Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 18 June 1936 — Page 3
\ SIL EPS ~~ INOLD WORLD
Scores to Study Spectacle Tomorrow; Not Visible -in This Country.
(Continued from Page One)
of Tripoli in North Africa will see & sun rise totally eclipsed. In Asia Minor the sun will be eclipsed shortly after sunrise. * The eclipse ends in the Pacific Ocean far west of Japan at sunset. The greatest totality will be at the northern end of Lake Baikal at 12:30 p. m. in a path 82 miles wide. Totality will be 2 minutes 312 seconds. 2 An eclipse is caused when the moon, 2160 miles in diameter and 231,400 miles away from the earth, ‘hides the sun, 865,000 miles in diameter and 94,500,000 miles from earth. The next total solar eclipse will occur June 8, 1937, in the south Pacific Ocean but lack of islands in the path of totality probably will prevent adequate astronomical observations. The last eclipse visible in the United States was on Aug. 31, 1938, and this country is not due to witness another until July 20, 1963. First to observe tomorrow's eclipse should be Prof. Horn d’Arturo, who hopes to secure corona photographs in Greece just after sunrise. Tourists on a Mediterranean cruise ship off the Greek coast may make snapshots. Last to observe it will be a Cambridge (England) Observatory party under Prof. F. J. H. Stratton at Kamishari in Hokkaido, Japan's northern island. The duration of the eclipse, from sunrise to sunset, taking a wholeearth, local time view, embraces more than two hours, or the time necessary for the shadow to travel nearly half way around the earth, but only little more than two minutes at any one spot.
Hope for Clear Skies
Due to the time differences the eclipse will start this evening as far as the United States is concerned. Clouds are the great fear of eclipse observers, who spend months of time and hundreds of dollars in hope of seeing a few seconds of darkened sun. The chances are considered to be about 50-50 for clear weather at the principal observing stations. Photographing the corona, outer layer of the sun, so faintly luminous that it can be seen only during total eclipse, will be one of the chief obJectives. It extends as far as 12,000,000 miles from the sun. The sun is believed to emit particles or corpuscles as well as light. These travel much slower than light and upon arrival upon the earth affect the earth's electrical conditions, important in transmission of radio ‘waves. The moon interferes with these particles, causing a corpuscular eclipse which occurs at a time and over an area different from the light eclipse. Cloudiness is no handicap to this study.
Covers Wide Area
Over a wide area including eastern Europe and all of Asia except its southern part, the eclipse will be seen in its partial phases only, the moon not completely obscuring the sun. The eclipse will be totally invisible from the Western Hemisphere. At Moscow 25 Soviet and 11 foreign astronomical expeditions are ready to make observations from 16 main and specially prepared observation points in a zone extending from the Caucasus across the southern Urals and Siberia to the shores of the Pacific. : In addition to elaborate installations of telescopes, spectographs. cameras and other astronomical apparatus at ground stations, Soviet airplanes and balloons are being made ready: to rise far above the earth's surface to take photographs of the darkened sun, study the sky luminosity and observe the atmosphere's optical properties.
Radio Waves to Be Studied
Because scientists expect that radio waves as well as light will be affected the reflection of radio waves from the ionized or charged layers of the upper atmosphere, known as the ionosphere, will be studied by several expeditions, among them those of the Harvard's Cruft Laboratory, the U. S. S. R. Academy of Sciences’ Institute of Physics, and the Siberian Physical and Technical Institute. This “radio eclipse” is more widespread than the visible light eclipse and while it will not be spectacular to observe it is likely to give information that
will aid radio transmission techni- |
ques.
popular interest in the eclipse, the People’s Commissariat of Communications has set up telephone lines between Moscow and the most important points from which the eclipse will be observed.
Stationed in Urals At Sara, in the southern Urals’
Czechoslovakia and Italian expedi- | tions as well as those of the So-|| viet's Pulkovo Observatory and Les- |!
gaft Institute will observe. Another Pulkovo Observatory expedition will base at Omsk, Siberia, where also is located a British party unger Prof. J. A. Carroll of Aber Expeditions of the University of Paris, the Moscow Institute of Astronomy and Georgetown University, United States of America. are located at Kustanai,
Checking of the Einstein theory of relativity is on the program of the Moscow Institute
Astronomical : SXpRdition at Kujbyshev, in the Far ||
Leningrad astronomers are at Kalnykovo, near the Urals. Kras- - noyarsk is the location of the party from Tashkent Observatory. The
ch Astronomical Society and En Observatory astronomers
Because of widespread official and
in Orenburg |
Sweeping its shadow finger across all Asia, the total eclipse of the sun occurs tomorrow. At sunup, Algerians will awake to find the sun blotted out. Then swiftly through the hours of daylight the moon’s shadow races across Siberia and the islands north of Japan to “die” in mid-Pacific at sundown. American astronomers have traveled half-way around the world to view the solar spectacle for but little more than two and a half minutes. drawing (above; of necessity not drawn to exact
scale) shows the
pedition; headed
The artist's Mountain range.
relative positions of the sun, moon
and earth which make the eclipse possible. The Harvard-Massachusetts Institute of Technology ex-
by Dr. D. H. Menzel and Dr. J. C.
