Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 4 July 1936 — Page 10

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THE SYMBOL IN THE BELL,

We can think of nothing more fitting for the Fourth of ih 1636—all present issues considered—than the following, written by Raymond lapper after a visit to Independence Hall: ° “How like the history of our national experiment in liberty is the story of the Liberty Bell. It is a /perfect symbol of the struggle through which this ‘new concept of the American people has survived. | “The Liberty Bell is small, not more than three {feet high. It was cast in London, ordered for the new Pennsylvania Statehouse in 1752, a quarter of a century before the Declaration of Independence. As if with prophetic insight, the order for the bell specified that it should bear the biblical inscription: “Proclaim liberty throughout all the land unto the linhabitants thereof.’ “Upon its arrival from England, the bell was hung lin the Statehouse yard. It cracked upon the first ringing. Then it was melted down and recast, with ‘the addition of more copper to make it less brittle. Anything, be it bell or Constitution, is apt to crack it its structure is too rigid. In this world, as in the : construction of a giant ocean liner or a bridge, there - must be provision for flexibility, for expansion and lcontraction, so that the structure does not break under daily stresses. Still the bell was not satisfagtory and it was melted down and recast for a third time. | “Then for many years it served very well. In 1776 it was rung on July 8—not July 4—to proclaim the adoption of the Declaration of Independence. 1 did not crack then. For exactly 59 years, to the day, it continued to peal out its reminder of Amer{can liberty in the quiet of Independence Square. But on July 8, 1835, when the body of Chief Justice John Marshall, who had died two days before was ~ being removed to Virginia for burial, the Liberty Bell was tolled. It cracked beyond repair. “Metallurgists say that this fatal crack had been pe in the making. Molecular crystallizations were aking place inside the bell, unobserved to the naked | eye, as under interpretations of John Marshall crystalizations were occurring in the Constitution which were to have fateful consequences in, the years to come. ’ | «Finally, these flaws caused the open crack in the bell. "| “So, today your mind wanders back to that small bell, the totem of our liberty—and you wonder what t is trying to tell us in this Year of Our Lord, 1936, ys of the Independence of the United States the ne Hundred sistioth, »

BACK TO WARFARE? T= United States Supreme Court in its Guffey

Coal and New York! Minithum Wage opinions

as said in effect that neither Federal nor state govrnments may regulate the hours and wages of inustrial workers. There is left-in the law, therefore, only one in-

trument for working men seeking to improve their-

conditions. This is collective bargaining, bulwarked in the Wagner-Connery Act that defines fair and infair practices affecting commerce and sets up the ational Labor Relations Board to adjudicate disutes arising in the process of bargaining. Now the Sixth United States Circuit Court of ppeals in Cincinnati has ruled that this board has o power over such relations in the auto industry, since the making of autos is an intrastate operation. | Previously the Fifth United States Circuit Court of Appeals had said from New Orleans that the board had no power in steel factories, shortly following which decision the powerful Iron and Steel Institute told labor organizers. that it would fight their efforts to unionize steel plants. : | With the lower courts seeking to narrow the government's sphere so as to exclude it from the big auto and steel factories, and with the “economic royalists” of the steel empire challenging the workers’ right to unionize peacefully, the question arises: What will the Supreme Court do? If it locks the third and only remaining door, it will put the workers right back where they started from, with the strike as their only weapon against a return to a servile status. Before Congress enacted the Wagner-Connery hv American workers had created through years of strife certain effective unions. Into the building of : those unions went fear, class hate, social disorder, all of which was paid for by employers, workers and ~ the plublic in treasure and in blood. Must the workers be turned back to that by | the Federal courts?

LABORER AND HIS HIRE THEN the rights of labor are mentioned, most persons think of those who toil in mills and mines and transportation; the organized groups, and others in similar lines. There has been news lately to remind readers that the labor problem is not all for the cities, the mill towns or the mining camps. An Arkansas paper, the Earle Enterprise, condones, if it does not point with pride, to the fact that flogging has curbed disso nce among sharecroppers and forced fleldto toil long hours for 75 cents a day, instead of the princely $1.50 wage they had demanded. At Hammonton, N. J., those on relief have been told to pick berries at a rate of pay so low that an dverage tofler San earn bul 50 or 75 cents in 11 hours of strenuous toil. : : No reasonable person preiends that 95. cmnts a day can be counted a living wage, if gauged by any wholesome standard. Yet any investigator will learn ‘that these examples taken from the news of the

