Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 12 October 1936 — Page 3
) nited Press " DENVER; Colo. Oct. 12.— The following is the Columbus Day speech delivered here to‘day by President Roosevelt: America pauses today ‘to honor ‘Christopher Columbus — a. great
ftalian whose: vision and: leadership and courage pointed the way to this
new world. Once launched upon his’
voyage, he did not turn back. e Bers were those who offered him the counsel of despair. There were those: who. thought that the price ‘they were. paying was. too great. But the valiant admiral, firm to his pur“pose, sailed on and all America pays him tribute today. The spirit that animated those yoyagers four. centuries ago is not “alien. to these Western plains and : s. ' You. are scarcely re‘moved one generation from men d ‘women who, cast in the same old, Sought to conquer nature for ‘benefit 'of the nation. It is from the rich diversity of climate, soil and people that this country has always derived its strength. The lives of you men and women in the mountains and plains are tied up with those on the farms and in the cities. In our unified national economic life, we now know that industry is not immune if agriculture or mining languishes. The great but ungven prosperity of the nineteenwenties made us neglect for too ng-a period the growing signs that things were not going right with the farmer and miner. Surely we have learned that lesgon. Surely you remember the idleYess of your gold ‘and silver, copper and coal and lead and zinc mines, your oil fields,’ your railroads, your . farms and ranches—all of them had suffered together in the collapse of prices and income. “And when’ that stream of business had dried on the farms and plains and in the hills, the stream pf Dusiness through the nation also , In the complete stagnation of businéss .of mines and of farms there was only one agency. capable of starting . things . going . again— ernment—not. local government, fot. 48 state governments, . because they had reached the limit of their resources, but the Federal government itself. And yet up-to March 4, 1933, the Federal government held back, doing nothing -except. to lend dollars to people ‘at the top with the vain hope that some of it would trickle- down, and . except to fold ‘their arms, stand still and wait for a. famous corner to come to. them. « .When this Administration came in, its first act .was fo discover where the corner was and then to turn it, The turning involved action,.and the action: was based on two obvious and simple methods of locomotion.” First, by spending money td ‘put péople to work, and, secondly, by lending money to stop ple from going broke. ' It meant doing these two things ‘in the industrial East, in the ‘South, in the Middle West, on the Plains, in the Rockies and out on the Coast. We knew that the only practical way to turn the . ‘corner was to start the whole - country turning it at the same tie, ‘2 ©: Coo a * ‘ne of the first jobs we underk "was the assistance to ihe __ .ainers‘and farmers inthe West. Those 6f you who Tow: see busi-
ness ‘moving again in your local
sheps and stores and factories know that your merchant's goods began to move off his shelves for the first time—that the wheels of ‘your factories and mills’ began to turn for the first time—only after the government had begun to = spend ‘money and had provided employment for milliong of people on. all kinds of projects. ~ °° *Of course we spent “money. It went to put needy men and women without jobs, to work, and to buy materials the processing of which" put’ other men and women $0 work. You on thé plains and throughout’ ’ the . great | mountain area can judge : for yourselves ‘hether the work was worth doing. © Washington did not ° originate the projects. You did,’ You told us where reclamation projects were needed. You told us where water should be conserved: You told us where floods should be controlled. You told us where new homesteads should be located. You -told us how Denver wanted to get its new water supply. You told us where roads” needed to.be improved. You told us, in short, in every state and eity and county throughout this great region and indeed throughout the United States the most practi-
315-17-19-E Washington St
cal way of giving work and at the this, too, was a policy of waste.
same time ereating public improvements of a permanent useful character. And in the overwhelming majority of cases your advice was
Today it is a pitiful spectale fo see Republican leaders call this great program waste and extravagance for they are the same leaders, who, when their own state or city or county was involved, were the first to run to Washington pleading | for Federal aid. Consistency is still {a virtue in life but when it comes to a campaign year consistency is a word that can not be found in the Republican campaign vocabulary and at that inconsistency is a mild term to apply to it. Take the effective example of livestock. If we had more irrigation, more reservoirs in the past, fewer cattle and sheep would have been threatened | with starvation -on the range dur- | ing the drought years. Lack of feresight on the part of former Administrations compelled us to buy up sheep and cattle which otherwise would have died in their tracks from lack of food and water. : This Administration is proud that it spent money to buy cattle and sheep in those days. Republican leaders tell us that
Who benefitted? , The stockman found a market and was literally saved from bankruptcy, the banter who held the mortgage on the stock, the merchant with whom the stocx:nan and the banker dealt, ihe packer who processed the meat. But above all those who benefited most were the unfortunate men and women and children on the rele! rolis—hundreds eof thousands families all over the country—io whom the meat Even the hides of these animal were saved. +
of thie protection -and development of | was distributed.
