Indianapolis Times, Volume 48, Number 65, Indianapolis, Marion County, 26 May 1936 — Page 14

PAGE 14

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TUESDAY, MAY 26. 1036

PAROLE CONFERENCE COME spectacular crimes by paroled convicts in recent years have brought new criticism of the parole system, one of the least understood phases of the campaign against crime. On the other hand, publicity is not and can not be given to the large number of parole successes. Little was heard of the 93 per cent of men released from Federal prisons in 1933 who successfully completed their parole terms. Os the remaining 7 per cent, about half committed new crimes; the others violated parole regulations. The spotlight, however, is on the parole-breakers. 13ie.se eases serve to illustrate one abuse of the parole system as the Central States Parole and Probation Conference opens here today to consider this and other problems. Parole authorities in the states have been the targets for most of the criticism. The Federal Board has been remarkably frep of criticism. We believe the difference is due to the difference of methods. The Federal board is free from political domination that undermines many state systems. The spoils system too often enters the selection of personnel in the states. The Federal authorities are less subject to pressure by relatives and politicians. In general, they have perfected better investigative methods for getting reliable information on which to act. Another weakness of the many unrelated state parole systems is lack erf co-ordination and co-operation. u tt tt /CRITICS, then, may look with hope upon the program of the Parole and Probation Conference here, for many of these specific weaknesses are to be considered. Representatives from 40 states, including six Governors, are expected to attend. Prominent students of crime prevention will speak. The conference is expected to back a uniform system of parole supervision in the states, a uniform extradition law, a uniform system for selecting competent persons for parole work, and a civil service system to protect from spoils politics those engaged in parole and prison supervision. Steps of this kind would raise the standards of state parole systems. Judges, prosecutors, police and parole authorities will make mistakes of judgment, but the mistakes will be fewer if officials have all the facts, A parole system is no cUre for all crime ills. It seeks to help and put back into society the human material with which other agencies have failed. We know it is more dangerous to turn out a prisoner without restriction at the end of a fixed term than to put him under parole supervision. Most of those now in prison will be released again. Certainly it is desirable that they be given intelligent direction. The Parole and Probation Conference can help make the parole system function without many of the handicaps which now permit the occasional parole of a Dillinger to shake confidence in a sound principle of human rehabilitation. NO KIDDIN’ 'T'HE Republican National Committee hastens to A deny the rumor that “the Cleveland convention is to acquire a vaudeville character or partake of the nature of a musical festival.” It is fairly certain now that it won’t be a revival either. HALF A LEAGUE—ONWARD r jpHOSE who have believed in the League of Nations or a league of nations have prepared themselves, no doubt, since the triumph of Mussolini, to take the taunts of non-believers with such fortitude as they could muster. But judging from editorial and other public expression there is not niueh disposition on the part of the non-believers to celebrate this seeming vindication of their opinion. Apparently nobody is happy over the successful flaunting of the League’s authority. Even those who sneered at the League may have entertained a sneaking hope that it would be able to defend the hapless Africans from the invading Italians. In any case the popular state of mind at the. moment is one of questioning. What can be done now? Is there any way, save through increasing armaments already grown excessive, to assure the safety of a peaceably inclined nation? The League of Nations Association of the United States, an organization which favors our joining the League, offers a plan. Believing, in spite of certain signal failures, that in the 16 years of its existence th? League actually has accomplished a great deal, this Association proposes: 1. Acceptance of the Kellogg Pact as the fundamental and guiding principle of a universal league; 2. Establishment within the orbit of this universal league of arrangements for peaceful modification of the status quo and for the advancement of social and economic justice; 3. Gradation of obligations for maintaining collective security in accordance with the geographical position and special situation of s ates; 4. Separation of the covenant of the League of Nations from the Treaty of Versailles. The Kellogg pact—an agreement by signatories that war shall not be used as an instrument of national policy—is a natural basis for any society of nations. Certainly it is a sounder basis than the Treaty of Versailles. The unfairness of the latter document and the inequities it set up are largely responsible for most of the present League's difficulties. “Arrangement for peaceful modification of the status quo” would mean more than anything else arrangement for erasing the unfair provisions of the Versailles Treaty. The third principle listed above may be subject to debate those seeking to rebuilt the present League or build a new league, but hardly the first, second and fourth principles. Those three cut the ground from under Hitler and Mussolini, while serving the true interest of the German and Italian peoples. The important thing Is to clear the field of the false foundations on which the present League rests. This done, it then can be determined whether it is best to attempt a system under which neighboring nations would accept a special responsibility for ...... • - ' . I