Boyce, is stationed at Ak-Bulak, just west of the southern limits of the Ural Mountains. The Georgetown University-National Geographic Society expedition, led by Dr. P. A. McNally, S. J., is located at Kustanai, just east of the southern limits of the Ural
VTS
First Lady Points Out Need
{ of the nation to “learn all they can
STRIKERS WAGE
"HARD GUN FIGHT
Fourteen Are Wounded by Fierce Firing at Ohio Plant.
By United Press KENT, O., June 18.—Embattled pickets besieging the Black and Decker Tool Co. plant were ordered
today to “cease firing” after a six-
hour battle in which seven strikers and seven strike-breakers huddled in the factory were shot and gassed. The order was issued by a strikers’ council as Sheriff E. L. Burr attempted to work out a plan for removing the 40 beleaguered strike
breakers from the bullet-battered
plant. : A mob of several hundred armed pickets voted unanimously behind their barricade of earth and iron to permit the sheriff to remove strike breakers from the plant. National Guard observers worked ceaselessly to remove the strike
breakers from the plant before the
force of 3000 strikers and sympathizers was augmented by rubber workers from nearby Arkon. Firing opened early today when two van-loads of strike breakers crashed the picket lines, established May-3 when the company :efused to grant a 10 per cent increase. As strike breakers started for the plant, pickets moved to stop them. A barrage of tear gas, buckshot and gunshot was laid down by the strike breakers. . Seven pickets fell, injured either by the tear gas or shot. Others ran for. their rifles and returned the fire. Before the strike breakers could entrench themselves behind the factory doors, seven of their number had been injured by bullets. Infuriated pickets surrounded the plant on three sides and laid down a continuous fire. - Strike breakers and a few company officials huddled on the cement floor of the factory as bullets whizzed above their heads. Officials appealed to county and state authorities for aid. They said two of the seven injured strike breakers were dying because the striking machinists refused to permit physicians to enter the plant.
each meraber of the expedition will do. A special telephone line links the observing site with Ak-Bulak. American radio engineers are ready to study with special apparatus the effect of the eclipse on. radio waves. The American astronomers have chosen as their chief task the making of spectroscopic photographs of the layers of the sun known as the chromosphere and the corona. Two concave grating spectroscopes with moving plates are the key instruments to be used. Mrs. Menzel and Mrs. Boyce are working members of the party, which totals eight women and 12 men.
Where's
|
—gone fo . os SEVILLE "Why do some people want to drown to keep cool.” says George, “when they can go “at noon or in the eve-
OFFICIAL WEATHER
beme=United States Weather Bureatl em
Sunrise ........ 4:16 | Sunset ........ n:16 June 18, 1935—
29.80 1 p'm. ....2095
Precipitation 24 hrs. ending 7 a. m... Total precipitation since Jan. 1 Deficiency since Jan. 1.... WEATHER IN OTHER CITIES AT 7 A. M. Weather, Bar. Temp. 2986 74
Bismarck, Boston Chicago Cincinnati Cleveland, O.
Beier City. K ge y. Kas ar Helena, Mont. ....... Cloudy Jacksonville, Fla. Kangas City, 0 Little Rock. Ark. [0S Angeles Miami, . Minneapolis Mobile. Ala. New Orleans New York . .........Clou Okla, City, Okla. Omaha, Neb. Cl
: vives nn BU San Antonio, Tex. Cle
FARMERS WARNED OF CATERPILLAR DANGER
Worms Reported Seen in All
_ Sections of State. Times Special LAFAYETTE, Ind. June 18.—Indiana farmers today were warned to start control measures against caterpillars by G. E. Léehker, extension entomologist of Purdue University Agricultural experiment station. Reports have come from all sections of the state that caterpillars
are being found in increasing numbers, Although still: small, the worms must be controlled, Mr. Lehker said, to prevent complete defoliation of trees and plants. A general treatment of spraying with arsenate of lead is suggested
. by Mi. Lehker. He recommends a
solution of two pounds of lead arsenate to 50 gallons of water. If used as a dust, it should be combined in the ratio of one pound with
five pounds of hydrated lime.
CUT IN ROAD COSTS
PER MOTORIST CITED
-|Adams Says Commission | Got $13.58 a Car in 1925.
