come to an understanding to preserve peace among themselves, and provide for a freer flow of trade, a long step will have been made toward world peace and prosperity International currency stabpilization is another Roosevelt objective. A new world economic conference is a possibility. But the President Is more than half convinced that the natural day-by-day development of his present bilateral tariff negotiations, coupled with most-favored-nation application thereof, may do more to start world trade flowing again than a big conference. Disarmament will remain on the Presidential program, this couniry being ready to reduce its weapons if and when other naiions are ready to do the same. Meanwhile he advocates ° adequate ~~ prepareduess, especially naval.
ll—THE COURTS
BY HERBERT LITTLE Times Special Writer
The President generally is believed to be intent on seeking to curb the Supreme Court's arbitrary
power—unless deaths among the aging justices soften the temper of the bench. Bound up with the struggle between the judiciary and the executive is the prospect of labor legisla~tion and of anti-monopoly legislation. Eventual effective enforcement of collective bargaining rights seems certain; minimum wages and maximum hours—at least in some industries—are another prime goal. “Codes” as such, and those famous initials “NRA,” are out. But a Federal incorporation law, possi-
| bly
Holding sideration enforce labor and trade-practice standards in interstate industries. Monopoly might be attacked through prosecution of notorious high-price industries’ under existing anti-trust laws, through reviefon of the new Robinson-Patman Act (forbidding price discrimination), through reducing the patent privileges of corporations, and through Higher taxes on holding companies. Perhaps the Supreme Court within the next six months will liber alize its interpretations to approve national economic and social legislation—by upholding the Social] Security Act, for one thing. Otnerwise a drive for a general constitutional revision, scuttling the court's assumed powers and limiting it to judicial and non-legis-lative. functions, is forecast by some New Dealers... This would take several years. Meantime, Congress may try to keep .the court within bounds by limiting its jurisdiction by statute.
IIl—UNEMPLOYMENT
BY ROBERT S. BROWN Times Special Writer
Any forecast of relief policies during the next four years must be
left open to revision. Relief is too closely interwoven with the entire social and economic picture to chart a course far in advance. A move ‘to fix maximum working hours or minimum wages, for instance, would be reflected: in’ relief needs (as will, eventually, the old-age benefits and unemployment insurance of the social security program). Roosevelt can not discard work relief as long as the Federgl government stays in the relief business. The vote on Nov. 3 was a stamp of approval on work relief as opposed to the dole. That work relief in the WPA form will continue through 1937 is fairly definite. Sufficient funds from Congress’ last appropriation are available to finance WPA through Feb. 1. Monthly disbursements, including drought relief, now average $160,000,000.
Future Plans Indefinite
Beyond 1937, the relief program is a guess. The eventual consolidation of all reliet functions .under ‘one
Gets Foreign American and
Police Calls
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con-1|
is under foontia be sed to)
head through establishment of :d|
Further will continue. The long-wanted census of unemployment seems a certainty, Heavy public works, as represented by PWA and distinct from WPA, probably will be tapered off. After four years of the New Deal, the relief problem is just as big as on March 4, 1933. The long-range approach to. a Solution lies ahead.
IV==AGRICULTURE
BY DANIEL M. KIDNEY Times Special Writer ¢
Secretary Wallace is more concerned about the future of agriculture than at any time since the New Deal was launched.
Farmers, he learned while campaigning in the wheat and corn states, are in a mood to cast off restrictions on acreage. With normal weather, the result would be huge surpluses which drag prices to depression levels.
Control by states, with the Federal government supplying funds under the Soil Conservation Act which replaces the Agricultural Adjustment Act, appears to be a dubious weapon with which to attack the problem. Under the old act, national control was functioning efficiently, but the Supreme Court ended that. So the “states’ rights” method likely will be used for the. present, for whatever it is worth, while crop insurance is ‘being developed. In time, a crop insurance plan, combined with Secretary Wallace’s idea of an ever-normal granary, may put a Brake on falling prices in bumper
yea But that is a.long-time program, highly experimental, and the secretary dreads the interim.
Weather Main Factor
As with. all farm problems, the greatest factor will be -one ' quite beyond control—weather. In two out of four years, drought has been a greater factor in crop curtailment than any New Deal measures. On orders from the President, Mr. Wallace is studying the possibilities of insurance for wheat, corn and cotton. He expects to have a re-
port by late December, and an in-
launched
surance plan may be probably
covering. a single crop, wheat.
Wheat farmers, long suffering
Also in the new agriculture pro- ||
gram will be Administration backing for legislation aimed at the problom of farm tenancy. Some such approach as that of the Irish Free State, with long-term low-interest loans and the tenant-buyer protected from mortgages, may result.
V—FISCAL
‘BY THOMAS L. STOKES Times Special Writer
The President soon will determine his policy on important monetary, banking, tax and financial questions,
especially since authority for cer-!
tain emergency agencies will expire shortly after Congress convenes.
He is expected to recommend continuation of his powers to devalue
‘the dollar and continuation of the
$2,000,000,000 stabilization fund, which otherwise would expire Jan. 31. Further devaluation is not anticipated, but the President desires to retain these powers, first so that he may be free to act in negotiating for possible international stabilization of currencies, and, second, as a protection should there be foreign raids against the dollar. Lending powers of the RFC are to expire Feb. 2. Informed opinion is that they will be extended, as far as they relate to railroads, mortgage corporations, and purchase of preferred stock, capital notes and debentures in banks and trust companies, and perhaps for commodity loans on cotton, corn, wheat, etc. but that other powers to lend to banks and industries will be: permitted to expire.
New Taxes Unlikely
No new taxes are likely to be récommended to Congress, but there may be modifications wherever discriminations are found to exist. The President has said that the principle of the undistributed earnings tax will be retained. The outcry raised against it by business may be met, however, by changes to remove hardships. Application of this law is being studied by Treasury and congressional experts along with
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