working days slavishly. long. Farm labor has

Mail subscription

ARATIONS for establishment of merit sys-

tems in the Indiana Public Welfare Department and the Unemployment Compensation Insurance Department indicate that those working on the program mean business. There: are: ehough Toophioles in" thie. new’ slate social security legislation to permiit spoils politics to dominate, ‘ Some of those in authority ‘have not been looking for loopholes. They have been looking for sound methods of public personnel management. And they are finding these methods. Preliminary studies have been made by capable committees. Other expert outside counsel has been enlisted. Now the United States Social Security Board is to lend a hand. Mrs. Mary Hutchinson, liaison officer between the national board and the Department of Labor, is to be sent here later to consult on the program. This is an excellent beginning. ss 5 =» : : some state departments the methods of selecting personnel have been improved. In too many others the costly patronage system rules. State platform pledges by both major parties for a strong state merit system is frank recognition of its need.

The merit plan for these two departments should be drafted with a view to having it fit into an administrative personnel system for all departments. Legislators already are being canvassed on this broader proposal by the Indiana League of Women Voters. The 1937 General Assembly will be asked to write it into law.

Indiana can make a name for itself by thus introducing sound methods of efficient public personnel into its state government.

JULY 4TH MOVIES NE of the more sensible things being done to promote a sane celebration of Independence Day is the moving picture party put on for youngsters by Indiana Indorsers of Photoplays. As a result, about 2000 children are spending part of their time today watching Shirley Temple in “The Little Colonel.” This kind of- Fourth-of-July party has been an annual event for 15 years. Its success has been such that a permanent organization was formed this week to assure its continuance.

.. PRACTICAL CHURCH WORK

HE decision of the Morman Church to resume the responsibility of caring for its own needy strikes a new note in the national relief discord. The working out of its plans wilk be watched with interest.

Few other churches are as well equipped as the Mormons to remove destitute members from govern-ment-supported relief rélls and provide for them through tithes and co-operative enterprise. The Mormons are a disciplined group. They have a background of wide experience in successful management of the church’s extensive properties and

- businesses—an experience which will serve them well

in directing the co-operative farms and factories and community warehouses through which they plan that impoverished members shall earn a livelihood, aided only by the tithes of more fortunate members.

In some ways the Mormon plan is similar to the:

Upton Sinclair EPIC plan which the voters of California turned down, and similar to the Ohio FERA plan which the government abandoned when it found that in the production and exchange of relief workers’ goods it was creating an economic system within ‘and to some’ extent competitive with our larger economic system. = ' If the Mormon Church succeeds in taking care of the 80,000 members now on local direct-relief and Federal work-relief rolls, it may point a way for other private endeavors toward solution of this great national problem. But it is hardly a pattern which government itself will want to apply in a large-scale program for the whole 20,000,000 now dependent on government jobs and doles—at least not until every possible effort has been made to'reabsorb these mil-

- lions into ‘our one economic system.

CHILDREN OUTDO ADULTS

Ty RermIo accidents are no respecters of age. Yet since 1922, when the national child safety education movement began, children of the elementary school age—from 5 to 14 years—have led the way in traffic safety.

Schoo! Superintendent Paul C. Stetson reports no fatal accidents occurred where patrolmen were on duty during the 1935-36 school year. The accident rate for Indianapolis school children was 2% per cent lower than for the nation as a whole, he says. The nation’s child death rate from traffic last year was 11 for each 100,000 population; for all ages it ‘was 29.

If everybody had been as careful as the children, we would have had 14,000 traffic deaths last year instead of nearly 37,000.

(A WOMAN’S VIEWPOINT By Mrs. Walter Ferguson ore is the Fourth of July. And the Fourth, especially in campaign years, sees us in a fever of patriotism. We palpitate with love of country during presidential races. | And to listen in on political conventions is a

liberal education in One Hundred Per Cent Americanism. ' The fellow who didn’t know us very well

might think we went a bit heavy on the self-praise,

for according to the speechmakers the Party can do no wrong. It may be that the committeemen discuss in private the mistakes of leaders and the shortcomings of platforms, but you'd never guess it from their spokesmen out front who almost burst their buttons while they recite the virtues of themselves and their side. Such chest thumpings! Such floods of compliments! Such absurd vainglory! Instead of adult men and women who are come together for formulating plans for good government, we have such posturings as would do credit to a race

of Zionchecks. No restraint, no serious appraisal, no. |

humility for past mistakes.

We accept this sort of thitig during campaisns

because we have always accepted.it, without analyz‘ing its stupidity. And for exactly the same reason we accept the acclaim about our country’s perfections on each Fourth of July, although it goes against every natural instinct, every grain of common scnse, humor and racial tradition.