less than one-half of what it was in the first six months of 1928 when Canadian imports were larger, but still were only ‘a trickle compared to domestic production. I believe it is better to prosper with small imports from Canada than it is to sink into depression and stay there’ no imports at all. Is: Our cattle programs were carried ‘out in co-operation with the stockmien themselves. And now also in
I call that work program and |
cattle buying. program an invest-
ment to preserve America — the whole of American national life—do | -
you call it waste?
Much talk is heard about imports |
hurting the cattle induscry. The
truth is that cattle imports have always been small, and siways will be small as long as we have good range in the West and maintain our
soil fertility in the corn belt. Cat- |
tle imports were largest when prices were best, 4s in 1929; Cattle im-
ports were smallest when prices! were lowest, as in ‘early 1933. The | income to. cattle men in the first
six months of 1936, when Canadian imports were less than 500 head, was
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through which they run. Way back in the summer of 1934, dedicating the Fort Peck Dam in Montana, I said: “People talk about the Fort Peck Dam as the fulfillment of a dream. Why, it is only a small portion of a dream. The dream itself covers all the important watersheds of the states jand one of these watersheds is what we call the watershed of the
4 ko
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But the government has contrib-
uted by direct action as well when
e laid the ghost of the old gold
which we have already put under | parity of the dollar, when we pur-
way to realize that dream is but a forerunner of what we hope to do
_sovcces of this Western country,
the development of which we undertook as an important and necessary part of the rounded objective,” © ST Take beet sugar for an example. 1 do not have to recite. the record
| of steadily declining income ‘of that
industry before March, 1933. - World production of sugar, had expanded at such a rate that there was more sugar than the world could possibly consume. What we tried to do, and what we succeeded in doing, was to adjust the supply of sugar so that a farmer who raises it gets a more adequate return, and you, the raisers of sugar beets, I congratulate on a substantial reduction in the employment of hired children in the fields. In this word of thanks I
NDIAN
gold and ‘purchased silver too, you in the mountains felt the old thrill of the search for precious metal. Old developments again becanie profitable. New developments sprang up, mining became again an industry where men could find The t bullion reserves now in the United States Treasury are sufficient to redeem every dollar of our currency far more than one hundred per cent and. yet people for partisan purposes are willing to spread the gospel of fear that our currency is not on a sound foundation. I tell you, and you know, that our monetary system is the soundest in the world today. I tell you, and you will agree, that we are around the corner, private employment is picking up. That means that government expenditures for work for the unemployed are coming down. That
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isting taxes, without new faxes is going up. I repeat to you that I said in Pittsburgh a week and a half ago, that decrease in expenditures ‘and increase in income means within a year or two a balanced budget and
the beginning of reduction in the national debt. When Republican leaders speak out here they proclaim the sympathyiwith all these Western projects-:and promise you more and more of them. When they speak to audiences in the East they proclaim that they ‘are going to cut government expenditures to the bone. There was an old Roman god named Janus. He faced both ways. He had two mouths, I need not explain that parable any further. Are you willing to turn. America over to those who in past years shut their eyes to the problems of this nation? This Administration has shown the way because -it had the will to do. ‘We have sought and found practical answers to the problems of indystry, agriculture and mining. We have clung to no outworn method as an excuse for failure to act. We have had faith not in panaceas, but in the courage and resourcefulness of men and women to meet their problems themselves if given
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spirit that made Columbus surge on—by the same spirit that made the ancestors of you who dwell in these mountains and on these plains win through the untrailed wilderness across turbulent rivers and unknown plains and deserts, over unscaled heights, to claim, develop and hold a new and great em pire for America. We have shown our determination in the past by action. You can trust us to prove that determination in the future by more action, sound action, action that is saving and will continue to save the Constitution of a representative form of government in which we rejoice.
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