Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 15 August 1936 — Page 6

Washington in the past few months . may have been surprised when I have told them that personally and because of my own daily contacts with all manner of ‘difficult situations IT am more concerned and less cheerful about international world conditions than about our immedi- ~ ate domestic prospects.

- HOPES FOR PEACE

I say this to you not as a confirmed pessimist, but as one who still hopes that envy, hatred and malice among nations have reached their peak and will be succeeded by 8 new. tide of peace and good will ~1 say this as one who has participated in many of the decisions cf peace and war before, during and ‘after the World War; one who has traveled much .and one who has spent a goodly portion of every 24 hours in the study of foreign rela-

_ tions,

Long before I returned to Washington as President of the United States, I had made up my mind that, pending what might be called a more opportune moment on other continents, the United States could best serve the cause of a peaceful humanity by setting an example. That was why on the fourth of March, 1933, I made the following declaration: “In the field of world policy I would dedicate this nation to the policy of the good neighbor —the neighbor who resolutely respects himself and because he does 80, respects the rights of others— the neighbor who respects his obligations and respects the sanctity of his agreements in and with a world of neighbors.” This declaration represents’ my purpose; ‘but it-represents more than a purpose, for it stands for a practice. To a measurable degree it has succeeded; the whole world now knows that the United States cherishes no predatory ambitions. We are strong, but less powerful nations know that they need not fear our strength. We seek no songlesy: we stand for peace.

PRODUCED RESULTS

In the whole of the Western Hemsphere our good neighbor policy has produced results that are espe-

cially heartenin The ngbles RE to peace and to neighborly economic and so-

cial friendship in all the world is not a monument in bronze or stone, but the boundary which unites the

intervention.

WITHDREW MARINES

We have negotiated a Pan-Amer-ican convention embodying the principle of non-intervention. We have abandoned the Plat{ Amendment which gave us the right to intervene in the internal affairs of the Republic of Cuba.” We have

withdrawn American Marines from Haiti. We have signed a new treaty which places our relations with Panama on a mutually satisfactory basis. We have undertaken a series of trade agreements with other American countries to our mutual commercial profit. At the request of two ‘neighboring republics, I hope to give assistance in the final settlement of the last serious boundary dispute between any of the American nations. Throughout the Americas the

spirit of the good neighbor is a

practical and living fact. The 21 American republics are not only living together in friendship and in peace, they are united in the determination so to remain. To give substance to this determination a conference will meet Dec. 1, 1936, at the capital of our great Southern neighbor, Argentina, and it is, I know, the hope of all chiefs of state of the Americas that this will result in measures which will banish wars forever from this vast portion of the earth. Peace, like charity, begins at home; that is why we have begun at home.: But peace in the .western world is not all that we seek.

OFFER AN EXAMPLE

It is our hope that knowledge of the practical application of the good neighbor poliey in: this hemisphere will be borne home to our neighbors across the seas. : For ourselves we are on. good terms with them—terms in most cases of straight-forward friendship, of peaceful understanding.

But, of necessity,” we are deeply |

concerned about tendencies of recent years among many of the na-

spirit of agreements are a party is nobdiv It is rience for the whole company of nations to witness not only the spirit but the letter of international agreements violated with impunity

upto.

an even. more bitter expé|’

naval limitations, and when it be‘came evident that no general treaty

could be signed because of the ob-|

France a conditional treaty. of qualitative limitation which, mueh to my

regret, . already shows signs of n- | a :

effectiveness. We . shun political cominitments which might entangle us in" foreign

wars; we avoid connection’ with the

Thus we are a part of the world effort to control traffic in narcotics, to improve international health, to help child welfare, to ' eliminate double taxation and to better work-

ing’ conditions and laboring hours

throughout the world.

We are not isolationists except in-|

sofar as ‘week to isolate ourselves completely from war. Yet we must remember that so long as war exists on earth there will be some danger that even the nation which most ardently desires peace may be drawn into war. I have seen war: I have seen war on land and sea. I ‘have seen blood running from the:wounded. I have seen men coughing’ out their gassed lungs. I have seen the dead in the mud. I have seen cities destroyed. I have seen two® hundred limping exhausted men come out of line— the survivors of a regiment of one thousand that went forward 48

hours. before. I have seen children starving. I have seen the agony cf,

mothers and wives. I hate war.

PLAN AGAINST WAR

I have passed unnumbered: hours, I ‘shall pass’ unnumbered hours,

thinking and planning how war may be kept from: this nation. I wish I could keep war from-:all nations; but that is beyond my power. 1 ¢an at least make certain that no act. of the United States helps to produce or to-pro-mote: war. I can at. least make clear that the conscience of America revolts against war and: that any nation which provokes war forfeits the sympathy of the people of the United States.

are ancient hatreds, turbulent fron-

tions of other continents. It is a| bitter experience to us- when the} Which. we |.

Many causes produce war. There

can fields and American factories, but are also pointing the way to the elimination of . embargoes, quotas ‘and other devices which place such pressure on nations: not possessing - great natural resources | that to them the price of peace seems more terrible than the price of war. We do not maintain that a more liberal international trade will stop war, but we fear that without a more liberal international trade war is a natural sequence. The Congress of the United States has given me certain authority to provide safeguards of American neutrality in case of war. or The President of the United

is vested with ‘primary. authority tions, thus has been given new

our neutrality. Nevertheless—and 1 speak from a lang experience — the effective maintenance of American neutrality depends today, as in the past, on the wisdom and determination of whoever at -the moment occupy the offices of President and secre-

| tary of state.

REDUCE WAR PROFITS.

and the measures passed -by Congress would in the event, of &

- ‘OF INDIANAPOLIS {Originated 1894)

TIT 7777 >>}

outlets for the products of Ameri-

States: who under our constitution, | to conduct. our international rela- |

weapons. with which to ‘maintain

Ct is clear that our present policy ‘the

They would tell you—and, -unfor-

8 in tunately, thelr views would get wide

if they

homes: and factories and pay our

-| debts. - They would tell you that

:America, once more would ‘capture the Yrade of the world.

maRD So Xeon

It would be hard to resist that clamor; it would be hard for many Americans, I fear, to look beyond— to realize the inevitable penalties; the inevitable day ,of reckoning that comes from a false prosperity. | To resist the clamor of that greed, if war should come, would require

the unserving support of all’ Americans who love peace.

If we face the choice of profits or

peace, the nation will answer— ‘must answer—“we choose peace.”

It is the duty of all of us to encour- |.

age such a body of public opinion in this country that the answer will

| which is so easy after the event and

|1t possible to trace the tragic series of small decisions which led Europe|

~ COURAGE TO SAY N©'

At this late date; with the wisdom

50. difficult before the event, we find

into the Great War in 1914 and

eventually engulfed us and many other na We can Keep out of war if those who watch and decide have a sufficiently detailed understanding of international affairs to make ‘certain that the small decisions of each day donot lead toward war and if, at the same’ time, they possess the courage to say “No” to those who selfishly or unwisely would let 80 to war. . Of all the nations of ‘the world today we are in many ways most singularly blessed. Our closest neighbors are good neighbors. If there are remoter nations that wish us not good ‘but ill,"they know that we are strong; they know that we can ‘and will defend ourselves. and defend our neighborhood. We seek to dominate no other nation, we’ ask no territorial expansion. We oppose Imperialism,

of funds.’

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Times Special

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