Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 10 July 1936 — Page 9

CHANGING bol? , SULLIVAN ASKS

Writer Considers Emphasis Placed on Co-Operative Organization. BY MARK SULLIVA WASHINGTON, July 10.—Tho

whose job is to interpret events at

Washington have been watchfully curious for about three eka, There

in a decidedly important way. The

‘signs consist mainly of apparent)

emphasis on co-operation, in the sense of a co-operative organization of society. The signs are convincing enough to cause some observers to surmise,

tentatively and wonderingly, that |g

an America made over on a pattern of co-operative organization of in-

dustry is the New Deal ohjective— | @ that is, the new New Deal objective. |

The signs of a changed objective

" consist mainly of utterances and

actions of the President. During June he said informally that he had

been impressed by some things he ¢

had heard and read about co-opera-

tion as practiced in some European ] countries. At the same time he sent | §

two young New Dealers to study cooperatives in England and the Scandinavian countries, quently, in his acceptance speech,

he had a tone and atmosphere |X which suggested a new formula and | §

new objectives for the New Deal. Word From Wallace

To these intimations coming ‘

from Mr. Roosevelt are added one coming from Secretary of Agriculture Wallace. Mr. Wallace, in a new book just out, dealing with America’s problem as Mr, Wallace sees it, says:

tive ideal to the limit.”

All these might be mere casual}

observations. They might be “trial

balloons.” . They might be just an-|X _other “white rabbit.” The disposi- |¢ tion of observers to see them as a |X serious change of objective on the |

part of the New Deal may arise

from the realization, felt by many, | X

that the New Deal has need of a new program, because insistence on

the old one might imperil the elec- 4

tion. So far, the plan for what Mr.

Roosevelt has called the “new eco- ;

nomic order” in America has been the one expressed in NRA and AAA

as well as in others of the New Deal )

innovations. Importance May Be Great If, now, the new emphasis on cooperation means anything, it means much.

was implicit in NRA and AAA. Both

those mechanisms moved toward 0

monopoly and rigidity. Both conferred substantial those already engaged in an indus-

try and discouraged or made out- |X rightly impossible the entry of new | “gs

competitors. Under some NRA es it was illegal for anyone to start a new enterprise without first getting the consent of the code authority, which in many cases was made up mainly of persons already in that line of business, who naturally did not welcome new competitors. Under AAA no farmer could raise cotton, potatoes or tobacco unless he was already established as a raiser of those crops. : All this was the opposite of such voluntary cd-operation as America has: known. Persons engaged in the considerable number of cooperative enterprises already existing in America, felt that NRA and AAA dealt harshly with them and tended to make their existence difficult and their growth practically impossible. Before we can understand the new suggestion, it will be necessary to know just what kind of co-op-erative organization of society Mr. Roosevelt and Mr. Wallace mean. Is it to be co-operation in the form in which America is already familiar with it? That is, voluntary organization embracing as many persons as care to join? Or is it to be co-operation, so-called, in what is really a form of government monopoly—co-operatives to be organized by the government, with everybody required to join and competition by private individuals made illegal? Strange Formula for Ametioa The latter, as the formula for a new society, would be as strange to America, as repugnant to American

principles and traditions, as NRA |¢

was.

doned NRA and AAA, the fact has high importance. Until very recently, he seemed committed to this

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Co-operation, as America | understands the term, would be the | ¢ reverse of the form of society which | X

monopoly on d

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