Indianapolis Times, Indianapolis, Marion County, 12 June 1936 — Page 12

WORK STARTED ON G00 FARMS

Strip-Cropping, Contour Cultivation Under Way in State.

Times Special ; BEDFORD, Ind. June 12.—Owners of nearly 600 Indiana farms are participating in proper land use methods in co-operating with the Soil Conservation Service, W. L. Baynes, acting co-ordinator of the ‘service, reported here today. To control erosion on their land, 545 farmers are co-operating with Indiana soil conservation CCC camps, Another 50 farms are demonstrating soil saving and soil building practice on the Leatherwood Creek pro just east of Bedford.

_ The farms on which soil conservation work has been done comprise a total area of 82,000 acres, Baynes said, Nearly 5000 acres are involved on the newly established Leatherwood Creep project, while 5 / approximately 77,000 acres are accounted for by camp work.

Strip Cropping

Mr, Baynes listed some of the recommended practices. Strip cropping, one of the principal methods urged to coritrgl soil erosion in hilly country, has been put into use on a total of 1759 acres. A companion practice, cgntour cultivation, has been adopted by farmers on 3369 acres. “Correct crop rotation, including generous usage of legumes, have been applied on every co-operating farm of the project at Bedford. Through camp work, 4105 acres have been retired to meadow containing a high percentage of legumes,” he said. “Through the camp work, farmers have increased their alfalfa acreage 3071 acres, have ® contour furrowed 1198 acres of pastures and terraced 3756 acres.

“Increasing farm woodlands and timber stand improvement in old wood are major conservation practices, since forest cover gives the most perfect vegetative protection against soil dnd -water loss,” Baynes explained. |

3527 Acres Retired

Because of this, Indiana camp cooperators have retired from cultid vation or pasture 3527 acres for protected woodlots. Baynes emphasized © that the farm woodlots are protected from livestock by fencing. The Leatherwood Creek farmers have fenced an

additional 1410 acres of woods. The{ >

camps have planted 2568 acres to new farm woods: and have protected from grazing—by co-opera-tive agreement—6647 acres. “First and foremost in methods of controlling erosion come longer rotations than those now practiced on many Indiana farms, he said. “Many fields in Indiana have been cropped continuously, resulting in serious erosion, until yields have become so low that the land has been abandoned and allowed to grow up to weeds, grass and brush. This is particularly true in some parts of southern Indiana. Some farmers practice a rotation similar

: to this one:

“Corn, corn, corn, meadow mixture. : “On steep slopes such a rotation calls for the cultivated crop too many years in succession. Corn is, RB clean-tilled, erosion-inducing crop and, as such, appears too often in rotation. It not only enables erosion to gain the upper hand but depletes the soil of its fertility, It should be alternated with legumes, small grain crops and meadow. A desirable rotation, planned for | southern Indiana might be:

Mixture of Grass

rn, wheat, meadow mixture. the "latter to be clovers, alfalfa, timothy and other grasses and to be left as long as practicable, usually two to five years.” This accounts for the fact that rotations have been lengthened on a considerable acreage of the Leatherw Creek project, according to ar E. Ackerson, project manager. “The aim in this rotation is to have the land in a clean tilled crop not more than one year at a time,” he said: “The clean tilled crop is followed immediately by a fallseeded small grain which furnishes cover for binding the soil during the fall, winter and spring. The legumes add nitrogen to the soil, thus rebuilding it for the cultivated crop that is to be grown again in the rotation.” Experiments show that on land with as little as 4 per cent slope, strip cropping can be practiced more advantageously. Strip-cropping involves a system of alternate bands of meadow and tilled ‘fields across ‘the slopes, the strips varying in width from 50 to 150 feet, depending upon steepness of the slope. The! strips are rotated so that a cleantilled. strip is on the same ground only one year, rather than two or more years in succession.

Field Work Easier

- Contour farming is a practice involving tillage “on the level” around the slope. As with strip cropping, contouring has demonstrated its practicabili and farmers who have find that it rewater losses but, also makes field work much easier on

small grain,

most perfect protection “against soil washing, forests haye been given first position in the conservation program. Indiana was once the premier. state in production of hardwood lumber, backward because her forests were ruthlessly cut down and not erly replaced, conservation officials said. “No field is so seriously eroded that a forest cover of some kind can not be made to grow on it,” their statement said. ‘The broad aim of reforestation is not only to stabilize the soil and produce wood as a raw material for industry, but also to furnish the farmer with posts, lumber and cord wood. It gives protection from the wind, provides recreation areas and furnishes food and cover for wildlife.” The “big three” in farm forestry in Indiana are listed as: Protection from grazing, fire prevention and selective cutting. The 1¢36 plans for Indiana call for more than six million trees to be planted on th Leatherwood Creek area and one 1.rms co-oper-ating with the 11 erosion control camps. This figure does not include cottonwood and willow cuttings for gully control work, nor a million seed spots made, which is ‘the planting of walnuts and hickory nuts. Protected by Fencing

The Soil Conservation Service plantings are protected py fencing and improvement .work done by camps and WPA labor. In. addition to these control measures ‘the soil conservationists are to assist the farmer in making a complete inventory -of the operations. - The 11 Indiana camps, their locations and the camp superintendents in charge are:

LY Gibson, Howard D. McMur

rN Y Pippecance. Lafayette, J. G. Zimmerman. Shs, i (R. R. ilverth SCS-4. lin, Brookville, Ralph H. Brunette Wa -5, Scott, SS Ralph H. Beck-SCS-8. Posey, Wadesville, D. Hadley. SCS-8, Jennings, North Vernon, WwW. R Milner. id Washington, Salem, Herbert ake. SCS-11, Daviess, Washington, Harold W. Revnolds. 8C8-13, Ohio, Risin,

SCS 14, Greene, Beauchamp.

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