keeping a would-be aggressor In line or to adhere to the present League theory that all member nations share equally in this responsibility. Reverting to the principle listed as No. 2, you find the phrase “arrangement for . . . the advancement of social and economic justice.” This, we take it,, refers to the situation of the “have nots” versus the "haves.” It includes the questions of over-populated territories and access to natural resources and the raw materials essential to civilized lffe. No league that is not prepared to face and solve those questions, no league based on the status quo, is likely to be more than half a league. A BIG OVERHAULING JOB ''l''HE best news of all the Congressional fussing over the tax bill is the announced intention of Senator Pat Harrison to ask creation of a special Senate-House committee to consider tne whole question of overhauling tax legislation. It would be this committee’s duty to conduct exhaustive studies and advise the Congress next year on how to simplify and codify our tax laws to the end that they- shall be made “scientific and understandable to the public.” Certainly the present conglomeration of tax laws contains little that is either scientific or understandable. Year after year Congress has lapped one compromise tax law over another, plugged old loopholes and opened new ones, keeping always a few steps behind clever tax lawyers. Congress has not yet learned how to collect fair assessments from taxpayers who hide behind corporate fictions, yet in trying to do that Congress has passed laws which penalize legitimate businesses. Corporate taxes are not alone in the need of drastic revision. Taxes on individual incomes do not produce the revenue which the rates indicate should be forthcoming. The high rates on upperbracket incomes are mere paper assessments, due to many weaknesses in the law, not the least of which is the exemption granted to income from government securities. Estate' taxes likewise are discriminatory; for the levy is the same whether the deceased’s property is divided among a dozen near relatives or goes in toto to someone person not related. A graduated inheritance tax, with rates and exemptions favoring the widow or widower and direct descendants, would be more equitable. Even more important is the development of some plan for orderly installment collection of taxes rhere the estate consists of nonliquid properties. Last, but probably the most difficult to straighten out, is the vast accumulation of special sales and nuisance taxes, from which the government gets the bulk of its revenue—levies which take no account of ability to pay. Substitute schedules raising the same amount of revenue by visible taxes, proportioned to ability to pay, would be a great advance toward a scientific tax system. These changes can not be accomplished without long and careful study. We hope that before adjournment Congress creates this special tax-reform committee and directs it to’start work at once. HELP THE PENNY ICE FUND TT'OR the sixth year, the Star-Salvation Army Penny Ice Fund is starting a drive for contributions to provide needy families with ice during the hot summer months. Last year, $6174.74 was given to the fund and 3736 families were registered on the Salvation Army list for ice. Deliveries during the summer totaled 190,970. The needy who receive ice at the trucks on regular routes pay 1 cent a chunk for the ice. These pennies totaled SI3OO last year and paid for the deliveries. Ninety-three shut-ins received daily deliveries at home. Through the Penny Ice Fund ice is supplied to hundreds of families who otherwise would be unable to afford it. The Times urges citizens to co-operate to make the drive a success again this year. LIVE FOSSILS A N expedition of scientists from the Smithsonian Institution and the National Geographic Society has set out from the national capital for the shores of the Bering Sea xj search for fossil remains and tools of the first North Americans. These old-timers are believed to have preceded the Eskimo hordes, arriving by foot from Asia across what was then a neck of land. It will be interesting to learn what we can of these 100 per cent Americans and their ways. Washington is troubled more right now, however, by the unburied Neanderthalers of economics and politics who want to run this modern industrial republic along old lines. A WOMAN’S VIEWPOINT By Mrs. Walter Ferguson 'T'HE mind of the petty politician, \1 he has any, must forever remain a mystery to yours truly. The other day I attended a luncheon meeting of a Woman s Democratic Club to which all the county candidates had been invited. They came, 100 per cent strong’. Men who were running for commissioner and judge and court clerk, sheriff and Congress; the usual array of individuals smelling office salaries from afar. Presiding was a well-known woman attorney, and the main speaker was a woman who had been invited from a neighboring city because she was considered an authority on legislation affecting women and children. The affair proceeded in the customary manner. After the dining was done the gentlemen running for office were all introduced publicly to the fair ones whose votes they solicited. Their faces beamed with good will; a couple of bald heads glowed their owners’ pleasure. Then up rose the speaker of the day, who, it had been announced, would make a 15-minute talk. And with her rose up also every mother’s sen of the candidates. They walked out on her in a body. I think this incident illustrates exactly in what contempt the average political aspirant holds the feminine intellect. Evidently it did not occur to these dozen men that their behavior was boorishly rude. Their mental capacity was unable to grasp the fact that the 75 women present might resent the slight put upon ‘them and their guests. The candidates would have some uneasy nights if they knew what some of the women were saying about them. I take a special delight in saying it in print. HEARD IN CONGRESS EP. MAVERICK (D.„ Tex.): The nation has been washed with a billion barrels of bilge about “Tugwellian philosophy” from critics who know nothing about Tugwell and have to offer nothing except words. . . . And now the Republicans go get a set of green academicians from north, south, east, west, and from over the cuckoo’s nest. n u m T| EP. BIERMAN (D., Ia.): The idea of building $51,000,000 battleships to defend our country is just ridiculous. It does not make sense at all. Rep. Bankhead: Now that the gentleman has classed me as an invertebrate, I am very pleased that the osseous matter stops at my neck and does not run up into my head. (Laughter and applause.)