Self-praise is not only bad taste in the individual, ‘but a sign of decadence. The man who is satisfied with himself never grows. Complete self-approval ‘ ‘means the cessation of progress, and neither political | parties nor countries can practice the bad habit with.

1 be grand if. we dedicated one Fourth

Our Town

By ANTON SCHERRER

HE deep hole at the corner of Washington and Meridian-sts —the start of Wasson's new store— once was the site of John Freeman's

- | restaurant. That was. back in the fifties, when the COFner Was Known

as the Bee Hive Building. Mr. Freeman was a thrifty, hard. working Negro who came to Ine dianapolis in 1844. Nobody knew much about i antcednts or bis background and nobody cared because Mr. Freeman was a gentleman al] the time he was in Indianapolis. - He had married here and had four children. He had other property, too, the most important being four acres lying between Meridian and Pennsylvania-sts, south of the present SS. Peter and Paul Cathedral, Here he lived in a cabin, part log, part frame, on the southwest corner of tfle tract, just about where Losey Motors does business on Meridian-st today. On this tract he “made garden” when he wasn’t watching his business in the basement of the Bee Hive. On June 20, 1853, Mr. Presman was arrested. The news was enough to turn the town upside down. 2 8,8 N that day, Pleasant Ellington, a Kentuckian, but then living

apolis and charged Mr. Freeman with being a fugitive slave, He said that the Negro had run away 17 years before. Mr. Freeman was clapped into jail and had to stay there 60 days before the case came to trial. In the meantime, John L. Ketcham, Lucien Barbour and John Coburn were retained to defend Mr. Freeman. Given 60 days to dig up what they could about Mr. Freeman’s past, they discovered that the accused man told the truth when he said he had lived in Monroe, Ga., from 1831 to 1844, the year of his coming to Indianapolis. They also learned that Mr®Freeman never had been a slave, which was more fo the point, : On the other hand, there was no question but that Mr. Ellington had lost a slave named Sam at that time. Sam, it appears, had fled to Canada. upon passage, of the fugitive slave law and had. passed himself off as Mr. McConnell, Attorney Coburn discovered when he went sleuthing in Canada.

in every way he could and even showed him his scars. Sam had a very large burn on the outside of his left leg below the knee going down over the ankle. He also had scars in the back over the shoulders, a mark on his left wrist and another on the left elbow. Moreover, he had peculiarly small ears and large feet. All of which was of considerable interest to the defense because, according to Mr. Ellington's story, that was exactly the way John

escape. ” ”

T= upshot of the matter was that Mr. Freeman was acquitted. But he was sore. Sore enough, in fact, that he started a suit against Mr. Ellington for $10,000 damages. He followed with a suit for $3000 against the United States marshal who arrested him. The case was tried and resulted in a verdict for Mr. Freeman for $2000 and costs, He didn't collect a cent and, as far as anybody knows, the judgment still stands on the Circuit Court dockets as unpaid. After that, Mr. Freeman stuck around Indianapolis until the battle of Bull Run. When he heard what had happened he expressed some apprehension that the North might be conquered. Indeed, he went even further and predicted that in that event all Negroes would be pus back intd slavery. Mr. Freeman sold what property he had, packed his effects in a wagon and went to Canada to make sure of freedom.

Ask The Times

Inclose a 3-cent stamp for reply when addressing any question of fact or information to The Indianapolis Times Washington Service Bgreau, 1013 13th-

medical advice can not be given, ner can extended research be undertaken.

Q—Who wrote the popular song, “Home on the Range”? ' .

in 1930.” Q—Is thé name Arkansas pronounced the same for the river and the state? A A—The state name is pronounced “ar’-kan-saw”; the name of the river is pronounced “ar-kan’-sas.” Q—Which Dated ‘States govern-

in Missouri, showed up in Indian-

Sam accommodated Mr. Coburn

told us he was a

Freeman looked when he made his|

st, N. W.. Washington, D.- C. Legal and |

A—David Guyon. It was pub-| lished in his “Texas ‘Cowboy Songs” |

Indiana

BY ERNIE PYLE

EDITOR'S NOTE~This roving reporter for The Times goes where he Santas: when he pleases, in search of odd stories about this snd that. :

ASHINGTON, July 4. — We were sitting on the quarters deck. The yacht was anchored in the middle of Washington Channel, a heck of the Potomac. | Over to the right was Potomac River. Qn the other side was the Army War College. You over your shoulder and see the Washington Monument. “The Dooleys. sure live in a nice part of town, don’t they?” said my friend. | 2 Yep, they sure do. ‘One of the very nicest residential sections in

‘| the city. Always a breeze, and not

The Hoosier Forum

1 disapprove of what you say—and will defend. to the death your right to say it.—Voltaire.