The average Indiana motorist paid less for maintenance and improvement of the 9000-mile state
02 o highway system in 1935 than he
paid for a system of half that mileage in 1926, James D. Adams, State Highway Commission chairman, said today. In 1926 the commission received from gasoline tax and license fees an average of $14.17 per motor vehicle registered in this state. In 1935 it averaged $13.58 per automobile, he said. Registration of motor vehicles increased nearly 100,000 from 1926 to 1935. ‘ Mr. Adams said reduction of receipts by using part of the funds to replace property tax for roads and streets has curtailed work on highways financed with state funds.
CITIZENS ORGANIZE FOR TROLLEY FIGHT
‘Committee Formed to Protect Routing Over Minnesota-st.
A committee representing property owners along Minnesota-st east to Shelby-st is to make a formal protest to the City Council against the Indianapolis Railways Inc. routing trackless trolleys over the street. ; This, was decided last night at.a meeting in Garfield Park when a permanent organization was formed to fight the proposal. The property owners indicated that court action would be taken if the Council does not heed their protest. William N. Frohliger, 941 E. Min-nesota-st, was elected permanent chairman of the executive committee and Mrs. Carl Eggert was chosen secretary.
Twins Feature O. E. S. Program Pauline and Paul Murphy, 7, twin tap dancers, 1816 Koehne-st, are to feature a program of the Order of Eastern Star tomorrow night at 6:30 at the Masonic Tem-
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Mrs. Roosevelt's own story of her Indianapolis-Lafayette visit is in her daily column, “My Day,” Page 19.
By United Press : LAFAYETTE, Ind. June 18—An inspection tour of Purdue University’s housing research project and an address before the Science and Leadership Institute featured the visit of Mrs. Franklin D. Roosevelt, wife of the President, to the university yesterday. : More than 6000 persons filled the Armory to hear the first lady of the land discuss the problems of housing in America and urge the women
about living conditions and work to make the nation’s housing something of which we may all be proud.” . Mrs. Roosevelt listed these housing problems: 1, The rural slums. Some of them worse than those in large cities. 2. The city slums. ‘3. The citizens who would own their own homes if the price could be brought within their incomes.
Cost Is Problem
“The housing problem is really a problem of costs—of coming to some arrangement whereby good homes may be available to persons of average or small incomes, and it is my opinion that commercial houses cost
too much,” she said. “There is nothing more important than houses—the homes in which children grow up—and there is no problem more important than the possibility of awakening our citizens to the realization that a great many people in America live in homes in which they can not possibly be come fortable or healthy or lead reasonably happy home lives.” “Most of the inmates of our prisons and insane ‘asylums came from homes where the environment was bad, where they never got a chance to develop in a normal way. But we will never ‘get going’ until every one takes an interest in the matter, to the extent that they may get a response from the government,” Mrs. Roosevelt asserted. - Frank Watson, director of the university housing research, conducted Mrs. Roosevelt through the first five experimental houses built in an effort to solve the problem of better and lower-cost houses.
Fine Types Constructed
The houses—constructed of concrete, stucco, prefabricated plywood, steel and wood—are to be furnished and occupied by faculty members who will make a detailed study of
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nch-
Fires Cafe
Tail,
in Texas Slaying
10 Negro Suspects Taken to Safety; EI Campo Officer Stabbed During Drynken Bonus Celebration.
x
By United Press
EL CAMPO, Tex. June 18—Members of a mob seeking 10 Negroes suspected in the slaying of Tim Sitimons, 30, special officer at Wharton, today set fire to the cafe-dance hall where Simmons was killed.
The blaze was extinguished quickly and damage was slight. The mob two hours before had surrounded
the Matagorda County Jail, shortly
after the Negroes had been removed for safe-keeping. The 10 suspects—six men and four women—were arrested for questioning. Simmons was stabbed to death when he sought to stop a drunken brawl between Negroes celebrating bonus payment. It was believed that ihe Negroes had removed to the Corpus Christi jail. About 9 last night, the mob— estimated at 250 persons—searched the Wharton County jail at Wharton, announcing they had come to lynch the Negroes. Sheriff E. J. Koehl and County Attorney George P. Willis Jr. told them the Negroes had been taken away. When mob members refused to listen, the offticers permitted four men to search the premises. The crowd dispersed, but reformed later and went to Bay City, 25 miles away. Sheriff Koehl had informed Sheriff Harris Milner, of Matagorda County that the mob was en route. Milner also let a delegation search his jail to nrove that the suspects were not ‘here. The Negroes are safe,” Koehl said.
the operating costs and living conditions. Dr. Edward C. Elliott, Purdue president, weicomed Mrs. Roosevelt and Gov. and Mrs. Paul V. McNutt to the university. : Mrs. Roosevelt returned to Indianapolis for a brief visit to a WPA sewing project and inspected the Indiana World War memorial before leaving for the East.