THE INDIANAPOLIS TIMES

Our Town By ANTON SCHERRER

(Continued From Page One) there is the testimony of the Noble •family that Mrs. Stow’e took notes while visiting. 'Which is probably true. What isn’t true, perhaps, is the fantastic report published at the time of Uncle Tom's death that Mrs. Stowe wrote her book in his cabin. This column knows better. * n * /~\N the other hand, there is the | coincidence that Uncle Tom's ! home was always referred to around here as “Uncle Tom’s cabin.” Mr. Beecher, for instance, never said he was going to see Uncle Tom. It was always “to Uncle Tom’s cabin,” and it’s reasonable to suppose that he didn’t change his habits just because his sister came to see him, although some brothers have been known to do this. Finally, there is the fourth chapter of Mrs. Stowe's book. In that chapter Tom’s family is described as consisting of two boys, Mose and Pete, and a baby girl. Uncle Tom Magruder, to be sure, had but two children, Moses and his younger sister, Louisa—but wait. There was a third member in the Magruder family, a boy about the age of Moses, and never fully accounted for, who, so help us, went by the name of Pete. You can’t beat it, no matter whether you believe in coincidences or not. TTNCLE TOM MAGRUDER died in 1857, six years after the first instalment of "Uncle Tom’s Cabin” in The National Era, a newspaper of the time. Legend has it that he wsr no years old when he died, and maybe it’s so, because he was an old man when he came to Indianapolis. He came in 1831 and it is known that he was a slave of Dr. Noble in Virginia prior to 1794. Gov. Noble, a son of Dr. Noble, brought Tom and his wife, Sarah, and built the cabin for him. For a number of years after Uncle Tom’s death, Moses and Louisa lived in a cabin fronting on Wabashst just back of the present Keith’s Theater. Louisa had been married and had a daughter, Martha, but nobody called her that. She answered to the call of “Topsy.”

Liberal View -By Dr. Harry Elmer Barnes—-

TT7"E are on the eve of the season * * of maximum ocean travel. It i is desirable that we safeguard our- ! selves, as well as possible, against l the recurrence of any such disasters \ as those of the Morro Castle, the Mohawk, and the like. Hence, we may welcome as very timely and pertinent the report on the present state of affairs just turned in by the National Committee on Safety at Sea. which is headed up by Walter Parker and Howard S. Cullman. The committee makes it clear that there has been little enlightened co-operation on the part of ship owners in bettering conditions. They have opposed in many cases even legislation of well demonstrated merit. They have discouraged the mere discussion of safety, for fear that it would act as a deterrent to travel. In some quarters there has even been an effort “to suppress all discussions of sea safety whenever possible.” In particular, private interests have been generally opposed to any campaign of public education to promote safety at sea, either in the way of better public regulations or of more adequate instruction of passengers in the use of safety devices on boats. The committee points out that this is an extremely shortsighted policy. The committee particularly criticizes the “penny wise and pound foolish” attitude of the government in its failure to provide proper appropriations for the Bureau of Navigation and Steamboat Inspection.