(Times readers are invited to express their views in these columns, religious controversies excluded. Make vour letters short, so all can have a chance. Limit them to 250 words or less. Your letier must be signed, but names will be

= withheld on reauest.)

2 2 8 “DISLIKES” PEGLER

AND SULLIVAN By Pat Hogan, East Columbus

Just why an otherwise perfect newspaper like The Indianapolis Tirhes should blot its pages and insult the intelligence of its readers with the cynicism and idle drivel of Westbrook Pegler and Mark Sullivan is beyond my comprehension. Pegler broke into print about a year ago in. his fatuous attempt to kid the “hay-shaker.” He has since tried to be funny and kid the President, Mrs. Roosevelt, Congress, Mr. Farley, the Republican show at Cleveland—any one or anything in the public focus, but in reality he is ‘kidding no one but himself. , ‘When he went to Europe during the Italy-Ethiopian squabble, you “noted feature writer, humorist, sports writer” and would get -behind the scenes and

Your Health

BY DR. MORRIS FISHBEIN FACTOR of greatest importance in the proper development of the baby’s teeth is the food which the child eats. Research workers have emphasized the importance of an adequate supply of minerals, such as calcium of phosphorus, and particularly of vitamins A, C and D, for the proper development of sound teeth. Such essentials are included in a diet which provides plenty of milk daily or its equivalent in butter or cheese, eggs, leafy green vegetables, and fresh fruit. For growing babies this: is supplemented, of course, by oq, liver cil. Many doctors and dentists feel that coarse foods strengthen the jaws and help to harden the gums. When a new tooth is coming in, the coarse foods serve as a resistance against which the gums may work, to permit the teeth to cut their way

‘through,

Among the substances in the diet most likely to be deficient, calcium is most prominent. Phosphorus is found with a fair amount of abundance in the tissue of meat and eggs. Milk is the best source of calcium, as are also milk products, such as cheese. It is necessary, however, to have both vitamins A and D in sufficient amount, to make certain that the body will suitably utilize the calcium and phosphorus for purposes of growth. The appearance and the development of the teeth may be

properly. ”

F the vitamins that are necessary, vitamin A, as has already

been mentioned, is found most

cod liver oil, and in liver oil preparations which are reinforced with Vitamin D. Vitamin C is f plentifully in

orange and to

i

2 aifigt

used as an indicator of the extent | to which the child Is being fed |

juice, as well as 1

Hist i

+

ith

RB

tell us all about European affairs. He wrote back that the ex-King of Spain relished stewed goat and second-grade wine, that Baron Allinski had Dunkard whiskars, that Duke Dolittle had a camel's hair mustache. He is by nature an incurable cynic, and the greatest misfit in all the world of journalism. ‘The Mark Sullivan philosophy is even worse in that it smacks of the doctrine of fatalism and the holier than thou Republican ideals. With able, intelligent writers like Dr. Harry Elmer Barnes, Gen. Hugh S. Johnson and Rodney Dutcher available there is no excuse to endure the cataleptic nightmares of Pegler and Sullivan. ; 88 8 DENOUNCES ‘ISMS’

AS IMPRACTICAL By David Horn -- The average person feels that-he is a ‘little better than “the other fellow.” It is no wonder, therefore, that he will support any kind of an “ism” which caters to his. pride, vanity, jealousy or what net. A ' hypochondriac, for instance, harbors the hallucination that he is afflicted, say, with appendicitis. A “doctor” comes along and “cures” him of it by prescribing him a dose of water, salt and pepper. Why should he not pay at least $100 for the “treatment’—especially when it did not even involve a surgical operation? Now, while I admit that the avers

‘age person is no more a hypochon-

driac than myself when he complains, today, of poverty and destitution, yet he surely is laboring under various illusions when he falls for such bunk as communism, socialism,’ technocracy, Townsendism, Coughlinism, religious fanaticisms and what not. ‘Each of them has nothing but negative attributes and malignant sentiments for its foundation. Each of them denounces what it, | does not want, but it does not tell] us specifically and distinctly what the heck it does want, and ‘it does

not convince us that it has any |

feasible means of attaining ts alleged goal.