The first lady of the land today owned a pink, lavender and green quilt made by women employed on an Indiana Works Progress Administration sewing project. Mrs.
Franklin D. Roosevelt received the quilt yesterday when she visited the
‘| Sixth District headquarters at 501
N. LaSalle-st upon her return here from Lafayette. She was escorted through the building by Dr. Carlton B. McCulloch, Sixth District WPA director, and Mrs: Roberta West Nicholson, director of WPA women’s and professional projects in Marion County. She inspected the sewing project employing approximately 900 women, then saw the surplus commodities warehouses and the artificial limb project. She took a keen interst in all activities, asking questions and admiring the work. After the tour, she returned to the Governor’s- mansion, where her only request was that she be allowed 30 minutes to herself to write her column, “My Day,” which appears daily ‘in The Indianapolis Times. At -4:20 she boarded a train for New York.
TVA HITS BACK AT UTILITY SUIT
New Deal Agency Demands Dismissal; Challenges Legal Motive.
By United Press BIRMINGHAM, Ala., June 18.—A motion to dismiss the suit of 19 major power companies that charges the Tennessee Valley Authority is unconstitutional was filed in Federal Court here today by the New Deal agency. The dismissal is asked on the grounds that the suit of the private utilities constitutes an endeavor to utilize the functions of the court for the purpose of trying a “broad political controversy.” The United States Supreme Court, the dismissal motion says, has already held this “coniroversy” is not a matter for judicial determination. The suit of 19 companies, filed last month, named five counts on which it sought to have the authority declared unconstitutional, The Supreme Court ruled that in so far as manufacture and sale of power from Wilson Dam, in north Alabama, was concerned, the TVA is ‘operating within the Constitution. The new suit of the companies seeks to have broader questions of the TVA’s legality ruled upon. It
are usurping legislative powers and that properties of the companies are being rendered valueless by the operation of the TVA. “Whenever any of the parties who are plaintiffs in the present socalled suit present an actual case, based on some particular transaction involving actual or threatened injury to them, the authority will gladly co-operate in bringing such a case to a final adjudication,” said James L. Fly, solicitor general of the authority. The suit did not ask a temporary restraining order, and made no charges regarding damages to companies’ possessions.
HELD TO GRAND JURY
Youth Accused of Burglary and Carrying Weapons. Lawrence Pickerson, 22, R. R. 17, Box 263, was bound over to the Marion County grand jury today on charges of: burglary and carrying concealed weapons. Police said they captured him in a filling station
at 3443 W. 16th-st several nights
charges the officers of the agency |
]
S LINKED TO
BLACK LEGIO
Police Renew Efforts as
Woman Is Reported Badly Beaten.
By United Press 3 DETROIT, June 18.—Authorities redoubled their efforts to extere minate the Black Legion today in the face of evidence that it had resumed its terroristic activities even while its alleged official assassin was detailing his work in a courte room. 2 The new terrorism was directed at members who had aided the ine vestigation growing out of the Black Legion's execution of Charles A. Poole, a WPA worker. Fearing that . other members might be marked-out: for punishment, authorities ordered the closest possible protection for all. ; ¥ Mrs. William Guthrie, 38, was in receiving hospital in a serious condition from mutliple bruises and’ hysteria after she had been bound, gagged and flogged in her home by unknown men.
whom she had revealed as the official Black Legion printer. “I don’t know anything about it,” Guthrie said. “And if I did, I wouldn't tell you.” 8 Guthrie revealed that while his wife had been punished for her tells ing of secrets, his life had been threatened.
BELGIUM PREPARES FOR FOOD SHORTAGE.
Officials Fear Strikes Will Tie Up Supplies. :
By United Press BRUSSELS, June 18.—The gove ernment drafted (decrees today aue thorizing the requisitioning of food as Belgium's strike of 200,000 worke ers spread alarmingly. Measures to provide emergency food shipments were prepared. Although the strikes, now in their fourth day, spread through textile . factories, there were few disorders. Premier Paul Van Zeeland ordered emergency precautions taken while working. for agreements to make it possible for strikers to ree turn to their jobs before Monday.
BUILDING LEASED BY FURNITURE COMPANY.
Exchange Firm to Open New Place on Washington-st.
George Freeman and Herbert, _ Larman, owners of the Exchange = Furniture Co., 304-310 E. Washing ton-st, today announced a longeterm lease had been signed on a three-story building located at 229 W. Washington-st. The company
is to.employ between 20 and 30 addi tional employes. 3
ago. His bond was set at $1250.
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Police questioned her husband,