Ask The Times

Inclose a 3-cet t stamp for reply when addressing any question of fact or information to The Indianapolis Times Washington Service Bureau, 1013 13thst. N. W., Washington, D. C. Legal and medical advice can not be given, nor can extended research be undertaken. Q —Who officially opened the Centennial Exposition in Philadelphia? A—President Ulysses S. Grant, May 10, 1876. Q —Who manufactured the first steel writing pens in the United States? A—Richard Esterbrook who, in 1858, established a factory at Camden, N. J. Q —Where is West Point Military Academy? A—At West Point on the Hudson, 51 miles north of New York City. Q —When was common law marriage abolished in New York State? A—April 29, 1933. Q—What is the real name of Ginger Rogers? A—Virginia Katherine McMath. In private life she is Mrs. Lew Ayres, wife of the film actor. Q—How many used automobiles were sold in the United States in 1934; what was their total value, and the average price a car? A—The nianber sold was 1,143.934, valued at $293,429,537. The average sales price was $256.51. Q —ls a man received an honorable discharge from the Navy after the World War and is later dishonorably discharged from a CCC camp, would this prevent him from receiving his bonus? A-No.

FACING A SERIOUS PROBLEM

BjM®COK/FE-RENCE: -■ft £716-

The Hoosier Forum

(Times readers are invited to express their views in these columns, reliuious controversies excluded. Make ttour letters short, so all can have a chance. Limit them to 250 words or less. Your letter must he sinned, hut names will be withheld on reauest.) tt a tt U. S. MUST MAINTAIN ITS DEFENSE, SAYS JOHNSON By Hugh S. Johnson, Cincinnati When I was a boy, I wrote a piece called “The Lamb Rampant,” which showed how the United States could be attacked by a surprise foray. It was approved as practicable by Professor of Strategy Fieberger at West Point. It made an international stir and, I have always flattered myself, gave a little fillip to improvement in our defenses. Now there are hypothetical popular articles by another generation of young officers asserting an equal

Your Health

BY DR. MORRIS FISHBEIN A BABY usually is given his first feeding about 12 hours after he is born. During the next 24 hours, he may be fed every six hours. After the third day, the baby may be fed from both breasts every four hours. Doctors, however, differ widely regarding the technique of nursing. Some suggest that the baby nurse from each breast every three hours, others that the baby nurse from each breast every four hours and still others suggest that the baby be fed alternately at each feeding from one breast or the other. If a baby on a four-hour schedule cries because he is hungry at the end of two and a half or three hours, he may not be getting enough milk, or his stomach may be getting rid of the food too quickly. It may be necessary, in this case, to change from a four-hour to a three-hour schedule. Very rarely is it necessary to nurse a baby mo:e frequently than every three hours. A MONG the reasons which have -L*- been cited in favor of the fourhour nursing interval are the following: 1. The baby is hungry at the end of four hours. 2. The baby will nurse more vigorously and empty the breasts more completely at the end of four hours. This helps to stimulate milk production. 3. The stomach and the intestines have a chance for a suitable rest period. 4. The baby will take more fuod at each feeding and sleep longer after each feeding. 5. The baby fed every four hours is likely to vomit less often than a baby fed at two or three-hour intervals. 6. When the baby is fed at fourhour intervals, the mother has a chance to rest and does not have to spend all her time with the child. a tt TN the course of two or three weeks, a healthy baby usually will be trained to nurse and sleep with almost perfect regularity. If a baby can not be placed on a four-hour schedule in three months, he requires some supplementary feeding. Value of a long interval between nursing periods means relief for the mother from nursing the baby at night. It also will help her maintain her health, and permit her to nurse the baby to better advantage. Whenever possible, the baby should not sleep with the mother. If the baby is in the same bed with the mother, and if he cries at night, the mother has a tendency to nurse the child to keep him quiet. Os course, a mother with a tiny baby has no business taking the infant to a motion picture theater, or to other places of public assemblage. Under these circumstances, there is a tendency to permit the baby to nurse constantly, to keep him quiet.