” ” SAYS TOWNSEND PLAN NATION’S ONLY HOPE < By John W. Neuman, Field Marshal for the Pioneers of America, 2711 Ivanhoeav, St. Louis, Mo. We the people have a new hope to rid ourselves of the Federal government set-up in Washington, C., which has ignored our United

States Constitution and Bill of Rights. Our Townsend legions are determined to restore our perfect

the years of 1776 and 1789. Let it hereby be made known that in order to end war, this nation must enforce the laws of our 13 colonial United States of America. The laws are expressed and embodied in our preamble to the United States Constitution. Today we face the same condition of taxation without representation as we did prior to 1776 and 1789. Exploiting was refused to King George and company by the American People’in the years of 1776 and 1789. ‘The United States laws protected our right of life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness as a frée nation, and machine dge progress demands’ living requirements for all

abundant. It was ‘wrong in 1776 and 1789 and its wrong today and forever. Old-age humans must have living security. The best living standards pay in order to have living security. The Townsend plan is our only hope for living human progress.

BLUE DELPHINIUM

BY F. F. MACDONALD

Blue delphinium holds for me A charming secret—quite all its own; Its message is love and joy-to-be— Sweet serenity when calm has flown.

Other flowers, bright-hued, abound In gay profusion the season through; = But I would barter all blooms I've found— For a slender stalk of matchless blue.

Bring delphinium, Lofe, to me— Fashioned from bi of the heavens’ blue, With Ree my eyes alone can

of abiding love, steadfast and tru :

DAILY THOUGHT

And it came to pass when the minstrel played, that the hand of the Lord came ‘upon him.—II Kings iii, 15.

ORD, what music hast Thou provided for Thy saints in Heaven, when Thou affordest bad

D.| men such music on eanipl—1smak

Walton.

SIDE GLANCES

By George Clark

United States on the foundation laid

humans on earth to have life more.

overcrowded, and very little Water for a front yard and other

boats for neighbors. & Mr. and Mrs. Paul’ Dooley this yacht. They call her the Clari- . They live on it all just like you would live in a ho They both have jobs uptown, and come home every night. | This all sounds very nice, but Paul Dooley is really in a mess. He's right between the irresistible force and the immovable object, with the devil and the deep blue sea thrown in. He owns this yacht, lives on it, has her all ready to put to sea, and is just busting to go. But— He can’t go unless he quits i and he if he quits his fon’ 3s afford to go. » ” F PA DOOLEY is an Oklahoman, He finished at the University of Oklahoma three years ago. He had worked on freighters across the Atlantic. He had sailed small boats along the Texas gulf coast, He loved: the water, and boats. So when he came to Washington two and a half years ago, he decided to buy a boat. He just stumbled. onto this thing, It's 75 feet long, and beautifully finished inside, and cost $54,000 to build. What do you sup=pose he gave for it? $3500! The fellow who owned it went broke, and Dooley got it for dock storage charges. Dooley works in the metallurgical laboratory . the Washington Navy Yards. His wife works in the Housing Administration. They live winter and summer on this yacht. The yacht will sleep eight people besiues the crew, and has two beati~ tiful living rooms just like an apartment, and two bathrooms, and a big dining room, and electric refrigerator and gas stove and elec= tric lights and everything. It even has a coal furnace, to keep it warm in winter. The Dooleys have a young fel low who stays on the boat all the time. He takes.them over to shore every morning, and meets them in the evening when they come from work. They have a big time on weekghas just sitting on the shaded ec

# nn =n

I= costs them about the same, Dooley says, yacht at anchor as it would to rent a small house. The farthest away they've ever been in it was down to Chesapeake Bay, about a hundred miles. They've only had-it out once this summer. Dooley not only wants to go places on his yacht; he even has an icing on his wishes in the form of buried treasure maps. Mrs. Dooley is raring to go, too. Paul Dooley has a possible trip figured : two. ways. him and his wife and one handy man to go. They could do that for $125 a month, but that would mean that all three would have to work all the time, The other way is for two couples to go, and hire a crew of three. Tha would cost around $500 a month. The only hitch to that is: Where to find the couple with $500 a month, -

Today’s Science

BY SCIENCE SERVICE

NAXIMANDER was a Greek geographer, the first to. draw a map of the known world. His purpose was to show the relations of the parts, to see what the thing looked . like when put together. ° The same sort of thing, applied to knowledge in general, and to the ore der of life w gether out oF the seemingly separe ate parts of knowledge, might well be called “Anaximandering” Bug

gests a present-day geographer,

President Isaiah Bowman of the Johns Hopkins University, in the title-chapter of a new book of es= say-addresses on education, A De sign for Scholarship (Johns Hopkins Press). “It is the opposite of mean~ dering, that hither-and-yon-ness that is the natural law of streams rather than of men.” Design—a definite idea of the goal and of how to get there—is funda-

fatal, whether through mental

learning and the application of son to human affairs. If you wish ¢

to maintain the

One is for just

ich may be put toe |

{

mental of education, as its lack hi 4