1 disapprove of what you say—and will defend to the death your right to say it. — Voltaire.

vulnerability—especially to air attack. With due and understandable sympathy for such enthusiasts, their stuff is wrong. The whole picture has changed. We are no longer vulnerable. There is no great power that could invade continental United States. The World War taught us how to mobilize both our man-power and our industry. We can do it faster than anybody. It taught us economic strategy. It proved that we must have reserves of trained officers and material. It convinced us that we must keep up our air force and our Navy—to guard against a paralyzing surprise attack. Under present General Staff mobilizing plans, after six months no combination of powers could invade us. The whole danger lies in those six months. We are well enough protected on sea and in the air to reduce that hazard to almost nothing. Moreover, if we maintain our present status, there is little danger to us of any war. We couldn’t successfully start one overseas for the same reasons that nobody could invade us. But none of this is true unless we maintain that status. In the post-war distress of all nations, ours is the richest galleon that ever sailed the Economic Sea. To leave it vulnerable to a swift piratical raid of a hungry neighbor is toe great a temptation. In our international relations, we must love everybody. W 7 e must respect the high purpose and Christian ideals of everybody. But we must not go to sleep with our thumb in the mouth of anybody. tt tt n YOUTH DEMANDS CHANCE TO REALIZE DREAMS By James Brown If the handiwork which is known as youth be covered with patches of decayed dreams then it is because the older people will not step aside and permit youth to advance. Too many times the younger generation has been blamed for irresponsibility, pettiness, idleness and many other apparent faults. Older folks eye the younger ones with scorn. Loose-lipped whispering is prevalent because youth expresses freedom, happiness, beauty and reality. I do not mean to uphold brutality or crime in actual incompetence. but I do believe that there are some young people possessed of

SIDE GLANCES

®IM IY MCA SCBVICC. IN& T. M. AC& u. t. EAT Off . U ■ ■ ~,1 “The way mother and daddy carry on, you'd think they never had seen a baby before. 9 ’

worthwhile dreams which are unmaterialized because modern life and the demands of the older environment will not give them a chancfe. Is it any wonder younger mihds are filled with cynicism and unbelief? Is there any motive for evil thoughts or stunted lives? Dare there be an exclamation at free love, fast driving, recklessness, or strange emotions? There need be no exclamation but there certainly is an explanation and a definite reason. As previously mentioned, it is the older folks who are mostly to blame. Young people are not machines. Some people seem to think so. They vainly imagine young manhood and young womanhood to be incapable of fine progression, economical home life, happy marriages, or as sincere students of life’s deeper problems. The panorama of human history will be degraded to the base of puppetry within the next few generations. And the only glimmer of hope or escape that young people have is the thought that history will be kind enough to record it in this manner: “The youth of 1936 were helpless, despaired, haunted and underprivileged; they were pitiful Punch-and-Judy dolls, but their elders held the strings that manipulated their actions. This was. unquestionably, the cause of their defeat.” Bewail our plight, you who are older. Try to understand that there are some young people with reason and good mentality left. Realize that we have dreams just as you did and try to help us. I pray, to break the shackles of slavery with which you have bound us down to earth. When you do this the clarion call of youth will echo throughout the nations. America needs more National Youth movements. There should be a fort in Indianapolis for the youth who are discouraged. Is there another fellow or girl that shares this opinion? SWEET LILACS BY MARY WARD And so I like the lilacs best, The very best of all— They are not in such finery dressed, I hesitate to ca 11Still of spring’s flowers the loveliest, They hold one in their thrall— Sweet lilacs, may I be your guest In my old crocheted shawl?

By George Clark

-MAY 26, 1936

Vagabond from Indiana ERNIE PYLE

EDITORS NOTE—Thi. rnTin* reporter f*r The Time* res where he pleane*. when he pleases, in search of odd stories aboat this and that. DALLAS, May 26. Among several thousand other things, the Texas Centennial Exposition at Dallas will have an oil well. A real, honest-to-goodness oil well, right on the grounds. They don’t expect to hit oil. A concessionaire has taken a regular lease, is setting up a drilling rig, and the day the Centennnial opens hell start drilling. It costs a lot to drill an oil well. But the people will pay for it. by forking over a dime apiece to see how drilling is done. And if the guy should by some odd chance hit oil. oh boy! On June 12, six days after the opening, 50,000 children will sing in the big “Cotton Bowl” stadium on the Centennial grounds. They’ll be from every county in the state. They’ve been practicing for months in their home schools practicing the same songs, in the same way. So when they all get together and the man counts “one, two, three, go.” they’ll all burst out into the biggest song ever heard in Texas. tt a u IT will take more than 3000 busses to bring them to Dallas. All expenses are paid. The Centennial people, of course, never once thought about, the thousands of papas and mamas who wall come to Dallas that day and pay their way inside. June 19 is Negro Day. There'll bs 10,000 Negro children singing together that day. They expect mora than 200,000 Negroes at the Centennial June 19. The man in charge of the Centennial’s historical section has had a lot of fun. He has dug out relics and documents that historians didn’t know existed in Texas. He has old surgical instruments of 1843. and he says some of those hacksaws and cleavers really make your skin creep. He has an invitation to the San Jacinto ball in 1943, printed on satin. All these valuable old relics gathered up from all over Texas are covered by blanket insurance. They’ve had no trouble at all getting the loan of authentic historical pieces. But they’ve been flooded with phoneys. There will be 3000 objects in the historical section, most of them relics. n tt I ASKED the Centennial people how they were going to depict Texas’ disgraceful treatment of the Indians. They replied, “The less said about that the better.” And anyway, they said, it wasn’t any worse than what the rest of the country did. So there won't be any Indian exhibits, except one put on by the State of New Mexico. It is about the same wav with Mexican stuff, too. There will be, it is true, exhibits of Merican craftsmen—weavers, silver workers, pottery molders—actually brought up from the interior of Mexico. But there won't be any official exhibits by the Mexican government. Which seems a shame. For although Mexico’s part in Texas history (the role of the defeated) is unpleasant to Mexicans, still a good big part of Texas is today Mexican, and they're mostly good. Americanized, English-speaking people. a a YOU’VE probably seen a lot of pictures in the papers of “Rangerettes,” dolled up in riding pants and somberos. There’s a funny story about these girls. It seems Dallas is full of dazzling beauties who volunteer as “rangerettes.” They couldn't use all of them as models, so the bookkeeping department said, “Send them down here, and well give them regular jobs.” So, they sent them down, and out of the first 12 not a single one would take a job. They'd rather pose for nothing than work for wages. If you drive into Dallas for the Exposition, when you crass the county line you’ll see a neat booth with a sign saying something like “Official Free Housing Information.” This is just part of the Centennial service. You stop and ask the boys where you’re going to find a room. They look through the files and spot a flop for you. They’ve been working on this thing for months. They have 35,000 rooms listed. They’ve looked at every one of them, too. No charge for this little service, folks. It’s just part of the Centennial spirit.

TODAY’S SCIENCE _ BY DAVID DIETZ

WORLD power today is mineral power. This is the new factor in international affairs, injected into the world picture bv the growth of Twentieth Century science, chemistry and engineering. It took the first World War to bring the fact home to the nations of the world. Today it Is the dominating thought in the minds of wise statesmen and diplomats. Mineral power, not man power, will decide the next war. The future of the world is bound up in mineral resources. The nations with the minerals rule the earth. Those that have iron, coal, copper, nickel, potash, sulphur and oil, may face the future with confidence and assurance. Those that do not have them are doomed to second place in world affairs. Rulers, thinking of the future greatness of their countries, are thinking in terms of minerals. Who shall own and control the world's minerals is the big question before the world today. That question is shaping world politics today. It wili be the real basis of the next World War. When men fight, they will be fighting for minerals. We say that this is the Age of Steel, the Age of Electricity, th* Age of Chemistry, the Age of Aluminum, the Age of the Airplane, and so and so on. All these names can be collected into one—the Age of Minerals. DAILY THOUGHT Thou hast also given me the ihield of Thy salvation: and Thy gentleness hath made me great.— U Samuel, 22:36. NOTHING is so strong as gentleness; nothing so gentle as real strength.—Francis de Sales.